Math May 2007 MS C4

Mark Scheme (Results)
Summer 2007
GCE
GCE Mathematics
Core Mathematics C4 (6666)
© Science Exam Papers

Edexcel Limited. Registered in England and Wales No. 4496750
Registered Office: One90 High Holborn, London WC1V 7BH
June 2007
6666 Core Mathematics C4
Mark Scheme
Question
Scheme Marks
Number
** represents a constant
−3 −3 Takes 3 outside the bracket
⎛ 2x ⎞ 1 ⎛ 2x ⎞
= (3)
−3
f( x ) = (3 + 2 x ) −3
⎜1 + 3 ⎟ = ⎜ 1+ to give any of (3)−3 or 27
1
.
3 ⎟⎠
1. (a) B1
⎝ ⎠ 27 ⎝ See note below.
Expands (1 + * * x )−3 to
give a simplified or an un-
simplified M1;
⎧ ( −3)( −4) ( −3)( −4)( −5) ⎫ 1 + ( −3)(* * x) ;
= 1
27 ⎨1 + ( −3)(* * x); + (* * x)2 + (* * x)3 + ...⎬
⎩ 2! 3! ⎭ A correct simplified or an
un-simplified
with * * ≠ 1
{..........} expansion with A1
candidate’s followed thro’
(* * x )
⎧ ( −3)( −4) 2x 2 ( −3)( −4)( −5) 2x 3 ⎫

= 1
27 ⎨1 + ( −3)( 3 ) +
2x
(3) + ( 3 ) + ...⎬
⎩ 2! 3! ⎭
⎧ 8x 2 80 3 ⎫
= 1
27 ⎨1 − 2x + − x + ...⎬
⎩ 3 27 ⎭
Anything that
1 2x 8x 2 80x 3 cancels to 1 − 2x ; A1;
= − ;+ − + ... 27 27
27 27 81 729
Simplified 8x 2
81
− 80x3
729 A1
[5]
5 marks
Note: You would award: B1M1A0 for

Special Case: If you see the
⎧⎪ constant 271 in a candidate’s final
( −3)( −4) ( −3)( −4)( −5) ⎫
= 1
27 ⎨1 + ( −3)( 3 ) +
2x
(2x)2 + (2x)3 + ...⎬ binomial expression, then you can
⎩⎪ 2! 3! ⎭
award B1
because * * is not consistent.
6666/01 Core Maths C4 2 25th June 2007

June 2007 Advanced Subsidiary/Advanced Level in GCE Mathematics Version 8: THE FINAL VERSION

Question
Scheme Marks
Number
Aliter
1. f(x) = (3 + 2x)−3
Way 2
1
27
or (3)−3 (See note ↓ ) B1
−3
Expands (3 + 2x) to give
⎧ −3 −4 ( −3)( −4) −5 ⎫ an un-simplified or
⎪(3) + ( −3)(3) (* * x); + (3) (* * x)2 ⎪ simplified M1
⎪ 2! ⎪
=⎨ ⎬ (3)−3 + ( −3)(3)−4 (* * x) ;
⎪ ( −3)( −4)( −5) −6 ⎪
+ (3) (* * x) + ...
3
⎪⎩ 3! ⎭⎪ A correct un-simplified or
simplified
with * * ≠ 1 {..........} expansion with A1
candidate’s followed
thro’ ( * * x )
⎧ −3 −4 ( −3)( −4) −5 ⎫
⎪(3) + ( −3)(3) (2x); + (3) (2x)2 ⎪
⎪ 2! ⎪
=⎨ ⎬
⎪ ( −3)( −4)( − 5) ⎪
+ (3)−6 (2x)3 + ...
⎪⎩ 3! ⎪⎭
⎧⎪ 271 + ( −3)( 81
1
)(2x); + (6)( 243
1
)(4x 2 )⎫⎪
=⎨ ⎬
⎪⎩ + ( −10)( 729
1
)(8x 3 ) + ... ⎪⎭
Anything that
1 2x 8x 2 80x 3 cancels to 1 − 2x ; A1;
= − ;+ − + ... 27 27
27 27 81 729
Simplified 8x 2
81
− 80x3
729 A1
[5]
5 marks
Attempts using Maclaurin expansions need to be escalated up to your team leader.
If you feel the mark scheme does not apply fairly to a candidate please escalate the response up to your team leader.
Special Case: If you see the

constant 271 in a candidate’s
final binomial expression, then
you can award B1


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
1
2x
2.
∫
0
(2 + 1)
x 2
dx , with substitution u = 2 x
du dx 1 du
= 2x.ln 2 or du
= u.ln 2
= 2 x.ln 2 ⇒ = x dx dx
B1
dx du 2 .ln 2 or ( ) 1
u
du
dx
= ln 2
⎛ 1 ⎞
∫ (u + 1)
2x
∫ ∫ (u + 1)
1 1
dx = ⎜ ⎟ du k du
M1 ∗
(2 + 1)
2
⎝ ln 2 ⎠
x 2 2
where k is constant
⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ −1 ⎞ (u + 1)−2 → a(u + 1)−1 M1

=⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟+c
⎝ ln 2 ⎠ ⎝ (u + 1) ⎠ (u + 1)−2 → − 1.(u + 1)−1 A1
change limits: when x = 0 & x = 1 then u = 1 & u = 2
1 2
2x 1 ⎡ −1 ⎤
∫
0
(2 + 1)
x 2
dx =
ln 2 ⎢⎣ (u + 1) ⎥⎦ 1
1 ⎡⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎤ Correct use of limits

= ⎢⎜ − 3 ⎟ − ⎜ − 2 ⎟ ⎥ depM1 ∗
ln 2 ⎣⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠⎦ u = 1 and u = 2
1 − −
=
1 1 1 1 1
6ln2 or ln4 ln8 or 2ln2 3n2 A1 aef
6 ln 2
Exact value only! [6]
Alternatively candidate can revert back to x …
1 1
2x 1 ⎡ −1 ⎤
∫
0
(2 + 1)
x 2
dx =
ln 2 ⎢⎣ (2 x + 1) ⎥⎦ 0
1 ⎡⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎤ Correct use of limits

= ⎢⎜ − 3 ⎟ − ⎜ − 2 ⎟ ⎥ depM1 ∗
ln 2 ⎣⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠⎦ x = 0 and x = 1
1
= 1
6ln2 or 1
ln4
− 1
ln8 or 1
2ln2
− 1
3ln2 A1 aef
6 ln 2
Exact value only!
6 marks
If you see this integration There are other acceptable

applied anywhere in a 1
answers for A1, eg: 2ln8 or 1
ln64
candidate’s working then you can
NB: Use your calculator to check
award M1, A1
eg. 0.240449…


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
⎧⎪u = x ⇒ ddux = 1 ⎫⎪
3. (a) ⎨ dv ⎬
⎩⎪ dx = cos 2 x ⇒ v = 2 sin 2 x ⎭⎪
1
(see note below)

Use of ‘integration by parts’
∫ ∫
M1
Int = x cos 2 x dx = 1
2
x sin 2 x − 1
2
sin 2 x.1 dx formula in the correct direction.
Correct expression.
A1
sin 2 x → − 21 cos 2 x
= 1
2
x sin 2x − 1
2 (− 1
2
cos 2x ) + c or sin kx → − k1 cos kx dM1
with k ≠ 1 , k > 0
= 1
2
x sin 2 x + 1
4
cos 2 x + c Correct expression with +c A1
[4]
Substitutes correctly
∫ ∫ ( ) dx
cos2 x + 1
(b) x cos2 x dx = x 2 for cos2 x in the M1
given integral
∫ ∫
1 1
= x cos 2 x dx + x dx
2 2
1
1⎛ 1 ⎞ 1 ( their answer to (a)) ;
∫
1
= ⎜ x sin 2 x + cos 2 x ⎟ ; + x dx 2 A1;
2⎝2 4 ⎠ 2
or underlined expression
1 1 1 Completely correct expression

= x sin 2 x + cos 2 x + x 2 ( + c ) A1
4 8 4 with/without +c
[3]
7 marks
Notes:
(b) Int =
∫ x cos 2x dx = 1
2
x sin 2 x ±
∫ 1
2
sin 2 x.1 dx This is acceptable for M1 M1
⎪⎧u = x ⇒ ddux = 1 ⎪⎫
⎨ dv ⎬
⎩⎪ dx = cos 2 x ⇒ v = λ sin 2 x ⎭⎪
∫ x cos 2x dx ∫
Int = = λ x sin 2 x ± λ sin 2 x.1 dx This is also
M1
acceptable for M1


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
Aliter Substitutes correctly

∫ ∫ ( ) dx
cos2 x + 1
3. (b) x cos2 x dx = x 2 for cos2 x in the
Way 2 given integral …
M1
⎧⎪u = x ⇒ ddux = 1 ⎫⎪ … or
⎨ dv 1 1 ⎬
u = x and dv
= 21 cos 2 x + 1
⎩⎪ dx = 2 cos 2 x + 2 ⇒ v = 4 sin 2 x + x⎪
1 1 dx 2
2 ⎭
= 1
4
x sin 2 x + 1
2
x2 −
∫( 1
4
sin 2 x + 1
2
x ) dx
1
= 1
x sin 2 x + 1
x 2 + 81 cos 2 x − 41 x 2 + c ( their answer to (a)) ; A1
4 2 2
or underlined expression

