AUSTRALIAN STEEL INSTITUTE TABNVACN (4) 000873 ase Design Gulde Fine ond plate eoonectlons Copyright ©2007 by AUSTRALIAN STEEL INSTITUTE Punta by: AUSTRALIAN STEEL INSTITUTE [Al rghts reserved. This book or any part throo! must not be reproduced in any form without 1 wrtten permission of Australian Sted Insitute ‘ote fo commercial stare dvslapars: Copyright ofthe information consned within ti plot is ol by Aural Stoo Instat (AS). Whiten permission most bs obsined tom 4 forte sas of 3) Infomation conned harin which i subsequent used ary commernly avaiable sofware package FIRST EDITION 2007 (LMT STATES) National Lary of Aus Cataloguing n-Pubiction ey Hogan Deli Gude 4: Flanle ana pate connectons 0a Btagrapty ‘This publication orgie as pat of Fen 3780908045084 (pb. Designo sca! onsen 1. Stoo, Sructual—standards- Australi Fratton 1978 2. Steal Siuctural_Specieatons Austral, Second edi 1981 5. ols, (Engineering) Design and constuction ‘Thine 1988 tno Si ast eden 198 i, Avon Sto! nt, i Te {Sores Stctura ste! connection ets) Design capacity bles rst te Volune 3: Simple conesons open scons "mo: Design of street conection Design Gee Holts str sel eases Desigt Ge 2 Welding in sro sel omens Design Guides Angle les conocinon Donon Guide Seta ennai, Diselaimer: the information proserod by the Ausvallan Ste! site ia tis publi has ben Prepared for genera inormaten ony née not In any way. sonata "wearers, at Prolesona coves. We every sft has 82en rece ard a featorable care taken to ensure the [coirecy ot sa information contains tis pubicaton thie infomation howd not So ed! ot reed Upon fer any spect appiaton witout invesipaon and vriicaon ao oie accareey, sully and paconay bys competent profesional personne toga. The Ausra See fs, hors Shc employees tna the authors an scitars of his pubionon donot gv any warates ox make ay ‘Borecetatone fn velnton foto information powed erin a othe exert eral by a (2) et "ote nels able or expense any way: ard @) expressly cela any Tab o responaiy for Sry oes or damage corto axponaaeircured in canneson wth he puicato by any person het ‘hat reo the purchassr of ie pusizaon ors ito In, nls lus mage, cots Snvespensesincied ne arvulof he nepigence athe authors, ashore or pushers ‘Tha ‘formation in tls publeaton should not be relleg upon 280 mm But table Contguration B— roomie e read res) "50 mm doen” 32 Member 200 mm doop ot “The new Connections Series formal with separate design guides for idvidval convection types ‘s intended to faciate addition to of rovaion of connection model theory using relevant new local or inorational research as deemed appropriate by the ASI. Connection models ‘developed vsng the Handboos 1 theory folow a siylises page format witha numbered DESIGN “CHECK procedure to simply conection capaciy assessment Engineering Systems has worked closely withthe Australian Stoel Intute to further develop Leon as the companion program for his new Connection Design Gude series. The latest ‘orson of Leon fly implomente the new connection design models and k was omployed in Checking the design tables. The Limcon output for one of mare ofthe worked examples ‘included in an appandix to each Design Guide. The program (san efficient fol covering te fll ‘ange of structural connection, including those beyond the scope ofthe Design Guide capacty tables 'An appendix to each publication inthe series also contains an ASI comment frm. Users of tis Connactons ‘Series are encouraged 10 photocopy this one page form and forward. any Suggested mprovements which may be incorporated Ito futur eaten Ta Hogan SA Muner ¢ tented it Pesos, tat eation wm. e tenia en te Sas, tat eon m.‘ABOUT THE AUTHOR Tim Hogan is Director of SCP Gonsuitng Ply Lid. His academic actieverents incude Bachelor of Engineering from the Universy of NSW win 1" Cinss Henours and the UnWwstlty Mesal. Postgraduate qualifications Incude a Master of Engineering Sclence and a Mastor of Business Administration, Tim © a Member ofthe Intution of Engineers Ausvalia with CRENg fn FIE Aust status, His early experience was on bridge design and consinition wih the NSW Pubic Works Department and subsequently as Development Engineor and then Engineering Manager with the Austalan Intute of Steel Constructon untt 980. Consuting experience with SCP Consulting since’ 1980 has included design and supervision of large steel remod bulings, indus! bueings, mil buildings retal dovelopments, defence infrastructure and compat ecLconerele-buiings. His published works desl primarly wth tho arose of composite onatracton, ste! connections fabrication and erection of stl structures and he mae 2 major ontbutor and editor of the Commentary to.AS 4100, He is a momber of a number of Slandards Ausala Committees dealing with steel and composite stucures and Is curently Charman of Commies 20-001 Steel Structures and 80-032 Compose Construction. He fecoived an award om Standards Ausirala for nis contibutins to. witing of Australian Standards ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTING AUTHOR AND EDITOR Scott Muster is now the National Structural Decking Manager for BlueScope Lysaght. Ho was Tormey the National Manager—Engineering & Consttuctin forthe Australian Steel Insti (ASI) and worked In this fle from 2000 to 2007. This kay role invoWes seting the technical leadership ef ASI in suppert of design and constucion to enable the aficiot speciation and Use of steel in construction. Responsibities included ASI