Dr.

JP IAS ACADEMY

Dr. JP IAS ACADEMY

11. Which of the following statement is true about the

Ecotone?

Ram Nagar Coimbatore - 09

A. It is meeting place of two different eco-systems

B. It is meeting place of two same eco-systems
C. Density of species is very low here
D. All of
the above.

( www.drjpiasacademy.com)
(Ph: 0422 - 4391758; Mob: + 91 - 78452 02153)

ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT

12. Consider the following statements about the estuary:

1. Synecology deals with

A. ecology of many species
B. ecology of many
populations
C. ecology of community
D. none
of the above

1. Estuary is place where the river fresh waster

meets with ocean water
3. This area is highly unproductive

2. Ecotype is a type of species in which environmentally

induced variations are
A. temporary
B. Genetically fixed
C. genetically not related D. none of the above

4. All of the above

DE

Which of above the statements is/are true?

A. 1 only

3. The term Biocoenosis was proposed by

A. Transley
B. Karl Mobius
C. Warming
D. none of the above

6.

D. 3 only

13. Which of following statement is incorrect about the

Biosphere?
A. Biosphere is combination of lithosphere, hydroEnergy flow in an ecosystem is
sphere and Atmosphere
B. Biosphere is missing
A. unidirectional
B. Bidirectional
C. Multidiat extreme of north and south pole
C. Organisms
rectional D. Cyclic
are uniformly present in Biosphere
D. All of the
above
Flow of materials in an ecosystem is
A. unidirectional
B. Bidirectional
C. Multidi14. In an ecotone, the species which become abundant are
rectional D. Cyclic
called:
Trophic levels are formed by
A. Edge species
B. Keystone species
C. EnA. only plants B. only animals C. only carnivodemic species D. Foster species
rous D. organisms linked in food chain
15. The pyramid of energy in terrestrial ecosystem is
Biotic potential is counteracted by
A. Competition with other organisms
B. ProA. upright
B. inverted
C. spindle shaped
ducer is the largest
C. Limitation of food supply
D. none of these
D. None of the above

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7.

C. 1 and 2

AC
A

5.

B. 2 only

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4.

2. This area is highly productive

Dr

16. The pyramid of numbers is inverted in the case of

8. Definition of ecosystem is
A. The community of organisms together with the environment in which they live
B. The abiotic comA. parasitic food chain
B. forest land ecosystem
ponent of a habitat C. The part of the earth and its
C. grassland ecosystem D. lake ecosystem
atmosphere which inhibits living organisms
D. A
community of organisms interacting with one another 17. Which of the following ecological pyramid is always
upright?
9. In a food chain of grassland ecosystem the top consumers are
A. pyramid of energy
B. pyramid of number
A. Herbivorous
B. Carnivorous
C. Bacteria
C. pyramid of biomass D. none of these
D. Either carnivorous or herbivorous
10. Species that occur in different geographical regions 18. Pyramid of numbers in a single tree is
separated by special barrier are:
A. upright
B. inverted
C. spindle shaped
A. Allopatric
B. Sympatric
C. Sibling
D. none of these
D. None of the above
1

Dr. JP IAS ACADEMY

19. The graphic representation of number of individuals 29. Biodiversity Hotspot are characterized on the basis of:
of different species belonging to each trophic level in
A. Endemic flowering plant and threat perception
an ecosystem is
B. Endemic flowering plant C. Species of flowering
plants D. None of above
A. Pyramid of energy
B. Pyramid of number
30. The most important human activity, leading to the
C. pyramid of biomass D. Ecological pyramid
extinction of wildlife, is
20. Pyramid of biomass is inverted in
A. Pollution of wildlife, is B. Hunting for valuable
wildlife products
C. Introduction of alien species
D. Alternation and destruction of the natural habitats

A. Forest ecosystem
B. Grassland ecosystem
C. Fresh water ecosystem D. Tundra
21. In Pond ecosystem, pyramid of biomass is

C. spindle shaped

A. Some species will be extinct B. Population and

ecological imbalance will rise up
C. Energy crisis
will occur
D. Rest half forests will maintain this
imbalance

A. upright
B. inverted
D. none of these

31. If we uncover half of the forest, covering of the earth,

what crisis will be produced at most and at first?

