T o^\T

v |g<

L Me" MXmX d6 w|@ m@ meT

/ / :=mv
/ :gcA

***

!#* &
sayedfadlullah@gmail.com
info@tawasolonline.net
info@fadlullahlibrary.com

***

+ & # &
www.sayedfadlullah.org
www.tawasolonline.net
www.fadlullahlibrary.com
youtube/tawasolonline
youtube/sayyedfadlullah
Facebook:
SayyedFadlullah

obX
oXm^T [Q zg T ?|B oX^T
w =

|wzZ=

|wzZ=
= dS
phLne@ p]InfU p>ncU }= qT

n [i
nR ..|w ngaU kY n[i nhdL phS}_U qB

^L i
{S
Tnx UnH
e\e= ~heY

n h=

H fU
nwnS YH nfxn> R ?
hL oh=
..LdL
ng>]B nwnY
{@ peJnR odS

nS }x[> R n[i {hU

qL{= {bU

Y P a][eU ohU pfx{Y U ni|Bj> =}T

}bU }TnH{U U U {_= }U dU qh= U nfw

_Y QhU @ }RA ng>jJ U JnfeU

..=}T U U A n T

B {Y }x[= =}T R
nhdL nf>

naJ }x~Q }x }aU }gi ~A n[i

..In]L hU

ywiT mf^dw T @

hU pYneL h= A odbU h_= ni{wnI

}U }h[= ni}[= pax}ZU {h= dU H hH

wnY }g]U pUH HnbU n_U }T dL

}x}= ohA }hw g_Y =}T dL }>

..n phb= .. @

bg\K cT {hA n aS QhU ni{wnI

..gT{T m\K zg<

x{x h= }R}x h}U dU {L a]U ni{wnI

..=|eU }h]UnT

ph
nghx QhU nY ofx n= ni{wnI
.m g? cK
cK
aY= zA
Yd= n=

qeH
phfhU pedeU n[i {hU

nh@ ngde> phUnH pibx ng@}B ngdS {e=

hH nh@ |gU H}x

nwi s w hedeU

hwnaeU px}A
Y LU U d U Y }U

..pY}cU }hU U
R H n U

hU zxnU nL ..zxnU ng_ex U A

|wzZ=

pg@Y R U
nedT cU {x{@ Y ng_ehU

hd\U }hacU @ R H pAneH JnU

..d`U
pR}U =nbY pfheU x{U haU

R
phYH
B B b> U T

{i nw {ei
U de_U
}^fU
nw{_= R

U pZB w QhU ? Y ngeUn_Y

..fY in_i neY
} hT Y

|w }Zfi RnbU YH ~T}eU R i

Yki nfiR n[i nhdL {hU p>ncdU ncU

_hd]U
nw |Bj> `fx nSn]U |w Y

}ZeU nT qh> R pY hb> R UnH}U

.YH n\U

ReU dU

QmaT
XG
}S|dT |wzX

GdT zdX
g`H

w|Y= / v |T |X

***
7

wza=

wza=
fSkx UnhdU {A R fU fSnR
nT U nY :ai R qdS nx |w }_U
= ijT bhH nT }> nY nffh= QhU
Un= nY :n AneY U bx
!}T qi = }ca>
Y pfU nI {hH qi dY f cU :qdbR
.pfU R bhR T nghU _H U YA
:qdbR }_U R {x nY :nbR
U @ .} x }_U
{ S qijR .hR }cR

{_U hb> [U
{A @ }hh`U }hY
nfT}> nfi {x nY .JeU pY}T n@

h_\U
nfhR bU
Tjx hU nf gfY

nei oA
Tjx cU
ngi :nS o\`R .cU
nfd T dL p_hI Y ni .U {L nx pHnhU

ywiT mf^dw T @

U hdL dU d dU H {@
pf H dL qhU

nfU }x}U _U nf_ex H fR .dH

U px q> {_U hb>
.nfgfY dU

.ni egax U x{U egax U kw

qHnR .nfx }aU af= }_I U

i R }> ~> nY dU H H nedT

}Y
.=HnA na dY R ng= n ^aY ngcR

}Z>
iL{> n[i nhdL qUn= nx

zxjU ex U U ng>U pY{bY

ngU oT j=

{x{@ dHj= QhU L p?{Y

ngfL

|gU L Un= dL }J nY ncR {Y

.pY{beU px{= cU }JnU

}caU R heL }hT @nw }hh`U @nw

ni{x
nfhdL }]x x T
.ini zxjU

nfi {x S oh`Un= hfYkedU .}hT pdH

Y nf> Y inH dU L [>

\i

ng= x}B nfai ~di {_= Y ng= fbi ?

10

wza=

dU pSnaeU !ng= inH dU A ~di =

dH B Y inH > L }L
{S inH

}B hH Y nY T
pbx}]Un= hdL }_fU

ng@U nY Y nY w nwn\> U [Un=

inH dU [U
|w Y .}ZU

y[x
U n]B T
cU B{x
(ox)

{> ox cU .}ZU ng= bx

oh[> ox R q?{A
Y !x Y
}\Un= }_i nfi
x nY x Y T
R QhU dbx U nY |w !x Y

cx Y R h_x iT A .}hh`U gfY

nA {S nT TnU TnU w hR H

ax R Za> {S d^U [U n@ L
h]i ei }hcU nfU gU U
H
}hU cx U dH U hdL dU d dU H

pLn]U eU gaeU ]U gaU |g=

? nY |w . R dU ni pRB gaeU
hU ]L >? B Y
pUbY ]U n
11

ywiT mf^dw T @

.(_ZU hR x{U) : }hQ TnY

U nf>}S w .= nY nhU

.}B nhi{U R ni}n[Y [> i Y {>

H nL }Y nfU bx fhU sgfeU

}wn^Y xY {_ddR .@Y {_U f_x

c> bUn= nfU bhU n@ nei x{U

.px{= {dU pf @ x}J R }B pf @ nhi{U
T
h hUkY ex
|w dL JY

[ : n]U] } f T m< v mX *
Z Q a T

>}S dL nf= af= ai ni Tnx cU

o e g < K @ X g w o e g < K c v X c f g T
d T c T
.[ : nai] g
cK g

gR .fL dU QhU egR nY |w

f cU dL hR}U U nbd U Y dL nfSnR {S

.{bi }_fU sgfeU SeU }>

A nfU bf> g_eU ngL}= nhdL qU

.nY~U U R p_SU R qinT ne@ Y

12

wza=

U }ZU q^_> n> qed c> ne@

.n_> n= Un=
phdY pdA zxjU ng_ex U A
.}_Un= pi~Y SeUn= }B }LnZeUn=
..ngaS = Q}> U ng= >{= pdA

hzX T zK

g< /^dX Hmh n=mS

***

13

oX zadT

oXzadT

}T Y QhU nY p\gi qU nY

e_U hU ini zxjU R {A w

oA ng=n dL }@ nY pLn^R ng>nHjY

ngR{w pe^L afU dL nw}h?j> e_U nei

ngR{w phA px}hh`> p\gfT ngnY eH

ni
.JU ? Y

p\gfU d> qU nY {x{ZU HU cU

Y ce>
U pbh
} R phA px}hh`U

U U
pheUn_U U U
}T ph\S

R niU
U U oH _x Un_U T

R y@nfU L R
fbx U x|U hedeU
cZ= phfhU pUnH}U n[x
eUnL }J |@
15

ywiT mf^dw T @

Y f[x n _Y dbU b_U oJnx

afU Tn> pheUnL phini p h\S
=}T pedY

nga`I R px}ZU
H .pex}cU nhU px}dU

pedeU |w hwnaY }J Y dL U nT

.ngI x{b>

pddH p=nT dL nL |fY qacL U|U

}S
He= naA nbeU Y
{bR ..}Y

{h_= pnU
bx}]= QhUn= aA

}cU px}hh`U p\gfU d> qwI

bJ L
nA U e^_U phYH hwnaeU qwI

p dL nwx =n QhU
Y~U
.w{_= h> cU
R nS{ B Y e@ pQ dL nf=

_U
nT cI dL nw}Zi nbeU |w h?>
n _Y odbU b_U nx nT }T cZ= ng>{nR
=}>
U phini phfhU p\gfU hwnaY R

peU yYnU }hU px}U dL ni

16

oX zadT

{bU nci \U |U
px_U
R {x neT }hac> }B hb> phw}cU
Y }hcU
.U p\gfU |w nT|H n]Y

nT|H R {x{@ p e[= q_ {S T pdY

=}U ini ngYgae= phfhU p\gfU
Un_Y Y }hcU I
|U h\U
w|eU gaeU
pY}cU ~_U
px}Un= p\=nfU phU

[U d>
_Y Y{= QhU ngeH U pAd U d>
w }hB w x|U =n h= w ph_e= }cR
Zx}= QhU ngeH n }hB
.dU pAU ...nhU pAU nfU cU pLnU
mZh mgcK

.bU Un_> dU pdnH

***

17

Z`T
!wzeaT zgG X

19

wzeaT zgG X : Z`T

!dx{fS nf Y {A cU

..{A odbdU ..{A b_dU

!! {A } ZhdR x{fS U hU Y

hx Un_U R ncY
R n SH {x U f cU
.xnfbU Y fU |w

(Y) (qTnY }=H)

R {x U
negY f[Y
h]x i}cU }Y A
.xnfbU Y |gT n Li f[x hfgY
>naT q`d=

...hR dx{fS {> dL nS {A ncY

!!(qi)

R n _=nS dx{fS {> dB R

d ]x nY T
R }> R >{@ lR !{> }^fx hU

.{A odbdU {A b_dU }T|>

..nbx

21

ywiT mf^dw T @

n[= dL ncR h_x b_U x{fS

p}R }cadU
yhx pH= R{U pT}U

fU nY R {=
x{fbU
wnfYU
@}H

.pR}_eU dhR pecU

dL hHnA }LnZeU h_x odbU x{fS

n_Y B Y LnaU nghdL gx }I

UnL R }U yR peA}U yYnU oU

.pdh\aU }hU n]_Un= @U

nfhR xnfbU {[> nhA _= R ..cU

nfR ..nfUA nehR nfhR pd _U nghgU x
d@ dL ng= h_i }B i Y xnfS U
xnfbU) ngefU
{x{@ Y ogd U n_I {[U

nw{eU
odbU b_U xnfS {in> ({inU

{inU xnfbU .|RnfU }h[U phLU n=

phfY p]Y
x{U
R n B n =nT c> ne=

nY n ?{A nY p h[I
ngUB Y }\i phincY

}I n[= nL R }Bj= pbx}]= wnx

22

wzeaT zgG X : Z`T

.}U }caU ~hUnw R p_=nbU ph>|U

nfdxnfS U

hR qi~ B {bY
Y {inU xnfbU d> Y

!!Y
eUn= k
Y Y nhU in_Y T
!nhA {U Y

Y }Y
T
}gI Y }In_U hU InL

..nhA {U Y f cU eUn= }\Y

Y nL

{Y dL eU |w n dUn= H
phA
}T|U qY nY nhA gR nY [_U

Y eU U r_= ne= gx{x}Y ai R

nhA pY}cU ~_U
nhA nfU ai R nhA
.>}B nhi R }A
cx eU px}U
xnfbU ^L Y Q hU nY ?

U x}J ni ? .}U }cadU {inU

}baU {
}A
? nHkU ngdeA px}A

R nh`]U d^U U
.ncY nY T
R }A x{fS Q hU x{fS
T
d^U {
x{fS Li c=
x}nU x{fS ..Un_U
23

ywiT mf^dw T @

x{fS naf U `U
|cU @= hn`U

d> gUn[Y gw dL h\afeU

}H w{hb>
w{_> yUn[eU w

.ng>nQ}U
JnU {
x{fS Q hU x{fS

}_eUn= x}Y }hU U hLnU x{fS

x{fS Q hU x{fS }cfeU L hwnfU

x{fS n\`U phw}cU nS}J R heU

x{fS nx}cU nbi nwnY R hYneU

U
Rn _U

x{fS h`U heKncU nfU L h

.{_U }U nx @ R
@= nhU x{fS QhU x{fS
T

..}hT zhI }Y aJ Y ng[`x {x}x Y

}wn^eU h\R}U x{fS QhU x{fS

}gS Lne@ nafU pehefU {U x~U

.ni hB ni

Y x {Sx {bY
x{fS QhU x{fS
24

wzeaT zgG X : Z`T

..(dU oA)
:x ph=}Q
pTnY }I

phS}I

dU nT Y cex {x cex U|U

w [fY UnY >}hZL dw Y hU oA

.p=ncU hinY Un[Y

x{fS _H nf? nT U|U

pedY {S Y
.gd T nfU ..}Y
Y }In_U x R nx}cU

Y~U {Ln> Q nY QhU x{fS

U }x dL nS

w eU nhUn= n wY

x{fbU |w px dL nS heU hU ...x{fbU

.= nfH {beU

!nbU w hdS

..w dU w nT ai w Y d > Y

ngw ngwnY nhi{U pxL Y }>

Y
QhU x{fS nT ngnfY ngUn[Y
..dS dbL x{fbU {inH

}`i dU R >B >B nx U|U

25

ywiT mf^dw T @

Y }`i nf= qJnA U ^U }h@nx Y

x}]U nf_ {bR nfhdL w oUnc> nfdhA pd S
dL n b_U x{U y ..b_U }U xnfS U
x{fS Y ni|> ..nfZxn_Y
nY = {i nffU
in`eU oHnceU nfhdL {>
n> QhU
pTneU pdhdU |w R nfhdL U|U .neJ
}i

nfd _U odbU b_U ~hUnw R di

I T
..}I n[= xnfS {i

R U jx n wY
nY QhU x{fbR

.hU x}]U {x eL
neH
n An= phini

/ oc T

***

26

hmT Z`T
ywiT mf^dw T @
mK maX

..\T odcX m\< og|Q

@ |YK

mS feK zw
T jX

v|S{w T

27

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

()

nR |= \T

Y |fY {x cex neY

panB ni T ..
dedx w x }hcU {@
i}B nY{fL hH
hS}`> x hdL >jx H :nfL hU pheU
>

!!hU U eU
pLnI icR ..n Y n i~A
}?{i }hcU {@
{gL dL xJ Y \Y
qei dh@ T

ng>A U n? T
hU U {S = oS }> qU nY {gL nY
.{@ hU nI |U

Y {>
]U
R qinT |cw)