= x sin 2 x + cos 2 x + x 2 ( + c ) A1
[3]
Substitutes correctly
∫ ∫ ( )
Aliter (b) x cos 2 x dx = x 2 cos2 x − 1 dx
Way 3 for cos 2x in
∫ x cos 2x dx M1
∫
⇒ 2 x cos2 x dx −
∫ x dx = 1
2
x sin 2 x + 1
4
cos 2 x + c
1
1⎛ 1 ⎞ 1 ( their answer to (a)) ;
∫ ∫
1
⇒ x cos x dx = ⎜ x sin 2 x + cos 2 x ⎟ ; +
2
x dx 2 A1;
2⎝2 4 ⎠ 2 or underlined expression

= x sin 2 x + cos 2 x + x 2 ( + c ) A1
[3]
7 marks


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
4. (a) A method of long division gives,

Way 1
2(4 x 2 + 1) 4
≡ 2+ A=2 B1
(2x + 1)(2 x − 1) (2 x + 1)(2x − 1)
4 B C
≡ +
(2 x + 1)(2 x − 1) (2 x + 1) (2 x − 1)
4 ≡ B(2 x − 1) + C (2 x + 1) Forming any one of these two

M1
or their remainder, Dx + E ≡ B(2 x − 1) + C (2 x + 1) identities. Can be implied.
Let x = − 21 , 4 = − 2B ⇒ B = −2
See note below
either one of B = − 2 or C = 2 A1
Let x = 21 , 4 = 2C ⇒ C =2
both B and C correct A1
[4]
Aliter
2(4 x 2 + 1) B C
4. (a) ≡ A+ +
(2 x + 1)(2 x − 1) (2 x + 1) (2 x − 1)
Way 2
decide to award B1 here!! …
See below for the award of B1 … for A = 2 B1
2(4 x 2 + 1) ≡ A(2 x + 1)(2 x − 1) + B(2 x − 1) + C (2 x + 1) Forming this identity.

M1
Can be implied.
Equate x2, 8 = 4A ⇒ A=2
Let x = − 21 , 4 = − 2B ⇒ B = −2
See note below
either one of B = − 2 or C = 2 A1
Let x = 21 , 4 = 2C ⇒ C =2
both B and C correct A1
[4]
If a candidate states one of either

B or C correctly then the method
mark M1 can be implied.


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
2(4 x 2 + 1)
∫ ∫ 2 − (2x + 1) + (2x − 1) dx
2 2
4. (b) dx =
(2 x + 1)(2 x − 1)
= 2 x − 22 ln(2 x + 1) + 22 ln(2 x − 1) ( + c ) Either p ln(2 x + 1) or q ln(2 x − 1)

M1 ∗
or either p ln 2 x + 1 or q ln 2 x − 1
A → Ax B1
− ln(2 x + 1) + ln(2 x − 1)
2
2
2
2
A1
or − ln(2 x + 1) + ln(2 x − 1) cso & aef
See note below.
2
2(4 x 2 + 1)
∫ dx = [ 2 x − ln(2 x + 1) + ln(2 x − 1)] 1
2
(2 x + 1)(2 x − 1)
1
Substitutes limits of 2 and 1

= ( 4 − ln 5 + ln 3 ) − ( 2 − ln 3 + ln1) and subtracts the correct way round. depM1 ∗
(Invisible brackets okay.)
= 2 + ln 3 + ln 3 − ln 5
⎛ 3(3) ⎞ Use of correct product (or

= 2 + ln ⎜ ⎟ power) and/or quotient laws for
⎝ 5 ⎠ logarithms to obtain a single M1
logarithmic term for their numerical
expression.
⎛9⎞ ⎛9⎞
= 2 + ln ⎜ ⎟ 2 + ln ⎜ ⎟ A1
⎝5⎠ ⎝5⎠
Or 2 − ln ( 59 ) and k stated as 9
5
. [6]
10 marks
Some candidates may find rational values for B To award this M1 mark, the candidate
and C. They may combine the denominator of must use the appropriate law(s) of
their B or C with (2x +1) or (2x – 1). Hence: logarithms for their ln terms to give a
Either b(2ax −1) → k ln(b(2 x − 1)) or one single logarithmic term. Any error
a
b (2 x +1)
→ k ln(b(2 x + 1)) is okay for M1. in applying the laws of logarithms
would then earn M0.
Candidates are not allowed to fluke

− ln(2 x + 1) + ln(2 x − 1) for A1. Hence cso. If they
do fluke this, however, they can gain the final A1 Note: This is not a
mark for this part of the question. dependent method mark.