32. What is the major cause of diminishing wildlife number?

C. spindle shaped

AC
A

A. upright
B. inverted
D. none of these

DE

22. In grassland ecosystem, pyramid of biomass is

A. Felling of trees
B. Cannibalism
C. Habitat
destruction D. Paucity of drinking water

23. Which of the following system is incorrect regarding

ecological pyramid?

24. Red data book contains data of

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33.
A. The pyramid of energy is inverted in ocean ecosystem
B. The pyramid of biomass is inverted in
aquatic ecosystem
C. The pyramid of numbers is
upright in grassland ecosystem D. The pyramid of
34.
biomass is upright in grassland ecosystem

Viable material of endangered species can be preserved by

A. Gene bank
D. Herbarium

B. Gene library

C. Gene pool

Which group of vertebrates comprises the highest

number of endangered species?

Dr

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A. Mammals B. Fishes C. Birds D. Reptiles

A. all plant species B. all animal species C. economically important species D. threatened species 35. Which of the following is mainly responsible for the
extinction of wild life
25. Which of the following region has maximum diversity
A. Pollution of air and water B. Hunting of flesh
A. mangroves B. temperate rainforest C. taiga
C. Destruction of Habitats D. All of these
D. coral reefs
36. Consider the following classification of Biodiversity:
26. Biodiversity
1.Alpha-diversity Between-community diversity
A. increases towards the equator
B. decreases to2. Beta-diversity Within-Community diversity
wards the equator C. remains same throughout the
3.Gamma diversity Overall Biodiversity
planet D. has no effect on change in latitude
27. The most important reason for decrease in biodiversity is

Which among the above is/are incorrectly paired?

A. Only 2
B. Only 3
C. 1 and 2
D. 1, 2
and 3

A. habitat pollution
B. introduction of exotic
species
C. over-exploitation
D. habitat de37. What is the meaning of coral bleaching?
struction
A. Paling of coral color or decline in zooxanthellae
28. Hot spots are regions of high
due to climate change
B. Impacts of excessive
sea trade on fishing industry
C. Both a and b
A. rarity B. endemism C. critically endangered
D. None of the above
population D. diversity
2

Dr. JP IAS ACADEMY

38. A high Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) indicates 48. Lion-tailed macaque is the key faunal species of
which Biosphere Reserve?
that:
A. Nilgiri
Saikhowa

A. water is pure
B. absence of microbial action
C. Low level of microbial pollution
D. High level
of microbial pollution

B. Jhum

A. Conserve the diversity of plants, animals and micro organism

B. Conserve the diversity and integrity of animal only
C. Conserve the diversity
and integrity of micro organism only D. All of the
above

C. Taungya system

40. The cutting down of trees and setting them on fire

and raising crops on the resulting ash is called:

50. Which of following is part of world network of Biosphere?

C. Taungya system

A. Pyrolysis
B. Jhum
D. Shift cultivation

A. Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve

B. Sunderban
Biosphere Reserve
C. Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
D. All of the above

B. 67%

C. 30%

DE

41. What percent of area in the plain should be under

forest?
A. 33%

C. Dibru-

49. Consider the statements about the Biosphere, which

one is correct?

39. Growing agricultural crops between rows of planted

trees is known as
A. Social forestry
D. Agroforestry

B. Dehang-Debang
D. Nokrek

D. 10%

AC
A

51. Consider the following statements about the biodiver42. Algal bloom is the result of
sity hotspot?
I) Norman Mayer is associated with scientists responA. Global warming
B. Salination
C. Eutrophisible for making the list of biodiversity hotspot
cation D. Biomagnification
II) These areas are biodiversity rich and species are
43. Which of the following is not among the four coral
endemic to this area
reef regions of India identified by the Government for
III) Biodiversity is under the threat
intensive conservation and management?
Which of above the statement is/are true?
B. Gulf of Khambat C. LakD. Andaman and Nicobar Is-

A. I

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A. Gulf of Mannar
shadweep Islands
lands

A. Western Ghat
D. Nanda Devi

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B. Simlipal

C. Sundarban

1. Steppe in Central Asia

45. Which one of the following is a useful biological indicator of Sulphur-dioxide pollution ?

Dr

D. III

53. The Temperate Grassland or Shrub-Land Biome is

commonly known as

C. Commensalism

A. Bryophytes
B. Algal blooms
domonas D. Lichens

C. I, II and III

52. Which of following is hotspot in India?

44. The relationship between water fern Azolla and

cyanobacterium Anabaena is :
A. Symbiotic B. Mutualistic
D. Proto-Cooperation

B. I and II

2. Prairie in North America

C. Pseu-

3. Veld in South America

Choose the correct option:

46. In Nitrogen Cycle, soil nitrates are transformed into

free nitrogen by:

A. 1 and 2
3

A. Nitrifying bacteria
B. Denitrifying bacteria
C. Ammonifying bacteria D. Both [A] and[C]

B. 1 and 3

C. 2 and 3

D. 1, 2 and

54. Which of following is incorrectly matched:

47. An aquatic plant introduced from America to check

pollution turned out to be a troublesome weed in Indian water bodies. The name of this invasive alien
species is :
55.
A. Opuntia
B. Aegilops
C. Eichhornia
D. Pistia
3

A. Sunderban : West Bengal B. Simplipal : Tamilnadu C. Nanda Devi : Uttarakhand D. Manas :

Assam
Consider the following statements about the functions
of wetland
I) It stores the flood
3

Dr. JP IAS ACADEMY

60. Which of the following two criteria have to be met

II) It recharges the ground water
in order to qualify as a biodiversity hotspot on the
III) It provides different products such as fish, timber
world hotspots map?
etc
Which of above the statements are true about the
1. The region must contain at least 0.5 percent
function of wetland?
or 1500 species of vascular plants as endemic
A. I B. II C. I,II and III D. III
species.
56. Which of following statement is correct about the wet2. The region has to have lost at least 70 percent
land in India?
of its primary vegetation.
A. Tso Marari and Chandartal are Glaciated Wetlands B. Chilka in Odisha is an example of lagoon
wetland
C. Loktak lake is oxbow wetland it is in
Manipur D. All of the above

Choose the correct option:

C. Both 1 and 2

D. Nei-

A. Only 1 B. Only 2
ther 1 nor 2

AC
A

DE

57. Consider the following statements about the Man- 61. The Red Data Book is the documention of rare and
grove forests
endangered species of :
I) Mangrove trees grow in saline coastal regions
1. Animals
II) Sundarban is world largest mangrove forest
III) Mangrove forest support varieties of life
2. Plants
IV) Andaman and Nicobar island also have mangrove
3. Fungi
forest
Which of above statements are true or correct?
A. Only 1 B. 1 and 2 C. 2 and 3 D. 1, 2 and
3
A. I only B. II only C. I, II , III and IV D. IV
only

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62. The Olive Ridley turtles are considered to be endangered because of their few remaining nesting sites in
58. Lantana know as Phool Lakhri in local parlance, is
the world. In this context, which among the following
a shrub found in abundance in Himachal Pradesh.
Statement(s) is/are correct ?
1. It is a toxic weed and has affected the mountain
1. Their peculiar behaviour of synchronized nesting
diversity of the state.
in mass numbers is known as Arribada.
2. Lantana species are widely cultivated for their
2. Gahirmatha Beach in Orissa is one of their few
flowers.
nesting grounds in the world.
3. It is endemic to India.
A. Only 1 B. Only 2 C. Both 1 and 2 D. Nei4. It is considered as potential fire hazard and it is
ther 1 nor 2
combustible even when green.
63. Consider the following Mangrove areas:

Dr

Which of the statements given above is/are correct

about it?
A. 1, 2 & 4 only.
D. 1, 2, 3 & 4.

B. 2 & 4 only.

1. Bhitarkanika

C. 1 & 3 only.

2. Pichavaram
3. Coondapur

59. Consider the following animals found in India

Which among the above is/are situated on the Eastern

Coast of India?

1. Namdapha flying squirrel

A. Only 1
3

2. Pygmy hog
3. Nicobar White-tailed Shrew

B. 1 and 2

C. 1 and 3

D. 1, 2 and

64. Which among the following is key faunal species that

Which of the animals given above is/are critically enis being conserved and monitored in Dachigam Nadangered?
tional Park ?
A. 1 and 2
3

B. 2 and 3

C. 3 and 4

A. Musk Deer
throated Marten

D. 1, 2 and

B. Golden Oriole
C. YellowD. Hangul or Kashmir Stag
4

Dr. JP IAS ACADEMY

65. Consider the following Statements regarding Keibul

lamjao National Park:

1. It is one of the Ramsar Wetlands of International

Importance.

1. It is an integral part of Loktak lake and also the

only floating National Park in the world.

2. It is inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage

list.