(ngai
pRcU U nx j= n[U |w gU i}B
29

ywiT mf^dw T @

fe> gU nx dL = hU nbU n Zh@ ~gx

ffcex hT ..nfw U nZhU A~x

hT UnY dL }wn]U {U
U pS e>

w hU
=}>
}Z> cex

nL
= !}gK dL ngdeAjH ph[Y
!h=

!{= U fbAhH

!p?ncU |w of > cU _R _H= nY

dbx |cw }ZU faHkx

g\_=

yUn[Y @ _U A
n[x _U
zxj> R pex}@ c> U ..pd w phinR
px}ZU
}T qU nY !h=nw nB h=nS S
}> w ph=}U |U Y {@ rxnA

{_= y[hU d^eU h=nw nY Y > hT

U
h= }ZU h= {= }[dU ~Y U

..eU R{i i Ln[x w ..JnU

U Y }Zi i g\_= nY bx}x w

inbU {U
nY dL \bhU nfSneL U }eU

30

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

i dU nfbdx U ..}H pg= Y nghR

! ngY cfU }U
nhU R }hB Y dU dB nY {U nfdU
nfdU {gei
}ZdU }hB n]L }ehU ~U \i
..nigK dL }U T}U }hU
pUgH

nfR dA nY hR e_fx
}hdU ni}gK _i

g>H fU wU R gf\fU nf= dS

gheU n Y w{U y[hU phUnU wn@
Y gd[x ne= g>{A ikx gi~x gx

.d L

n_eU ~U }U ecx nfR@ R hU

Y S~>}hU ngRBn=
g>nhA ex{x U T

nfinA d=nbx nedR nf>}hB Y wnhi ]x

!nHn=

ci pT}U pe_fU }hUn= ghU i i

w nffJn= R nigK dL w gU n iL

H w{bA g= nfUne@ rxd= nfhU hx

31

ywiT mf^dw T @

.g>}x}H

h@ w nw ..n R~@ {>

Un= nY ..

j= U b> gU nx ..i A~x hU

}IjH ij= U b> SR }c_hH hU
!x}ZU _Y }wn]U Y
n[i hU nf= j= gU nx U b>
L ~LjH i !!SR L} ]bhH
!!nx p?? A ..gA

>jx gd _U {A H Un= nY
_U
nS R}hR {x~x }c_Y }he R hax {fU
!hU

fU nghU |afx }ZU ai R YncY {@>

ngfY |afx YncY R
{@> neT nghR }hU }ZhU
!n S n in[Q nhU R neU

***

32

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

()

a= \T
hU R{x {x~x }c_Y w nw !!dx nx
.i hU n[i

H qf= = hB ]B S eH ni nw _i
h^_U hU w nw ..nh[Y fY }bx dU
>
w nw ..}gK dL hax}ZU hY{S \x
pf@ ngafU \> h]> nghU nx !!a = d_>
dL pdS ]> x}ZU g@ Y }bUn= d U
!!}hfeU fh@

P dU H dS neUnJ |U hU |w
@ U ffx dbx

}x {A x
YjH !}T|> ..}wn]U hU |w .. nT

33

ywiT mf^dw T @

H hU ffx nY{fL U {hH _i

jH
f h@ ngfhA SjH
A}R nx ..> R

.hR fU }]L a f> { U f h@

{bY {x {A {h_H ni T ..gU nx

nxnf? R P {eY |I I
ni >n_H
Y ] hU gU nx > dL {@nU hU |w
hU H ex d T @U qhU nx ..H
h= e
L h= hU H {x h=

. {hT = {x}x eY
hex H ngd_@ d>
Y }B nU w nw }Yn`U A}aU nx
\A ng> g=n P {eY }L
nb= phb=
nwH
..bfU
wn= U x

nf= U n R}I |w chH nghdL }R

hU {H nfgR ..ph=}U |U
Y naA
{>
H ~heY
H ..Un_> dU n[i

.n`]U

=n @x
hU ..g> gi ..
34

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

}gK nx qi hcY .}gK dL nhU o[fU

dU !!ew hahH @
> fH oL
nw{gZhH ph[Y ^L e= fH ..}gK nx

.pLnU nhS A pbhdU {= |fY zxjU

}Y }hQ
n hI _R incYl= w }> nx
Y {A
!

ni incY R n =n? b=jH i {

cex
{gI
cex w !!=n h= w hU S
w {x~x }c_Y {S q> Y ai B
!aH {U U g=

fdU
n bJ gU }Yj= {x |w cU

nfw phicU {be=

U ph_h]U
c>

.hT}U ~dU @
!_R nY

Y dQ nT gU ngx qYn qi neU

n Yn nedR o\`U
{hH nY }>
!QhdU
35

ywiT mf^dw T @

:(bx w nS= {L ? pghfw gU }Y)

cex {hH n hI nfw j= nS Y

enZ> ..ghi
qf= = S dL bU {bx
.}`eU ngx
p ecU gU cU R ng Q qeT)

:(qUnS ng^hQ ngbfA ngL>

naY Un= nY
}_eU nU ngx

:(nS U |w ngU Hnf>)

qfcH |U qSU R d T Un_U }RnH i

hR pT}U
fY {Y pAnY R Un_U {e>

nY wnBj= pR}_Y }ZU Aj= }U Y {dR

S dL bU {bx {
U U|U ..hcde>
..= Y
cx Y R}_x w hU
{@

nA }hU d_U R d\R T{x w

\aU }cU gfL }g I x|U }_U w
.nA

36

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

bU ~H nY nL}H p_= ngi ? ni

hdU |_x |w gd_R L {Q _@}hH

R nw{@ U pJnU neU [x

.pY
nhA

:(n_Yn= b> w ngb x q_d=)

dL g@}R !!YS }hB nx U K

gR RnQ wn@ n
}B hU hU

hR d\R L da`x i A dgx

T{x w ..incY h^L edL
}Y U T
d>nbx bU ..inY nL nx yUn[eU {Y {x
nS hU
nT L }U yh]> d S
U w ..gnfY g>gI gUn[Y L n LnR

R B nh @ hdL @}x

gnfY dL ^RnhU hdL @}B i

R }ZU nA w |w pxhi{U gUn[Y
T
.nY ncY

}= r_hU n hUnL n > {[x w gU)

37

ywiT mf^dw T @

.(nZeU ngx{= L U

R
fbdB |U dU n YnZ> naT
`U nI S nhI h]> dL {bU
\Q Ynbi Y fd_@ nw|@ Y
} Y T {x
dL qcdw S Y cR

fJn= R ngfR }H Y T f Y }R~= qe]>

n fhA dS fx}T|> nY {A U ..fY pdT}=

? ..U o\`dU n Yx hU |w Y _@
hR
n =}Y }gacY
}ZU x _@jR nL T

.}A
hR ijx
b]=
}= hR e_fx
:(S> w )

nx dwnT bx =n hU ]B S
!!gU An
!i x
R

:(nbR eZUn= {A
? dL U gU }^i)
.}Y
Y HnU

38

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

()
|]ew |`T
T ox ..n eU ~e>
nZA n= nY

= dL = hU o T w |w hU |w n A} R
ghdL dU d dU H qf= = oUnJ =
}Z>
nLnH w nY ..fY }bx h_e@

pH{beU
wnaI d= }Z>jH
= phgU

_dJ px}=

!!nY Y Z>}> w
hU fY }Zx nY{fL hU nY >}hH
!!w~Un= }_IjH ..=n h= w

..xU nZU Y }c> ]U

w nw
!!hU {b= {h_H {>
:(a>}Y [= ngJnB)
39

ywiT mf^dw T @

nY

nx Un=
xU }c= nf>nS qL
{bU !!J

nw nY U

:(qUnS ?
hU }^i)
pehbH }^i ]U

nY fUj> qi bhH
hU inw nY
ijI n@ neR egx
}Y inw

. nH

wnhY qeJ> ngUS Y }aU o\Q)

:(bx w _= dL ng\_=

hU }Y fegx
hT hUb> nY x
nghR }Z>jH
U p^dU dU n SI }>
i

>}]S dR nY Y hU }Zx nY{fL

.eU Y{=

@}w YnZ> }T Y sL~fY f cU

.@}Y

:(b> w {gf>)

dbhH bU j= hbx dL ni !!}R nx

40

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

}R nx nY Y }Zx U i !pUnY hU

.ex A h= w w nZ]L
bhH =
:(i~A R }Q {S }aU)
x Y
U
hbhU |w T

:(ng>nwv= yi}> w ]U)

bU }ZU A }_x Y \R ni

U \b> gUn[Y dS dL YnL

Y {> nY{fL px}ZU yUn[eU
ngh=}x ng=|gx
.n = n Y ngU }_> R q`J `]>
..nQ R n IA }ZU Y _> yUn[eU
dL gUn[Y q`J S kw
H T
gU > U ..x{U }he\U b_U nT

.ghini
A I

.= YbhH nY }> H

:( }gS >}x w }aU)

pxngi f_x |gR fhUb> nY { U

41

ywiT mf^dw T @

oc>}x cex hcR phini pxngi f_x ..Un_U

H edY w pex}U |w bU kw
H ..nfU A
hU A

}x |U
nA }hU pdh\aU pLnIl= }Yjx |U
cU
A
n[x w d [x kgU hT ..Un_U
g=dS x
Y[x kgU hT x}B

pbaZU peA}U Y phUnB

mecT p?|A oX |gA :gfL dU bx U

nfdU q@}B pY H Y gUn= neR

wnhi{U {hL [x A }ZU w nY

lR g>nQ w}hQ b_U {hL g>gZU {hL
nedR {@ j? hU Y j? od]x {x~x nT
}U Y x}B pxnQ w nY }B _h]x

_ax nY }hcU hU |w hU nbU

:(}> w ]U)

}cU pYn]U w |w !~x~_U >}R nx

hda `eU kw p]H= phi{U R{w bx {x~x
42

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

gf cU n= {@ bfx qdS neT w hUn\U

gU c> hU|U gaA U }hx w

{_Y w dL [U H {w pxnQ
.phinR onfY
i w |U U{x !!}ZU bL }` nY
eU ng}L pf @ _hx ...}hB w |Un=
px}\= ..= e= hb edU {L

.x}RncdU {L fg@ p^wn=

U c>
~hU L {_x w }aU)
:(nZA R
I}ax =n w nw ..bx hU w nw
!hUn= c ? fd_> gU nx ..nhU
..I
ng[ `fx nbd= A}R _>

***

43

ywiT mf^dw T @

()
gG

oXmdK

]U
Y QhU oT }S {fL)
w {g= {Yn`U ahH U pax}ZU YneL qew

:(b>

d> Y }bi i nw !!ai yx

.dU H nA nx LeU
:(bx w w~= hU o[i)
!nebU p_]S nx panB x{>

:( }R ngH R}> w pYne_U)

{hH ni ..fdex hU nB hT

dL hdL panB f cU !!R}ZT U eR cU

44

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

_eH U wnf> neUnJ ..=n h= w

!nfw nw bU }[Y

({eQ R aS Y {Zx
w hU)

ngx U x{x}>
q\B {bU pax}ZU pYne_U

dU {L = {x
h= qfT phHnS }A neQ
pw ng= yhJ nfL } hU

ng>}h^fT qhU }eU |w j= f cU @

{x R q? dL
|gR

..nw}h`T qhU }A
H fL pUnU n? hU Y

}ZU R L nY R
dU qhU nx ng?hU L

Y LR ..d_R nY qx}U
nhd=nS {S Y
}ex dR b_U dU wn]L x|U bU kw
nhU wn]L nwY{x dR pU
wn]L

dR odbU wn]L fhx dR

oU
fJx

nx ! { nexn= nwA}Zx dR }U wn]L

! }Z= qfT
fhU

:(ngbfL d> w pYne_U)

45

ywiT mf^dw T @

U oR dS |U R ph[eU qhU nx ..
{_= }ZU kw _ahH nY {>
}w{U Y hA

ni dL >jhH ij= _eH U wnf> neUn]R

nfw chH ..gfU dL n b_U x {U y[x Y

ew{= @}U }@nx neT dU x{= }@nx n@

x{U Hn= ax ne_U dhH ..nfx
.gw n bJ }bU }ax
dU T R}x

~x gida`x nfU Y hTneU d \hR

}I U|=
pYne_U
pYL \> R nghH{S

hU pY
ng= p_R dL
nhA R pSnR
..n x}Q H y[x U|= !!ngdYnA pincY
n LU
wn@ Sn_U
Y d> ..
.nfU dL

:( }gS ~gx
w hU)

!hUb> nY {A ..nh[Y

!x}T|> nY U Y }h> cex

:( {hTj> ngH ~g>

w pYne_U)
46

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

}cfeUn= }Yjx nY{fL U Y {I

_i

P {eY
pY y[> }_eU L gfx

.n \_= ng\_= b> pLn[Y pfAn]Y }AnfY

p^d U R hU Y db> ..nw{_U

ff>

.ngnf= b= a> U

R x}ZY
nwnf= h\x |U Y~U R

!nwnxn]L n=}`U yfe> afeU

afx
nf`U dL Y nw}Y ngYncA

ni hZ> afU nR weU }]U

}baU U w{ax ngnf= phUnQ hA R

.gU _U
(L {I
{S hU)

! }n? gfhU hA
ginY R chH w

:(}nA w pYne_U)

