i

IMPACT OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY CHANGES IN NETWORKS AMONG

THE PEOPLE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO 3G TECHNOLOGY

ABSTRACT

The emerging technologies in the field of telecommunications enable access to

high speed data services through mobile handsets and portable modems over the mobile
networks. The recent statistics also shows the use of mobile broad band services are
increasing and gaining popularity. In this project, we have investigated the impact of
modern technology changes in networks among the people with reference to 3G
technology. The existing technology like broadband, GPRS, Wi-Fi technology is
compared with the 3G technology.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................1
1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND................................................................................1
1.1.1 .Telecom Industry................................................................................................4
1.1.2 Major Players.....................................................................................................4
1.1.3 What is 3G?........................................................................................................5
1.1.4 Evolution of 3G Technology:..............................................................................6
1.1.5 The 3G Policy In Brief:.......................................................................................7
1.1.6 Impact Of The 3G Technology:...........................................................................9
1.1.7 The effects of 3G on society..............................................................................10
1.1.8 Company Profile...............................................................................................11

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1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEM.....................................................................13
1.3 NEED FOR THE STUDY....................................................................................13
1.4 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF THE STUDY....................................................13
CHAPTER 2..............................................................................................................14
LITERATURE SURVEY.............................................................................................14
2.1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE.................................................................................14
2.2 RESEARCH GAP.................................................................................................15
CHAPTER 3..............................................................................................................16
METHODOLOGY......................................................................................................16
3.1 TYPE OF PROJECT: SURVEY TYPE.................................................................16
3.2 TARGET RESPONDENTS...................................................................................16
3.3 ASSUMPTIONS, CONSTRAINTS........................................................................16
3.4 PROPOSED SAMPLING METHODS.................................................................17
3.4.1 Sampling Technique..........................................................................................17
3.4.2 Sampling Procedure Actually Employed:.........................................................17
3.5 DATA PROCESSING...........................................................................................17
3.6 TOOLS FOR ANALYSIS......................................................................................18
CHAPTER 4..............................................................................................................19
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION..............................................................19
4.1 DATA ANALYSIS..................................................................................................19
4.2 DATA INTERPRETATION...................................................................................43
CHAPTER 5..............................................................................................................51
CONCLUSION...........................................................................................................51
5.1 SUMMARIES OF FINDINGS:............................................................................51
5.2 SUGGESTIONS...................................................................................................54
5.3 CONCLUSION.....................................................................................................56
APPENDIX...............................................................................................................57
A1 QUESTIONAIRE..................................................................................................57

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REFERENCES.........................................................................................................62

LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 4.1 :- AGE..............................................................................................................20
TABLE 4.2 :- GENDER......................................................................................................21
TABLE 4.3:-EDUCATION.................................................................................................22
TABLE 4.4:- OCCUPATION..............................................................................................23
TABLE 4.5:- ARE YOU USING 3G TECHNOLOGY.................................................................24
TABLE 4.6:- HOW LONG YOU USE 3G TECHNOLOGY.........................................................25
TABLE 4.7:- HOW DO YOU KNOW ABOUT 3G TECHNOLOGY..............................................26
TABLE 4.8:- HAVE YOU USED THE GPRS TECHNOLOGY EARLIER.....................................27
TABLE 4.9:- DO YOU USE 3G TECHNOLOGY FOR...............................................................28
TABLE 4.10:- WHERE DID YOU USE THE 3G TECHNOLOGY MOST......................................29
TABLE 4.11:- WHAT IS THE TIME YOU USE THE 3G TECHNOLOGY MOST...........................30
TABLE 4.12:- HAVE YOU USED THE GPRS EARLIER..........................................................31
TABLE 4.13:- REASON FOR SWITCH OVER FROM GPRS TO 3G.........................................32

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TABLE 4.14:- MENTION THE USAGE LEVEL OF THE 3G TECHNOLOGY ...............................33
TABLE 4.15:- MENTION THE SATISFACTION LEVEL OF THE 3G TECHNOLOGY ABOUT YOUR
REQUIREMENT............................................................................................................34

TABLE 4.16:- . ARE YOU SATISFACTION LEVEL ABOUT THE TARIFFS OF 3G FACILITY.......35
TABLE 4.17:- HAVE YOU USED ALL THE FACILITIES IN 3G................................................36
TABLE 4.18:- DO YOU KNOW ABOUT ALL THE FEATURES AVAILABLE IN 3G TECHNOLOGY
...................................................................................................................................37
TABLE 4.19:- DO YOU KNOW THE DRAWBACKS OF ABOUT 3G TECHNOLOGY...................38
TABLE 4.20:- DO YOU THINK THAT THE 3G TECHNOLOGY IS ESSENTIAL FOR ALL...........39
TABLE 4.21:- DO YOU NEED SOME CHANGES IN THE 3G TECHNOLOGY............................40
TABLE 4.22:- DO YOU NEED THE CHANGES IN...................................................................41
TABLE 4.23:- HAVE YOU REFER YOUR FRIENDS/ RELATIVES ABOUT THE 3G TECHNOLOGY
...................................................................................................................................42

LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE 4.1:- AGE..............................................................................................................20
FIGURE 4.2:-GENDER.......................................................................................................21
FIGURE 4.3:-EDUCATION................................................................................................22
FIGURE 4.4:- OCCUPATION.............................................................................................23
FIGURE 4.5:- ARE YOU USING 3G TECHNOLOGY................................................................24
FIGURE 4.6:- HOW LONG YOU USE 3G TECHNOLOGY........................................................25
FIGURE 4.7:- :- HOW DO YOU KNOW ABOUT 3G TECHNOLOGY.........................................26
FIGURE 4.8:- HAVE YOU USED THE GPRS TECHNOLOGY EARLIER....................................27
FIGURE 4.9 DO YOU USE 3G TECHNOLOGY FOR................................................................28
FIGURE 4.10:- WHERE DID YOU USE THE 3G TECHNOLOGY MOST....................................29

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FIGURE 4.11:- WHAT IS THE TIME YOU USE THE 3G TECHNOLOGY MOST .........................30
FIGURE 4.12:- HAVE YOU USED THE GPRS EARLIER.........................................................31
FIGURE 4.13:- REASON FOR SWITCH OVER FROM GPRS TO 3G........................................32
FIGURE 4.14:- MENTION THE USAGE LEVEL OF THE 3G TECHNOLOGY.............................33
FIGURE 4.15:- MENTION THE SATISFACTION LEVEL OF THE 3G TECHNOLOGY ABOUT YOUR
REQUIREMENT............................................................................................................34