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
5. (a) If l1 and l2 intersect then:
⎛1⎞ ⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ 1⎞ ⎛2⎞
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎜ 0 ⎟ + λ ⎜ 1⎟ = ⎜ 3 ⎟ + µ ⎜ 1 ⎟
⎜ −1⎟ ⎜0⎟ ⎜6⎟ ⎜ −1⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
i : 1 + λ = 1 + 2µ (1)
Writes down any two of these equations
Any two of j : λ=3+ µ (2) M1
correctly.
k: −1 = 6 − µ (3)
(1) & (2) yields λ = 6, µ = 3 Solves two of the above equations to

find …
(1) & (3) yields λ = 14, µ =7 either one of λ or µ correct A1
(2) & (3) yields λ = 10, µ =7 both λ and µ correct A1
checking eqn (3), -1 ≠ 3 Complete method of putting their values

Either checking eqn (2), 14 ≠ 10 of λ and µ into a third equation to B1
checking eqn (1), 11 ≠ 15 show a contradiction.
or for example:
this type of explanation is also allowed
checking eqn (3), LHS = -1 , RHS = 3 for B1 .
⇒ Lines l1 and l2 do not intersect
[4]
Aliter
5. (a) k : −1 = 6 − µ ⇒ µ=7
Uses the k component to find µ
Way 2
i: 1 + λ = 1 + 2µ ⇒ 1 + λ = 1 + 2(7) and substitutes their value of µ
into either one of the i or j component. M1
j: λ=3+ µ ⇒ λ = 3 + (7)
i: λ = 14 either one of the λ ’s correct A1

j: λ = 10 both of the λ ’s correct A1
Either: These equations are then inconsistent

Or: 14 ≠ 10 Complete method giving rise to any one
of these three explanations. B1
Or: Lines l1 and l2 do not intersect
[4]


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
Aliter
5. (a) If l1 and l2 intersect then:
Way 3
⎛1⎞ ⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ 1⎞ ⎛2⎞
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎜ 0 ⎟ + λ ⎜ 1⎟ = ⎜ 3 ⎟ + µ ⎜ 1 ⎟
⎜ −1⎟ ⎜0⎟ ⎜6⎟ ⎜ −1⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
i : 1 + λ = 1 + 2µ (1)
Any two of j : λ=3+ µ (2) Writes down any two of these equations M1
k: −1 = 6 − µ (3)
(1) & (2) yields µ = 3 either one of the µ ’s correct A1

(3) yields µ = 7 both of the µ ’s correct A1
Either: These equations are then inconsistent

Or: 3≠ 7 Complete method giving rise to any one
of these three explanations. B1
Or: Lines l1 and l2 do not intersect
[4]
Aliter
i : 1 + λ = 1 + 2µ (1)
5. (a) Any two of j : λ=3+ µ (2) Writes down any two of these equations M1
Way 4 k: −1 = 6 − µ (3)
(1) & (2) yields µ = 3 µ =3 A1

(3) RHS = 6 − 3 = 3 RHS of (3) = 3 A1
(3) yields −1≠ 3 Complete method giving rise to this

explanation. B1
[4]


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
Only one of either

⎛2⎞ ⎛5⎞
⎛2⎞ ⎛5⎞ uuur ⎜ ⎟ uuur ⎜ ⎟
uuur ⎜ ⎟ uuur ⎜ ⎟ OA = ⎜ 1 ⎟ or OB = ⎜ 5 ⎟ or
5. (b) λ = 1 ⇒ OA = ⎜ 1 ⎟ & µ = 2 ⇒ OB = ⎜ 5 ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ 4⎟ B1
⎜ −1⎟ ⎜ 4⎟ ⎝ −1⎠ ⎝ ⎠
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
A(2,1, − 1) or B(5,5, 4) .
(can be implied)
⎛5⎞ ⎛ 2 ⎞ ⎛3⎞ ⎛ −3 ⎞
uuur uuur uuur ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ uuur ⎜ ⎟ Finding the difference between their
uuur uuur
AB = OB − OA = ⎜ 5 ⎟ − ⎜ 1 ⎟ = ⎜ 4 ⎟ or BA = ⎜ −4 ⎟ OB and OA . M1
⎜ 4 ⎟ ⎜ −1⎟ ⎜ 5 ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ −5 ⎠ (can be implied)
Applying the dot product formula

between “allowable” vectors. See M1
notes below.
uuur
AB = 3 i + 4 j + 5k , d 1 = i + j + 0k & θ is angle
uuur Applies dot product formula between

AB • d 1 ⎛3 + 4 + 0⎞ uuur
cos θ = uuur = ± ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ d 1 and their ± AB. M1
AB . d 1 ⎝ 50 . 2 ⎠
Correct expression. A1
cos θ = 7
10
7
10 or 0.7 or 7
100 A1 cao
but not 7 [6]
50 2
10 marks
Candidates can score this mark if there is a complete method for finding the
dot product between their vectors in the following cases:
uuur
Case 1: their ft ± AB = ± ( 3 i + 4 j + 5k ) Case 2: d 1 = i + j + 0k Case 3: d 1 = i + j + 0k
and d 1 = i + j + 0k and d 2 = 2i + j − 1k and d 2 = 2(2i + j − 1k )
⎛3 + 4 + 0⎞ 2 + 1+ 0 4+2+0
⇒ cos θ = ± ⎜⎜ ⇒ cos θ = ⇒ cos θ =
⎟⎟ 2. 6 2 . 24
⎝ 50 . 2 ⎠
uuur uuur
Case 4: their ft ± AB = ± ( 3 i + 4 j + 5k ) Case 5: their ft OA = 2 i + 1j − 1k
uuur
and d 2 = 2i + j − k and their ft OB = 5 i + 5 j + 4k
⎛6 + 4 − 5⎞ ⎛ 10 + 5 − 4 ⎞
⇒ cos θ = ± ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟ ⇒ cos θ = ± ⎜⎜ ⎟⎟
⎝ 50 . 6 ⎠ ⎝ 6 . 66 ⎠
Note: If candidate use cases 2, 3, 4 and 5 they cannot gain the final three marks for this part.
Note: Candidate can only gain some/all of the final three marks if they use case 1.