technical publcalons, advice on industry best aactce, ASI and Cade committees, presentations and lecturing, Scott la a Member of the Instutlon of Enginsers Australia with CP Eng & NPER (Structural) status. He folds 2 Bachelor of Structural Engineering from the University of Technology, Sydney with 1" Class Honours and the Univerty Medal. His professional carser includes, 15 years in consulting ev and siictral engineering working for Tim Hogan at SCP Consulting. Ee conang enposone cuss sot See cs i mar mcr, cl 6 nmin Scopes flonan conten e ete nt Sot, ten Bs ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ‘The authors would ke to extend special hanks to: ‘The ASI Connections Steering Commitee consisting of Richard Colins (Engineering Systems) [Anthony Ng {OnesSteet Marke: Mls) and Arun Syam (Smorgon Steel Tube Mis) for ek fespecive conributons with the development and review ofthe technical and edioril content ‘le revised ASI Connection Publeaton, Significant contributions were mace by + Richard Colfne—Enginoering Systems in the development and upgrade ofthe Limcon oftware code n parallel wit the design theory siding the eating and validation ofthe revised modae 1+ Standards Australia for proving tho technical typeseting expertise + Whizzoad Pty Lis with crating and graphics for publishing + ASI Stale Engineering & Constucion Special Sub-Committees for promressive ‘engineering and industry reviw of manuscript. Together with supporto: +All facets of the ASI membership including design engineers, stechwork detaers and fabricators in contibuting industry best practes and standards through ASI surveys and ‘deect consultation te establish the theory and geometry In tis new AS! Connection Publication ws4 CONCEPT OF DESIGN GUIDES 1.1 Background ‘The ASI was formed in 2002 through the merger of Australian institute of Steet Construction {AISC) and Steal! nstute of Australia (SIA), The former AISC published a sign manval giving ‘udance on tne design of structural connections In steal (Rel. 2. [ASI Is updating Reference 2 by way of the Connection Series including design guides desing ‘with connecton pars anc Indidusl connection types, The overall series of Connections publications wil be known asthe Connections Series, The former AISC also published a manual containing standardised Getaiing for simple soanectons, accompanied by load tables (Ref). Wherever possible each design guide for individual connection types contains standardised etaling and. design capaciy tables for the connection type covered by that design guide Serves using the design modes in hat design guide. ‘The Connection Series i a specialist series devote tothe design of connections in structural ‘eet In accordance with curont Australian Standara AS 4100 (Ref. 1) refecting the curont ‘State of knowledge af connecion behaviour fom lest results. In some ielances, the test {evidence Ie aperao and in ether natancas the eveence i contradictory o lauded. Exch design {ude in the Connection Serles has. been wren by weighing the evidence wo prowde fecommended design procedures based in parton the design procedures used in equivalent ‘manuals andior published papers “This Guide is intended to provide a design model forthe flexible end plate (FEP) connection which gives a realistic estimataof connection design capacky and consaerabla efor has been ‘expended in researching and developing a simple, yet satsfecory design model which can be justited on the basis of tie available tesearen and current design practice, ie (0 be fmphasised that for thie connection, the design model presented ie nat the only possible ‘model—merely the most representative of the behaviour of a individual connection in the Spinion ofthe ASI, Its therefore not intended to suggest that other models may not result Inadequate connection capacity and further reference is made tothe Disclalmer on page of this publication as to the required investigation and verification by a competent professional porson or persons in jecuraty,sultabilty and applicability of the materials provided inthis Connoctions Series, ‘The connection deat wth inthis Gude isthe flexible end pate connection, also known as the shear end plate connection ‘Tne floxble end plate connection Is used as a simple connection in tems of AS 4100 for steel ‘beam fo stel beam or ste! column connections e evo ie ets, at etn a: 2 DESCRIPTION OF CONNECTION “Te fsxbla endplate connection consists of a length of plate or fat bar, let welded on both {ides fo the web ofthe supported member, wth bolls coonectng the end plata othe supporting amber (eer Figure 1 for ypieal axamplos ofthe connection). ‘The supported member may require the ange andlor the web to be coped inorder to enabie the conection fo be olfected Features ofthe connection ae = Wolds a tilt welds o both sides ofthe supported beam web, — The component la either a standard size Mat bar o plate cut osu. = The bolting category normaly used is 8.85, — The component does nat extend o the toto flange of the supported beam in order to {insure that the Bear can rote wlthout ouching the supporing member — The connection can be used Io hollow section columns if studs or special bolts are used (not vin tha scope of the Design Gude) _— The connection can be used wit skew beams toa timed extent. oped ooo “lm rn re quads cope ar FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FLEXIBLE END PLATE CONNECTIONS (ater Re. 4) e cesar ie 4 we ‘oi ond