FIGURE 4.16:- . ARE YOU SATISFACTION LEVEL ABOUT THE TARIFFS OF 3G FACILITY......35
FIGURE 4.17:- HAVE YOU USED ALL THE FACILITIES IN 3G...............................................36
FIGURE 4.18:- DO YOU KNOW ABOUT ALL THE FEATURES AVAILABLE IN 3G TECHNOLOGY
...................................................................................................................................37
FIGURE 4.19:- DO YOU KNOW THE DRAWBACKS OF ABOUT 3G TECHNOLOGY..................38
FIGURE 4.20:- :- DO YOU THINK THAT THE 3G TECHNOLOGY IS ESSENTIAL FOR ALL.......39
FIGURE 4.21:- DO YOU NEED SOME CHANGES IN THE 3G TECHNOLOGY...........................40
FIGURE 4.22:- DO YOU NEED THE CHANGES IN.................................................................41
FIGURE 4.23:- HAVE YOU REFER YOUR FRIENDS/ RELATIVES ABOUT THE 3G TECHNOLOGY
...................................................................................................................................42

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
BSNL
GPRS
UMTS
VAS
GSM
HSDPA
W-CDMA
SCDMA
MTNL

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd

General Packet Radio Service
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
Value Added Services
Global System for Mobile Communications
High-Speed Downlink Packet Access
Wireless Code Division Multiple Access
Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access
Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND

The first pre-commercial 3G network was launched by NTT DoCoMo in Japan
branded FOMA, in May 2001 on a pre-release of W-CDMA technology. The first
commercial launch of 3G was also by NTT DoCoMo in Japan on 1 October 2001,
although it was initially somewhat limited in scope; broader availability was delayed by
apparent concerns over reliability. The second network to go commercially live was by
SK Telecom in South Korea on the 1xEV-DO technology in January 2002. By May 2002
the second South Korean 3G network was by KT on EV-DO and thus the Koreans were
the first to see competition among 3G operators.
The first European pre-commercial network was at the Isle of Man by Manx
Telecom, the operator then owned by British Telecom, and the first commercial network
in Europe was opened for business by Telenor in December 2001 with no commercial
handsets and thus no paying customers. These were both on the W-CDMA technology.
The first commercial United States 3G network was by Monet Mobile Networks,
on CDMA2000 1x EV-DO technology, but this network provider later shut down
operations. The second 3G network operator in the USA was Verizon Wireless in October
2003 also on CDMA2000 1x EV-DO. AT&T Mobility is also a true 3G network, having
completed its upgrade of the 3G network to HSUPA.
The first pre-commercial demonstration network in the southern hemisphere was
built in Adelaide, South Australia by m.Net Corporation in February 2002 using UMTS
on 2100 MHz. This was a demonstration network for the 2002 IT World Congress. The
first commercial 3G network was launched by Hutchison Telecommunications branded as
Three in March 2003.

2
In December 2007, 190 3G networks were operating in 40 countries and 154 HSDPA
networks were operating in 71 countries, according to the Global Mobile Suppliers
Association (GSA). In Asia, Europe, Canada and the USA, telecommunication companies
use W-CDMA technology with the support of around 100 terminal designs to operate 3G
mobile networks.
In Europe, mass market commercial 3G services were introduced starting in
March 2003 by 3 (Part of Hutchison Whampoa) in the UK and Italy. The European Union
Council suggested that the 3G operators should cover 80% of the European national
populations by the end of 2005.
Roll-out of 3G networks was delayed in some countries by the enormous costs of
additional spectrum licensing fees. (See Telecoms crash.) In many countries, 3G
networks do not use the same radio frequencies as 2G, so mobile operators must build
entirely new networks and license entirely new frequencies; an exception is the United
States where carriers operate 3G service in the same frequencies as other services. The
license fees in some European countries were particularly high, bolstered by government
auctions of a limited number of licenses and sealed bid auctions, and initial excitement
over 3G's potential. Other delays were due to the expenses of upgrading equipment for
the new systems.
By June 2007 the 200 millionth 3G subscriber had been connected. Out of 3
billion mobile phone subscriptions worldwide this is only 6.7%. In the countries where
3G was launched first Japan and South Korea 3G penetration is over 70%. In Europe
the leading country is Italy with a third of its subscribers migrated to 3G. Other leading
countries by 3G migration include UK, Austria, Australia and Singapore at the 20%
migration level. A confusing statistic is counting CDMA2000 1x RTT customers as if
they were 3G customers. If using this definition, then the total 3G subscriber base would
be 475 million at June 2007 and 15.8% of all subscribers worldwide.
In Canada, Rogers Wireless was the first to implement 3G technology, with
HSDPA services in eastern Canada in late 2006.Their subsidiary Fido Solutions offers 3G

3
as well. Because they were the only incumbent carrier (out of 3) with UMTS/HSDPA
capability. Realizing they would miss out on roaming revenue from the 2010 Winter
Olympics, Bell and Telus formed a joint venture and rolled out a shared HSDPA network
using Nokia Siemens technology. Bell launched their 3G wireless lineup on 4 November
2009, and Telus followed suit a day later on 5 November 2009.
Mobitel Iraq is the first mobile 3G operator in Iraq. It was launched commercially
on February 2007.
China announced in May 2008, that the telecoms sector was re-organized and
three 3G networks would be allocated so that the largest mobile operator, China Mobile,
would retain its GSM customer base. China Unicom would retain its GSM customer base
but relinquish its CDMA2000 customer base, and launch 3G on the globally leading
WCDMA (UMTS) standard. The CDMA2000 customers of China Unicom would go to
China Telecom, which would then launch 3G on the CDMA2000 1x EV-DO standard.
This meant that China would have all three main cellular technology 3G standards in
commercial use. Finally in January 2009, Ministry of industry and Information
Technology of China has awarded licenses of all three standardsTD-SCDMA to China
Mobile, WCDMA to China Unicom and CDMA2000 to China Telecom. The launch of
3G occurred on 1 October 2009, to coincide with the 60th Anniversary of the Founding of
the People's Republic of China.
In November 2008, Turkey has auctioned four IMT 2000/UMTS standard 3G
licenses with 45, 40, 35 and 25 MHz top frequencies. Turkcell has won the 45 MHz band
with its 358 million offer followed by Vodafone and Avea leasing the 40 and 35 MHz
frequencies respectively for 20 years. The 25 MHz top frequency license remains to be
auctioned.
The first African use of 3G technology was a 3G videocall made in Johannesburg
on the Vodacom network in November 2004. The first commercial launch of 3G in Africa
was by EMTEL in Mauritius on the W-CDMA standard. In north African Morocco in late
March 2006, a 3G service was provided by the new company Wana.