Examples of awarding of marks M1M1A1 in 5.(b)
Example Marks
50 . 2 cos θ = ± ( 3 + 4 + 0 ) M1M1A1
(Case 1)
2 . 6 cos θ = 3 M1M0A0
(Case 2)
2 . 24 cos θ = 4 + 2 M1M0A0
(Case 3)


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
6. (a) x = tan2 t , y = sin t
dx dy dx dy
= 2(tan t ) sec 2 t , = cos t Correct and B1
dt dt dt dt
± cos t
M1
dy cos t ⎛ cos t ⎞ 4
their ddxt
∴ = ⎜= ⎟
dx 2 tan t sec 2 t ⎝ 2 sin t ⎠ + cos t
A1
their ddxt
[3]
(b) When t = π4 , x =1, y = 1

2
(need values) (
The point 1, 1
2 ) or (1, awrt 0.71) B1, B1
These coordinates can be implied.
( y = sin ( π4 ) is not sufficient for B1)
π dy cos π4
When t = , m(T) = =
4 dx 2 tan π4 sec 2 π
4
1 1 1
1 2
= 2
= 2
= 2
= =
( ) ()
2 any of the five underlined expressions or
2.(1) 1 2.(1)(2) 4 2 8 B1 aef
2.(1) 1
1
1
2
awrt 0.18
2
Finding an equation of a tangent with

( x − 1)
their point and their tangent gradient or
T: y − 1
2
= 1
4 2 finds c by using
M1 aef
y = (their gradient)x + " c " .
T: y = 1
4 2
x+ 3
4 2
or y= 8
2
x + 3 82 Correct simplified
A1 aef cso
EXACT equation of tangent
or 1
2
= 1
4 2
(1) + c ⇒ c = 1
2
− 1
4 2
= 3
4 2
Hence T: y = 1
4 2
x+ 3
4 2
or y= 8
2
x+ 3 2
8
[5]
A candidate who incorrectly differentiates tan2 t to give

Note: The x and y coordinates
must be the right way round.
dx
dt
= 2 sec 2 t or ddxt = sec 4 t is then able to fluke the
correct answer in part (b). Such candidates can
potentially get: (a) B0M1A1 (b) B1B1B1M1A0 cso.
Note: cso means “correct solution only”.
Note: part (a) not fully correct implies candidate can
achieve a maximum of 4 out of 5 marks in part (b).


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
sin2 t
6. (c) x = tan2 t = y = sin t
cos2 t
Way 1
sin2 t
x= Uses cos2 t = 1 − sin2 t M1
1 − sin2 t
y2 Eliminates ‘t’ to write an equation

x= M1
1− y 2 involving x and y.
x (1 − y 2 ) = y 2 ⇒ x − xy 2 = y 2
Rearranging and factorising with an

x = y 2 + xy 2 ⇒ x = y 2 (1 + x ) ddM1
attempt to make y 2 the subject.
x x
y2 = A1
1+ x 1+ x
[4]
Aliter
6. (c) 1 + cot 2 t = co sec 2 t Uses 1 + cot 2 t = co sec 2 t M1
Way 2
1 1
= Uses cos ec 2 t = M1 implied
sin2 t sin2 t
1 1 Eliminates ‘t’ to write an equation

Hence, 1+ = 2 ddM1
x y involving x and y.
1 x 1 x
Hence, y 2 = 1 − or 1− or A1
(1 + x ) 1+ x (1 + x ) 1+ x
[4]
1
is an acceptable response for the final accuracy A1 mark.
1+ x1


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
Aliter
6. (c) x = tan2 t y = sin t
Way 3
1 + tan2 t = sec 2 t Uses 1 + tan2 t = sec 2 t M1
1 1
= Uses sec 2 t = M1
cos2 t cos2 t
1
=
1 − sin2 t
1 Eliminates ‘t’ to write an equation

Hence, 1+ x = ddM1
1− y 2 involving x and y.
1 x 1 x
Hence, y 2 = 1 − or 1− or A1
(1 + x ) 1+ x (1 + x ) 1+ x
[4]
Aliter
6. (c) y 2 = sin2 t = 1 − cos 2 t Uses sin2 t = 1 − cos2 t M1
Way 4
1 1
= 1− Uses cos2 t = M1
sec 2 t sec 2 t
1
= 1− then uses sec 2 t = 1 + tan2 t ddM1
(1 + tan2 t )
1 x 1 x
Hence, y 2 = 1 − or 1− or A1
(1 + x ) 1+ x (1 + x ) 1+ x
[4]
1
1+ x1


