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Scheme of Examination 

Paper
Patterns of Question papers Negative Marks for wrong Answer
Code
1
Q.1 to Q.25: Will carry one mark /3 mark will be deducted for each wrong
each (sub-total 25 marks). answer.
Q.26 to Q.55: Will carry two marks 2/3 mark will be deducted for each wrong
each (sub-total 60 marks) answer.
Q.48 through Q.51 (2 pairs) will be 2
/3 mark will be deducted for each wrong
common data questions. Each
answer.
question will carry two marks
Question pairs (Q.52, Q.53) and There will be negative marks only for
(Q.54, Q.55) will be linked answer wrong answer to the first question of the
questions. linked answer question pair i.e. for Q.52
The answer to the second question of and Q.54, 2/3mark will be deducted for
the last two pairs will depend on the each wrong answer. There is no negative
answer to the first question of the marking for Q.53 and Q.55.
BT pair.
If the first question in the linked pair
is wrongly answered or is un-
attempted, then the answer to the
second question in the pair will not
be evaluated. Each question will
carry two marks
Q.56 to Q.60 : From General 1
/3 mark will be deducted for each wrong
Aptitude (GA) will carry one mark
answer.
each (sub-total 5 marks).
Q.61 to Q.65 : From GA will carry 2/3 mark will be deducted for each wrong
two marks each (sub-total 10 marks) answer.
Papers bearing the codes BT will contain few questions on Engineering
Mathematics carrying 15 marks.
 
Syllabus 

Linear Algebra: Matrices and determinants, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and Eigen 
vectors. 
 
Calculus: Limit,  continuity  and  differentiability,  Partial  derivatives,  Maxima  and  minima, 
Sequences and series, Test for convergence, Fourier Series. 

Differential Equations: Linear and nonlinear first order ODEs, higher order ODEs with constant 
coefficients, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations, Laplace transforms, PDE‐ Laplace, heat and wave 
equations. 
 
Probability  and  Statistics: Mean,  median,  mode  and  standard  deviation,  Random  variables, 
Poisson,  normal  and  binomial  distributions,  Correlation  and  regression  analysis. 
 
Numerical  Methods: Solution  of  linear  and  nonlinear  algebraic  equations,  Integration  of 
trapezoidal  and  Simpson’s  rule,  Single  and  multistep  methods  for  differential  equations. 
 
Microbiology: Prokaryotic  and  eukaryotic  cell  structure;  Microbial  nutrition,  growth  and 
control;  Microbial  metabolism  (aerobic  and  anaerobic  respiration,  photosynthesis);  Nitrogen 
fixation;  Chemical  basis  of  mutations  and  mutagens;  Microbial  genetics  (plasmids, 
transformation,  transduction,  conjugation);  Microbial  diversity  and  characteristic  features; 
Viruses. 
 
Biochemistry: Biomolecules  and  their  conformation;  Ramachandran  map;  Weak  inter‐
molecular  interactions  in  biomacromolecules;  Chemical  and  functional  nature  of  enzymes; 
Kinetics  of  single  substrate  and  bi‐substrate  enzyme  catalyzed  reactions;  Bioenergetics; 
Metabolism (Glycolysis, TCA and Oxidative phosphorylation); Membrane transport and pumps; 
Cell  cycle  and  cell  growth  control;  Cell  signaling  and  signal  transduction;  Biochemical  and 
biophysical techniques for macromolecular analysis. 

 
Molecular  Biology  and  Genetics: Molecular  structure  of  genes  and  chromosomes;  DNA 
replication  and  control;  Transcription  and  its  control;  Translational  processes;  Regulatory 
controls  in  prokaryotes  and  eukaryotes;  Mendelian  inheritance;  Gene  interaction; 
Complementation;  Linkage,  recombination  and  chromosome  mapping;  Extrachromosomal 
inheritance;  Chromosomal  variation;  Population  genetics;  Transposable  elements,  Molecular 
basis of genetic diseases and applications. 
 