sate cososton, et ein3 TYPICAL DETAILING OF ‘CONNECTION fGen eel TT FIGURE 2 UNCOPED AND SINGLE WEB FIGURE 3. UNCOPED AND SINGLE WEB ‘COPED BEAM (end plat locates Lonard top COPED BEAM (end pats locatad towards ‘tbeam) Shhh ‘bottom of beam) a =F FIGURE 4 DOUBLE WEB COPED BEAM {ond plate death matenes remaining depth of web) asin ie os 4 DETAILING CONSIDERATIONS, Detailing considerations 1nd plato component may be eitha eu from pao (Grade 250) or be a standars fat bar {Grade 300). The component i usually cropped or oxy-cut lo length and the holes are Usually punched. imation in AS 4100 Section 14 (Rel. 3) appl to ase operations, 2 Connections at the ends of skew and raking beams can be accommodsted to a certain 3 Goll nolas are 2 mm larger thon the nominal Blt diameter. Slotted or evarsize holes are hot useé because AS 4100 requees the use of ator boing category &.8ITF or 8.87 Under the provisions of AS 4100 (Re. 1). This connection uses 88/8 category. 4 Imconnactions to calor webs, the beam flange may also neod fo be coped (emoved) to flow the connection abe effected (Figure 1) 5 Fabrication of his type of connection requtas close control in cutting the besm to length ‘and adequate consideration must be gven lo squaring the beam ends such hal both end plates ara paral! and the effect of Beam cambor does not resuk in outo-square end Plates which makes erecion ana fel up cific. 6 The use of his connection for we-sided beam-to-beam connections should be considered Carefully Instalaton of bots inthe end plates can cause dificult in his case. When ‘nequal sized beams ae used, spacial coping ofthe Bottom flange ofthe smaler beams ‘ny be requced fo prevent It fouling the Balls, Angles may be provided ae erection seats ‘Under te Bote flange (Figure 5) 7 Since the end plate Is Intended to behave Nexbly, damage of the end plate during transport is mat normally of concer ana may be rectiiag an sts 8 Tho filet weld should nat be cominved across the top and bottom of the plate Unioreiting of tie supported beam web during febrieatian (igure 6) fe to be avoided it tho wold i to comply with AS 1584, Pat * (Ret. 1). 18 Thinner ond plates may bow due to weld sivinkage during cooling. The moderate vate usualy involved should not be 9 problem ae the bots wil pul the plate towards the supporting mamber aa tne bolts are sng lightened (Figure 6). To reduce astorton a rinimum plate thickness of 10 mm is recommended 10 The conection has ite facy for site adjustment during erection. ina run of beams, 3 sighty shorter beam may be detailed and supplied wih packs of varying thickness In ‘6146 otako up any aceumulation of f-up tolerances 411 For coped beam, the top of the end plate and the bottom of the top flange cope cut ‘stould coincide (Figures 2,4) 12 Chock endplate component width to ensure that it wl ft botween iets of clumn section ‘when connecting to column web, ¢ terol on St elie, tet etn ms‘reson upon ma tt (ocnas anand FIGURE § ERECTION AIDS attr Rot 4) Sonnac wb fen pat Postini ‘ci roan 4) Ere plat - fl osion FIGURE 6 UNDERCUTTING OF WEB AND DISTORTION OF END PLATE DUE TO WELD fatter Re) BG ese ond pie aie, ten wm 5 COMPLIANCE WITH AS 4100 REQUIREMENTS FOR CONNECTIONS | ‘tne fexbie ond plas fs notional @ FLEXIELE CONNECTION within the torms of AS 4100 The exile ond Seaton 22 of Handbook 1 ofthis Publication. The requirements for ay i tee epaced In Clause 81-3 of AS 4100 (Ret. {) whch Is discussed In Secon 353 of Handbook. “The ductility necessary in he flesble end plate connection Is provides by the flloing sources (gue Tr — dsformaton of the bots along thelr as y Getormation ofthe ond plate by flexing out of plane, puling in towards the beam and focal ‘Setormation ofthe plate around the bois; — slippage ofthe endplate horizontally asthe plate deforms. itis considered that the available test data indicate that suficint ductiy is presen rom these 1 come ee neuble end pate connection To qualify a8 sutable for simple contruction in Reece Pt Tequrements of KS 4100, provided hat all the requirements ofthis Gesign model «ere oe tec mfaton on supported. member rotation ané the geometrical tntations Specined inthis Design Guide-are comple wit Beamon lps and ene fie cforms Cragg fr oy _— besin mel a8 heck 9 ELEVATION FIGURE 7 BEHAVIOUR OF FLEXIBLE END PLATE CONNECTION fatter Ret) ¢ sion te bata, et oon as6 BACKGROUND INFORMATION Research information ‘The following list of references relate to the testing of the flexible end plate connection. The reported behaviour “and design rocommendaions contained in these referencos. were ‘considered in formulating the design model used in his Design Guide Pham and Mansell (Refs. 6.7) = Bennetts eta (ret) — Kennedy (Ret. 9) ‘The general behaviour of the connection, as repoces by Kennedy, Is shown in Figure 8 from which i can be seen the Behaviour exits info phases-—viz: (1) unhindered rotatlon of the ‘connection; 2} lower beam flange bears against suppor. : = * (AES a Sutene een na = en tansos of y oer ar ane co 5 FIGURE 8 MOMENT:-ROTATION BEHAVIOUR OF FLEXIBLE END PLATE CONNECTION {after Kennesy, Ret.) [As a result of his tests, Kennedy was able to make the following statements regarding this onnection (‘Since the rotational stitess increased markodly when bearing on the colurn occurred, it ‘would be desirable for the curve to excaed the beam line before the flange comes int0 bearing none test, bearing eccuroa at the beam line, In-all athe tests, the