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
Aliter
6. (c) x = tan2 t y = sin t
Way 5
x = tan2 t ⇒ tan t = x
M1
Draws a right-angled triangle and places
(1 + x ) both x and 1 on the triangle
x
t Uses Pythagoras to deduce the

1 hypotenuse
M1
x Eliminates ‘t’ to write an equation

Hence, y = sin t = ddM1
1+ x involving x and y.
x x
Hence, y 2 = A1
1+ x 1+ x
[4]
12 marks
1
1+ x1
There are so many ways that a candidate can proceed with part (c). If a candidate produces a correct
solution then please award all four marks. If they use a method commensurate with the five ways as
detailed on the mark scheme then award the marks appropriately. If you are unsure of how to apply the
scheme please escalate your response up to your team leader.


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
π π 3π π
x 0 16 8 16 4
7. (a)
y 0 0.445995927… 0.643594252… 0.817421946… 1
Enter marks into ePEN in the correct order. 0.446 or awrt 0.44600 B1
awrt 0.64359 B1
awrt 0.81742 B1
0 can be [3]
implied
Outside brackets
1
2
× 16π or 32
π B1
For structure of trapezium
1 π
(b)
Way 1
Area ≈ ×
2 16
{
; × 0 + 2 ( 0.44600 + 0.64359 + 0.81742 ) + 1} { }
rule ............. ;
M1
Correct expression
inside brackets which all must
be multiplied by h2 . A1
π
= × 4.81402... = 0.472615308... = 0.4726 (4dp) for seeing 0.4726 A1 cao
32
[4]
π B1
and a divisor of 2 on all
{ }
0 + 0.44600 0.44600 + 0.64359 0.64359 + 0.81742 0.81742 + 1 16
Area ≈ π
16
× 2
+ 2
+ 2
+ 2 terms inside brackets.
One of first and last ordinates,
Aliter
two of the middle ordinates
(b) M1
which is equivalent to: inside brackets ignoring the 2.
Way 2
Correct expression inside
1 π brackets if 21 was to be
Area ≈ ×
2 16
{
; × 0 + 2 ( 0.44600 + 0.64359 + 0.81742 ) + 1} factorised out.
A1
π
= × 2.40701... = 0.472615308... = 0.4726 0.4726 A1 cao
16
[4]
Area = 1
2
× π
20
× {0 + 2(0.44600 + 0.64359 + 0.81742) + 1} = 0.3781, gains B0M1A1A0
In (a) for x = π
16
writing 0.4459959… then 0.45600 gains B1 for awrt 0.44600 even though 0.45600 is incorrect.
In (b) you can follow though a candidate’s values from part (a) to award M1 ft, A1 ft
Question
Scheme Marks
Number


∫( ) ∫ tan x dx
2
π π
tan x dx or
∫( )
4 4
Volume = (π ) (π ) ∫ tan x dx
2
7. (c) tan x dx = Can be implied. M1
0 0
Ignore limits and (π )
tan x → ln sec x
= (π ) [ln sec x ] 04 or = (π ) [ − ln cos x ] 04
π π
A1
or tan x → − ln cos x
The correct use of limits on a

= (π ) ⎡⎣( ln sec π4 ) − ( ln sec 0 ) ⎤⎦ function other than tan x; ie
x = π4 ‘minus’ x = 0 .
or dM1
= (π ) ⎡⎣( − ln cos 4 ) − ( ln cos 0 ) ⎤⎦
π ln(sec 0) = 0 may be
implied. Ignore (π )
= π ⎡ln
⎢⎣ ( ) − ln ( )⎤⎥⎦ = π ⎡⎣ln
1
1
2
1
1
2 − ln1⎤
⎦
or
= π ⎡ − ln
⎣ ( ) − ln (1)⎤⎦
1
2
π ln 2 or π ln 2
2
= π ln 2 or π ln 2
2
or 1
2
π ln 2 or −π ln ( ) or
1
2
π
2
ln ( 21 ) or 1
2
π ln 2 or −π ln ( )1
2
A1 aef
or π
2
ln ( 21 )
must be exact. [4]
11 marks
If a candidate gives the correct exact answer and then writes 1.088779…, then such a candidate can
be awarded A1 (aef). The subsequent working would then be ignored. (isw)
Beware: In part (c) the factor of π is not needed for the first three marks.
Beware: In part (b) a candidate can also add up individual trapezia in this way:
( )
Area ≈ 21 . 16π ( 0 + 0.44600 ) + 21 . 16π ( 0.44600 + 0.64359 ) + 21 . 16π 0.64359 + 0.81742 + 21 . 16π ( 0.81742 + 1)