 
Process  Biotechnology: Bioprocess  technology  for  the  production  of  cell  biomass  and 
primary/secondary  metabolites,  such  as  baker’s  yeast,  ethanol,  citric  acid,  amino  acids,  exo‐
polysacharides, antibiotics and pigments etc.; Microbial production, purification and bioprocess 
application(s) of industrial enzymes; Production and purification of recombinant proteins on a 
large scale; Chromatographic and membrane based bioseparation methods; Immobilization of 
enzymes  and  cells  and  their  application  for  bioconversion  processes.  Aerobic  and  anaerobic 
biological processes for stabilization of solid / liquid wastes; Bioremediation. 

Bioprocess  Engineering: Kinetics  of  microbial  growth,  substrate  utilization  and  product 


formation;  Simple  structured  models;  Sterilization  of  air  and  media;  Batch,  fed‐batch  and 
continuous  processes;  Aeration  and  agitation;  Mass  transfer  in  bioreactors;  Rheology  of 
fermentation  fluids;  Scale‐up  concepts;  Design  of  fermentation  media;  Various  types  of 
microbial and enzyme reactors; Instrumentation in bioreactors. 

Plant and Animal Biotechnology: Special features and organization of plant cells; Totipotency; 
Regeneration  of  plants;  Plant  products  of  industrial  importance;  Biochemistry  of  major 
metabolic  pathways  and  products;  Autotrophic  and  heterotrophic  growth;  Plant  growth 
regulators and elicitors; Cell suspension culture development: methodology, kinetics of growth 
and production formation, nutrient optimization; Production of secondary metabolites by plant 
suspension  cultures;  Hairy  root  cultures  and  their  cultivation.  Techniques  in  raising 
transgencies. 
 
Characteristics  of  animal  cells: Metabolism,  regulation  and  nutritional  requirements  for  mass 
cultivation of animal cell cultures; Kinetics of cell growth and product formation and effect of 
shear  force;  Product  and  substrate  transport;  Micro  &  macro‐carrier  culture;  Hybridoma 
technology;  Live  stock  improvement;  Cloning  in  animals;  Genetic  engineering  in  animal  cell 
culture; Animal cell preservation. 

Immunology: The  origin  of  immunology;  Inherent  immunity;  Humoral  and  cell  mediated 
immunity;  Primary  and  secondary  lymphoid  organ;  Antigen;  B  and  T  cells  and  Macrophages; 
Major  histocompatibility  complex  (MHC);  Antigen  processing  and  presentation;  Synthesis  of 
antibody  and  secretion;  Molecular  basis  of  antibody  diversity;  Polyclonal  and  monoclonal 
antibody;  Complement;  Antigen‐antibody  reaction;  Regulation  of  immune  response;  Immune 
tolerance; Hyper sensitivity; Autoimmunity; Graft versus host reaction. 

Recombinant  DNA  Technology: Restriction  and  modification  enzymes;  Vectors:  plasmid, 


bacteriophage and other viral vectors, cosmids, Ti plasmid, yeast artificial chromosome; cDNA 
and genomic DNA library; Gene isolation; Gene cloning; Expression of cloned gene; Transposons 
and  gene  targeting;  DNA  labeling;  DNA  sequencing;  Polymerase  chain  reactions;  DNA 
fingerprinting; Southern and northern blotting; In‐situ hybridization; RAPD; RFLP; Site‐directed 
mutagenesis; Gene transfer technologies; Gene therapy. 

Bioinformatics: Major  bioinformatics  resources  (NCBI,  EBI,  ExPASy);  Sequence  and  structure 


databases; Sequence analysis (biomolecular sequence file formats, scoring matrices, sequence 
alignment,  phylogeny);  Genomics  and  Proteomics  (Large  scale  genome  sequencing  strategies; 
Comparative  genomics;  Understanding  DNA  microarrays  and  protein  arrays);  Molecular 
modeling and simulations (basic concepts including concept of force fields). 

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