rollin exceeded the beam line beter bearing occured. Thus tne beam would be caeying he Yield moment lore the lower flange hit the column and coping of the (beer) lenge would not be requires to lit the development of higher moments (i) ‘Ai least for tho portion of the curves up to beating on the flange, it appears that ‘olational fexblty ofthe conmestion inte the moment developable and hence the shear ‘apacy ofthe connection isnot appreciably reduced (ii) ‘Considering the ow ratio ofthe yolé moment developed by these connections at the beam Tne, the standars engineering pacice of reling the connections as heat onnzctons only appears to be justified. (ie) For a real beam with this type of connection, because of the foxy of the ond onnocton, the end moments developed fora given shear wil be smal andthe pant of ontallenure i loge to tha support, & ‘tate ons a Coens fs eton a Kennedys tts (Ref. 9) concentrated on measuring the rotational strength, tne stiness and the rotation capacity of this conection on a boam Yested in cantlever mde. This was to {doermine te momentrotation charsceristes of the connection. Kennedy dd rot attempt 12 measure the strength of the connection in vera! shear which is the mode in which the onnections primary used {A rotation of 0020 radians was ganealy below the level of rotation where the bottom flanges of Kennady’s experimental Beams came nto contact with the suppor. Likewise In Referonce 10, fests ineat that boams wih a span Yo depth rai less than 20-22 connected fo norrotatng Supports can be expected foreach a midepan Bending moment ofa east 98% ofthe plastic ‘moment capaety belore te botiom fange touches the supporting member. The conclusion ached in Rlarence 10 was again thal ond plate connections act ae simple connections. “Testing in Australia (Rel. 6, 7,8) in contast has concentrated on examining the connection in ‘Shoo wih the ends ofthe supported beam being fee to roteta, Those losis have ince tho connection possesses sufcint sirangin and ductity To justly te recommends ‘mode, the measured flue loads boing well above the design capacty calculated using the Feeommendas desgn mode. e soos os7 BASIS OF DESIGN MODEL ‘The recommended design modal In this Design Guide Weats the end plato as an extension of the supperea beam web, wih no bending assumed in either the bots, the wold or the plate (gure 10). ‘The Ametican inatiue of Stee! Construction (Re. 5) and the British Stoel Consruction Institute [Ret 4) adopt @ sar design mace, wih simiar assumptona to te recommended design model ‘The design capacty of the filet weld connecting the end plate to the supported momber is based on the assumption of vertical shear on ine filet weld, The design exprossion fs based on Section 4.11 of Handbook 1 ‘The design capacty of he bolts connecting the end pate to the supporting member is based on the asaumplion of vertical shear on tha bots. The design expression is based on Secon 3.8 of Handbook 1. Possible falure modes of bolt shear, bearing failure in the end plate, bearing faire in the supporting member, vrieal tear-ut in the end pate and supporting member are conicered The design capacty of the ond plato in vertical shear is based on the assumption of shear {sling through the gross sscton The design expression is based on Section of Handbook Te design capacity of tho supported momber web is derives assuming a uniform stress Alstibtion at fare along the length of web connected tothe and pate. The design expression Isbaced on Secon 6.2 of Hanabook 1 (Figuee 9), ‘Additional checks for coped supported members are based on the guidance contained in Sections 6.4 and 66 of Hancbook 1 os iL iat ovat SECTONAA FIGURE © SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION ASSUMED Supported beam Supporesboom Supporing ‘hearantor (teeter) FIGURE 10 BASIS OF DESIGN MODEL 8 FULL DEPTH END PLATES Wen using this connection, some designers and detalles are concerned wih possible damage {io te thin flexible end pate component during Wansportation ofthe Boa. In order to overcome this perceived afiuly. the endplate has sometimes been cari down othe Datom flange of the beam and welded to i In fac, minor damage to tne end plate curing anspor Is pot Signieant and may be rected on site without concer. This comment reflects the foct tha ignicant dofermaton lakes place iota encplate ncn load (see Section 6). End plats can be welded lo the top flange if desired without invalidating the recommended esign mode. End plates shoulé not be welded to the botiom flange as this invalidates the cecommended ‘Sesign modal, since the connection wll ol then be able to comply with DESIGN CHECK NO. 8 ‘hen the pits is welded to the baton ange, the connection wil vot around that point Figura 8} and here Is coubt as to whether the connection then remains a flexible connection ‘a indicated in gure 8, the connection behaves more like a semimighd connection when voting about the Bolom ofthe end pale ‘The Brish Stoel Construction Instiuta permite ther (smilae) design model to be used wire the end pate fe to the batom fange (Rel. 5) bul Is Design Guide does no (0 Accel rangarent (ey Arangument at eccnmencon FIGURE ‘1 END PLATE ARRANGEMENTS, ¢ ‘exe ond ae Cotacons, et etan goBG tented i es, et eon o CONNECTION GEOMETRY [DWC coped Baan OTE: a= 275 = Toll umber of ots in connect, FIGURE 12 CONNECTION GEOMETRY ign gi 40 RECOMMENDED DESIGN MODEL—SUMMARY OF CHECKS Design js based on determining