An nx
nf=}S nfij= edL |U T

Y
.{h_= Y dx }aU nY w nw ..]U
47

ywiT mf^dw T @

()

g[= \T
nw ..}gK dL o[f> hU n> w nw ..
pehB w nw dU H = hU pehB w
..hU ni nhB w nw ..Inw f= pdhbL
eZU Tn> pYnI o[f> }B d> {AU
!nx}T R d_U
ngnhdL R

h^_U {U |g= {h_H T = {x

hU }A h\> U pTneU nijR

R }e>
w|Z= }]_>
=n h= w

!!Rh kw ..gUnx
Y
!!ni h\
cU

!!gU Rnh cH hT nh[Y

48

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

ngJnB phTn= ngai

qinT nehR)
]U
{>

:(}c_eU H>
qinT U }hcU pehU

{S
|gR ph]U
ngx hdL j=

{S

..nh`]U d^dU h\R}U U {S

..fY {=
.nxnfeU A dL x}=n[U

:(}_> w ]U)

{S hUb> nY ! {b U |w }hh`> nfincYl= hU

!nx Y qY}[i nY UnA}> d A R hU

qbR

{h_= Y }KnfdU {= nehR }gS pehU ~w)

:(ng= oL> yx}U jT

nx
H qf= = {=nT nY hed_> U !!J
J= R }[Y
ng_]S U nx

d> J dU
!phini

bx nT
|\< |H p?|A mX :}x Y cU

G z?
oX Q nc\T p?|A e bT
..P cT
49

ywiT mf^dw T @

U T{x {@
R}_x g= ijT
x}ZU _Y UnhdU {H> T hed_> U !f_Y
w{x}x ..g= pbaI ghdL n S} R ngR|x w

oU
fJx n dS qx
w != nfU dB{x

!hU dU{L = odbT

p=U U wL{x }hB n^d U A

U }ne\U ghR }[x ..U
U _U

U dbU qdaQ U }JU q>nY

Anx}U {x~x = }U
|gR {@ Y nY ..qS
= > A _R QhU h= _@ {S
.dS dL hYnL bU nY ..nfw U

:(b> w n RB ]U
{_>)

!n fhA efH hT !_afH nY ..dx nx

Y }KnfU x
}n? n \Q qdxne> {S pehU)

:(r_> yx}U pYnbY {h_=

h]H fhU nx !n hI _ai h]i nfhU nx

U n hUnL g= d A naJ nfU kw \A
50

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

.nbU pLnH i}hH nY gf @ {h_= ..{h_= ncY

ned T bx{ nx bU S {
{S R }cR

}c_eU nghR bdhH U pLnU d>

}cR

hT gU {hH nY naJ nfU d=

!>nS nbU }JnY gf i ghei nffcex

:(db= ga> ]U)

hU
= x}ca>

:(}gbUn= n iZY w o[f> w pehU)

\>}eU = w ..hdL nx hU
} nU w neU a][eU {haA w }cU

w JnU d^U xnhU {x {ex

R |U
{bU
dY ..x{AeU
hbIn_U x}nU cU

eUnL R
p LnI wnfYU
nijR de= }cax
! ng@ n A

|U }U
gR hU dL p bdS qU
ni

nx}cdU U
{S |w ede= f[hH
51

ywiT mf^dw T @

d _hH x{AeU
n Z_U H}hH pe^_U

.px}U f_Y }A ..U f_Y x}nU

!!hU {_= bhH Y dL pbdS ni

***

52

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

()

(e= \T)
nY dL phw|U ngd{@ eZU qY nY{fL)

zxjU }Y j= {x{@ x {S d_U ]U

qinT nw {fY U phinin= ]_x } h`hH

:(n \Q }gS yi}>

R _hR nx !dY phB !ndx !nh[Y
! nx nbU U = > U neU !ai

U neU !hU |w {gI T fbdB neU

}ZU f= R ngL U {bU d> R
_>
kw dL ai A pT}A S }cR Y

!gh= }c= L gcdw

w pffU wn@ eA dL S U hT
53

ywiT mf^dw T @

!hi qf= = >nb>
hU dL ..

{@ eAjH hT dL
!!h= w
x}ZU
!!n ]bY

fU ngUnx ai A UnR
gU ng_eH)
:(x_U

= x}ZU hU dL


..x}ZU
S {_= nhfH hT nfhdL


x}cU = x}cU
}In_U {_= nhi{U dL
..x~U }Y
Y

ohU }i {_= hdL ]U

ngx

nfhU nx ~x~_U ]U
ngx _afH nY ohU =
Un_U |w Y }B p_b= R qfT fhU nx di U
!hU |w {_= nhU a f>jH hT yhaU

ne= q_eH
w !hU {LneU pdhA Y w
!ghdL hd U @
nY{fL =n Y x UnS
nw{= ng> w ngH ~w)

:(ynfU
54

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

b g Y P zR gc T {v :gU nS _eH _i
d ? {= mQ
.|gP zw|w aTmQ ..

p[B gh]_x nghR nY nhi{U

Y
=j= x{R
hdU H }ex j= w}x T}> nw|U
ngfU Y dx inT R}[fx
!hU w}x

yx ~w
YnU
f ^x n \Q }Y~x w gU)
:(}[U nY}= r_>

!R}L {_= hU }x }edU hT

n@ B ngi hU ph\S ph\bU qhU
bZL {b= hU n ZL w !ZL ph\S w
{= h}U nfH eUn= ijx !dU w
nw}x dU hH R eUn= w ijx neT Y
{fL h_fU nf @ R h= {=
dx n_xH
..{bY hdY
? ex {_= bhH Y dL U xU
!dS

55

ywiT mf^dw T @

hT hU n R {>
w ]U)

H H g]Hx
nbdU x{_Y
a ][x

:(neU R fU h= }ebUnT P dU

}cR
ne= {> {h_U gU ngx
}cR
kw ^>
fL {>
|U ? |g=

neU h= w L fL h_ineU x}c_eU

pex}U |w ? dehH Y w !p d S bR w
R hU p d S ..T !oR
nY ncY T

pedY {gZH U w oA c> U

|I ZfhH Y {A qU U }cU

ne^_U {@ Y q_eH ..hU ngZU }hL

neL =nZ> hR B _aUn= }U j=
g= A~x hU p d b R ~U =n]> U bx
..nY~U nceU

..hdU >nS gR }h`U n b A n[x Y cR

R wnx pY}A gfx n }R h\x

Y T
.hdU >nS w bL }cR nR
56

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

nfU nY aU px{gU x}J ]bx Y T

>nS w }[>
H eL H dB =
hdU
ph[ZU Un[Y w \x Y T
>nS gR nfU H yUn[Y dU w R
.hdU
:(ngYcU {_>}x w gU)

gY ..
gY }hcU ngx
eH ilR
A }?ncx Kn_x {x~x }c_Y YT

}?ncx JnU n= nY nghUn`= ph }cU ]`x

!n[i Kn_x YS
!{fU |w h_e> w !!J nx

Un_U > nwS j= }_Z> w )

:(xngi U {S
X ) :nfx hU hA i _eH _i
(!!h|Zew |mh
!hU }[fx }ni Y nY ..dx nx

57

ywiT mf^dw T @

()
m Y\K cw |`T
!fB i
..n \Q sf Z> R
nY }]S T
dL
UA a deU bU kw
n\aU bh\x
!!nh`Un= }_I id_x

wH S U hT
{h_= g= yhJ
> fh>jx ghB R Y hU }ex
cU
gfY ax !!pxnB i nL gijT gUn= nY !fY
!pex}U i
fU rx{U R qSU \SjH w

!h= w nZ]L
dU H = hU n Tn>
fhU nx !U
[x d_@ hU U hT
}i hU }hJ pf@ }h` p=}S U qU>

58

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

w@U n infY n inR}L h= w dL hdL nY

.f Y }bUn=

n L}Y }@ pT}U dL {bU U qhU nx

}Z>
}H pg= hY{S {fL nY o

fY !!nY Y > dL
Y}c= @=
!!(hA nx hU) :n a>nw @
_R L ~@nL ni neU
U gU nx !|w T

..i bY
nR
nfw .. ! ~@nL fbdB

gfY S g@= bU bhR U

U nx
f Y }bx w nw dU nx p?? hf? .. {A
YnA
dx nx ..A}= n fY {x f cU p=}S {h=

!!n_U
\aU = |w !!Inw f= }eS |w

B w nw U qH {bR U }cI gU nx

nfU U |BjhU nY Y }`x hA hU

}Yn`U A}R nx hA nx hU ..naJ

~@ TjH c=nL R }e>jH
..cfY >jH

.cfY

59

ywiT mf^dw T @

Y
nY Y }`x n_U w nw ! nY p=}bU

{A nY cU U|= A}Rnx pax}ZU {h=

nfx gfx x{x Y neU afx n_U

B neU }I hT) :bx i ..n hI fY

}eS nx Y nx dU ...(!nZ]L hU
!c> Y !qi Y !!hU }eS nx ..Inw f=

!q@ UnL
Y

n_U
dx nx
@= abx bU Y }ai
nx !fY {x}x nY ..}c_eU i Ux

hA nx fL |U hU
e A dL S fhU
!! nY T U fhU ..}cU
\>}eU = nx

_]bx w nw bU kg= f_a> gU nx

!}hUn= =}S eA }T dU ..nfex
n \x }x _]S .. c= dU B
q]bH
(pfhcH) bH !!ndx {x Y p=}bU

!hU n^i neT !!nwn^i ]hH ...}^f>

|bfhU H}a= {h_= Y bx ..hU w nw

60

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

hB Y }bx Y =j= hU w nw !nB

af= Y}x ng>}T }U {I

Y hdL Z`

eU

x}ZU _Y f\A R n_U \x hdL

!!pH{beU
hU o\x

nA nU w |w ..}gK }ci {bU gU nx

!!}gK }ci {S gU nx n \x ni ..hU

{_= n Yx a U dUR SneL R ~U nQ

> U hU {_= {= }JnB {gx U |w
J ]_Un= =}T dL
qecA {bR ..hU {_=
.}w{U

}hB Hnai adx Inw f= }eS w nw

dL T}x hU w nw hU n\A R
ni rhA U ..pT}_eU U _hU n\Y

L ..ngeL
L UjH U (pfhcH) U UnaJ
!!Y ngU f_> qinT nwnY }?nf> p=}S
qinT |cw ! } y=|x YU cex w

!n_U {x R p=}bU
61

ywiT mf^dw T @

}Zx U ..dS R }=n Y y= |cw

!!hU fY

Y U b= nY nZ]L
od ..{S w |w
!}w

***

62

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

()
|Q o@|Q
nY
!!incY |w hU nfw bx }U
An n=

{x
}R nT |cw)
Anx}U {x~x = }U

(QhU }c_Y U d ]x w ai
}c_eU R bx = {x !!UnA i}hx

n _x}H }S | x hdL hU {

}B
.}B nhi{U nB x}HnU Y chH

{= }_I {= _i ..>}x w nw
n in@ n Yx {gL U ! }g S }> nx n R B _>}x

!An nx = nY .nx T

L Ujx Y ohx }U
w nw }T dU ..dU
63

ywiT mf^dw T @

I w }U Y B
w w In_>

pfU h= ai }hB
i :bx i dU nx }_U
!n hI pfU dL nB dU nfU
..}B }c_eU U ibx w nw ..A}R nx

!!hU U i i nw

}> hB ..nin]> bU ngH |w nY

nfUA Y R [>
bU nh ..nfadB
..}U pL}= fhL dL
cU
..Unx }U
}H R {g@ n[S |= dL
.._i
..nhw nhw ..nf Y Unfx S hU }c_Y i
>n_H nx A}R nx ..hU U hU U

oT L hU jH ..hU }a= bUjH

.dU H qf= = nbd= }Z>jH

}c_Y R i nw ..qi fcU _U nx

h`U }c_eU U Y nf[d > {S hU

..bfU gU a f> {= gU nx hR Y

w nw
b
}U
dU f L @}x
x ..}A
nx

64

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

a_U od]x ..n n> n Yni |_Y hU {x

bx x}cU = x}cU hU w nw neU

qi Y eH neT }U
qi :U bx ..=>

.}B nhi{U R }U

..}U
Y n \x ni eHnb> h^L }I Y U nx
ng= dA qfT U p^dU w |w >n_U nx
H qf= = {x
h= U }c_Y R T
nhi{U }Z= ^A U|= S A >nS dU
{i qhU ij= >{d@ nf= dL wn> }B
!hU
fY }S hU }R w nw
.hdL d H

QhU }R Y }U
}R }bx)

:(U ph> H ~gx

}ZU dU dU H }R nx hdL U
nbU fY }bU x}= ^A U }hT
._Y
~= phU d> QhU }R Un=)
65

ywiT mf^dw T @

:(bx w

w |w >^A oH T
neH
neT }U

R}Z= x}I x}= }A

qi ..hU Y
wjR ..U~fe= pU~feU hR
.An nx =
:(R R H}= x w }U
}R)

hU
dbhH w !hdLnR bU }> nY

!n b A
:(}hA n i~A bfL dx w hU }R)

dS ..hdLnR gf K An nx dU
}]ax
h]H qfT fhU nx dU H qf= = dL n i~A
{@ nY cU ..}e_= x{R U n hI _R
oS }> w fbdbx nY !!d_R Y}x nY nY }eL
UnhL dL dS
w dS {_= {hH neU hU
f= pdhbL U {x
Y x _eH h= w

:bx nghU ai _fx ofx U B Inw

dcK cT }^< }^=
cT a= !mA mw w)

aw mdT v
=dw v

66

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

cT cA {T cT ? Tmv H S

.z@ |Q
v vzg^w cT q^w =za<

e X |gA X e X |gA < e X |gA z?

cT G|< cX bT
T e X |gA T A
dR |<iQ
gcK pdR h mA mw ...G
m f? cK
Yd= m g? cK
aY =
.(pbcv
mh T wTm< cK

Kz =
:(>}_= fx w }U
}R)

..h^_U d_U dUn= S A

hU ..ni}^fx {S
nfhdL pdbY ph[Y
@= {U
e[U cx hT U d _x

~Y ehU ngAn[= ph[eU b>}> hT ..n`]U

Y }ZU w xjR ..nx}cU }[dU
!|w T
[= hU }R g)
:(bx w nL

w}c> ..na_ wnH dRnQ }ZU

Y hU }x neY
w x ..U ghfx pfeU
!hU
67

ywiT mf^dw T @

q> pT}A }hR ..newA ]U

e>)
U R yf> w negwni odU negY{S
:(b>
hU }x nY gR L w~L Y }ZdU xU
!!hU

***

68

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

()
|Q ?

