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Scrambler
Descrambler
Video/audio/data
Scrambling subsystem
Decrypter
Encrypter
Ks
Entitlement
control
messages
(ECM)
Encrypter
Entitlement
management
messages
(EMM)
Kw
Viewing
enable/disable
Decrypter
10
NHK STRL
Lecture
Principle
Features
Input
data
Encrypted
data
PN sequence
generator
Key (Ks)
Application Examples
Processing speed:
- Satellite television,
High-speed processing easily
Hi-Vision audio (MUSE
achieved.
Hi-Vision broadcasts only)
Security:
- Digital television
A difference in 1 bit (or byte)
in the input stream generates
a difference of 1 bit (or byte)
in encrypted output.
Input
data
Encrypted
data
Block
encryption
Key (Ks)
NHK STRL
Processing speed:
- Data encryption in
High-speed processing difficult
communications
for a highly secure system.
- Digital television
Security:
A difference in 1 bit in the input
stream usually generates a
change in many bits.
11
64-bit key
CBC mode
Block
length = 8
TS data
before
encryption
Header part
(MPEG section format)
MULTI2
cipher
reg
Encrypted
TS data
64bit
ECM
CRC
8 N [bit]
32bit
reg
Header part
(MPEG section format)
Block
length = 8
OFB mode
CRC
8 N [bit]
32bit
12
64bit
EMM
NHK STRL
Lecture
Tuner
Demux
Descrambler
Digital signal
decoder
Monitor
Receiver unit
Figure 4: Conditional access receiver configurations and interface comparison
References
(1) ITU-R Rec. BT.810 : Conditional-access broadcasting systems
(1992.9)
(2) ISO/IEC 13818-1:2000, "Information Technology-Generic
Coding of Moving pictures and Associated Audio InformationPart1: Systems"
(3) W.G. Mooji : Conditional access systems for digital television,
International Broadcasting Convention, IEE Conference
Publications, No. 397, pp. 489-491 (1994.9)
NHK STRL
13