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T-Mobile, a major Telecommunication services provider has recently rolled out a
list of over 120 U.S. cities which will be provided with 3G Network coverage in the year
2009.
In 2008, India entered into 3G Mobile arena with the launch of 3G enabled
Mobile and Data services by ([[BSNL]) in Bihar([Patna]). BSNL is the first Mobile
operator in India to launch 3G services. After that ([MTNL]) launched [3G] in Mumbai &
Delhi. Government owned Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd (BSNL) has already been provided
with a 3G license and has been operating its services in 380 cities by the end of March
2010. Nation wide auction of 3G wireless spectrum in April 2010 has been announced,
and 3G services by private service providers are expected by the September 2010.
1.1.1 .Telecom Industry
The Indian telecommunications industry is one of the fastest growing in the world and
India is projected to become the second largest telecom market globally by 2010.India
added 113.26 million new customers in 2008, the largest globally. In fact, in April 2008,
India had already overtaken the US as the second largest wireless market. To put this
growth into perspective, the countrys cellular base witnessed close to 50 per cent growth
in 2008, with an average 9.5 million customers added every month.
According to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI), the total number of
telephone connections (mobile as well as fixed) had touched 385 million as of December
2008, taking the telecom penetration to over 33 per cent. This means that one out of every
three Indians has a telephone connection, and telecom companies expect this pace of
growth to continue in 2009 as well.
1.1.2 Major Players
There are three types of players in telecom services:
-State owned companies (BSNL and MTNL)
-Private Indian owned companies (Reliance Infocomm, Tata Teleservices,)
-Foreign invested companies (Hutchison-Essar, Bharti Tele-Ventures,
Escotel, Idea Cellular, BPL Mobile, Spice Communications)

1.1.3 What is 3G?

3G (Third Generation) is the latest wireless technology. It is also known as UMTS an
improvement over 2G (Second Generation) providing wireless access to the data and
information to the users from anywhere and anytime. It is the latest mobile technology
and in fact it is described by Cellular (2004) as being a generic name for the most of
mobile

technologies.

3G cellular phones were first launched in Japan in October 2001. This 3G phone was
designed so users would be able to surf the Internet, view pictures of the people they are
talking to, watch movies and listen to music on their handsets .
International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000), better known as 3G or 3rd
Generation, is a family of standards for wireless communications defined by the
International

Telecommunication

Union,

which

includes GSM EDGE, UMTS,

and CDMA2000 as well as DECT and WiMAX. Services include wide-area wireless
voice telephone, video calls, and wireless data, all in a mobile environment. Compared
to 2G and 2.5G services, 3G allows simultaneous use of speech and data services and
higher data rates (up to 14.4 Mbit/s on the downlink and 5.8 Mbit/s on the uplink
with HSPA+). Thus, 3G networks enable network operators to offer users a wider range
of more advanced services while achieving greater network capacity through
improved spectral efficiency.
Mobile telephony allowed us to talk on the move. The internet turned raw data into
helpful services that people found easy to use. Now, these two technologies are
converging to create third generation mobile services.
In simple terms, third generation (3G) services combine high speed mobile access with
Internet Protocol (IP)-based services. But this doesnt just mean fast mobile connection to
the world wide web. Rather, whole new ways to communicate, access information,
conduct business, learn and be entertained - liberated from slow, cumbersome equipment
and immovable points of access. It will enhance and extend mobility in many areas of our
lives.

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1.1.4 Evolution of 3G Technology:
1G:
First-generation wireless telephone technology, cell phones. These are the analog cell
phone also known as AMPS that were introduced in the 1980s.
2G:
Digital mobile phones, including those that use GSM, CDMA or TDMA networks, are
the second generation phones. 2G networks were built mainly for voice data and slow
transmission. They offer data-transfer rates ranging from 9.6 kb/s to 19.2 kb/s.
2.5G:
Technologies such as i-mode data services, camera phones, high-speed circuit-switched
data (HSCSD) and General packet radio service (GPRS) that provide some functionality
domains like 3G networks, but without the full transition to 3G network. Interim
hardware and software solutions are emerging that promise to have real or perceived data
transfer rates ranging from 56 kb/s to 170 kb/s.
3G:
Third-generation digital-phone networks will have a nominal maximum data rate of 2
Mb/s, which can handle streaming video, two-way voice over IP, and Internet content
with high-quality graphics and plug-ins to a wireless phone.
According to Ericsson, 3G is a generic term that actually describes different flavors of
wireless:
Code Division Multiple Access 2000 (CDMA2000) :
CDMA2000, also known as IS-136 and IMT-CDMA Multi-Carrier (1X/3X) is a radio
transmission technology for the evolution of narrowband cdmaOne/IS-95 to 3rdgeneration adding up multiple carriers. Cdma2000 will be deployed in two phases.
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS):
The name for the third generation mobile telephone standard in Europe, standardized by
ETSI.
General Packet Radio Service (GPRS):
A packet-linked technology that enables high-speed (115 kilobit per second) wireless

7
Internet and other data communications. GPRS will offer a tenfold increase in data
throughput rates, from 9.6kbit/s to 115kbit/s. Using a packet data service, subscribers are
always connected and always online.
Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA):
A technology for wideband digital radio communications of Internet, multimedia, video
and other capacity-demanding applications. WCDMA, developed by Ericsson and others
from CDMA, has been selected for the third generation of mobile telephone systems in
Europe, Japan and the United States. WCDMA uses variable rate techniques in digital
processing and can achieve multi-rate transmissions. WCDMA has been adopted as a
standard by the ITU under the name IMT-2000 direct spread.
Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution (EDGE):
A technology that gives GSM and TDMA the capacity to handle services for the third
generation of mobile telephony. EDGE was developed to enable the transmission of large
amounts of data at a high speed, 384 kb/s. EDGE uses the same TDMA (Time Division
Multiple Access) frame structure, logic channel and 200kHz carrier bandwidth as today's
GSM networks, which allows existing cell plans to remain intact.
Cellular mobile telecommunications networks are being upgraded to use 3G
technologies from 1999 to 2010. Japan was the first country to introduce 3G nationally,
and in Japan the transition to 3G was largely completed in 2006. Korea then adopted 3G
Networks soon after and the transition was made as early as 2004.

1.1.5 The 3G Policy In Brief:

The policy calls for an auction for spectrum with different reserve price fixed for
separate telecom circles. As against the demand of certain lobby groups, the
government has opened the market for local as well as foreign players, as long as
they meet certain criteria holding a unified access service (UAS) license or
being eligible to hold UAS license. The foreign players who will be eligible to
hold a UAS license will have to form JVs with local partner and can hold a
maximum of 74 per cent in the JV as per the existing FDI norms in the telecom

8
sector. However, in addition to the auction price, they will have to pay UAS
license fee.

The spectrum will be auctioned in blocks of 25 MHz in 2.1 GHz band. There
can be a maximum of 10 players in any circle and in most cases the number will
vary between 5-10 players. The license will hold for 20 years and besides 3G
license fee firms will have to pay spectrum usage charge. However, in the first
year, the firms will not have to pay this spectrum charge which will amount to 1
per cent of annual gross revenue from the second year onwards.

The reserve price for the auction of spectrum in Delhi, Mumbai and other Circle A
categories has been fixed at Rs 160 crore. Kolkata and Circle B areas will have a
reserve price of Rs 80 crore and Circle C will have a floor price of Rs 30 crore. A
pan India license will have a reserve price of Rs 2,020 crore.

The government is looking to garner as much as $10 billion from the auctions.
While this may be small money for India (the second fastest growing emerging
market in the world and also the second largest wireless market after China)
compared to 3G auctions worth $34 billion in UK eight years back, one needs to
factor in the disaster that the high prices caused in the British market as telecom
operators struggled to generate returns.If the number of bids is less than or equal
to the number of spectrum blocks in a particular circle, spectrum will be allocated
to all the bidders at the highest bid price. If the number of bids are more, then the
e-auction rules will be applicable. The government will appoint an external
agency for the auctions.

