Life

Pre-intermediate Unit 2b
have to, have got to, dont have to, must and mustnt

RULES FOR WAITERS

#Work starts at five. You mustnt be late.
#You have to wash your hands before you start work.
#You dont have to wear a uniform. Black trousers and
a white shirt are fine.
#You must be polite to customers at all times!

Presentation
Use have to, must and mustnt to talk about obligation.

Affirmative and negative

Use dont have to to say that there is no obligation to do

something.
dont have to doesnt mean the same as mustnt

You dont have to do it. = It isnt necessary.
You mustnt do it = Dont do it!
have got to means the same as have to

Youve got to wash your hands. = You have to wash your
hands. (have got to is informal.)
TIP There isnt much difference between have to and
must. You can use must to talk about personal
obligations:
I must lose some weight.
Have to is more impersonal:
Police officers have to wear a uniform.

I
You
We
They

have to
dont have to

He
She

has to
doesnt have to

wear a uniform.

Yes/No questions
Do

I / you / we / they

Does

he / she

wear a
uniform?

have to

Short answers
Yes,

No,

I / you / we / they

do.

he / she

does.

I / you / we / they

dont.

he / she

doesnt.

Key vocabulary Work: clean the kitchen, clear the table, cook the food, job, job description, rules, serve the
customers, tidy the clothes, wear a uniform
Clothes: shirt, trousers, uniform

Practical Grammar 1

1

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Pre-intermediate Unit 2b
Exercises
1 Choose the correct forms.
1 Shop assistants must / mustnt be polite to customers.
2 Teachers have to / dont have to wear a uniform.
3 Nurses must / dont have to wash their hands.
4 Engineers have to / dont have to get a special qualification.
5 Taxi drivers in the UK dont have to / mustnt drive on the right.
6 Police officers have to / mustnt wear a uniform.
7 Waiters have to / dont have to cook the food.
8 Journalists have to / dont have to ask questions.

2  Complete the conversations about jobs with do, does, have to, has to or mustnt.
Then listen and check. What are the jobs in conversations 1 and 2?

Conversation 1
A: What time do you start work?
have to
B: I 1
be there at nine oclock. 2
be late.
3
4
A:
you
wear a uniform?
5
B: Yes, I
.
A: What jobs 6
you 7
do?
8
B: I
clean the restaurant and serve the customers.
Conversation 2
C: Does Emily like her new job?
D: Yes, because she doesnt 9
get up early! The shop doesnt open until ten.
10
11
C:
she
serve the customers?
12
13
D: Yes, she
. And she
tidy the clothes.
C: Can she smoke?
D: No, she 14
smoke in the shop so she 15
smoke on the street.

3 Look at the rules and the job descriptions. Write sentences about Paolo and Macy. Use has
to, doesnt have to or mustnt.

Paulo has to cook the food.

Macy doesnt have to cook the food.
2 smoke
Paulo and Macy
3 tables Paulo

Macy
4 uniform Paulo and Macy
5 late
Paulo and Macy
6 customers Paulo

Macy
1 food

Practical Grammar 1

RULES

Work starts at nine - dont be late

No smoking
Wear a uniform
JOB DESCRIPTIONS
Paolo: Cook the food

Macy: C lear the tables, serve

the customers

2

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