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
dP
8. (a) = kP and t = 0, P = P0 (1)
dt
Separates the variables with
∫P ∫ k dt on either
dP
∫ ∫
dP and
= k dt M1
P
side with integral signs not
necessary.
Must see ln P and kt ;

ln P = kt ; ( + c ) Correct equation with/without + A1
c.
When t = 0, P = P0 ⇒ ln P0 = c Use of boundary condition (1)
( or )
to attempt to find the constant of M1
P = Ae kt ⇒ P0 = A integration.
ln P = kt + ln P0 ⇒ eln P = e kt + ln P0 = e kt .eln P0
Hence, P = P0 e kt P = P0 e kt A1
[4]
Substitutes P = 2P0 into an

(b) P = 2P0 & k = 2.5 ⇒ 2P0 = P0 e 2.5 t M1
expression involving P
e 2.5t = 2 ⇒ ln e 2.5t = ln 2 or 2.5t = ln 2 Eliminates P0 and takes

M1
…or e kt
= 2 ⇒ ln e kt
= ln 2 or kt = ln 2 ln of both sides
⇒ t = 1
2.5
ln 2 = 0.277258872... days
t = 0.277258872... × 24 × 60 = 399.252776... minutes
awrt t = 399 or
t = 399min or t = 6 hr 39 mins (to nearest minute) A1
6 hr 39 mins
[3]
P = P0 e kt written down without the first M1 mark given scores all four marks in part (a).


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
dP
8. (c) = λP cos λ t and t = 0, P = P0 (1)
dt
∫P ∫ λ cos λt dt on
dP
∫ ∫
dP and
= λ cos λ t dt M1
P
either side with integral signs
not necessary.
Must see ln P and sin λ t ;

ln P = sin λt ; ( + c ) Correct equation with/without + A1
c.
When t = 0, P = P0 ⇒ ln P0 = c Use of boundary condition (1)
( or )
P = Ae sin λt ⇒ P0 = A integration.
ln P = sin λ t + ln P0 ⇒ eln P = e sin λt + ln P0 = e sin λt .eln P0
Hence, P = P0 e sin λt P = P0 e sin λt A1

[4]
(d) P = 2P0 & λ = 2.5 ⇒ 2P0 = P0 e sin2.5 t
e sin2.5t = 2 ⇒ sin 2.5t = ln 2 Eliminates P0 and makes

sin λ t or sin 2.5t the subject M1
…or … e λt = 2 ⇒ sin λ t = ln 2
by taking ln’s
t = 1
2.5
sin−1 ( ln 2 ) Then rearranges
dM1
to make t the subject.
(must use sin-1)
t = 0.306338477...
t = 0.306338477... × 24 × 60 = 441.1274082... minutes
awrt t = 441 or
t = 441min or t = 7 hr 21 mins (to nearest minute) A1
7 hr 21 mins
[3]
14 marks
P = P0 e sin λt written down without the first M1 mark given scores all four marks in part (c).


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
dP
= kP and t = 0, P = P0 (1)
dt
∫ kP ∫ dt on either side
Aliter dP
∫ ∫
dP and
8. (a) = 1 dt M1
Way 2 kP
with integral signs not
necessary.
1
Must see ln P and t ;
ln P = t ; ( + c )
k
1
k Correct equation with/without + A1
c.
When t = 0, P = P0 ⇒ 1
k
ln P0 = c Use of boundary condition (1)
( or )
P = Ae kt ⇒ P0 = A integration.
1
k
ln P = t + k1 ln P0 ⇒ ln P = kt + ln P0
⇒ eln P = e kt + ln P0 = e kt .eln P0
[4]
∫ ∫ dt on either side
Aliter dP
∫ ∫ 1 dt
dP and
8. (a) = kP M1
Way 3 kP
with integral signs not
necessary.
Must see 1
ln ( kP ) and t ;
ln ( kP ) = t ; ( + c )
k
1
k Correct equation with/without + A1
c.
t = 0, P = P0 ⇒ k1 ln ( kP0 ) = c Use of boundary condition (1)

When
( or )
kP = Ae kt ⇒ kP0 = A integration.
1
k
ln ( kP ) = t + k1 ln ( kP0 ) ⇒ ln ( kP ) = kt + ln ( kP0 )
ln( kP ) kt + ln( kP0 ) ln( kP0 )
⇒e =e = e kt .e
⇒ kP = e kt . ( kP0 ) ⇒ kP = kP0 e kt
( or kP = kP0 e kt )
[4]
Question
Scheme Marks
Number


dP
= λ P cos λ t and t = 0, P = P0 (1)
dt
∫ λP and ∫ cos λt dt on
Aliter dP
∫ ∫
dP
8. (c) = cos λ t dt M1
Way 2 λP
not necessary.
Must see λ
1
ln P and 1
λ sin λ t ;
λ ln P = λ sin λ t ; ( + c )
1 1
Correct equation with/without + A1
c.
When t = 0, P = P0 ⇒ 1
λ ln P0 = c Use of boundary condition (1)
( or )
sin λ t to attempt to find the constant of M1
P = Ae ⇒ P0 = A integration.
1
λ ln P = 1
λ sin λ t + λ1 ln P0 ⇒ ln P = sin λ t + ln P0
⇒ eln P = e sin λt + ln P0 = e sin λt .eln P0

[4]
P = P0 e kt written down without the first M1 mark given scores all four marks in part (a).
P = P0 e sin λt written down without the first M1 mark given scores all four marks in part (c).