The PSU operators MTNL and BSNL will get a preferential treatment.
They will be allocated one block in the circles in which they are operating. They
need not participate in the auction but will have to shell out an amount equal to
the highest bid price for that area.

At the time of allocation of the spectrum blocks will be given to bidders according
to their bids. In case of a tie those having an existing operation in a circle will get

9
a preference and in case of another tie on that criteria, those having more
subscribers in that circle will get the preference.

The government has also put a mandatory rollout plan for 3G services to dissuade
hoarding of spectrum. The licensee has to rollout services in 90 per cent of metro
areas within five years and for other circles the license holders have to cover 50
per cent of the area which would have to include 15 per cent rural areas. There are
also penalties for not meeting the rollout obligations.

1.1.6 Impact of The 3G Technology:

Sensex up 301 pts as govt introduces 3G Norms.
New radio spectrum to relieve overcrowding in existing systems.
More bandwidth, security, and reliability.
Interoperability between service providers.
Fixed and variable data rates.
Always-online devices. 3G will use IP connectivity, IP is packet based (not circuit
based).
Rich multimedia services.
For the exchequer:
Mega inflow from foreign players (including many new firms)
For Consumers:
High speed internet enabled and VAS straddling enhanced voice, video, data and
downloading facilities on their mobile phones for the consumer.
Other Stakeholders:
Exciting times for Venture capital and private equity backed telecom VAS firms.

10
1.1.7 The effects of 3G on society
Some of the latest features which have been brought about by this technology are
mentioned by Orange (2005) and include:

Video calling
With 3G you can now actually see the person on the other side! As long as both
people have a 3G phone you no longer have to imagine what they look like and
you can see them face-to-face via your cell phones screen.

Obtaining information and news

With 3G technology it is possible to access any site on the Internet by using your
phone as a modem with your laptop. You can use your favourite search engines to
find information on the weather, the daily news, stocks and shares, or practically
any other information you require to ensure that you are continually on top of
things.

E-mail
Should you have left your office and forgotten to send an important e-mail, you
are now able to quickly and efficiently perform this function directly by using
your cell phone. Alternatively, you can use your cell phone as a modem to be
connected to your laptop or PDA (Personal Digital Assistant).

Games
Since the invention of cell phones, games have always formed a part of mobile
devices. As technology has developed, the games we are able to engage in have
become far more interactive, exciting and entertaining. For those who play games
over their mobile devices for recreation purposes or for those who simply play to
pass the time, 3G now makes it possible to download these games at anytime and
from almost anywhere.

Film
The speed and quality of 3G really contributes to enhancing the quality of film
over mobile devices. One is now able to view film trailers, reviews, and

11
interviews, download ring tones, wall papers and enter competitions all by means
of your cell phone.

Sport
With the incredible sound and video quality of your 3G phone you can view
highlights from your favourite matches and youll always have access to the latest
scores.

Music
It's now possible for you to download songs, music videos and interviews. You
can even compose your own ring tone through your cell phone if you wish!

1.1.8 Company Profile

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. formed in October, 2000, is World's 7th largest
Telecommunications Company providing comprehensive range of telecom services in
India: Wire line, CDMA mobile, GSM Mobile, Internet, Broadband, Carrier service,
MPLS-VPN, VSAT, VoIP services, IN Services etc. Presently it is one of the largest &
leading public sector unit in India.
BSNL has installed Quality Telecom Network in the country and now focusing on
improving it, expanding the network, introducing new telecom services with ICT
applications in villages and wining customer's confidence. Today, it has about 46 million
line basic telephone capacity, 8 million WLL capacity, 52 Million GSM Capacity, more
than 38302 fixed exchanges, 46565 BTS, 3895 Node B ( 3G BTS), 287 Satellite Stations,
614755 Rkm of OFC Cable, 50430 Rkm of Microwave Network connecting 602
Districts, 7330 cities/towns and 5.6 Lakhs villages.
BSNL is the only service provider, making focused efforts and planned initiatives to
bridge the Rural-Urban Digital Divide ICT sector. In fact there is no telecom operator in
the country to beat its reach with its wide network giving services in every nook & corner
of country and operates across India except Delhi & Mumbai. Whether it is inaccessible
areas of Siachen glacier and North-eastern region of the country. BSNL serves its

12
customers with its wide bouquet of telecom services.
BSNL is numero uno operator of India in all services in its license area. The company
offers vide ranging & most transparent tariff schemes designed to suite every customer.
BSNL cellular service, CellOne, has 55,140,282 2G cellular customers and 88,493
3Gcustomers as on 30.11.2009. In basic services, BSNL is miles ahead of its rivals,
with 35.1 million Basic Phone subscribers i.e. 85 per cent share of the subscriber base
and 92 percent share in revenue terms.
BSNL has more than 2.5 million WLL subscribers and 2.5 million Internet Customers
who access Internet through various modes viz. Dial-up, Leased Line, DIAS, Account
Less Internet(CLI). BSNL has been adjudged as the NUMBER ONE ISP in the country.
BSNL has set up a world class multi-gigabit, multi-protocol convergent IP infrastructure
that provides convergent services like voice, data and video through the same Backbone
and Broadband Access Network. At present there are 0.6 million DataOne broadband
customers. The company has vast experience in Planning, Installation, network
integration and Maintenance of Switching & Transmission Networks and also has a world
class ISO 9000 certified Telecom Training Institute.
Scaling new heights of success, the present turnover of BSNL is more than Rs.351,820
million (US $ 8 billion) with net profit to the tune of Rs.99,390 million (US $ 2.26
billion) for last financial year. The infrastructure asset on telephone alone is worth about
Rs.630,000 million (US $ 14.37 billion).
The turnover, nationwide coverage, reach, comprehensive range of telecom services and
the desire to excel has made BSNL the No. 1 Telecom Company of India.

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEM

13
The growth of Modern Technology changes is remarkable, But Usage of networks
technology oriented services such as GPRS and Wi-Fi technology is not effective. The
existing technology such as GPRS and Wi-Fi are not effective due to very low speed. The
uploading or downloading cannot be done quickly. The mobile network should focus on
Managing Technology change such that a new technological service is used by the
various customers.
1.3 NEED FOR THE STUDY
As the technology gets updated, the peoples are eager to use the new technology.
The introduction of 3G technology creates impact on all peoples who use those facilities
provide by the 3G technology. So it is important to find out those impacts, and also it is
important to find out the peoples like and dislikes about 3G technology and also the
changes needed in the existing 3G technology.

1.4 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF THE STUDY

To study about the various features provided by the 3G technology.
To study about the various area of using 3G technology.
To study about the advantages of 3G technology over other existing technologies.
To study about the utilization of the 3G technology among the peoples.
To study about the changes needed in the 3G technology.

CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

14
Accenture (2004) reports, year on year, the results of an international survey of egovernment practice. The key findings from the most recent report are the identification
of several key international trends. The first one is that business models of government
are being enabled by new technology which is creating new possibilities for the
organisation and delivery of government services. This recursive relationship between
business innovation and IT capabilities is a well established concept from research into
commercial organisations and similar results are now being observed in government
organisations.
Ke and Wei (2004) carried out a strategic analysis of e-government evolution in
Singapore (Singapore was identified as one of the clear world leaders in e-government in
the Accenture survey) in order to analyse the reasons behind the success of e-government
in Singapore. This research is important because it identifies important insights from an
e-government innovator over a long period of time (1981 to 2004). It is also one of the
best illustrations of how a single government moves through distinct stages of growth as
it becomes more knowledgeable and sophisticated about the use of IT and e-government
processes. Singapore was one of the first countries in the world to start to implement egovernment with its Civil Service Computerization Programme from 1981 1985 which
was followed by two national IT plans to the present Infocomm 21 that started in 2000.
One of the important outcomes from the early initiatives is the creation of a standard IT
infrastructure across all government agencies and their wider eco-system including
suppliers and business partners. This has made it much easier to implement the vision of
many agencies, one government.
Norris and Moon (2005) report the results of an extensive study into web
applications in US government. They identified rapid growth in web applications in US
local government but identified that the implementation of transactional based services,
sometimes referred to as back-office systems was much slower. This is significant
because the US, together with Canada and Singapore, has been consistently identified as
leaders in e-Government in the annual accenture research studies.

2.2 RESEARCH GAP

15
Many researchers have done project on impact of technology related to the
communication. According to my knowledge no one has done the research work based on
the impact of the technology changes with reference to 3G technology. From the earlier
study, it is cleared that the 3G technology is solve the problem of slow usage of the
internet connection.

CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

3.1 TYPE OF PROJECT: SURVEY TYPE

16
This includes designing questionnaire for collection of data through field study,
collecting data from target respondents, processing and analyzing the data and arriving at
conclusions.

3.2 TARGET RESPONDENTS

The target of 100 respondents from the following group has been taken for the study.
BSNL Subscribers
BSNL Employees

3.3 ASSUMPTIONS, CONSTRAINTS

Assumptions
Analyze the gap between the availability of services offered in 3G

technology and its usage by the peoples.

The samples are collected from the peoples using 3G technology in

Chennai city.
Let us assume that the responses from the customers are accurate.

Constraints
The project is having the constraints to get the actual usage of facilities
offered in 3G technology used by the people.
The Project work can be done with in the duration of 3 months.
The respondents may not answer for all the questions. So data collection
requires more time.
3.4 PROPOSED SAMPLING METHODS

17
3.4.1 Sampling Technique
For this study, it is proposed to adopt Random sampling method to choose target
respondents for conducting survey through Questionnaire.
3.4.2 Sampling Procedure Actually Employed:
The process employed to select the sample was simple random sampling. Simple
random sampling refers to that sampling technique in which each and every unit of the
population has an equal and same opportunity of being on the sample. In simple random
sampling, which item gets selected is just a matter of chance.
4.4.3 Methods of data collection
Primary data collection is through the circulation of Questionnaire to the
Information technology employees.
3.5 DATA PROCESSING
Descriptive research design is used in this study. Descriptive research is also
called Statistical Research. The main goal of this type of research is to describe the data
and characteristics about what is being studied. The idea behind this type of research is to
study frequencies, averages, and other statistical calculations. Although this research is
highly accurate, it does not gather the causes behind a situation. Descriptive research is
used to obtain information concerning the current status of the phenomena to describe
"what exists" with respect to variables or conditions in a situation.
Statement of the problem
Identification of information needed to solve the problem
Selection or development of instruments for gathering the information
Identification of target population and determination of sampling procedure
Design of procedure for information collection
Collection of information
Analysis of information
Generalizations and/or predictions

18

Sample Size
Sample Unit

: BSNL Customers and Employees

Sample Technique

: Random sampling

Sample Size

: 100

3.6 TOOLS FOR ANALYSIS

The following tool is used for the data analysis
Percentage analysis
Chi-Square analysis
The area of research is BSNL Subscribers in Chennai dealing with Telecom
industry of all over India. Research is about to be conducted in Chennai to the BSNL
Customers and Staffs with the sample size of 100.

19

CHAPTER 4
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.1 DATA ANALYSIS

Collecting the primary data using questionnaire and collecting the secondary data
using the company's profile and manual. Data collected will be analyzed using statistical
methods by using graphs, charts and other tools.

Data Collection
Primary Data

: Structured Questionnaire

Secondary Data

: Online Database, Journals

20

Age:
Table 4.1 :- AGE
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

18-25

29

29

25-35

22

22

35-45

24

24

> 45

25

25

Total 100

100

Figure 4.1:- AGE

Inference:
From the above chart 29% of the respondents 18-25, 22% of the respondents 25-35, 24%
of the respondents 25-35 and 25 % of the respondents >45.

21

Gender:
Table 4.2 :- GENDER
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

male

77

77

Female

23

23

Total 100

100

Figure 4.2:-GENDER

Inference:
From the above chart we got result as 77% of the respondents male, and 23% of the
respondents Female.

22

Education:
Table 4.3:-EDUCATION
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

10th

12th

14

14

U.G

65

65

P.G

15

15

Total 100

100

Figure 4.3:-EDUCATION
Inference:
From the above chart 6% of the respondents 10 th Standard, 14% of the respondents 12th
Standard, 65% of the respondents U.G and 15 % of the respondents P.G.

23

Occupation
Table 4.4:- OCCUPATION
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

student

20

20

Government
employee

12

12

IT sector

44

44

Other private
sectors

24

24

Total 100

100

Figure 4.4:- OCCUPATION

Inference:
From the above chart 20% of the respondents student, 12% of the respondents
Government employee, 44% of the respondents IT sector and 24 % of the respondents
Other private sectors.

24

1. Are you using 3G technology?

Table 4.5:- Are you using 3G technology
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Yes

100

100

No

Total 100

100

Figure 4.5:- Are you using 3G technology

Inference:
From the above chart we got result 100% of the respondents said Yes, and none of the
respondents No.

25

2. How long you use 3G technology?

Table 4.6:- How long you use 3G technology
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

1 month

47

47

2 months

29

29

3 months

24

24

> 3 months

Total 100

100

Figure 4.6:- How long you use 3G technology

Inference:
From the above chart 47% of the respondents 1 month, 29% of the respondents
Government 2 months, 24% of the respondents 3 months and none of the respondents > 3
months.

26

3. How do you know about 3G technology?

Table 4.7:- How do you know about 3G technology
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Tv Advertisements

29

29

Sms

17

17

Customer care
phone call

20

20

Friends

29

29

Others

Total 100

100

Figure 4.7:- :- How do you know about 3G technology

Inference:
From the above chart 29% of the respondents TV Advertisements, 17% of the
respondents SMS, 20% of the respondents Customer care phone call and 29 % of the
respondents Friends and 5% of the respondents others.

27

4. Have you used the GPRS technology earlier?

Table 4.8:- Have you used the GPRS technology earlier
S. No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Yes

32

32

No

68

68

Total 100

100

Figure 4.8:- Have you used the GPRS technology earlier

Inference:
From the above chart we got result 32% of the respondents said Yes, and 68% of the
respondents No.