:(bx w }Rn= hU }R }
)
!n[edU {_fU
..nbU {=

:({_x w }U
}R g)

An[U LjH dU H }R nx i L

!phfeU qi {bR

:( }gS n _@ d> w ]U)

cZ= newnH ..iLnR nei nY necU n hfw

ni ..dU H qf= = Y nbU }Z= }Bv=

.._R _H= nY

d> {AU bdU }x n w nw

69

ywiT mf^dw T @

hU {x h= L} }x
w nw }B
SY n> }_Y wnx n L Y gdbx |U

yex An Y }bUn= _\hU |w R}x ..}B

nY hA nx Y qi =j= ..}B nx |w
!!dS }T bdB ^L

d> qdA }hw ohA ..}U

{gZ H

ng}L pf@ U ..bhbU nwjY rhA U i

nx ..gU n hfgR hb edU {L
eU

!gUnYj= phini dL nY~U hH w }>

!}A
chH w
T
ohA nY cU

}hw

|w An= }Z>jH
i {x nY R ~L

SneL R gf\AjH phbfU }wn]U n@

cU ..nY~U }B U {dx n Y gU TjH

{L n= nx Y nx {@ A Y ce>jH
hT
A dL b> Y p_b= nfw w !dU

!ni _R A

!o_[U nB |w i}> ne U gU nx
70

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

{ eH !>}[i dL S U

L ~LjR (h|Zew | mh X ) :hU

{fU |w _ex }ZU h]x hT n b A ..phdU

..bU kw gx{U phL {S

!!idx

_ex ghdL >jx {S }B nY R

!!gdx nx ..dx
{i hR

R nfx U

..>}hZL hB nf= hU w nw ..

gnY gA}= hYnI UnL U _a>}x

w ..dL U cU ]bx w nw ..g>?

..=}T n]= bH i ..dL U n JbH x
gnY{= h@}\Y
]bH ghR eU d_x

}aU U ow ..n_U H x U ...}wn]U

}R nx dx nx ..naJ nfU U neUn= >jhU

!!nY fY L ~L

}aU Y bx hU w nw ..h[Y nx
{bU !>]B _Y
=nx ..}g^U fY

!n HnL }aU
71

ywiT mf^dw T @

{gZ H qhU c= _hR {I

nx ..dx nx
!hU }gK }ci !!n_U

n= nY ! dL ]f> U neU n= nY
{U
Un= nY !neU {T R ]> qUnY eZU
hT dL
..afU dL {bU
oh[L x
}ex
!{_= Y nhAjH hT gU nx \bfhH

h= w x hA nx Y qi =j=
bU U }x @ g ]ex ..U
nx dx hU j= gU d_hU
eU S eU dL S Unx x
!nhA hU Y ..hdL

}R w nw ..}x {_x
U }aU {_=
}U
}x ..nY{Un= n ]dY
_x hU

dY
..ofx pdhb_U pehB n= {fL bhU
pdhb_U pehB nY bx ..QhU }R)
:(bx ijT g[x ofx
.nghi
qf= = qdS pY Y ..pehd^U ..pehd^U
72

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

..ngYS pdhbL nx >{hH

}@ U dU ^L
hU j= }B q@ hU hB n[e=
Ix w ..A}@ {I
bH
Y hdL n hZ`Y

..nhU x
|w {gI S qY{_i >nhA qhU >Y
{@ pAnY }ax hU }^feU

T {bR pYnbU pLndU ai

{L
..>Y
ph\bU hU
.hU
:(bU {S q> Y qB})

{@ w nw ..>Y nx ~_U U dU ^L
w T }gK dL n>}x hU
{U |w nA
n eh^L nT T >{S R h^L w T ..R
h^_U {@ eA U hT !^bx R
]bY
!xAjH hT ..n hI _R SR n
!n Y U TjH hT A dL S w

ngxx hU T U cex w
!Y
73

ywiT mf^dw T @

()

= \T
!!a_U {_= Y nhi{U d_R hU {gZ H

hb? x Y Unx ..
}gbU @Un= }\Y
nS

!!{_x
neY
..{U
pfH UjT x

bhH eU n S} R dS >nR hU {gZ H

!!{_=

nY pex}cU pehU Zh_> qinT |U dbU |w

!_afH nY ..fU }H nx hUb>

:(nw}gb= pi}Y pehU ~w)

nx
dS hU |w y i |fY !!J
pU~ eU p^d U |w oS }x
d T qhU w @

74

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

x Y }b> nfU naJ e> ofx w nw

nfU Y n> ngfhcH ngA
feU x{=n_U
=j= ..}B n> {gU Y gfeU naJ

>{hH
>Y nx Inw f= pdhbL nx qi Y
B H }[U Jj]x
ff> !} Y
qf= nx !LnI Y nhA n h[S
n fT pLnZU

>B {bR
{_= dS bx nY }cU
fx hT ..n[i dw nf=
!h@

}Y
eI
!fU qh= pdhdH nx qi

..nxnf? R {x

nx }^i
naJ R }R}> nghU J

|U U Y gheU
pRU ngf@j= nfU

dL UQj= bdhH
nY nL}H } H Y ..w}^fx
!ghw

(}nU nwS }af> w ]U)

gi ..kw U }^i ..pehU ngx dx nx

..>B Y fY =}bx LnZeU dex

75

ywiT mf^dw T @

Y}x nY
:(ngbdS oUn`> w pehU)
!!nfiS}hH

:(b= }Y~> ]U)

aH hU b= acx U kw S

nfdU }R h= w =n nY nY
!kw f[x
zxj>
!naJ

ngiS}x gi ..pehU d> Y =}bx w nw ..

pehU w |w dx nx ..gx{x h= Y f U }aR

dhgx ..fU naJ _ex pUnU ..phinU

H nf= w kw ..cx{x qd I ghdL nhU

|U H}U U ..phini peA}U H dU

ox}bU {h_U dL n bhaI }Hn= n ehA nT

..ngS}L ngfx ngiU L }^fU `=

phiniU n Y

w ..ni fU nY peA}Un= r_= |U w

!!Y Y ~@ !~@ |w
76

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

:(ngfY }b> LnZeU pehU)

{g@ qU|= h_H qh_H ij= {gI gd U

n]Q }H gU T UH nf= eA cU
{_x
dR gU|B gU nx i|LnR ..n inY

f Y }b> }hfU w ngR U _R _H=

nijR ..hi
qh= w nR _I ? w nY
bR
..gU xneA gU nei px} R

..pxneU |w nei |w gU nx f Y

w dU H nf= LH ...]U
ngx

!!gxneA ghdL naU dL }AnR ..hU

a>}> pehU d> Y nwj? }hfU |Bj>)

}ZU |_U pAU [S peH neU

R ngfU
.(!ni pY}A ngi

:(]U
}[>)
dS S nY = }hfU |w S nY ..dx nx

!dS gU w ..}ZU kw
77

ywiT mf^dw T @

n> pdhb_U gUA ]> qhU w nw ..

=nL @
nQ H
Y ghe> n L

..nQ {bA
ini @U x}J Zx
nxnU oTY w nw

!!dU rhA U

aU }a> neSnT n@ n Tn> .. n`x

nY U
pdRnS nx }> n]Q eZU ngY

..>
bH ..JnU nhH @ q> >
qU
!nhdU Y }B A >

..>

K dB ngUn]= nI > ..{_> pdRnbU

[x
nY ngfhi { cU ..U fU

{S qU nY ngYnx nS nw}nA R neH

{eeU
x}]U J dL n Y ~f> }h`[U naJ

..(H pd[Y) (ph[ZU pd[eU) h= nY

JnU }c_Y R c> R }bU h= nY

..U }c_Y

nxnb= dL ..nceU dL U{H B}x hd U w nw

78

ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T

n@ ..fY hH ..pS}Y nhB

= p_]bY
hd U x ..
dL {_= nghdL ]x
!inh[L }ebU

nY{U d> Y }Z> ..pfhceU w nw

gi H oi nei In]L ng=n A U
n x}Q {hA dU H qf= = T}x =
.{fU dx (h|Zew |mh X ) :nfx

dL ..ngai dL c>
gbeU w nw
ng>ne[= }aA U pehU ng>nx}T dL ng_@
..zxjU R
.\R n xj> f[x ..>jx Y _U

***

79

qTmT Z`T
w|\T Q|eT

81

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

()
ywiT |fJ |S G|Q gf
pY Y pehd^U pehd^U) :H}R hg nY

Y~U n\R R { }x (nghi

qf= = qdS
qU nY Hn= n @}\Y
n fx~A ai dL chU

}g^U p={Y pcdgY phwnH pdRnQ {@

pY
!!ngYn? ne=
ngi~A b? Y

= hA nx hA nx Y nx U yeH
|U ~U U SneL R =nbU ~U Y n hI

{fx nL T
U {>}x }= nY
hbx ^A
U _x I dedhR HeU gfx ? ..=vY
!!n i~A }T L{Y
neU !Y nx n i~A _ZU }T i neU
83

ywiT mf^dw T @

gR neT nf\gi nin[i n H nfi~A Y _i

T hU fed L) :nS nefhA U {inQ
!!(}[ijR n Yd^Y
nfY d> ne=
ngYnL R phYH

!!q\Y U L L
!nhdU nf>nRn w nY nf>ni w nY

nfai }ci
nL T
nfij= Y nx _Y }>
!!([U zi) Ubx neT
!!n >naY |w nfYnL chH w

}B = n_U |w hdL ~U {hH

w

~i hT nf_S }h`fU
~i hT gai nfd_x
!x}Bn= nf>|= gffU

}hh`dU HY U ~U HY i
hT

!neL

}[fU n eHY p_haU HY Y _i

!U nbA d^eU

84

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

nY w j= hA nx Y nx _Y {b_>
pY dL
hce> ngYd^Y }[i w hR }ca>
y[> Y ce> cU !!nw}hbR pxb> ngah_
}hU }Zf> }_eUn= }Yj> nfdU q@}B pY }hB
!!U
nZaU }cfeU L gf> pdh\aU
!nfUnA hdL cx ox nY |w w hU

f cU phYngaH >nY_= hdL qdb? {S

cfU ..n adY cx |w nfYnL dL j= }_I
Y |L .. hadY UnUn= i
n_U _U
|w nfYnL R hadY ci nfhdL :w y
!!U U hU hcR n adY n_U |w ehU

L rU w hU U Y ~@ _U

R nf Y qLn }`[U R nwnfed _> }aY

Y |w nT (x}]U L R) :ngfY .}cU
..n` i nfH{Y R nwnfed _> U rxnA
!!x}]U R ~i Y i nf T ni}T nY{fL
x}]U L R _U {b_x ne=

85

ywiT mf^dw T @

w{A ng= } _x A Y }ZS R R ecx

_= w neU
Y }A R }hx w

hU f cU bxn[Y
. T
}A {L .(x}J ) pL}= nhU nhS

.(x}J ) }eU n^i

xneU U n [U eU
R

) H R nfU peA~Y .(x}J )

.(x}J ) nZU R nH Y .(x}J

) pYn_U phf= pfcY {@ dL p=ncU

...(x}J ) }U
.(x}J

.(x}J ) }[U Q
{L

!hA nx hA nx Y nx U|T hU

R }T|i i ni U|U
nL T

!!~_U I}afU ..x}]U L ni R}i hT }cai

}fU ni}[= S nf>}h[= xnfS {Si ni

nfbx}J R eZ= }h> qi =
i oA U
.dU

86

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

x}]U R}fU _Y chH Y

i oA U
U ..U hR x}nU dL gfU
dU
!nY pUg=

***

87

ywiT mf^dw T @

()
w|\T cK oe G
x}]U x}]U R R fTnZx }S
Y
cU dU U oA U

U Y }nH cex

| x U Y }]H |w }bhdR ..nY pUg=

.}bU n> R {Ln> ngd _U n \x }bhdR {_= }S
ni}S nfij= hA nx hA nx Y nx >}B

nfi{Y Z= {fH ..x}]U L R}i

Y pa
..ni {Y nfS nf>

]i
nfw nfw }aY L rfH

R dL nf=nI ninf= =}i

hT ngU phahcU

.x}]U H Y }A x}> Y }T w

hU f cU
{eU I Y }T w nehR }cR
88

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

nU pS
hT dU U nfbx}J R }cR

w{A } _x A fL R}i cex

bx }B {S ~>

:Y nx U b> {S .n?