Vax the design capacity of the connection, which is the ‘minimum ofthe design capaci Vy, Vn Vos Von Vo Vu Yo ‘Toe design requirement is thon Via 2 V" (design shear fore). From AS 4100 Clause 9.1.4(6)(i) (Ret. 1) this conection must be designed for a minimum feign shea force of 40 kN, or 0.19 » member design shear capacty, whichever i the lesser. Summary of checks 10.1 DESIGN CHECKNO.1 Detating liniations 10.2 DESIGN CHECK NO.2 Design eapacy of weld to supported member 102 DESIGN CHECK NO.3. Design capacity of bolt group 404 DESIGN CHECK NO, 4 Design capacity of end plate (Shear, block shear) 405 DESIGN CHECK NO.5 Detign capacty of supported member web (At end plat) 106 DESIGN CHECK NO.6 Design capacty of supported member (Shear—Uncoped or coped) 107 DESIGN CHECK NO. osgn pact of sunaiad amber Bening of coped 108 DESIGN CHECK NO. 8 Beam rotation check 409 DESIGN CHECK NO.9 Local stability of coped supported member 10,10 DESIGN CHECK NO. 10° Local eapsay of suppertin member ¢ tex en pt Eats, eon a410 RECOMMENDED DESIGN MODEL 10.1 DESIGN CHECK NO. 1— Detaling imitations Detailing limitations (Refer Figures 12.and 13) Weld Filet wel 1o both sides of supperted manber wat (6mm or 8 mm filet Wel, category SP Bolts M20.or M24 bolts {8.18 bolting category rmnimum row, maximum 9 roms of bots bot gauge 5, = range of 14x pate thickness (0) (Figuce 12) ‘max. 140 for 10 ck plato, tm. 90 for 10 tick plate Plate 10 mm thick (Grace 250 plate or Grade 300 flat bar ‘ini depth 6 20.5 x supported member depth, (Figure 13) ledge distances (minimum) vertally 154, ("bot lameter horzontaly 18h hole ciameotors 22 mm for M20 26 mim for 2s positioned as close a8 possible/practical to top Range or at cope (Fire 13) extremes maximum depth Conte by clearance requirements (DESIGN CHECK NO. 8) Supported membor Graces 300/350 Recommended end plate sizes up to 460UB cuppores member 150 « 10 plate (5, = 90), deeper than 460UB supported members 200 x 10 plate (5, * 140) Plaines 6, TS [y Bat metro <4pdje2amtor 24 mn aa ~ [\ racers [sete a per psrtng bean a ‘Suppared beam 2 Uy suppose team —I FIGURE 13. DETAILING LIVITATIONS OF DESIGN MODEL Sg rida es pte conor, et ton ae 10 RECOMMENDED DESIGN MODEL. 102 DESIGN CHECK NO. 2—Design ‘capacity of weld to supported member ‘Based on formula deed In Section 4.11 of Handbook 1 Design capacity of wel Ve = bod Where di = depth of web plate component (Figure 2) {ve = design capaciy of filet weld por unt length of weld (Table 25 of Hsndbook fico roe below) Wilds are filet welds an, for economy, should be sized to be single pass welds if possblo— this gonorally moan maar & mm filet waldo, aithough some welding procedures wil low {0mm single pass filet weld t0 be dopastid. Check Individual stations using 10:mm filet ‘Welds with abicators Before spectying, Welds would normaly be weld category SP. For wold category SP, vy * 0.835 kNimm — E4tIWYAOX electrodes, 6 mm filet = 0.978 xNimm — EABNSOX electrodes, 6 mn filet AAT RMImm — E&I/WEOX electrodes, 6 mm fot 1.30 tNimm — EASWSOX electrodes, 8 mm filet to web in shear: rs ne 4 oe fei ond oe conecton, tein10 RECOMMENDED DESIGN MODEL 103. DESIGN CHECK NO. 3—Design capacity of bolt group ‘Besed on formulae in Section 3.6 of Handbook 1 and using notation therein, Design capacity of bolts in end plate: MY = mon) Whore numberof bots my = 2ry = numberof bolt owe 0a design capacity of single bot in shear For economy, either 4.6 or 8.8 boting category is proorrad, 8.878 category is uneconomic since it has the same design capacity as 8.85 and requires tensioning, TF category Is LUneconomic and js not recommenced for other reasons (zee Nole 3m Section ofthis Deon ‘Guide and Sections 3.8 and 37 of Handbook #). In thi connection, $V ‘minimum of Vi OF ai Ve wine (Vs: pV = design shear capacity ofa single bal ether for treads included or ‘excluded from the shear plano; threads should nomally be assumed Inetaded inthe shear plane a 4Va) (b= 0.8) 8%. + minimum of 0.9 + 3.22 0.9% ef fl Fated to lor Beating failure ‘rend plat ter-out inthe end plate component (= 09) NOTE: Local .0aing or ond site tearout in suppring member sessed In DESIGN CHECK NO. 10 f= tensile strength of ene plate component ‘ = thickness of end pate component 4 bot diameter By min of fats aa fa = seit “ hole diameter Me = ‘sign capacy in shear for bolt wit threads included in the sear plane (Table 1 of Handbook 1) 92.8 AN for M20 bolt, 8.88 category 139 AN for M28 bol, 8.8/8 category 6 em (which i Uke), Clause 9-325 of AS 4100 ‘equios that the nominal shear capacity ofthe bat (Vs oF Vy a8 appropriate) be reduced by ‘6%. Tho thickness ofthe packing must not exceed 20 mn. Me e eee nat act, ton me 40 RECOMMENDED DESIGN MODEL 10.4 DESIGN CHECK NO. 4——Design ‘capacity of end plate (Shear block shar ‘Based on formulae in Secon 86 of Handbook 1 and using tation therein, Design capacity of flexible end plate in sh Ve = $10.55 4 20) where 4 = 0.9 vahere f= yl straas of and plata component 4 eng pate tickness = ond plate depth Design capacity of flexible ond plate in block shear: Ve a # 0.8% Ayd «2 where @ = 0175 (Section 5.4 of Handbook 1) y= tensile strength of end plate component y= veld stress of angle cleat component Aa Ayy= aroas defined in Figure 14 oo | Lame n= (00 ~ 080) 4 etm Hd =e amet ond pate thickness FIGURE 14 END PLATE BLOCK SHEAR AREAS IN CONNECTION COMPONENT ¢ testi en i tse etion woBased Design ca where RECOMMENDED DESIGN MODEL 10.5 DESIGN CHECK NO. 