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(Semester1, 2015/2016)
Figure 2
3.
P, kPa
150
1600
v m3/kg
Phase description
0.021659
40000
Liquid-vapor mixture, x = 80%
P, kPa
250
200
800
200
140
80
500
160
5000
h or u kJ/kg
u=?
h=?
u=?
h=?
h = 1800
u=?
h=?
u=?
h=?
x (if applicable)
Phase description
Saturated liquid
0.7
P, kPa
500
h, kJ/kg
v, m3/kg
Phase description
Saturated mixture (x = 0.6)
0.022
320
600
Saturated vapour
4. Carbon-dioxide (CO2) gas at 3 MPa and 500 K flows steadily in a pipe at a rate of 0.4 kmol/s
in Figure 2. Determine (a) the volume and mass flow rates and the density of CO 2 at the state. If
CO 2 is cooled at constant pressure as it flows in the pipe so that the temperature of CO 2 drops to
450 K at the exit of the pipe, determine (b) the volume flow rate at the exit of the pipe.
[Answer: (a) 0.5543 m3/s, 17.6 kg/s, 31.75 kg/m3 (b) 0.4988 m3/s]
3. 0.8 kg of saturated liquid R-134a with an initial temperature of -5C is contained in a wellinsulated, weighted piston-cylinder device in Figure 2. The device contains an electric resistor to
which 10 volts are applied causing a current of 2 amperes to flow through the resistor. Determine
the time required for the refrigerant to be converted to a saturated vapor, and the final
temperature.
[Answers: 2.25h, -5 C]
4. A frictionless piston-cylinder device initially contains air at 100 kPa and 0.15 m3, shown in
Figure 3. At this stage, a linear spring (F x) is touching the piston but exerts no force on it.
The air is now heated to a final state of 0.45 m3 and 800 kPa. Determine (a) the total work done
by the air, (b) the work done against the spring. Also show the process on P-V diagram.
[Answers: (a) 135 kJ, (b) 105 kJ]
2. Steam flows steadily through an adiabatic turbine, as demonstrated in Figure 2. The inlet
conditions of the steam are 6 MPa, 400 C and 80 m/s and the exit conditions are 40 kPa, 92
percent quality and 50 m/s. The mass flow rate of the steam is 20 kg/s. Determine (a) the change
in kinetic energy, (b) the power output and (c) the turbine inlet area.
[Answers: (a) 1.95kJ/kg reducing, (b)14.6MW, (c)0.0119m2]
3. Liquid water enters a mixing chamber at 300 kPa and 20C at a rate of 1.8 kg/s. and is mixed
with superheated steam at 300 kPa and 300C in Figure 3. If the mixture is to leave the chamber
at 60C, determine the mass flow rate of the superheated steam required.
[Answer: 0.107 kg/s]
4. A computer cooled by a fan contains eight PCBs, each dissipating 10 W power in Figure 4.
The height of the PCBs is 12 cm and the length is 18 cm. The cooling air is supplied by a 25-W
fan mounted at the inlet. If the temperature rise of air as it flows through the case of the computer
is not to exceed 10C, determine (a) the flow rate of the air that the fan needs to deliver and (b)
the fraction of the temperature rise of air that is due to the heat generated by the fan and its
motor.
[Answers: (a) 0.0104 kg/s, (b) 24 percent]