pY{bY
w gY R Y
fU )
eR _Y a> ni .(inU fdU
R Y cex
R dL nS chH neU x}]U L

lR HU cU ..f_eU x}]U L

x
f cU dU x}J R }nH i {b_x Y nfw

R wnx ni}S nfi{Y I pa dL

.ngn nx

{S R {i {@ geU
Y U|U

inbU ngdeZhR phH

pf H pfA pf H U x

X |? mv|? cQ oe@ oe G G X) :gU

gc^Q ogG
X oXmgaT w T mf< dK
oeG G
.(oXmgaT w T mf< dK X mv

dL eH ij= }x |U U {@ nS
zxjU ngbh?> >
qi ngc>}> U }gK
89

ywiT mf^dw T @

..hR qi c> U
{[Y qfT i }Y R nY T
!!U U|U n _@}Y

fY _eH x d_a> qi w{A

n aSY pedT }cR fY |B x w{A

n cx}I qfcR ..aSY >nedT }cR nghdL H

dL nhU gf> U U x eU U
n@ q_e@ ij= ngfhA j@na U |w
Y
!!ngU {nS qi c> U
gf> >n_H Y n \x yh c_U
c> U nfU Y n= j@na U nhU
YnL {nS
Y) :inbU |gU n bJ >n@ ngU
.(pfA pf H H

f_eU neU H x}]U L R

.phH pf H w x}]U R pfA pf H w
aU Y nf Y o_Y ij= b> {S {hH nx
nY ~L x}J pLnS dL }ZfeU n\U
nhUn= Unx eHn= {eU eUx gUn=

90

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

SdU }hh`> {gU qSU {gx gUn= nY

nL U nL Y

p=n> Y x
w }=
bY x}]U n= nY
!SU h> ]U

nfijH U nf a U ni|L ..Y nx A _Y

d=
h> ni}eL pg=nZY nf>fH q>nR paU
.U ki
n hYx Hnei

ZU _= n >naY |w nfYnL chH U|U

hdS
..n >naY chH ij= {_i nff cU nY n Li

:phgU pf U
Y ~@ ci |w ni{L= nfd _U
(..mf< dK X |? mv|? cQ oe @ oe G G
X )
.yfi nfd _U
db> i
neT nf>
i Y nx pb? ni
dbi }Y
HY nfh>jx ned T i dbi neT nfd@
~> i dL ..{@
pY U |B hT d@
~x =n neU ~i neT nfU {x nfh[x neU

{i
hT }_i h\i nY{fL nfhdL i~A

91

ywiT mf^dw T @

U dU x}J bx}J U
nfi n inhA ^i
oA

.n _f i

..d _i nfU nY hA nx hAnx Y ni|L

o_> R nhU pH{Y R {i
n` |Y>
|U hU >jx A d _i ..d _fH ..nfhdL
.nhdU h={Y
hR }i

pdaA R nf_Y }nA cH

.}U

***

92

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

()
zT

}_x ngfU y R x}]U pLnS dL

!g_n\= pLnU }_x neT hn_Y {HnaY }hcU

hA nx hA nx Y nx fY Un= }_I U|U

!|cw nfUnA }> nf>nS}J dL }_> nY{fL

nbx }eU bU }e>kY R qfT x

phYH ni= L {A R }hT {fR R

{@ d _U UA qaU
..[U qS nA .ph=}_U

>jx _]eU nfgR U|U R dR [dU n incY

i U nLne@ pLnS ? Y nU in@ U

..nY_H neL n@ pR}Q ?

nghR

U qg@>
w :UjH nY_H KY

93

ywiT mf^dw T @

nS Z= = .hR d ncY {@x

:

q_]H
[dU ncY {@x H

.nghR d [U R}Q ~fU {A Y d]>

Y pw}= {_= fY n_Yn= }_I ni {_=

nfw YnL i w i nY :ai Y qUn> Y~U

.}S in hU

phYH ph=}L pU R {fR L {>

ni

hR {> cex
}U pA}U nY~dY T
}R> }BnaU Ln]eU U|T ![dU n incY
T
I
.[dU n incY

:>hY~U qdS {U
R pQ}= }_I

.pbx{U R d jH
pbx{U R hd [> hT :}cfY w{A qUnS

>jx w|x n@}U

nY pbx{U R hd [> ohL :}B q_=n>

!fL UbhH

94

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

.d [i qhU U _i nY{fL :pUn? qUnS nehR

f_x neU n[H nf>L cU

:qdS

ne= ngS ow|x H }[_U }g^U

nf> }hBj> L dU ohfH
.}a`x dU :pdB{eU g> q_eH

Yn> dU }aQ pUjY pUjeU {bL

ox hS pUjY pUjeU
nf_eY R nw{Tki
.hdRn`U U ngdi ox pUnH pUjY

}L Y nfU d> > neU :gU qdS

x neU n@}U nY pxn_U wn@
fU |w dL ph[U d> pbR}Y Y nZU |w
R {faU |w oAn yx U neU hZeU
oin@ ~fU n ndU n incY [x

!nfU n [dU n incY nfU [x

j= }cax
nf> @ki
n\bi U nw}Bki

}i nfi
L nfx }x f@ hA R ngS
!ni{d= R w A Rnb? >nQ
95

ywiT mf^dw T @

ngS ngi {_= [dU nf>h= U _fH nfi

{fR R ~fx f@ hA R hUnY }hQ

!n= hR {@x

gx}L
}_H Y _U x neU

}Yji i nfi hA R eU nY ghn_Y

x}B }fU [U qS hA }_eUn=

ncY
nfw cx ox nA {S nw{LY j=
.ng
[Y

}B pbx{U U q@}B gfL

{_=

qhd ..d oZ_U qI}R n h[S

n fT
nT neT inex {hA> nghR dL ..{U

.gh[_Y gS R }_x }B

n_Un= }_I qU
nY = [U d> qA

) :nghdL qbdJ .dhY

ned T
nw}T q L
hA h= nghd nA ij= }_I ({U

.}B

hA nx hA nx Y nx >[= i}T|>
96

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

!]U
x }hgK

Y
=j= qi ngx k> incYl= nT
eU ngH bdx }wn]U {@ {Un= o\Y

Y
qeI ._a> U f cU {A T
!=}Q A}= BeZT [U d=
!!ghR }gb> eU {>
qfT

n x{Y
T
nedU d_U d [> qfT

i ni}U pxhi{U
gYnf ph g>

Hnei n bJ qhU [U Y~U Y hYnbU

afdU nB w = Y~U Y {Y
nhA R
bR d_x |U }BU {>
w nginex ngU
!!inh[L

nfai dL {gL | i Y nx f e>

R nxS nfR}_Y R nxS ci n_U |w
neT nfnY nfehbU
xU R nxS nfdh\R
!gS gdx w}cfY R nxS }B
[U Y dx ni d _i
97

ywiT mf^dw T @

Y x w}hQ nZU R qinT A

.nhA B nfbx}J R }cfY }_=

ni d_i ni d _i
H nfeh bU
H}Y >
..ngxR
nhU o

..ngS hx nY{fL [U pYnS {@nY ~L

. H }ai
!!({U
) _J |>

Y cfY w

***

98

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

()
xw|T nfX Q h
R i }x
{A TnA
nfw nT nY Y

nJ {x dR }h]B }Y =n {h_U U

!ai ]S H @_U

}@l= YnS nJ }Y TnU dH

U
ZU g@ U }^i Rn_> {_= ...

SeU |w Y }x cU }hT }= }_I i

nT }x }Y }eU
gRi ]b= haKY

{ {= i = J= he@ n |cw
T
p>}Y fY i w Y i ]b= }Y gfY kY

n U
}Yjx h= U ow|x pU{U aKY T
@
.ai ]b= h= w Y }R T
99

ywiT mf^dw T @

Y ~@ nL }Y |w n qSU }Y Y

{x{@ UY {Ux neR ...{dU |w w yYY

dA ]S {_= }@ cx i }T
!ai ]S w }U

U |w dL n=}`U {A }Y
fH {_=
U nI yhS i dL heU hU }^fx ncR
|cw !hdU ai w ...g@ Y U {x n hI

Y >jx I
:nfw pYn_U {LnbU q
!nI I w hdH ai @nU Un_U

R hA nx hA nx Y nx i |cw

yh[U w hdL nfaUv> nY ..ninxn\S niY phUnQ

hdL ni{L j]B Y cR cx neL

}^fU `=
Y i fL R{i ...[U Y n
neY
hU i bR nI }i I Y T ! nf>nL

...pHne= fL R{i I Y T !hdL nfaUv>

.igfx id_ax wnfx nfi bR

pcdgY
pcdgY
pY nfij= ne S U|U
100

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

A nhU }]U n\dU ncRU I cU

!inY nQ}dU

{x{L nH U _x |w
ngew
_U
nfH{Y ni}H R H nghdL nijZi U ph=}U
aR nf>n_eY
nfw qinT n\aU |w T
h]i nfhdL .nbi kH :pYn_U {LnbU
nfU H ne= }i nfUA Y }Y |a fi
.n^AeU {= }L naH

{hUnb>
}L
nfhR nH Y nx |cw

..ni{S pLnf R wn> nf=nS c> qY

nH{bY
..ngU nf qe {g=
U U

.ngfY }S cex
nA nY ngahf[> ngdhd> {[= hU qU

!!nghdL U w = nhbU

w i ]bY j= }L dL U
!hdU

ncdU HY ngi dL ]U
gR dL U
101

ywiT mf^dw T @

!_d U {fU ]d U

px}dU
pedY ngi dL ]U
}S {x

InL HY Y _@ {x
}hh`U n in@}gY cx e_U }hh`dU n eHY
!n_eeU }hh`> S |U

U oTeU o[fU nfU {_x

nedY

p {L {_fdR
..~_U bJ {L

h_> dU U nfU h_> U afU Ynce=

dA ngU {fU hU nfU

..nUn_Y

{A H}fU ..ox|gU b[dU n HbJ ngU ]fU

nf> nghR }fH U pAnU d> ..QU pAnH

{_H = x}J :hb x}]U
n> R nfx}A

!}U
x}J

fd`Z> fd`I neUnJ ph\S w

nL T
U }> nx :oT b=jH Y nx }hT ngfL qT

!!nfH neR |i {_H = }h B neT ni}h B

L }^fU `=
nfdB R px}U {bY w nY
102

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

R ninhi R }A ci R phfx{U
nf>nei

!nY }cR pd[Y pQ TnA ni{_x

!nfhR }U
{bY w nY nfhR {_H {bY w nY

pa@}= >nedT }_Z> Y nx }H

haB
ngd_> pa@ kU |w ai qUjH
ned T ngx}_>

ng_x]U _H {wn@ ncR nh[i R}>

!nghRS > nw{bax kU
bR

i ~_U U hbi hT ..Y n b A

!!kU |w L p=n@ L ~@nL

***

103

ywiT mf^dw T @

()
a^cX I mX
Y h= }aU w nY :n Yx necU {A H)

}> H hcU nS Zh_x Y oUn=

a dx

x}aU Y odJ pehU U wnL
]L {neU dL dx
pb_dY gfY {A T
nA ..}Y
n_]U x gfY {A T
ngUJ

hdL ocfx n_]U nT {bR ]x dR eR U

.{@ fY }bUn=

(n b A oUn=
}_Zx Y) inU x}aU nL ?

lR ngai LeU wn]L

\x gfY {A T

.(!!g_he@ _I |cw }B R R b_dY

hA nx hA nx Y nx pxncU |w pdhe@
104

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

w n b A o U
Zh_x x|U U j= i}_Z>
R x}B gai _Zx dL nS
!ai nI L w}hQ ~_x nehR {A

rx{U |w nied L }`[U |fY gi h]d U

..(`eT n=
mX gA n@)
:{eU R

rx{U R nfU nYL ni|B nf^aA

oi
ox n \x {U nB n Y }i nf T

U L nfx{U nfUjH nfai oi

nY nfhB

n=
mX gA n@)
pbhbU |w nfU {TjR

nw
mX gA nw
@ S z@ Xjw Q `eT

nf= lR ni}T (`eT

Y }T nfai oi

!!Un_U R }B I

!Y nx dU w x }> nhR

d> ]U
x LY{= p[bU
|w i}T|>

}`x
H g@jR ngfL qdH U Y{U
!(< meT jv AzgG) :UA Y Un_U

dS UnbU n@ x|U w Y nx ghc>

105

ywiT mf^dw T @

L w ghc> h= w qi
i w{S w}h[Y c> JnU f@ Un^U

w}S }h`
x f e> qfT }hB >n^U A
qi pf U x}J i yh[U x}]U nx

.heU ngdB{x {x}> {@

neT
!!i nfUn= neR

P fU pf =
hZU
Y
f U L{i

nf\_= d \i hedeU i nfUn= nY c>}h=

n \_= nf\_=
}a ci n \_=
nfU pf U bx
T

!w oA

U pf U ox nfhR {A T
nfUn= nY

nfhd_R ..x{U
L }Y nf L }B eR LneU

R}i U gUn= hdL nL{Un= nfx{x R}i

!hbUn= nffU Un= nfx{x

..Y nx ng@nA pax}ZU Y{U d> w x

nf=dS qad Q U dL bU ng@ni
.hd U T pe_Y ngd_@
106

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

ni{baR { U nfA ng= `fU ng@ni

px nfhdL o_[x nR }h[U }[U phRnaI

..nfUA Y Un_U

x}J dL }i Y nx _Y U nA

@ni ..InL oTY R hUnU x~_eU

n UB Y }[i nfd_U
x{h= efR }nA
.=n[Y dL fh_i

U ah @nA
dL i_\x n_J { S T
U ..eHn= {SY
eHn= iY{bx
nY {S T
T
U
U }T @ R}hH
odS
}fY T

oA
f_x QhU ZL gahU ..InL
.nf_Y dB negY }B

oA

..nhU oA
f_x QhU oA
x}]U `i ..hedU }hU oA
..nfU
U
oU
U|= dU U oA
dL x}B ZfU

nfU ox
eR dU oA
x}J i ..hR }hU

ox
nfdU }hU ox
Y dU ox

107

ywiT mf^dw T @

{S
nfU @ x{U nY T
|U QhU
.n=l= .. ~x~L n ex}T }A
ni nhx @
U gwnaI peU pedT n> U x|Un= {=

w {neU U d@ g=dS U {_= nwU~fx

.{_= d@

}\A gU cH nU }\A ?
{A cU

x ghdL }I ! }Y ]= pb_dY gfY

U gf cU x{wn@ UnA ph_U pb_deU |g=
dax
nU x {bx U gfY {A cR

h_n@ YnS !! dL cx eR U

.hU U R

dex x|U nL !}^i hcU nS

ghU {S
ngai {neU U g=dS B o U

|BjR ngai pdx]U LeU

gfY {A T
|U n@ U nw{Y
?
nUn= nwY b_dY
S .dU {eA ?
g_he@ I U|= in=
nwZxnL U ecA eU R nS hcU
108

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

Y :}S L
ai Zx nhU {nY dL }cax
Y n _n@ bhR bR
ZhH nB Zx }cax
.n _Y nf?