28
5. Do you use 3G technology for?
Table 4.9:- Do you use 3G technology for
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Video calling

E-mail

42

42

Games

18

18

Film

29

29

Video conferencing

E-learning

All the above

Total 100

100

Figure 4.9 Do you use 3G technology for

Inference:
From the above chart 4% of the respondents Video calling, 42% of the respondents Email, 18% of the respondents Games ,29 % of the respondents Film, 3 % of the

29
respondents Video conferencing, 3 % of the respondents E-learning, and 1% of the
respondents All the above.
6. Where did you use the 3G technology most?
Table 4.10:- Where did you use the 3G technology most
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Home

23

23

Office

28

28

Out of home

34

34

Travelling

10

10

Others

Total 100

100

Figure 4.10:- Where did you use the 3G technology most

Inference:
From the above chart 23% of the respondents Home, 28% of the respondents Office, 18%
of the respondents Games ,34 % of the respondents Out of home, 10 % of the respondents
Travelling, and 5% of the respondents Others.

30

7. What is the time you use the 3G technology most?

Table 4.11:- What is the time you use the 3G technology most
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Morning

17

17

Afternoon

36

36

Evening

34

34

Night

13

13

Total 100

100

Figure 4.11:- What is the time you use the 3G technology most
Inference:
From the above chart 17% of the respondents Morning, 36% of the respondents
Afternoon, 34% of the respondents Evening , and 13% of the respondents Night.

31

8. Have you used the GPRS earlier?

Table 4.12:- Have you used the GPRS earlier
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Yes

32

32

No

68

68

Total 100

100

Figure 4.12:- Have you used the GPRS earlier

Inference:
From the above chart we got result 32% of the respondents said Yes, and 68% of the
respondents No.

32

9. Reason for switch over from GPRS to 3G

Table 4.13:- Reason for switch over from GPRS to 3G
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

New technology

26

26

High speed

42

42

More facility

22

22

Attractive plans

10

10

Total 100

100

Figure 4.13:- Reason for switch over from GPRS to 3G

Inference:
From the above chart 26% of the respondents New technology, 42% of the respondents
High speed, 22% of the respondents More facility , and 10% of the respondents
Attractive plans.

33

10. Mention the usage level of the 3G technology?

Table 4.14:- Mention the usage level of the 3G technology
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Always

17

17

Rarely

Frequently

45

45

Sometimes

29

29

Total 100

100

Figure 4.14:- Mention the usage level of the 3G technology

Inference:
From the above chart 17% of the respondents Always, 9% of the respondents Rarely,
45% of the respondents Frequently, and 29% of the respondents Sometimes.

34

11. Mention the satisfaction level of the 3G technology about your requirement?
Table 4.15:- Mention the satisfaction level of the 3G technology about your
requirement
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Very satisfied

42

42

Satisfied

33

33

Neither satisfied nor

dissatisfied

14

14

Dissatisfied

10

10

Very dissatisfied

Total 100

100

Figure 4.15:- Mention the satisfaction level of the 3G technology about your
requirement

Inference:
From the above chart 42% of the respondents Very satisfied, 33% of the respondents
Satisfied, 14% of the respondents Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied ,10 % of the
respondents Dissatisfied, and 1% of the respondents Very dissatisfied.

35
12. Are you satisfaction level about the tariffs of 3G facility?
Table 4.16:- . Are you satisfaction level about the tariffs of 3G facility
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Very satisfied

12

12

Satisfied

19

19

Neither satisfied nor

dissatisfied

39

39

Dissatisfied

20

20

Very dissatisfied

10

10

Total 100

100

Figure 4.16:- . Are you satisfaction level about the tariffs of 3G facility
Inference:
From the above chart 12% of the respondents Very satisfied, 19% of the respondents
Satisfied, 39% of the respondents neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, 20 % of the
respondents Dissatisfied, and 10% of the respondents Very dissatisfied.

36
13. Have you used all the facilities in 3G?
Table 4.17:- Have you used all the facilities in 3G
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Yes

86

86

No

14

14

Total 100

100

Figure 4.17:- Have you used all the facilities in 3G

Inference:
From the above chart we got result 86% of the respondents said Yes, and 14% of the
respondents No.

37

14. Do you know about all the features available in 3G technology?

Table 4.18:- Do you know about all the features available in 3G technology
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Yes

75

75

No

25

25

Total 100

100

Figure 4.18:- Do you know about all the features available in 3G technology

Inference:
From the above chart we got result 75% of the respondents said Yes, and 25% of the
respondents No.

38

15. Do you know the drawbacks of about 3G technology?

Table 4.19:- Do you know the drawbacks of about 3G technology
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Yes

46

46

No

54

54

Total 100

100

Figure 4.19:- Do you know the drawbacks of about 3G technology

Inference:
From the above chart we got result 46% of the respondents said Yes, and 54% of the
respondents No.

39

16. Do you think that the 3G technology is essential for all?

Table 4.20:- Do you think that the 3G technology is essential for all
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Yes

78

78

No

10

10

Cant say

12

12

Total 100

100

Figure 4.20:- :- Do you think that the 3G technology is essential for all

Inference:
From the above chart we got result 78% of the respondents said Yes, 10% of the
respondents No and 12% of the respondents cant.

40

18. Do you need some changes in the 3G technology?

Table 4.21:- Do you need some changes in the 3G technology
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Yes

16

16

No

84

84

Total 100

100

Figure 4.21:- Do you need some changes in the 3G technology

Inference:
From the above chart we got result 16% of the respondents said Yes, and 84% of the
respondents No.

41

19. Do you need the changes in

Table 4.22:- Do you need the changes in
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Accessing Speed

23

23

Facilities

28

28

Cost of initialization

29

29

Others

20

20

Total 100

100

Figure 4.22:- Do you need the changes in

Inference:
From the above chart 23% of the respondents Accessing Speed, 28% of the respondents
Facilities, 29% of the respondents Cost of initialization, and 20% of the respondents
Others.

42

20. Have you refer your friends/ relatives about the 3G technology?
Table 4.23:- Have you refer your friends/ relatives about the 3G technology
S.No

Particulars

No of Respondents

Percentage

Yes

49

49

No

38

38

Cant say

13

13

Total 100

100

Figure 4.23:- Have you refer your friends/ relatives about the 3G technology

Inference:
From the above chart we got result 49% of the respondents said Yes, 38% of the
respondents No and 13% of the respondents cant say.