5—Desion capacity of supported member ob (At ond plate) ‘on formutse in Section 6.2 of Handbook 1 city of beam web in shear at end plate: Va= 810 8a 6) where $= 0.9 ‘nied stro of supported member wal ‘a= thickness of supported member web 4 = depth of end plate component 10 RECOMMENDED DESIGN MODEL 10.6 DESIGN CHECK NO. Design ‘capacity of supported member {(Shear—uncoped or coped) Design capacity of supported member in shear: V,= 4M for an uncoped bear © 6 for single web coped beam (Sexton 6.4 of Handbook 1) (Vn for a double web coped beam (Section 6.6 of Handbook 1) Since the design mament atthe conection wil oneal be ese than 0.754Hh, the design ' apaciy in sear wll not nee to be raced forthe presence of moment (taro Sectons 62 1 616 of Handbook 1). LUncoped beam (Section 6.2 of Handbook 1) (Section 6.2 o Handbook 1) We® 0.54 fae provided hc 82 (AS 4100 Clause 5.11.2) 2) where dy = depth of web panel = depth ofa section 4 = thickness of ange t= thickness ofthe web he = gross section © dye or walded sections) = da (for hotrod sections) = yl stress of web Single web coped beam (Section 6.4 of Handbook 1): fea ofthe web pve 09 Vow lela co Att (4S 4100 Clause 5.11.3) te = depth of wed remaining at cope 0, = fest moment of area of section at cope J, © second moment of atea of section at cope Double wab coped beam (Section 6.6 of Handbook 1): Maa 048% (terms as detined above) rs des oode 4 oe ‘vole na pina comestons fet etion4 RECOMMENDED DESIGN MODEL 10.7 DESIGN CHECK NO. 7—Design capacity of supported member {Bonding of coped section) Design capacity of coped supported member in bending: Vi. = t/a fora single web coped beam (Seaton 6.4 of Handbook 1), = bMude, for @ double web coped beam (Section 6 8 of Handbook 1) where: 0, = e+) (Figure 15) lahere ¢Mta= design capacty of single web coped section in bending ‘= dasign capacity ofa double web coped section In bending 0h ay requ consiceration of the fllowing — design section capacily sesuming that full paste moment ean be developed by the coped section — design section capacity conlderng local buckling af the coped section Formulae for bath altemaives are presente in Sections 6.4 and 6.6 of Handbook 1 and are not ‘epoateg here due othe extent of the equations volved fotos ‘eal secton 7 (aswe a 4 owe FIGURE 15 SUPPORTED COPED MEMBER—CRITICAL SECTION IN BENDING e text ent Pte, ton ae 10 RECOMMENDED DESIGN MODEL 10.8 DESIGN CHECK NO, 8—Boarn ‘elation check Touching ofthe beam lower flange against the support, even at quite high rotation, can be avoided by resticting the distance between the lower edge of the end plate and the lower Mange (2 n Figure 16), since tho cone of rotation of te convection has boon fund tobe very tose t0 tha botlom of the end pte. Cutting the end of te beam to avoid touching The Supporting momboris not normally cariod out and sould be avoided because ofthe cos Increased err dent aes fal oues he sigpra ener, he rio So Ss hose tate whey bean ton Fie 1) Tre it not applied to double web coped beams. Fr SWC ané DWC support members, the edge of the end plate should align with the cope {ut at tho fap or top and bottom respecvely (see Figure 18) T Pe FIGURE 16 CONNECTION PARAMETERS FOR SEAM ROTATION CHEOK ¢ Aenea, tt eon ae40 RECOMMENDED DESIGN MODEL 109 DESIGN CHECK NO. 9—Loc “stebilly of coped supported member str tr i Ten ewe FIGURE 17 LOCAL STABILITY OF SWC AND OWC BEAMS \Vihen the beam is restrained agains: lateral torsional bucling, no account need be taken of stably ofthe coped section provided the flowing conditions are met (based on Ret. 4) ‘Single web coped beam (SWVC) y= 058 end i Tet0% ore) Double web coped beam (OWC) ha doy 5 0.200 Loosé Le. Tontate WT whore fis = thickness of support member web fe © vel stress of supported member web Were the lenath ofthe cope exceeds the above limits, suitable web reinforcement should be provided ~eoler to Secon 6 10 of Handbook 1 ‘This design check apois tthe beam is restrained agains! lateral tersional buckling. Where ‘he beam unrestrained against lateral torsional Bucking, refer to Note 2 in Section 11 of hs Design Guide, e tenn os ia echo 10° RECOMMENDED DESIGN MODEL 10.10 DESIGN CHECK NO. 10—Local capacity of supporting member 10.101 Single-sded connsction aL 1 ry z ‘Tosuppring beam web i ‘Tosppertng Techn wb FIGURE 18 SUPPORTING MEMBERS WITH SUPPORTED MEMBERS ON ONE SIDE Local shear design capacity-supperting member we beam or column} OSV © 0.90 «0.5 chile (Section 2 of Handbook 1) OR Vo < 1.08h echt Local bearing design capacity~aupporting member (beam or column): osv [0.90 92 otf 0.9 yt aban (Geation 3.6 f Handbook 1) ORV < nfB.78 htt 18 aut felon vahere sla strength of supporing member (web or ange) 4, = thickness of upsonting member (web oF lange) Jn = yield sites of supporting member (web or ange) 4 = baltsiametor ae = (s-$-) c, = hole diameter = supporting beam shear transfer depth Sat (y— Ns, t05 (Ret.4) = minimum af; Se) (Ros) 8 = minimum of ey 5/2; Se) supponing beam we (Re 4) = minimum oF (5/2; Sch) supporting column web (Ret. 4) 5 bottpich ¢ ent ents See! etn a»410.102 Double-sided connection ae aor cert | sl Wy view Mea we Bad vent whe of if Teepe Teer sora inxs FIGURE 19. SUPPORTING MEMBERS WITH SUPPORTED MEMBERS ON TWO SIDES ‘Local shear design capacity—supporting member web (beam or column) 084; 22 +08¥; 5 0:90 0.60h.0%, (Section 62 of Handbook 1) OR MIEN 5 10a Local bearing design aptlty—supporting member web (bem or clam: 05M, (Section 