***

109

ywiT mf^dw T @

()
|bT oXmgaT
pUH }h[> U hU }[Y
gi ..hedeU Y }hT }he R dL
{eY

n phYH pU{U dL nL f@ i

}Y R {A w

=}T R hU }[Y
zxnU
nfYx A hededU ~Y {hgZU |w K
hdL }]B gU n hY hU {x~x A
{S |w
.n hA
hU Y
nediT nw}@ ineU Rn[U T nY |w

..(i ]H) =nT R

@}U |w hA nx hAnx Y nx ohL

H ph\S
ineU
qinT h\S

110

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

B dL }cU YnhS >? \gi

d^U ph\S
ngi pRnT hededU qinT nheU
R ..JnU U
.ncY nY T
ph\S

{_U
i ~_i }B ngegax ohL
!U gR L hedeU

}B panJ >
i _U {b_hR

}B pR {_> nehR w{A gU i }B ^x

!!ghf_x i nLn= }Y
HY L

nfY^fY R }^i nL U p@n= nfi {bL

{[S .JnB cZ= ngU hHjU >
U px}caU
nZY R hedeU he@ (nfi) =
gaJ gw|Y B dL ng=n`Y
hf_Y g_he@ edeU ..gR}L g>nhR}`@

!!InL ph\b=
!!U R Y nx _Y a > w

f[> U }B panJ >

qijR

qi w}hQ S @ phIn_U edY

111

ywiT mf^dw T @

n hi
{@

pY R U q@}B
nT {@
.pRnT hededU

T}x zxjU nY px{Y pB} ngbdJ qi

|@ hbQ gdcX hb= T ) :n _InB ngU
sY}Y >nhA
nfU cU
}cR
w .(Smgh Q

>
qijR UnUn= ..w}hQ hedeU

.n_e@ phiniU qi = w{A hedeU

nT }cU YnhS >? \gfR
..ni w ngfY {geU

U|U U }hQ n edY nT H ni

. {h@ ngfY d _> .. {h@
{inQ ngegR
!!hA nx Y nx feUkx nY |w

i nediT {x {inQ egax

i ~_i nehR n hY
n hA
phQn]dU oL {[Y
x|U hedeU
hx @ gd@ qh

pfJeU bA nghR n> pU pUnL pU R

}hbaU {x a_\= nghR h_\U }_Zx pU
112

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

kw i ni nghR [f
x pU }baU
L x~@nL nfU nY hedeU
.|w T
dL InL HY R qUnJ
U|U

!!px}dU
n heUnL n Yx }Y

Y }In_U x cx
..px}Un=
RB dL Un_U hR ax n Yx

!(nhi R }A
c> ) Y nx ng> neT

ax n _he@ edeU = ax n Yx
gd _U ..x{=
}ca= Y{= >=

.nfdU q@}B pY }hB [x

hT |w w eHY Y egR U ni nY

YnhS >? \gi Y {gU bi

}cU

R }A ci hT !hedY ci hT

!ninhi

w HeU |w R d_ai nfhdL `fx nY

pe@}>
nhTdH U {hUnb> >nL HbJ T
113

ywiT mf^dw T @

ci /hedY ci ) :{gU |w hbU

.( }A

Ki
nincR HeU |w R niY T
.{gU |w hbU nf]Zi
!U dL xnS cfH w }> nx

..U ]U ]i n_U |w }fU

U qi R phw|U }R Y~U nffehH

.U dL nS nfij= zxndU nfai

{H
nhdL Y nfhU }^fH ij= pb? ni

nd\Y new hhinU hf h_= nfhU }^fH nin]B

ngR ..Y{U d> }_ZfH ..peU Y{=
.nginfA
.!nfd_R U n hI }i U ..ni }fU

***

114

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

()
meGXmR X zaQ (mdT)
~_x U {>}x }h` n h
qUjH x

hU ~L dY U h= Y nw|U dL

hfh_= U
neU) :Q

}^i (hU o>

UnaJ dS d^Y i) :{[= nS hx}U
=n@ f_I
(neU Y}A {_= n`[U
f_x nY) :phin? UjR rx{U R nH}HU
bY nY i w |w
w >
ex Y T

bY
.(H

dU H = f cU) :bx w }h`[U =

.(dbx ox

w {@ }h`[U {U qUjH oU |U
115

ywiT mf^dw T @

( }hT _i) :pagd= f=n@jR Q hU o>

f=n@ .(>
neU) :q_=nR p=n@ fA}R

!!(nZ]L
nY i !!nA
i) :n \x {[=

g=
hA nx hA nx Y nx T{x gi
{S pex}@ nfw pSn[U g>}= Ua]U
neU egax gf cU h^L ni =
q_S
h= w neU Y } A neU ni |w S
.UnaJ

hYd^e=
}_Zx gd_i nf_]H {bU

egax gd_i ni~L nff cU Z]L T{x

!neU Y Y}A neU qdS neU

pYd^Y (neU) phYngaH |g= ijT

nY
hdS }hT ng= Uni !!nfhR
.ngUne_H R }cai

nT n` Y nx ni{> U|U
~T}i
}caU n? Y }T h\S
R }LnZeU n? dL
!neU }> nx \gi R
dL nin` U {_= =}fU
n` nfh=}>
116

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

{_= Z]L }T|i

nfed _x U nY Y >
T
{_= }T|i n Yx {A
H nfhU @
> pinw T

nL } cR RnQ }Y
UnK TnA Y qinT
!neU }> nx

ng>nf= d> dL ngY Y }hcU }>

gfY
}h`[U A HeU |w R U

{[U nged _> f> ngf cU }U

A ne=

rx{A
R U R}> hT nged _> pinY

}> nx .}U U e= }B hR n`x

!neU
g>nf= g>n@ n@}U Y }hcU Zx

A ~_U UneU HeU |w R }U dL

hA R hU R }Y
Y }T }U nT

phi}S
R pTnZedU ng@}B R oQ}x

R ngQ L ngH neT A ne=

phRnb?
:p=
}hh`U R pewneU ph_eeU pTnZeU

!neU }> nx ..( hU |w /}Y i)

117

ywiT mf^dw T @

hA nx hA nx Y nx hU L {S

ngUne_H }@
{x f cU (nY)U }c=
R
(neU) gai nfUA nY S {
f Y ?

.nfUA nT w

dL e_i nfhdL U Y Y {bL

.(neU) ngaH w HeU |w R ngnhA

lR
bH |w {H {h> U pY

ngRnb? HkH
..ngdb_= nw}LnZe= Y }>

}caU dL J_U dL nfH ng>nhTdH

ng@ni (neU) ni i U|U ..LU

!!{Z=

nfH{S qU nY hA nx Y nx nedR

!gx{xj=

nY= R edeU hA nx Y nx neU

dbx }_U ehU nxH x}U

R phYH pY
!g>}[fU ncY T
}>

bJ @ qSU {gU neU |i neU

118

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

x}U R InL HY
..InL x T
!!x}U In_U nfY{S
nY !!gU nfd_R neR
!!~Q
nY
In_U nfY{S

qf H ngUne_H ni{@ ..{A (neU) w

dL }nH n b A hfhA
nfij= e@ Un_dU

inY _i U lR >}[f U YnS gi

nfw {x~x nfw nY T aR Y nx }[ffU
..nfinY R w}T nY bx hA

p}aUnR |i @ }[f= {_x U eR

R pinH
ehS }cR nY }[fU Y T
..d@ qdS |U U
}[fU

!!Y~U |w R n[i Y ci nedR

***

119

ywiT mf^dw T @

()
oS|T bT
g< mX
R ni eZU qS}I n ..}Y
n= d>
w w|U
nw}^fY
i}H jR .} aH

nh }H nceU qgU pxni }T B Y

c>
U eZU pe^L L ai R qUnR

nae= c>
neT ng_he@ nf>nhA naY R
Y~U {hU> L nghUkY
U Y n \x p_h]U

.gfx ngdhA}= nfYx {x ngfY pS}IlR

!p]Y i qT }hcaU Y pw}= {_= f cU

= Y~U {hU> L pUkY eZU qhdR

A ngT}= }>
U w !

pT}U |w {= .hd= >j> ngi f[> e ZU

120

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

.nhU pT}A {_f> nf_Y Y~U {bax

L pUkeU w nw{A pT}U qT

nhI Un_U R }hh`U {A

pT}eU

.{A f[> Y w bR

pT}A L pUkeU w pT}eU

nR

hA R p_h]U R iU pdhcZ> nf>nhA R Y~U

!!nw{ex e ZUn= ~`x

heU

U >}hY R ni pT}A U|T

dL pA

SU }h`x
ninR .[_U }Y
|U w T}U

}ZU Y cR n =nx n dH H {A f[x

R {x
U zxjU cU |w dL InL

R wnH eY
g\_U pdhdS neH H exb>
nhdU {x{@ nY d B {A pLnf
.QhU gfY ...px}ZU

R cH {x~x p_h= U QhUnR

neU =}T pede= zxjU }I neU pfx{eU

!P {eY x nbH
121

ywiT mf^dw T @

{f= _eH }T ni nfw

{d R qT}>
pdhdS pd ? ..fcR >}hY

!!(hU n[i) fL q> ngT}A zxjU

QhU

zfH incY R cH U nfhR {A cR

hU Y~U hR ShR UA Y {x neY

>nhA
U {@ dL pAU U hH
!!{@
ngi

H ngh[x {T}U nheUnT ..ncR A

|Z> w|U pT}A hA R {x{U ngfc>
!!eZU neT n Y pwY
ngd_> ncR

]hU
S> ..n Y Y~U }x
U|U

.InL HY pfh_Y
}R R nfhdL

R gfhU }Y
Y
R {x exb> R

|w Y _x n]H eR ..}a Y h?U

nS chH dB R p= pT}A phfY~U
}aU

efx U pY
nhA R pdLnR pT}A cx dL
!nw{S pLnf R n ewnY UnUn= nghU

.nfhR {Y
InL pT}A ..nL cR

122

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

n eI pwY
phIn_U nfT}A ..nL T

.cU ngUA {x

ZL nf_ex ..n \x n_U |w c_Y TjH

{= cU }_> U eI QhU
f[U ni nceU nY~U A {> gR
Y InL Y T
Y =}T T
Y
T
.(g@ mw gT)
:{fU n hdY nfhR {A

***

123

ywiT mf^dw T @

()
[Q X}T
R @ Y ]R nfx nT w{A }x

|B nY{fL ..{x{U negfcH R negU x

}hU pbx{A U z]eU |Rni }L }eU d ]>
ngi {x nU |w hQ U }^i :b> w
n> hT }_> ng=Y `> hT }_>

.pH qU nY ng=eR oHnfeU ^feU

Yn_J U _x |RnfU U @}U }^fx

R }eU }eH
n T
ngx{A dL d _x

hT }_> ngi ngY|>

ng>n@ hQ dL d _>
U dL YnT }gI }Y
A ng=nh? `>
{S nU {x .. :n }[> }eUn=
124

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

p_ni nhU {> hUnR ng=nh? `> hT qed _>

.nhU

h^f= qeS
hU = :ngU nS ng@ =

!!fU Y \gf> S |RnfU n@

U nx nf Y {A T
hfhL p@n@ ^fx

ni T !w neT nhI }x cU dS }cR

o= dgi }hcU nfw {i cU qSU Y

.}_Zi n]B Y }hcU }bi gU |w
ni pT}A nY n bnL nT neUnJ gU
pR}_eU d_Un= H w U|U ..}cR \i

Y ]x
S Rn_Y ni {x
}

x \R cZ= UA Y Un_U gahU >ngY

.{ px}= x}B Y

B Y Un_U }i nfi {fU ni qSU Y T

c> nY n UnQ nghR di U px~dU n bJ nfai

n}R Y p_=ni x}B dL ngbd]i U nfYncA

.x}B nhU L nf>[>

nincR {hU w

125

ywiT mf^dw T @

}T }B h= nffh= U {b_> U|U

dL }i
ni{= ..afU {c>
TnZeU

phini _U qinT hT \Y |U Y~U

yYnU peU
peA}U

dL phfY nfU h=
Y = Y Y \R {@
Y~R ..ph\U
!!fY Y \R =
InL Y rx{U |w pHnfY nY :Ub> {S
!QhU

InL R = {i
ox nY |w = :S
Y QdU {L n= QhU
x P {eY {@
x hbx \gi B
U phini d> .ni phinil= hbx {@

peA}U
|Ri b_dU ya>
h=nfx odbdU }caU
}ZU nhA dL a\R na[U
wnfY }dU

a_U pe^L yYnU }gJ ..oU

pH{S

..x{U
nY w{A ohR
pxnQ U .hB ox

.nfai oi
nY ni}h`U oi

126

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

R HbJ }U }Y
}n_I }efdR

i
Y i
Y }B Y nf>nSL {hJ>
dL n _Y }hi cex hT _Y a i i
|UnR
ni hT i
|U QhU
U [x A x{h= |BjfU pbhbU U [fU _Y
!pbhbU

nfiB U R UneU |w }efU

..gU }a`i nf>{d= nf= nfYnA x{U R
nY gTnZi gfL ji ..gYni
nY }cax
HeU Y InL HeR ..}_Zx
U phfx{U

