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It is the term usually employed for the processes other than scouring, bleaching, dyeing
or printing, to which the fabrics are subjected to improve their appearance, properties and
serviceability.
Types of finishing
Mechanical Chemical
Textile requires drying after coloration and / or washing. This is carried out in two stages:
Working principle:
Fabric is cut at a high speed (as high as 90 m/min) by a round rotating knife along the
needle drop. Needle drop is fed to the knife of the machine continuously with the
combined help of centering unit and pulley drive or rope opener.
Functions:
Main parts:
a. Turn table
b. Rope squeezer
c. Pulley drive / Rope opener
d. Centering unit
e. Padder
f. Plaiter
Squeezer
Functions:
Main parts:
a. Turn table
b. Ring gate
c. Pulley drive or Rope opener
d. Width adjusting device popularly known as shape
e. Back padder
f. Front padder with chemical trough
g. Plaiter
Hydro extractor
Feature:
Main parts:
a. Top lid
b. Main body / Basket
c. Motor
d. Perforated tank
Function:
Now heat can be applied to dry the fabric from which access water is removed by using
the following machines:
STENTER
It is the usually the most expensive, largest and important machine in finishing section.
By controlling the finished length and width of the fabric it gives an effect on the
appearance, handle and properties of finished fabric.
• Centering device
• Spreading roller
• Padder
• Chemical trough
• Scanner (4 or 6)
• Bias controlling roller
• Bowing controlling roller
Drying zone:
• Panel board
• Over feed roller
• Feed in roller
• Edge guide / Selvedge decurler
• Chain rail
• Pin hanger with pin
• Pin gripping wheel
• Brush wheel
• Automatic lubrication system
• Drying chamber (6 or 8)
• Gas burner
• Hot air circulating fan
• Exhaust fan
• Trimmer / Edge cutter
• Cooling cylinder
• Plaiter / Batching device
Function:
Compacting or anti shrinkage finishing is done by using heat and pressure. The principle
is to allow the fabric to wet by applying steam in relax condition by overfeeding
mechanism and finally drying out the fabric rapidly with the help of heat under pressure.
Shrinkage controlling in compactor machine is more stable than dryer or stenter machine.