1

Answer ALL questions.

1 The melting points of three related compounds are:
Compound
A
B
C

Melting point (C)

4
82
63

The boiling point of all these compounds is above 100 C.

(a) Use the grid to draw a bar chart of the melting points.

(2)

(b) Room temperature has been marked on the grid.

Use your bar chart to give the physical state of each compound at room
temperature.
(3)
Compound
A
B
C

Physical state

(Total for Question 1 = 5 marks)

2 Aqueous sodium chloride is electrolysed in the laboratory using carbon electrodes.

Gases are evolved at both electrodes.
(a) Draw a labelled diagram on the set-up of the apparatus for the above electrolysis.
(3)

(b) Suggest one chemical test to show that the gas evolved at the cathode is
hydrogen.

(2)

......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(c) Identify the gas released at the anode.

(1)

......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................

(d) Write the half equation for the reaction at anode.

(1)

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(e) (i) Write the half equation for the reaction at anode if the aqueous solution of
sodium chloride is replaced with concentrated sodium chloride solution. (1)
.......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................

10.5 F of electricity was passed through a concentrated solution of sodium chloride.

(ii) Calculate the amount, in moles, of chlorine produced.

(1)

(iii) Calculate the volume of chlorine formed.

(One mole of a gas occupies 24 dm 3 at this temperature and pressure)
(2)

(Total for Question 2 = 11 marks)

5

3 An excess of dilute hydrochloric acid was added to a lump of calcium carbonate in

a beaker. The mass of the beaker and contents was recorded every one minute.
The graph shows the results.

(a) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction above.

(2)

......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(b) State two observations that can be made when dilute hydrochloric acid is added
to calcium carbonate.
(2)
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................

(c) Suggest a test and the result for the gas released in this experiment.

(2)

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(d) Comment on the relationship between the mass of the beaker and contents, and
the time based on the graph given.
(2)
......................................................................................................................................
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(e) (i) After how many minutes did the rate of the reaction became zero?

(1)

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(ii) State why the rate of the reaction became zero?

(1)

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(f) Identify the compounds, other than water, present in the solution in the beaker
(i) after two minutes

(1)

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(ii) after five minutes

(1)

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(g) The experiment was repeated using the same mass of powdered calcium
carbonate instead of a single lump.
On the graph in Question 3, sketch the curve you would expect to obtain from
this second experiment. Label the graph as EXP2.
(2)
(g) The experiment was again repeated using the twice of initial mass of powdered
calcium carbonate.
On the graph in Question 3, sketch the curve you would expect to obtain from
this third experiment. Label the graph as EXP3.
(2)
(Total for Question 3 = 16 marks)
4 A student set up an apparatus to measure the volume of carbon dioxide given off
when a sample of a carbonate of a Group 2 metal was reacted with dilute nitric
acid.
She weighed out some of the carbonate and put it in a conical flask. She then
added an excess of dilute nitric acid.
After adding the acid she placed the bung and delivery tube into the conical flask.
She measured the total volume of gas collected at room temperature and
pressure (rtp) in the measuring cylinder. Her results are shown in the table.

Mass of Group 2 carbonate

2.58 g

Volume of the gas collected

156 cm3

(a) Draw a labelled diagram on the set-up of the apparatus for collecting the gas.
(3)

The equation for the reaction is

XCO3(s) + 2HNO3(aq) X(NO3)2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
where X is the symbol for the Group 2 metal.
(a) (i) Calculate the amount, in moles, of carbon dioxide gas collected.
(Assume that one mole of gas has a volume of 24 000 cm 3 at rtp)

(2)

Amount of carbon dioxide gas collected = .......................................................mol

(ii) Calculate the amount, in grams, of the carbonate that remains unreacted. (3)

Amount of carbonate unreacted = ........................................................ mol

(iii) Calculate the relative formula mass (Mr) of this carbonate.
Give your answer to the nearest whole number.

(2)

Relative formula mass = ..............................................................

(Total for Question 4 = 10 marks)

5 Bromine, chlorine, fluorine and iodine are elements in Group 7 of the Periodic
Table.
(a) Which one of these elements has the highest boiling point?

(1)

......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(b) The equation for the reaction between hydrogen and chlorine is
H2 + Cl2 2HCl
Different names are used for the product, depending on its state symbol.
(i) What are the names used for HCl(g) and HCl(aq)?

(2)

HCl(g) ...........................................................................................................................
...........
HCl(aq) .........................................................................................................................
.............
(ii) The presence of HCl(g) can be confirmed by adding ammonia (NH 3) gas.
State the observation in the reaction between HCl(g) and ammonia gas

(1)

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.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
(iii) State one change to magnesium ribbon that could be seen after adding it
to HCl (aq).

(1)

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(iv) What is the colour change of the litmus paper when tested with HCl (aq)?

(1)

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(Total for Question 5 = 6 marks)
6 (a) The table shows some results of the electrolysis of aqueous solutions using
inert electrodes. The solutions were electrolysed under the same conditions.
Use the information given to complete the table.
(4)
Solution

Product at the
negative electrode

Product at the
positive electrode

Copper(II) sulfate

copper

oxygen

Potassium sulfate
Silver nitrate

Substance left in
the solution at the
end of the
electrolysis
sulfuric acid

oxygen
silver

Silver sulfate
Potassium nitrate

sulfuric acid
hydrogen

(b) Water can be decomposed by electrolysis using this apparatus.

(i) Suggest two suitable elements for the inert electrodes.

(2)

......................................................................................................................................

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(ii) Write the half equations at the anode and cathode.

(2)

Anode
......................................................................................................................................
Cathode
......................................................................................................................................
(c) (i) Write the overall equation for the decomposition of water

(1)

......................................................................................................................................
(ii) Explain why the volume of hydrogen collected should be twice that of the volume
of oxygen.
(1)
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(d) The equation represents the formation of hydrogen gas at the negative
electrode.
2H2O(l) + 2e 2OH(aq) + H2(g)
During electrolysis, 60500 coulombs were passed through the solution.
Calculate the amount, in moles, of hydrogen gas formed.
[One faraday = 96 500 coulombs]
(2)

Amount of hydrogen gas formed = .......................................... mol

(Total for Question 6 = 12 marks)
TOTAL FOR PAPER = 60 MARKS
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