R px}hwneU nbd U phLneU

n_U ~>

ph\S {A }cR dL eeU eU pUnY

{A n dS eeU |w cx {=
R ..{A
}nH U L{> \L fY cI {A {@
U|T i gR .eU
}gUn=

n\L

***
127

ywiT mf^dw T @

()
za T z
hU Y { {S {fL U q? gd U)
hU g g Y U|= x|U hU n
.(Q
..InL nx R n_U |w faSH nY }hT

.({ {S qh>)

YkedU nL{T nx~U pxngi R n@ gR

}[> ngf cU Y Y nbU = x }~U

hU ZL R nfaU R R U nRnY

_Y phbhbU pS_U padR @}> ngi Q

R gi dL x}ndU |i _Y n? eU H

p^U nghI> {LY A pSn_eU pfY A

128

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

!}Bj= nhU x{> nT{i

hUn= nfSL {@ R nhU i {[U
i n^i necR Q
nin@ R odbU
ngebH nhU p
pYL a_ =}]
..a_ >S
U|T
Q= nfSL R {[U

{@ R pSnR pYL ebH

fhU

>{I
..QhUn= nfSL

sh\U }T nY) necR

dL nf= (shU S

}T nY) nT Un_> dU {fU hd> R nU {

nfhL R {[U
h={fU

nLn= (hbIn_U S

ni}LnZY R {[U
neT QhU p\gfU
.nHjeU eL pi~eU

dU ex U phin=}U

nedcU Y {[U

(Yn_eU n_U J= he@ R) nL ng=

Y I
Y i neT .oh]U
Y rhU ~hehU

Y =
Y ai Y n Sn cx ni dL

~heU w {[UnR
.UA Y Un_U Y }B

129

ywiT mf^dw T @

.gS { hSn[U afx x neL hR > |U

}h_U R n S{ {I
pedcU w qinT U|U

hUn= nfSL L rx{U >jx nY{fL ngai L

Ln]H x|U w{A w Sn[UnR Q
pSn }[i U e@}> QhU }cR }S
{S phb=
qU x gY{S q? rh= phbhbA
g Z]L } h U QU pAnH R gY{S qLn>
.neU |_= Z]L ve^U }x neT eUn=

..gS{ w x}B L w~hY

nY _i
}B nhi{U R {dU w{d S |U w gS{
nw}cR R nfU bL nw}LnZY R nf=dS efdR
neR nghR {[U ei
ngna R nfA

nfY{S q> Y ~U~eU Un_U |w R nf@A

nY !ci Y :ngUB Y }bi
{ p^U U
!nf>nhTdH nfUneL ninxi R {[U
pi w
hdU Y nai R {[U
{bY w nY
!Q

130

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

bJ }n_I pYnS R {[U

{bY w nY
ndU nf[A
w T dU p[A
w T !InL
}gZU p_eU
}hai R p[A
a _eU neU }hbadU w
!InL

pR}_eU d_dU InL }hai R p[A

nfw w
!U n_]U p[A
w neT LU
ni}hai R p[A
dU w
JnU d^U {
In_U
d^eU }[fU pR nfU w !nL T
!SY {h\_= A
pedc= H inL

R R ngSJ ni pSn ngaH nYL

x}B Y ne=
..nfai Y {[= InL
U nfx{x R}i dL xnS cfH nw{_=
z A z X ec A
:hSn L{i neU
zT X T ^ ?
m hm\ c G h
z | X e? | A
h
. |gZ

131

<|T Z`T
|T G
Hmv e< ocgaK zgcT
<|S oc\<

133

|T G :<|T Z`T

()

T
=zgG
S

nT
dL HnbU i~A B}x }Y
Y }In_U w nw
hU dhhR nfYx
.

x w ..}Y
|U
Y }In_U

..ph\U ..nRU ..pLnZU

UnbY q[[B
pdhbL nx >Y nx hU
{bR }[U

!!nx}cU
}[U {hH nx Inw f=
LdL peJnR phA nx feUkx
U neU pe^L T{x nfU egax
..ghU nghd> cU {wn@ qh_H gU ngdeA

.w}hB x{x}> gfh>

i
}_x hfU |w T
{_R
pJnB pbx}]= iR

135

ywiT mf^dw T @

nghU x ne= peh^_U h[I

Y dYn_x

.H U x
gUhY pah_\U g> g>nhdH
]bhR
..hdL pxhi{U

= .ngH p=n\U p=nfU pBn[U }eU qijR

ngH q=}) :U nweH U bi fhL
q={i ng=? qbI Yn_Un=
Y nw}hQ (...ng^A
yYY heH U n ax~Y
n xj> h>nT n_U
!w gYY ngi YY qhU w
w \x U) :bx }_I qh= e\Y nfgR
fU {> (!!nx {eU nfU dL { S qhU
!!nfU dL { S _\> U ci x_U }[Un=

phY f= ni{LnH .cdS R {x~x nfTnI nfijT

ohh`> R qhU w phbhbU yYeU ohh`> R
.}U
UnH}U niU phbhbU [U

TnfdS i ]U
x TdS _hI {x~hR
zxjU hx~= cU phbhbU [U xZ=
136

|T G :<|T Z`T

Y }>

T
n]= yYeU n[U
x|U ]U

px}U rhA U n hUnL bd hU ng>|dY

nhi{U
hS
.Jn= hR x UnL rhA U ..phbhbU

nfYnL R nw}h`i
nfhdL U Y pde@ Y

nfU }cR hL R >Y nx > |w

nfU .. {x{> }T T gfY nZU pnB

.nf Y nhaU

nhf `eU Y | x >d U nhaU U

..gU {S }caU ncH i eeU

U nhaU d> | > neU gai nfhdL

nY gai {i ni gU {S pY}ZU
.nfUA {x

w cb= nwnfc> U }cU pex}U

L ni~L nfi >{hH

{x{> qi b= qhU
_i ..nfinhR nf>nhaU {S Y{bi

fY

JnU {U
{S }[dU {S pLn ZdU {S

nh[i R}> U }U
{S

phUnH}U ph[ZdU
137

ywiT mf^dw T @

nwng@ R pedeU }edU {S }n@ TnU

ne= phYL phHnhU phLne@ ngT}A

.phini eY H S {x

..}nU ngeTnA {>

U pd]U qijR

qi {U
cx nY jT g@= qB}

nY eU ngi~A ngA}@ qdeA U }=n[U

R]hU bU }[U gh]_> ngYS Y b>

jJj]> ..pYngU YnI }U LR}Y {dU

!g_d]U }U

}[U R neU pUnH {@

U }eU qi

..ph\U {U
U|= A> >}hH T

nfH{Y R ngfL nf_eH nY U }hU d>

..InL }=nfY R nf>nhfhA ni{@nY R

..oA
pew qi = p_Y qU qi

qi

..}[U qi = on[eU qU

=}U }[feU qi = pYd^eU qU

.ai

138

|T G :<|T Z`T

U qi = g={
i nf= }B U qU

.U|= R qfT
HU h=}S nf= qY{S

pYnw qi ..n H =}\> { e]d> U

}
}[Un= pYnI nx}T nx}cUn= pLR}Y

d@ qZL

qh
|U {eU phH{b= {d Y

.d@

i U pda`U d> >Y nx nf Y dSjR

w ne= nbU nfYnL R >ji nfd _U nf_Y iT ..nghR
.n_e@ phiniU }hB
w ne= ..nfYS nffx{U }hB

..\R w ne= >ji ..nbU nfYnL R nfd _U

.. Y {i nfhdL ox cU

]i
}cai

.Ti

H R wnx j= {gL ai dL | hH Y
U

n]= {x{U [U yYY Y h=

~@

gZ= gYnbe= hd> U [U d> ]U

!!gne=

ne= }hcaU R px{@

}T ci nfhdL nfi {bL
139

ywiT mf^dw T @

hU U A ..nU hdL cx cex

T
.}h= nfhR f> InL nL

geU ..bdi {S nbU nfYnL R bdi {S

.}hh`U {gL
nf_ex

***

140

|T G :<|T Z`T

()
ogHm^T oKmYT
nY ..Oofx UnL L ncai h]H U
:n> ngn\R R }ceU
f@j= d A qU

\aU = QhU } T x neU

}T|x neR n Y pLnZU }ae= Qn_U

(pLnZU) }aY w|U U n> A newneH

U H hA R .n \x yh c_U
nwnfbdR ph[eU {fUn= n Y x Oofx

}ZU nfa_ nghdL nf]bH (on[eU ) =

!fU {fU ncUn= n Y pd=}eU nfaJnL
=}T pU]= Y Oofx oh[i xjR

!ngLnI

141

ywiT mf^dw T @

pg@Y U
eA R bR w pLnZU w
!QU pAnH R {L

dY R Oofx paS ei

neR
pAn[a= I}L ~U~> YS nY x}_>
nginY phQnJ
S ngdS n@ w}R in_eU pQ= dcU
~S
nx}T }I |U zYnZU ngiafL ng>
!in]dH

ngh= w ng>B ngnf=j= qdc? U {hU

w
nw{@
}\Y zYnZU ]UnT b> nginY nY
!!Y dc? :{x~hU bU ng>B ngY nwn=
!|w a> pLnI nfw w

P {eY
ng= {>
U ngai pLn ZU w

}eL qdS U ngai pLnZU w x}S phef

@ qeUnH }hB qR }Yn_U =
!hedeU Y d>

U ng= d > U ngai pLnZU w

H ahU pxn_Y yUn[x }S
x Q
142

|T G :<|T Z`T

x ng> QhU pLnI w hedeU

!!(zg^T |R
bT |R

cT) :n= ]U

ng> p=[U > SeU ng> pLnZU

_\dU pAnY nfw c> U {eU {hb_U R
pincH f_Y OU }_> U wU
{f> ngH Jj]x cU
p^U ng^A
!Y~U n]i L p@nB
ngInL Y ed _i Oofx nY

x> Y cefU
nfhR }[U pLnI ei

!{hb_U }U w}Y U nfA}@ ~i

n@ nf Y
ni
Y _i hT }cai
R nf R}U ? nfi~A
.nY ncY T

InL Y d _i QhU neT

R nfU \i ninhi R }A ci hT

.nY ncY T

U {bi
nfUnY {x{ZU HU nff cU
n^U R nfai ng= gai U [Un= O
143

ywiT mf^dw T @

nfdY c> nw{x}i pLd U naci ~U

n@ nfd T ci nf Y {x}> ngi hA R
ni
..SeU pedcUn= H n= pLnZU nH}R
|U neU HeU |w R Y }bfU

phIn_U pLnZU L {i
fY h_i

pLnZU d> ..Lofx hU R {eU

} U n@ U px{eeU
pUnH}U {Y w U

.fU U ned^U Y nfU

!_Y chH eR ..nfaij= {fU

***

144

|T G :<|T Z`T

()
L new gT HmK

..}Bn= new{A ijx n _Y ninT }`[U |fY

ph[U phYH ph=}U nhbdx n _Y n_dx

h= ~he>
i }T|U
U ph=}U d> n _Y
Y in_ex nehR dU LU h= SnfU {e_>
n hT}A
n TdH {x
fhL w ibx neR x{UU

.SU dL

}caeU
o>ncU bx QhU pZf> L

hU nY) :=nT R inT nehdH heU

edeU }bx fe> |U (}hR}U pd A R
}aY
n egY
hU pUa]U ) :g_he@
{g_>

:neeU {g_U
|w Y R }I {bU heU L
145

ywiT mf^dw T @

}hZx {AY

}B R {U

ncR p?U hdL ex |U {[bU {A U

R {A fU R {A d U R {A
.(h@U

QhU

hR =}>
|U qhU w |w
!>B

fh= B
nghR jZi U @ w |w

pH{Y nx}B
negR .OU hi h=

pinY {[U dL =}>

U pH{eU fU

hH R ph\U d^eU }[i U

S

.{eU x{U

neghfhL px{bU
B QhU yR

n\R dL ng]U {[U nbfU Y UnL dL

n`[U
hR nI |U d_U qhU R peA}U

pAU n _Y dcZhU
p?U nxU U n]L ncU

? T b d ^ \ h md h :}bU nw{d B U B
X zw| h c T
! b H } ? be
146

|T G :<|T Z`T

QhU ph=}> eH}U p?UnR

{U)