2. The animal species conserved here is the endangered Brow-antlered deer or Sangai.

Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

A. Only 1 B. Only 2 C. Both 1 and 2 D. Nei3. The national park is characterized by many floatther 1 nor 2
ing decomposed plant materials locally called
phumdis.
70. The largest number of Tiger Reserves are located in :
A. Karnataka
B. Andhra Pradesh
Pradesh D. West Bengal

A. 1 and 2
3

B. 1 and 3

C. 2 and 3

C. Madhya

Which among the above Statement(s) is/are correct?

D. 1, 2 and

DE

71. The Siberian Crane, an endangered migratory bird

is a regular visitor of which of the following national
66. Which among the following awards has been recently
park/bird sanctuaries:
instituted by the Government of India for individuals or communities from rural areas that have shown
A. Ranganathittu bird sanctuary
B. Keoladeo
extraordinary courage and dedication in protecting
national park
C. Vedanthangal bird sanctuary
Wildlife?
D. Sultanpur bird sanctuary

1. Udanti Sitanadi Rajasthan

AC
A

A. Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar B. Medini

Puruskar Yojana
C. Amrita Devi Bishnoi Award 72. Which of the following Indian States/UT has the maximum percentage of mangrove cover in the country ?
D. Pitambar Pant National Award
A. Gujarat
B. West Bengal
C. Andaman and
67. Consider the following Tiger Reserves of India:
Nicobar D. Orissa
73. All species of Lemur are endemic to which among
the following places of the world?

3. Sariska Orissa
4. Satkosia Karnataka

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2. Dandeli Anashi Chattisgarh

A. Seychelles Islands
B. Galapagos Islands
C. New Caledonia D. Madagascar

Dr

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Which of the above Tiger Reserves are correctly 74. Which among the following is the Worlds largest Wetland System?
paired with their respective locations?
A. Camargue (France)
B. Okavango (Botswana)
A. 1 and 2
B. 1, 2, and 4
C. 2 ,3 and 4
C.
Everglades
(USA)
D.
Pantanal (South AmerD. None of them
ica)
68. Consider the following Statements:
75. Identify the correct match between tiger reserve and
1. The State of Forests Report (SFR) is brought
its state
out by Forest Research Institute, Dehradun.
A. Manas Assam B. Corbett Madhya Pradesh
2. The forest cover assessment of India is published
C. Bandipur Tamil Nadu D. Palanau Orissa.
in this annual report.
76. Which of the following is the matching pair of a sancWhich of the above statement(s) is/are correct in this
tuary and its main protected wild animal?
regard?
A. KazirangaMusk deer
B. GirLion
A. Only 1 B. Only 2 C. Both 1 and 2 D. NeiC. SunderbanRhino D. All of these.
ther 1 nor 2
77. Identify the correctly matched pair

69. Consider the following statements regarding Keoladeo

National Park (formerly known as the Bharatpur Bird
Sanctuary) :

A. Corbett park Aves B. Runn of Kutch Wild ass

C. Gir forest Rhino D. Kajiranga-Elephant.
5

Dr. JP IAS ACADEMY

78. Minamata disease was caused by pollution of water 87. Consider following statements about the Ozone Hole
by
A. mercury
cyanate

B. lead

C. tin

D. methyl iso

I) Ozone formation and destruction keep on happening

II) Ozone destruction rate is higher than its formation
rate
III) Ozone destruction rate is equal to the its formation rate

79. Green house effect is caused by

A. Caused by combustion of many gases B. Caused
by CO2 , CH4 , CFC, NO2 gases
C. Hydrocarbons
and Nitrogens D. None of these

Which of above statement is/ are true?

80. Which of the following is regarded as the main cause

of groundwater contamination?