3.6 of Handbook 1) 2B. poon824ufa eo eaten on MoM reat: Basten where he = tensile strength of supporting member web t= thickness of supporting member web fe fhe = lol stress of supporting member wob = bolt dlameter wo vovson erent, +8, (Ret 4) rniimar of (es: 592: 5 Sct) supporting beam wed (Ref) ‘minimum of 6/2: 5d) supporting column web (Ret 4) bat pten oa e sen | 11 orien oesion CONSIDERATIONS (1) Column design moment (Haven Vie tu! 2910004m connection 1 columa wed + Vee 12)1000 kN connection to ctumn ange ire. = but must be 2100 mm (AS 4100 Clause 43) Since n= 100mm e100 men mi aps foe = colt web thickness (nm) = column dept (rm) (2) Coping of beam ends may reduce the ease ciical bucking moment of a ltrsly Unsupported Nexual member In AS 4100 (Ret 1) no specie guidance e given about he eet of web coping onthe Sealing easel ofa ataratyunteseined coped beam, but woul! be grunt to athar perform a bucking analysis fermi by Cause 8.04) cr assume ony paral eta at {Ns coped end whi ealuatng tne twit rent facor (tj and foal estan for (kp won sng Clause 802° A t va of 1.0 shou aways be used for suppried Irambere connected by tne floxble on pat ony, talhar te members re oped of {romps cue to he lack of rsa he tp Range, untess the eno plate welded 10 theo fare Some rteronces reaver io ths males ae dscused in Secton 6. of Handbook 1 Speci gultance fr avatabe i Reference © ¢ eat tt ten a12 REFERENCES 13° DESIGN EXAMPLE 19.4 Design example No, t= ‘Connection eapacty with single-sided coped FEP Connection to supporting UB 2 AUSTRALIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION, ‘Design of structural Connection’ 4 edton, Ashore Hogan, Ts, and Thomas, LR. Edie Syam, AA, 1894, 3. AUSTRALIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION, ‘Standardized structural connections, 3 elon, 198. 4 STEEL CONSTRUCTION INSTITUTE AND BRITISH CONSTRUCTIONAL STEELWORK ASSOCIATION, "Joints In steel constuction: Simple connections’, Publication F212, 2002, 5 AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION, ‘See! consiucion manual, 13" eeiion, 2005. | STANDARDS AUSTRALIA, AS 4100-1998 Ste! structures | To agar ee 6 Mansel, 0.5. and Pham, ‘Tsting of standareized connection’ nstuton of Engineers SE mite ‘Astral, Metal Stvcures Conference 1881, Proceedings, p. 107 foe Ss 7 Pham, L. and Mansel, 0.8. "Testing of standardized connections’ Australian Welding Bers esegry search, Val. 11, December 1982, p15. 8 Bennetts, D., Thomas, LR. and Grundy, P. ‘Shear connections for beams to columns” Inatttion of Engineors Austalla, Metal Strucures Conference, 1878, Proceedings, p70, FIGURE 20 SINGLE-SIDED COPED FEP CONNECTION TO SUPPORTING UB, 9 Kennedy, D.J.L, ‘Moment-rotation characteristics of shear connections’, American nn eae Institute of Steel Construction, Engineering Journal, Vol. 6, No, 4, Oct 1969, p. 108. End plate 4 3x70=210mm a Fa so San Doe cay tse, {fetus hin, corn hcsonret a a eet es era ee de ae > Se papers t Bolts M20 bolts B.BN/S category $V," 926KN (threads included) ae eee eet eons . ieer ome cere reaug nant member wed (Grade 300}: 6, 21199; 400}, = 100 mm 1962; 45; 100}in = 45 mm ee oer | ees come i Ss SS eee connues | | 201088 estgery cowPues | ‘edge dstances = 90 mm 21.5 c= 20 mm comPLies | 150 10 plate—as recommended plate size COMPLIES | e merece a= ¢ peters oon teeee os| DESIGN CHECK No.2 Ve = 09782 210 8 411 IN DESIGN CHECK NO. 3, $¥e2 9264N My = 09% 32 «20% 10 440/107 = 253 KN or 09494410 440010" = 1964N Vy = (02.6; 259; 135In0 = 820 KN We 22x90 925 = 556 kN DESIGN CHECK NO. 4 Design capacity of flexible nd plate In shear: Ve = 09%05%320%10%2% 210/10" 605 XN Design capacity of flexible endplate in block shear: ‘Aq = (30-05 «22) 10 = 190 mm? Age # (25+ (9= 1) 70) «10 21750 mnt 100 440 +06 320 1750 ts Ve = 075 8: 1.2 = 620KN DESIGN CHECK NO. 5 Design capacity of beam web In shear at endplate: 9906132076210 1 2764 DESIGN CHECK NO. 6. Single web coped supported member Design capacity of supported member in shear: Vi = QV = 387 KN (Table 324 in Handbook 1) DESIGN CHECK NO. 7 Single wob copod supported member Design capacity of oped supported member in bending OMe = 972k (able 33 in Handbook 1) = 120440" 190mm | 812108 120 yw 740M e ovon suite we DESIGN CHECK NO. 8 a, = 403 100- 140-35 = 128 mm a.m oe Wi te bottom clearance avaiable (fom a= 16), the rotatlon cous go upto 1116.0 = 0.0625 racians without the bottom Range touching the supper. 160 DESIGN CHECK NO. 9 Single web coped supporiod member, restrained against lateral torsional buckling so d= A0smm 1278 dha=59> 22as03 co = 10mm s BOOMS 459 conrues 320" (53° vee 50 veg Lapreeepeseiee 044 KN SATISFACTORY «a [Emsoset, sett) anyy—_sanFACTORY DESIGN CAPACITY OF CONNECTION Vine # minimum of [414 556; 605; 629; 276; 397; 748] = 276 KN > vie 2504N ‘SATISFACTORY rs some aa tana wos pte conection, at on14 DESIGNCAPACITY TABLES 14.1 Configuration A—Membs >500 mm deep Component: 200. 