43

4.2 DATA INTERPRETATION

Chi- Square Test
A chi-square test (also chi-squared or 2 test) is any statistical hypothesis test in
which the sampling distribution of the test statistic is a chi-square distribution when the
null hypothesis is true, or any in which this is asymptotically true, meaning that the
sampling distribution (if the null hypothesis is true) can be made to approximate a chisquare distribution as closely as desired by making the sample size large enough. For
testing, any relationship between two variables the chi square test is suitable,
Chi square test Test of independence
Chi-square (2) is done by using the formula: (O E) 2 / E
Where, O = Observed frequency
E = Expected frequency
Hypothesis of the study
1. Chi-square analysis of sex of the respondent and the usage of facilities in 3G
technology
Hypothesis:
HO There is relation between sex of the respondent and the usage of facilities
in 3G technology
Observed Frequency
Table 1
Sex
Male

Current investment
Yes
No
71
6

Total
77

Female

15

23

Total

86

14

100

44

Expected Frequency
Table 2
Sex

Current investment
Yes
No
60
17

Male

Total
77

Female

20

23

Total

80

20

100

Chi-square analysis
Table 3
S.No.
1
2
3
4
Total

Observed

Expected

(O-E)

(O-E)^2

(O-E)^2/E

Frequency (O)
71
6
15
8

Frequency (E)
60
17
20
3

11
-11
-5
5

121
121
25
25

2.01
7.11
1.25
8.33
18.7

Degrees of Freedom:
(m-1) * (n-1)
(2-1) * (2-1)
=1
Tabulated value of degrees of freedom (1) @ 5% level of significance = 3.841
The Calculated value > The Tabulated value.
Therefore H0 is rejected.

45

Inference:
There is no relation between sex of the respondent and the usage of facilities in
3G technology.
2. Chi-square analysis of sex of the respondent and knowledge about all the features
available in 3G technology
Hypothesis:
HO There is relation between sex of the respondent and knowledge about
all the features available in 3G technology
Observed Frequency
Table 1
Sex
Male

Current investment
Yes 75
No 25
60
17

Total
77

Female

15

23

Total

75

25

100

Expected Frequency
Table 2
Sex
Male

Current investment
Yes
No
50
13

Total
63

Female

25

12

27

Total

75

25

100

46

Chi-square analysis
Table 3
S.No.
1
2
3
4
Total

Observed

Expected

(O-E)

(O-E)^2

(O-E)^2/E

Frequency (O)
60
17
15
8

Frequency (E)
50
13
25
12

10
4
-10
-4

100
16
100
16

2
1.23
4
1.33
8.56

Degrees of Freedom:
(m-1) * (n-1)
(2-1) * (2-1)
=1
Tabulated value of degrees of freedom (1) @ 5% level of significance = 3.841
The Calculated value > The Tabulated value.
Therefore H0 is rejected.
Inference:
There is no relation between sex of the respondent and knowledge about all the
features available in 3G technology.
3. Chi-square analysis of sex of the respondent and the changes needed in the 3G
technology
Hypothesis:
HO There is relation between sex of the respondent and the changes needed in
the 3G technology

47

Observed Frequency
Table 1
Sex

Current investment
Yes
No
6
71

Male

Total
77

Female

15

23

Total

14

86

100

Expected Frequency
Table 2
Sex

Current investment
Yes
No
17
60

Male

Total
77

Female

20

23

Total

20

80

100

Chi-square analysis
Table 3
S.No.
1
2
3
4
Total

Observed

Expected

(O-E)

(O-E)^2

(O-E)^2/E

Frequency (O)
6
71
8
15

Frequency (E)
17
60
3
20

-11
11
5
-5

121
121
25
25

7.11
2.01
8.33
1.25
18.7

48
Degrees of Freedom:
(m-1) * (n-1)
(2-1) * (2-1)
=1
Tabulated value of degrees of freedom (1) @ 5% level of significance = 3.841
The Calculated value > The Tabulated value.
Therefore H0 is rejected.
Inference:
There is no relation between sex of the respondent and the changes needed in the
3G technology.
4. Chi-square analysis of sex of the respondents and the place of using 3G
technology most.
Hypothesis:
H0 There is relation between sex of the respondents and the place of using
3G technology most.
Observed Frequency
sex

place of using 3G technology most

Total

Home

Office

Out of
home

Travelling

Others

Male

13

23

30

77

Female

10

23

Total

23

28

34

10

100

49
Expected Frequency
sex

place of using 3G technology most

Total

Strongly
Agree

Agree

Neither
Agree or
Disagree

Disagree

Strongly
disagree

Male

12

22

29

68

Female

11

32

Total

23

28

34

10

100

Chi-square analysis
Table 3
S.No.

Observed
Frequency (O)

Expected

(O-E)

(O-E)^2

(O-E)^2/E

Frequency (E)

13

12

0.083333

23

22

0.045455

30

29

0.034483

0.166667

0.333333

10

11

-1

0.090909

-1

0.166667

-1

0.2

-1

0.25

10

-1

0.5

TOTAL

1.870846

50
Degrees of Freedom:
( m-1 ) * ( n-1 )
(2-1) * (5-1)
=4
Tabulated value of degrees of freedom (4) @ 5% level of significance = 9.49
Calculated value < tabulated value.
Therefore H0 is accepted.
Inference:
There is strong relation between sex of the respondents and the place of using 3G
technology most.

51

CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION

5.1 SUMMARIES OF FINDINGS:

29% of the respondents are having age between 18-25, 22% of the respondents
are having age between 25-35, 24% of the respondents are having age between
25-35 and 25 % of the respondents are having age greater than 45.
77% of the respondents are male, and 23% of the respondents are female.
6% of the respondents 10th Standard, 14% of the respondents 12th Standard, 65%
of the respondents U.G and 15 % of the respondents P.G.
20% of the respondents student, 12% of the respondents Government employee,
44% of the respondents IT sector and 24 % of the respondents Other private
sectors.
All the respondents are using 3G technology.
47% of the respondents are using 3G technology for 1 month, 29% of the
respondents are using 3G technology for 2 months, 24% of the respondents are
using 3G technology for 3 months and none of the respondents are using 3G
technology greater than 3 months.
Response for the know mode of 3G technology, the responses are 29% of the
respondents TV Advertisements, 17% of the respondents SMS, 20% of the
respondents Customer care phone call and 29 % of the respondents Friends and
5% of the respondents others.
32% of the respondents are used GPRS, and 68% of the respondents are not used
GPRS.

52
Response for the usage of 3G technology, 4% of the respondents Video calling,
42% of the respondents E-mail, 18% of the respondents Games ,29 % of the
respondents Film, 3 % of the respondents Video conferencing, 3 % of the
respondents E-learning, and 1% of the respondents All the above.
Response for the place of using 3G technology, 23% of the respondents Home,
28% of the respondents Office, 18% of the respondents Games ,34 % of the
respondents Out of home, 10 % of the respondents Travelling, and 5% of the
respondents Others.
Response for the time of using 3G technology, 17% of the respondents Morning,
36% of the respondents Afternoon, 34% of the respondents Evening , and 13% of
the respondents Night.
32% of the respondents are used GPRS earlier, and 68% of the respondents are
not used GPRS earlier.
Response for the reason of shifting from GPRS to 3G technology, 26% of the
respondents New technology, 42% of the respondents High speed, 22% of the
respondents More facility , and 10% of the respondents Attractive plans.
Response for the level of usage of 3g technology, 17% of the respondents Always,
9% of the respondents Rarely, 45% of the respondents Frequently, and 29% of the
respondents Sometimes.
Response for the satisfaction level about the 3G technology, 42% of the
respondents Very satisfied, 33% of the respondents Satisfied, 14% of the
respondents Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, 10 % of the respondents
Dissatisfied, and 1% of the respondents Very dissatisfied.
Response for the satisfaction level about the tariffs for 3G technology, 12% of the
respondents Very satisfied, 19% of the respondents Satisfied, 39% of the