A. I only
B. I and II Only
D. III Only

C. I and III only

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AC
A

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A. agricultural products
B. landfills
C. septic
tanks
D. All of the above main sources of ground
88. Earlier there was balance between the formation and
water contamination.
destruction of Ozone layer but after the release of vari81. Which among the following is the most abundant
eties of harmful substances into atmosphere, this balGreen-House-Gas (GHG) in the earths atmosphere?
ance has been disturbed. Now rate of destruction is
higher than the rate of formation of Ozone layer which
A. Carbon dioxide B. Water Vapour C. Sulphur
is causing widening of Ozone hole. CFC (ChlorofluoDioxide D. Tropospheric Ozone
rocarbons) is one of the sources responsible for causing
82. The use of microorganism metabolism to remove polhole in Ozone layer, which of following statement is
lutants such as oil spills in the water bodies is known
correct about the CFC:
as :
A. CFC is made of Chlorine, fluorine, and carbon
A. Biomagnification
B. Bioremediation
B. CFC is released from Refrigerant, foams in plastic
C. Biomethanation D. Bioreduction
manufacturing, etc
C. Refrigerant is the major
source of CFC D. All of the above
83. The ranking of countries as the highest per capita
emitters of Carbon Dioxide in the world, takes into 89. Nitrogen Oxide is also held responsible for the depleaccount their annual CO2 emissions from :
tion of Ozone layer, which of following is source of
Nitrogen Oxide?

B. 1 and 2

C. 1 and 3

A. Industrial emission
B. Fertilizers which are
used in agricultural activities
C. Thermonuclear
weapons D. All of the above

D. 1, 2 and
90. Which of following is/are green house gas(es)?

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A. Only 1
3

1. Burning of fossil fuels

2. Cement Manufacture
3. Land Use such as deforestation

A. Carbon dioxide
D. All of the above

84. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

B. Methane

C. CFC

Dr

A. Photochemical smog always contains Ozone.

B. The toxic effect of Carbon Monoxide is due to its 91. The pioneers in xerach succession is the A. crustose
lichen B. mosses C. foliose lichen D. shrubs
greater affinity for haemoglobin as compared to oxygen. C. Lead is the most hazardous metal pollutant
92. The final stable community in an ecological succesof automobile exhaust. D. None of the above
sion is called the A. final community B. ultimate
community C. climax community D. seral com85. Which of following can be used for controlling Gaseous
munity
Pollutant?
A. Arrestor
B. Incineration
D. None of above

C. Absorption

93. The process of successful establishment of the species

in a new area is called A. sere B. climax C. invasion D. ecesis
86. Which of following is One of the best solutions to get
rid of non-biodegradable wastes is :
94. The order of basic processes involved in sucA. Recycling waste B. Burying waste
ing waste D. All of the above

cession is
tition and

C. Burn-

co

A. Nudation->Invasion-> compeaction->reaction->stabilization
6

Dr. JP IAS ACADEMY

B. Nudation->stabilization->
competition
and
co action->Invasion->reaction
C. Invasion->
Nudation->competition and co action->Reaction>stabilization
D. Invasion->stabilization->
competition and co action->Reaction->nudation
Explanation:
Nudation->Invasion-> competition
and co action->reaction->stabilization
95. The formation of a climax community from an abandoned farm land is a an example of A. Autogenic
succession
B. Allogenic successsion
C. Primary
succession D. Secondary succession

B. ecesis

C. sere

A. nudation

96. The development of a bare area without any life form

is called
D. reaction

DE

97. The conversion of a pond to a climax forest community is an example of

A. xerarch succession
B. mesarch succession
C. hydrarch succession
D. all of these

AC
A

98. The intermediate developmental stages in the ecological succession is called A. sere B. ecesis C. climax D. nudation

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99. All the statements are correct regarding ecological succession except A. It is a random process
B. Species diversity increases as succession proceeds
C. The food chain relationships becomes more complex D. The role of decomposers becomes more and
more important

100. What is the complex of vegetation called when it undergoes no further change unless the climate changes
perceptibly

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A. an ecosystem
B. climatic climax community
C. End of succession
D. Edaphic climax community

1. C
10. A
18. C
26. A
34. A
42. C
50. D
58. A
66. C
74. D
82. B
90. D
98. A

Dr

Answers

2. B
11. A
19. B
27. D
35. D
43. B
51. C
59. D
67. D
75. A
83. B
91. A
99. A

3. B 4. A 5. D 6. D 7. D 8. A
12. C 13. C 14. A 15. A 16. A
20. C 21. B 22. A 23. A 24. D
28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C
36. C 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. B
44. A 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. A
52. A 53. A 54. B 55. C 56. D
60. C 61. D 62. C 63. B 64. D
68. D 69. C 70. C 71. B 72. B
76. B 77. D 78. A 79. B 80. D
84. D 85. C 86. A 87. B 88. D
92. C 93. D 94. A 95. D 96. A
100. B

9. B
17. A
25. D
33. A
41. A
49. A
57. C
65. D
73. D
81. B
89. D
97. C