10 at ber or pate Ws 6 mm fila bath sides, 48K electrodes Bolts N20 BIS bolting category (hreads included inthe shear plane) Note For connections to column flanges ar webs check prefrred gauge lines (Refer Handbook 1, Tables 40 and 41) m 4 It th Lge " 7 ff ree ——tss ttt EE ata wo open Congoant 019 9a of FIGURE 21. GEOMETRY CONFIGURATION A-MEMBER » 500 NM DEEP rs gn ite 4 om TABLE 4 FLEXIBLE END PLATE DESIGN CAPACITY TABLE ‘CONFIGURATION A~-MEMBER > 500 MM DEEP rp ‘suppored | Copngon | emi suc | tase | 1096 | pwe |__| sos _ wwe 0 tei) 1005 snc | i232 | 095 owe | 055_| sar one ° oss) 857 TT swe 92 03 wc zat Soe wuss | 0 510 wou 0 799 Cr a 387 ae we st se Design capt in tate darvad from DESIGN CHECKS 1 106 ony. DESIGN CHECKS 7 o 10 must to Mem) Teta number oft ine) ame Enya ON of Yl na—componet dn eee han 5% Dua sh, entenon wt mpi saces tle of bald ine component wl not inte supported member wab with = 00. I packer 26 rim aod 20mm (max) ave roauved between the st pale sea auppat (wich 6 nol tammon pacice)Cluao 02.5 of AS 4T0D (Ret 1) requtes the nomial bat Shas capacty (Vi) Be Component: 200. 10a bar or plate e sexi on ot Soran, et oon a14 DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES 142 Contgwation B—Hombor ‘<500 nm deep Component: 150 » 10 Mat ber or plato Wola 6 mm filet bth ides, E48KX electrodes Bolts 20 8. boating category (treads ineuded in the shear pane) Notes ‘acimension 100 generally 70 for sections 200mm deep For connections io column lange or webs check pretrred gauge lines (Refer Handbook 1, Tables 40 and 4), copa bom Sale med coped bom la ats. om { +1 m1 ov UEDA = a anger 0 0p ttbr FIGURE 22 GEOMETRY CONFIGURATION B-MEMBER « 600 MM DEEP e evan gue « on TABLE 2 FLEXIBLE END PLATE DESIGN CAPACITY TABLE ‘CONFIGURATION B-MEMBER > 350 MM GUT ~ 500 MM DEEP opps | cong on i waausaz | 0 "aso ewe | om | ae sve | ae | to oue_|_‘so_| Ser ove soo | fo swe | ae one 2 aT |B. SHE Ht ae Lone || ae Design capacity in table dared tam DESIGN CHECKS + to 6 any. DESIGN Mee) Total numberof ots in f= 1) m8 ‘ep, conigration not recommended Empty spaces to Io of Bol ne-—component wil ot le supported mame Ir packers 261m and <20 mm (max) are raquo between the ord plate ane fupport (which ls et ebmmon pracics), Cleuso 9.32'5 of AS 4700 (Re. 1) roquves the nomina bolt hoor capac [be redugod by 15% and may ater Component: 150 «10 at ba or plate Weld Dimensions: Refer to Figure 22, 6 am let both sides, CAOXX electrodes, category SP 120 8 BIS bolting category (threads inlued inthe shear plane) 100 mm acon ie aTABLE 3 TABLE 4 FLEXIBLE END PLATE DESIGN CAPACITY TABLE FLEXIBLE END PLATE DESIGN CAPACITY TABLE "CONFIGURATION 8 -MEMBER > 250 M BUT CONFIGURATION BMEMBER 200 MM DEEP “250 HM DEEP NOTE: a= 700 thse section Supporea sppertes | Coping om member ‘component 150 x 10 fatbar or Supported | Coping o plate wouBse2 weld {om fet both | aauem | 6.36 Sides, 48x . ae owe ‘ar a tategory SP j “moves | 0. 9N6 ro Bolts: 2088/8 bong | owe 17 oo category (reads | meouz3 | 0. SNe “at ‘ntoded inne | shear plane) wie sot PFS Dimensions = Rofo fo Figure 22 woe? | 6, 5He “ee TOC Torre | 0. 9we 137 owe at TOUT aooprc | 0. 5We 15 OUT pr cl wauees | 0. 5HE 2 we 0 ry weaves | 0,506 ‘8 owe set UBETS neoucesa | 0, 84E 7 Nores aUBIs7 Design capacity in eerie rom DESIGN CHECKS 1 to 8 sniyOESIGN CHECKS 7 o Torus care oti aon, FT Mens) Toll number tale oe 9) 4 ° Uncopes ROE Swe Sng wed coped OUTS I pockare 26 um and :20 mm (rise) at reauited between the tnd plate and upp unc sr onenon paca) Cause nares S32'5 of-AS S100 [Ret 1} requires tha nominal Bot ahoet ign capa in able devs Hom DESIGN CHECKS 11 6 oly. DESIGN CHECKS 7 to 10 mst fanocly{¥be recused by 19% ane ay ae vata cen Secaricg aun aan ‘Specter sec 109 " enh Taranto ome | Component: 150 10 fat br or pate excesses Weta ‘mm let bot ids, E4BXX oactodes, catagory SP DWE Bole wed coped Botts 1208.18 bolting category (tread inched in the shea lane) Eng tn a Bo nectar deh ett taeecoet at nase rcan aioe rane ‘Empty spacer Io ef of ols lne—componet wi tt into supped nanber web with 2 Ir packets 28 mm ond <20 mm (na) are reqradDotween the ond plate and suppor (wich nt aon pratos), Clause 9325 of AS 410 (Rl 1) rues ine nomnal bl shes capo (1) be ‘ued ty 18% and may aleve cel capac table—efer Seaton 10°. rs esa os two an St aaa, eon Sa tere oe t,t ton w-APPENODK A~Limcon software At Introduction [ALA General “Ths Appendix contains the ouput trom the Limoon computer program for Example + (Section 3.0) Getaled calclaions for which are included inthe Design Guide, Lncon underiakos all DESIGN CHECKS set out inthe ASI design model and Isis the capacty and capacty ratio for ‘each limit stale. A dolal diagram is included atthe beginning ofthe Limcon output. A vitual Fealiy image of the connection ean be displayed on the computer screen to acitae chacking NOTE: To exeress th raul ofeach lint sal check Loon vos the expat ratio. Ths ste alo Sih den sy dn son tt dhe mm epoch te a sae |A12 DESIGN CHECK NO, 7—Coped beam bending Lmcon also reports the calculated maximum permissible cope length, This isthe logth of cope ‘ahich the coped beam bending check becomes crtial, otter limit states not Being consisered [843 DESIGN CHECK NO. &—Beam rotation It non-zero span has been entered, Limcon computes the beam end rotation and the ene Foiation at contact, assuming thatthe design shear Is Gue to a uniformly dsinbute load. The ‘contac oiatlon capacty isthe shear corresponding Io the end rotation at contact, [AAA DESIGN CHECK NO. 9Coped beam buckling “Athough not required inthe ASI design mode, a check onthe local Bucking capacity of coped ‘eames reported in the Lion output The estimated maximum permissible cope length based ‘onthe coped secten Bucking check s reported rs roan eee 4 ws APPENDIX A Limcon V3 [Az _Limcon output—Design example No. 1—Connection capacity with ‘single-sided coped FEP ‘Connection to supporting UB Fanasage on e tes at2500 guie 4 oe ensue mn tint ta ton SZ tere on tty tt eten