53
respondents neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, 20 % of the respondents
Dissatisfied, nor 10% of the respondents Very dissatisfied.
86% of the respondents are using all the facilities in 3G, and 14% of the
respondents are not using all the facilities in 3G.
75% of the respondents are known about the features in 3G, and 25% of the
respondents are not known about the features in 3G.
46% of the respondents are known about the drawbacks of 3G, and 54% of the
respondents are not known about the drawbacks of 3G.
78% of the respondents are said that the 3G technology is essential for all, 10% of
the respondents are said that the 3G technology is not essential for all and 12% of
the respondents are not want to say anything.
16% of the respondents are said that they need changes in 3G technology, and
84% of the respondents are said that they dont need any changes in 3G
technology.
Response for the changes in 3G, 23% of the respondents Accessing Speed, 28%
of the respondents Facilities, 29% of the respondents Cost of initialization, and
20% of the respondents Others.
Response for giving reference about 3G technology to their friends / relatives,
49% of the respondents said Yes, 38% of the respondents No and 13% of the
respondents cant say.

5.2 SUGGESTIONS

Regarding categorization the usage of 3G based on the respondents age all the age
groups are using the 3G technology. In general the youths are highly using the any
new technology rather than other age group of peoples. But from the survey is not

54
reflecting the general condition. It is due to the unawareness about the 3G in the
youth age groups. To over com this situation the 3G service provider must publish
more advertisement regarding the 3G technology in any media.
The promotion strategy for the 3G technology the television is got the high
number of response, although it got the maximum response. It is not up to the
target level. So the service providers should concentrate about the advertisement
areas to attract the new customers. The way of attracting the customers is to
announcement of the discounts about a new plan purchase. Or some offers.
In the usage of 3G technology the most of the respondents are using the e-mail
facility, then the most of the respondents are using it for play online games, But
the usage about the other facilities like video calling, Video conferencing, Elearning they are not up to the high usage level. The 3G service provider must
announce any offers to use those services.
There is low percentage of respondents are using 3G due to its attractive plans, in
order to increase attract the customers, they should give some attractive plans as
the suggestion given above.
Some minimum amount of respondents are using the 3G technology rarely, for
those customers, the service providers should give usage plan according to the
usage of the customer. It will be helpful for them to save their money.
Some low amounts of the respondents are dissatisfied about the fulfillment about
their requirement in 3G technology. The service provider should concentrate in
this issues to fulfill the customer requirements.
Some low amounts of the respondents are dissatisfied about the tariffs of 3G
technology. The service provider should concentrate in these issues to reduce the
tariffs to satisfy the customer requirements.
Some of the respondents are not using all the facilities in 3G technology. It may
be due to the unawareness about the facilities available in 3G. the service provider

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should arrange a customer care team to make aware the operations and schemes
involved in the 3G technology.
Most of the respondents are not know about the disadvantages of 3G technology.
It is also a duty of the customer care to explain about all the disadvantages of
using the 3g technology. If the customers are aware about the disadvantages, they
will be using the 3G technology in a safer manner.
The customers are need changes in 3G technology in Accessing Speed, Facilities;
Cost of initialization, the service provider must concentrate in this issue to satisfy
the customers.

5.3 CONCLUSION

When a new technology is introduced, it will automatically creates a issues about

the impact of the new technology in the market. The 3G technology creates lot of impact
in the communication technology, from this study the various features or the facilities
provided by the 3G technology to the customers are discussed, The various areas of using
the 3g technology is also discussed, the advantages of 3G technology over other existing
technologies is discussed, the utilization of the 3G technology among the peoples is
studied and the changes needed in the 3G technology is studied. It is concluded that the
3G is creates the positive impact in the people who use the 3g technology. The drawback
is that only low amount of the advertising strategy and the poor promotion, the high
initiation cost and also the unawareness about the facilities provided by the service
provider. If the service provider can rectify these problems in future, definitely the 3G
technology wil create very high impact on its customers.

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APPENDIX

A1 QUESTIONAIRE
Name:
Age:
a)18-25
b) 25-35
c) 35-45
d) > 45
Sex:
a) male
b) Female
Education:
a) 10th
b) 12th
c) U.G
d) P.G
Occupation
a) student
b) Government employee

57
c) IT sector
d) Other private sectors

58

1. Are you using 3G technology?

a) Yes
b) No
2. How long you use 3G technology?
a) 1 month
b) 2 months
c) 3 months
d) > 3 months
3. How do you know about 3G technology?
a) TV Advertisements
b) Sms
c) Customer care phone call
d) Friends
e) Others
4. Have you used the GPRS technology earlier?
a) Yes
b) No
5. Do you use 3G technology for?
a) Video calling
b) E-mail
c) Games
d) Film
e) Video conferencing
f) E-learning
g) All the above

59
6. Where did you use the 3G technology most?
a) Home
b) Office
c) Out of home
d) Travelling
e) Others
7. What is the time you use the 3G technology most?
a) Morning
b) Afternoon
c) Evening
d) Night
8. Have you use the GPRS earlier?
a) Yes
b) No
9. Reason for switch over from GPRS to 3G
a) New technology
b) High speed
c) More facility
d) Attractive plans
10. Mention the usage level of the 3G technology?
a) Always
b) Rarely
c) Frequently
d) Sometimes

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11. Mention the satisfaction level of the 3G technology about your requirement?
a) Very satisfied
b) Satisfied
c) Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
d) Dissatisfied
e) Very dissatisfied
12. Are you satisfaction level about the tariffs of 3G facility?
a) Very satisfied
b) Satisfied
c) Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied
d) Dissatisfied
e) Very dissatisfied
13. Have you used all the facilities in 3G?
a) Yes
b) No
14. Do you about all the features available in 3G technology?
a) Yes
b) No
15. Do you know the drawbacks of about 3G technology?
a) Yes
b) No
16. Do you think that the 3G technology is essential for all?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Cant say

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17. Mention the satisfaction level for the following

Options

Technology

Accessing
Speed

3G

Facilities
Data
transfer

Highly
satisfie
d

satisfied

Neither
satisfied nor
dissatisfied

GPRS
3G
GPRS
3G
GPRS
3G

Cost of
initializatio
GPRS
n
18. Do you need some changes in the 3G technology?
a) Yes
b) No
If yes, mention the changes needed-----------19. Do you need the changes in
a) Accessing Speed
b) Facilities
c) Cost of initialization
d) Others
20. Have you refer your friends/ relatives about the 3G technology?
a) Yes
b) No
c) Cant say

dissatisfied

Highly
dissatisfied

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REFERENCES
1) Introduction to 3G mobile communications
Juha Korhonen - 2003 - 544 pages
2) Broadband wireless mobile: 3G and beyond
Willie W. Lu - 2002 - 376 pages