Question
Scheme Marks
Number
dP
= λ P cos λ t and t = 0, P = P0 (1)
dt
∫ λP and ∫ cos λt dt on
Aliter dP
∫ ∫
dP
8. (c) = cos λ t dt M1
Way 3 λP
not necessary.
Must see 1
λ ln ( λ P ) and
1
ln ( λ P ) = 1
sin λ t ; ( + c )
1
λ sin λ t ; A1
λ λ
Correct equation with/without +
c.
When t = 0, P = P0 ⇒ 1
λ ln ( λ P0 ) = c Use of boundary condition (1)
( or λ P = Ae sin λt ⇒ λP0 = A )
integration.
1
λ ln ( λ P ) = λ
1
sin λ t + λ1 ln ( λ P0 )
⇒ ln ( λ P ) = sin λ t + ln ( λ P0 )
ln( λ P ) sin λ t + ln( λ P0 ) ln( λ P0 )

⇒e =e = e sin λt .e
⇒ λ P = e sin λt . ( λ P0 )
( or λ P = λ P0 e sin λt )

[4]
• Note: dM1 denotes a method mark which is dependent upon the award of the previous method mark.
ddM1 denotes a method mark which is dependent upon the award of the previous two method marks.
depM1 ∗ denotes a method mark which is dependent upon the award of M1∗ .
ft denotes “follow through”
cao denotes “correct answer only”
aef denotes “any equivalent form”


Math May 2007 MS C4

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Mark Scheme (Results)

Core Mathematics C4 (6666)

© Science Exam Papers

⎧ ( −3)( −4) 2x 2 ( −3)( −4)( −5) 2x 3 ⎫

Note: You would award: B1M1A0 for

6666/01 Core Maths C4 2 25th June 2007

© Science Exam Papers

Attempts using Maclaurin expansions need to be escalated up to your team leader.

Special Case: If you see the

6666/01 Core Maths C4 3 25th June 2007

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⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ −1 ⎞ (u + 1)−2 → a(u + 1)−1 M1

change limits: when x = 0 & x = 1 then u = 1 & u = 2

1 ⎡⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎤ Correct use of limits

1 ⎡⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎤ Correct use of limits

If you see this integration There are other acceptable

6666/01 Core Maths C4 4 25th June 2007

© Science Exam Papers

(see note below)

1 1 1 Completely correct expression

6666/01 Core Maths C4 5 25th June 2007

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Aliter Substitutes correctly

1 1 1 Completely correct expression

1 1 1 Completely correct expression

6666/01 Core Maths C4 6 25th June 2007

© Science Exam Papers

4. (a) A method of long division gives,

4 ≡ B(2 x − 1) + C (2 x + 1) Forming any one of these two

2(4 x 2 + 1) ≡ A(2 x + 1)(2 x − 1) + B(2 x − 1) + C (2 x + 1) Forming this identity.

Equate x2, 8 = 4A ⇒ A=2

If a candidate states one of either

6666/01 Core Maths C4 7 25th June 2007

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= 2 x − 22 ln(2 x + 1) + 22 ln(2 x − 1) ( + c ) Either p ln(2 x + 1) or q ln(2 x − 1)

Substitutes limits of 2 and 1

⎛ 3(3) ⎞ Use of correct product (or

Candidates are not allowed to fluke

6666/01 Core Maths C4 8 25th June 2007

© Science Exam Papers

5. (a) If l1 and l2 intersect then:

(1) & (2) yields λ = 6, µ = 3 Solves two of the above equations to

checking eqn (3), -1 ≠ 3 Complete method of putting their values

i: λ = 14 either one of the λ ’s correct A1

Either: These equations are then inconsistent

6666/01 Core Maths C4 9 25th June 2007

© Science Exam Papers

(1) & (2) yields µ = 3 either one of the µ ’s correct A1

Either: These equations are then inconsistent

(1) & (2) yields µ = 3 µ =3 A1

(3) yields −1≠ 3 Complete method giving rise to this

6666/01 Core Maths C4 10 25th June 2007

© Science Exam Papers

Only one of either

Applying the dot product formula

uuur Applies dot product formula between

6666/01 Core Maths C4 11 25th June 2007

© Science Exam Papers

6666/01 Core Maths C4 12 25th June 2007

© Science Exam Papers

6. (a) x = tan2 t , y = sin t

(b) When t = π4 , x =1, y = 1

Finding an equation of a tangent with

A candidate who incorrectly differentiates tan2 t to give