B QhU pZf> U _H (

@ Y pxnL}U ]_U oUn=

e`Y pZf>

pY
@ n HnH n@ U pUnH}U dL nhbU
|w pehS .pUnH}U |gU {A eU w U
.nw}w@ w |U ni pehS R ec> pUnH}U

hU Y _x j= w
neT d_U qhUnR
{hU
{nS Q
Y _x j= w U|T pYU

eeU p@nU .pYU {nS U

nghdL U

necR .f@ L }^fU `=

UnH}U
{nbU U

U nx nfw {nbU @}U U eeU nx

.nfw {nbU }eU

nfhdL nY |w
ai i {h@
hR }cai
R }^fU {h_i .L ofx hU In_=

pU{_Y piY ngd_i hT px=}U nfe^i pU{@

}A {_U {[U H dL phfY
|U
hT |ci i hSn nf= S i hcR
147

ywiT mf^dw T @

dUn= nfSL R ..`i i h[dY nf= S i

!nf>n_eY `i UnUn= nfaij= qhU wj=
jI Y R}fR i }T|U h= nY nfh=}> R ~hei

.inU jI Y \i
{i
nfhdL U Y w

Y {bL
nS_U ph=}U Y InL }=nfY dL Y nghR
gdbY hcZ> nfnf= }n[e= c> U px}H
.pY bY w |U

w QhU nY }[i R gY
~R
hdL hU px ex fx fhA h@ {L
.Un_dU pxn\U px}caU U

}[fU |w R wnfH cR

***

148

~XmT Z`T
HmK w S

149

HmK w S :~XmT Z`T

()
d]^T |ZT
ocgT
}Y
Y }In_U x Y }bi
i nw

^ZeU
hi Y {x~hU ai dL cx
~Un=

.nf_@ x}J pLnS dL

pw @=
Y nx pYnbU nLnU oS }i

L j> nfL Y }> nc> nf=dS

...]U

negew
}S
h>}>
nfw Y >j>

~_> phiaeH ..nfdU n@}U nxn nL

nceU nY~dU
Y >j> U T
ngf U
} Z> !!eUn= |f> !!p_haUn= A> nfw
!!pf Un=

151

ywiT mf^dw T @

R i
}In_U {S oS }i nY{fL nL T

few{x ~Un= hHe`Y

pw
@=
}Y

Y
dbU d> Y U ..Un= nA

U {h_H w dU ngai
qw U ph]U

@ ngx{U nY dQ qU|= U ai d> Y

x{U nfh>jx @ n ex}T }A
ni h_x

H}U `d = neT dU U~i neT n ehdH n h

U|= w P
Y Y gx{U nY T
xjR ..H hH R gnf= w}Hj=

!gfY i

R @U |w i}nx
:InL pdhU T
U g=dS qinT hT ..ghdL x
hd U)

inT ne= nghU U A~x

w }cax
!nhU R gU }hB pdhd U w |w j= ed_x

.(nfU U yYY w nY

eI dJ }^f> qfT ij= {h@

ni
d[a> U pRneU }[U
}Y
Y }In_U

152

HmK w S :~XmT Z`T

U ..{eU U n hUnL d U h= {@
nbU L
nx Y nx n[i w ghR nA fcU pf U
.hA
hR n bZL edU Lnx x|U U
ZL U x bZ_R }R ..dU R n bZL
. dL dU pUnH {x
Y qfT qi .dU

n` }> Y
Y ..p@ phA n Y
U phw nhi }>
!!inT S
.nx
!pUgU |g= eUn= ingH hT

g>{S R n_I
icx U gij= {bL

!w} R n_I
inT = phUnbU

nhi{U
(nbU) ngew
nx}`Y dL w}

(p]dU) ngew
nhU nx}`Y dL w}

p]dU
(afU) ngew

nx}`Y dL w}
afU nx}`Y dL w}
(neU) ngew

(}U) ngew
neU nx}`Y dL w}

..(ni oA)
ngew
}U nx}`Y dL w}

153

ywiT mf^dw T @

x}=n inT T w} R n in_I inT cR

!!gLnI R

pdhdU d> {bL hA nx Y nx U|U

pdhU U|T ngeH

fL !e^_U }[U pdhU qinT

kdex gd_x |U }[U U e^_U }[U

Y nL n i}S eU n\R
U pf U nbd=

Snax dR {Un= nceUn= g]= |U }[U

qSnR A {U nceU
.w n@ gA

n[i Y ed _i nfhdL |U {U w U
nx}`Y nY }[i hT d _i QhU

nY nfUn[Y R}fU n_I

ci hT nhi{U

.H yUn[Y qn_>

Y n[> nehR afU w dL }[i

Y na> nehR eU dL }[i !dU w

nbU Y na> hU Y eU ..nbU oA

.{x~x =

hA nx hA nx Y nx pdhd U |w R ni
154

HmK w S :~XmT Z`T

R i
nfdB R }[U {bY hbi

..]U
Y pYnS

U ei i nffJ=

.n@nfY nL
}S
hT Zh_x hT R}L S
.nhi{U |w L dA}x hT nx

hU n[i nx i Y =j= cU n hfgR

.>~R neT afU c_Y cfH

***

155

ywiT mf^dw T @

()

|g< megQ e= HmK mK S

h= H}a= bx }Y
Y }In_U x w nw
.fU
{= }\eU

}ex

w Y~U pw}= _ZU U f_R{x neY

ew _f= pdbeU
nfina@ h= Y }[U yedT
>
qA}= nY U ni{ dL peT}eU hfU

!(h|Zew |mh X ) :nHjeU b? q>

R ~U YncY }h> qinT U n_U |w

nwnf_Y T U }h` qfT nY{fL dB

nY{fL . }hT feUk> qinT ngf cU heL cZ=

.nwnf_Y qT i >jJ b? U {I }T

!px}U {eU }caUn= n x}Q n x}Q c> f_Y

156

HmK w S :~XmT Z`T

n x}Q .LnI >nA}= {hA c> f_Y

nfw ngLf>
ngRB dL QU pAnH R {hA

.nfw

pUgH nw{I
nY nhi |U Y~U |w R

veU hbx (hA nx hU) :nfhR {AU }[x

ngRB dL ~_U H}Y R nZx >veU

!{fU phd= ai }hU

U

dx ngLf>

|w w ..cU
Y~U |w R !Unfw nY T
nB Y {[U
nY nhi |U
a f> I
ZQjR heU p`Y d Q |U H |cU
nR }x}U }hU {R }h[U h_U
{Q ncR U h= ~hheU o_[x
I T
!!dbeUn=

}eU dL o_[x n= nhfU

A
ni{I
nY !!nfhdL Y~U |w {I
neR ..ng[ex

!!Y~U |w dL i

..>nLnH \bf> }B n_U }B HY w nw

157

ywiT mf^dw T @

!fY i ni|B neR ni}eL Y ~@ _Y |Bjx

w >nA}@ dedx }Y
Y }In_U w nw

nfa neR @U naci ~U pLU nfhdL a\x

R !n_U |gU }Y
nL T
Y }In_U dL i
dL fhU n]_U Y ha= InL HY nfh>jx
n\U {nb_U aJn_U }caU eU
nfhR }hh`U {bY w nY !In_U i nf@ neR
h= nY (z?
oX Q nc\T p?|A mdh)
!>jx nL \Y nL
ngaH nYL Y pde@ w
A nghR }cafU
n_U InL hU InL h= neR ..nbU n_U
}^fU nL }hcaU YjdU
}hT pR nbU

hT ..nbU HedU {_fU

nincR nfS R

!nfdxnfS hR {SfH

.}h= nfhR f> InL nL T

***
158

HmK w S :~XmT Z`T

()
|ZeT o[S
Y }In_U x R ne> U b]U Y

|w (sx}xJ p\T) = ex nY }U }Y

}T nhA edeU hU ngHnex U }h_ZU

U x|U U {H f= Y QhU n[i

}[fU oHnfeU qSU R d[hU qSU ga_x

{_= ]U
U d rhA QhU

.pT}_eU ngi InL }hgK

h= w QhU {hU {H f=

~U cR
n\Y dL L} =n
..]U
x}U QhU g>}[i {_U n a_ ghR

hS
.

159

ywiT mf^dw T @

}In_U x \T}x edeU ngfhA Y

hU }[i R gQ L }_hU
...}Y
Y

.(ngfhA p_Rni }[fU d> c> U ) ..Q

gR
}ni
}Y
Y }In_U x T T

!QhdU
}T phfhU }h_ZU |w }A fd_x nY

ngi~B w phfhU }n_ZU pde@ Y nw}hQ Y

.}[fU gaeU

!!hA nx }[ffU }BjY

nT nf@

nf=dS Y {S (mh|Zew |mh

X ) :{fR

.nigK }T
!hU nf_S R }[fU |w {i
hT }> nhR

nfhR hU nT U SU |w }aY cR

hbQ gdcX hb= T ) :dL nw{

nU
.(Smgh Q |@
}[fU pSn px}@ p\T U p@n= nfi {bL
160

HmK w S :~XmT Z`T

hwnaeU {h> w U phfhU U hwnaY

.bhbU H hS

ha_\eU hYd^eU }[fU T}i nfhdL

x hUn\U
nhU nwnY R h_n\U
.n _f fx gi
_U }baU bH eU h\T }i

g_Yn]e= hd`ZfY pHnU fL aQ eU ..U

}x U x}]U peA R bH eU ..gUn[Y

.{A

pdh\aU }hU {_U U }[fU T}i

px}Q q>n= U }aeU d> nf_eY R

.p=d[Y }hH

}In_U x (sx}xJ) p\T Y {@

nY dU {= ) :ha>nw QhU U [fU

nT) :n >n_Y QhU ninbdhR (nfhA fi
e_h
|U cfx }[fU \T}> cU }hB
..(e>}w eU|B

161

ywiT mf^dw T @

ngR}B nhU swnY U n Y \T}U ngx

ngnfY ngUY ngfx
:chR nfhH n Yx }T|>
|w ni{A ^x
` R

T X f h v
}bU n pHnU U @Y
n]U

oR phLne@
phfx{U
phHnhU H

nfnfY nf_SY oA UkY nf_he@ ..T

c> {fU |g= nfx nY{fL ..nhU R nfaSY

}U pT}U dL ng>{S {bR {S nin@

..}bU n>

nfhdL U|U
sY}i phi { px{=
}cai
R }[i pT}A cU p\T}U nf>nT}A T

T
pdh\aU }_eU }hU @ ..nhU SY

}[i @ pdx}U d^U naU p=nY @

..gdeU p?nQ U

(sx}xJ) p\T w U|U deL x}e> }hB

|w ..(}[fU p\T) ngheH

U dx nY
phfU
dB eU bhbA deL x}e> p\T}U
162

w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

w x}eU |w Y }hH n bA hU }[fx

R QhU }[fx dL nS
R x T

{gZ H |U H }[fx >nhA SY T

Y nbi nY x{_> @ QhU
.hdL n\bU gxZ> }YkY
nf>{S nB Y
nf>nhincY
}Y

Y }In_U
..ni}LnZY nf>nhi nB

fY }B }[f U n@}gY R nI eU n hfgR

Un[Y dL }[fY w {HnaY dL }[fY
phQn]U :bx dL nS chU .._Yn]Y
.(cX wmw cX) :n An d_x ..inY
. }BjY
nT QhU }[i eU nhfw

***

163

mT Z`T
cT X}T

165

cT X}T :mT Z`T

()
dTm^T ow|T
w
nxj= ai |w dL ni}h`T ni{L

Y nfU ng_ {_Y

nHnfe= pfU

R {Y
pheUnL nHnfeT phU{U }L {eU

}eU { f_U p\wnfeU eUn_U hU) :Y

hU yYndU eUn_U hU a]dU eUn_U hU
{A nI nhA (...hS_edU
eUn_U

phini nhA R ngU pegY

ngi U {b_x
ax Un_U d_@ ngU nY}T }x{b> nw{d R

phdU {_eU
ni nY Y w .ng=

_x |U dU U dB R dU pQ
T
.nhdU x oA }Bj= pbx}]= hU ni
167

ywiT mf^dw T @

{@> neU) :ai Y qUn> neUnJ

ai hedeU i nf= pnB

nHnfY

nfxj> pLnf R qewnH {A nIj=

Un_U L{i w{hdU n Ynx c> ni}cR pQnh

:}B n_= (pheUn_U nhL neT g= ahU

phbdY ~wnU ncRU pcdgY

pY Y i

p_in ncRU pfY pY U }B nRnbdU

.{=U nY pY {AU
HeU }? Y InL HY {bL

{=n= ini }caU {R dL nbU px}caU

hT nfR}L nehR Un_U U bx>
Ki
p\gfU
x> pxn`U |w hbU phfhU

Un_U ng= ax pheUnL bJ U InL }n_I

R n Yx { eU Y ngU [>
phU pHnfeT
!ngexb>

!U nfhdL Zx

eR
h d_x !oU
nL T
x :

168

cT X}T :mT Z`T

}L Q n@~>
n=n>
h[I }T hhU

phfhU
p\gfU nh[I Y |w xjR .neghfx

!!ngehwnaY
U pbAeU phfY~U obU |w B neU
n]H nehR Un_dU phfhU p\gfU sx}> dL bi

Y hi}aU
!!g>U xU

x}S L P dU H aL x cx neU
{_= pcY yR {fL
hedeUn= = d_R |U T
!eUn_U yYndU n Yx

QhU nY ngZH x cx neU

pTneU \gi {w w eR !eUn_U px}U x
}cR
w{_x wnhi R }A nfU cx

.ni
eJ
pQ

eUnL x gR
`=
}A
cx Y cU
|@ hbQ gdcX hb= T ) :fx L }^fU
.(Smgh Q
}ZU cU
pheUn_U px}U
U cU
x w

169

ywiT mf^dw T @

{x}x U
\U n_H \R}x x|U
L }h_U R gbA nhU R gbA n[x
.g> od[x gYA dL \bx gai

nfegR nehR U dL nS nfi {bL

Y{bi
QhU
hT nfR}L pR}_eU A
pfh_Y
pan]U n YnY hU gR n\A cZ= Un_dU

yd[Y w ngY}=

phiniU nY w = nY ow|Y

{@> gR .y\Y
nfY InL }n? }caY

~> Un_U ng= ax pheUnL ph[I

|w T
nL U p@n= nfU !QhUnT na[U
p\gfU }T nhA nfwnfY nf> R }^fU
{w QhU }cR oHnfx ne= phfhU
!ngadR \gi

R Q}T dU nf>nY Y ~@ w
.Un_U nw
U dL nS i w

***
170

cT X}T :mT Z`T

()
!ge X g< mX
cTnIjH dhY
qL }cR hU fd`I

naU {U
w hY {hL _U {b_x) :nwnx
}_i xbU R }i nY{fL |U w }eL {x{U
hU {bL f cU .(n YnL ni}T nfij=
}ex
x T

{S nLn= {x{@ nL px{= cx yd [x nfhdL

ngai phfY~U p^d U R neU n_U R nfhdL }Y

yd[x U|= neU xb> R

cx x T

}caU |w nfY lR ..nf>nhA R {x{@ n_U px{=

) :b> U }caU Y
fQ gQ cT Z^w w S

nfLn]Hn= nwnaY phi U [i .(zgK

x T
..}h= qi nL T nY hY {hL :bi
171

ywiT mf^dw T @

!!{x{@ n_U px{= w x T

:}B f_e=
U|U !!pfH }ci i x T
mXw m= X ) :Qn[U nY hA nS
nLn= .(_X fQ
}Y > R ~x x T
.ni dL YnT nL
|cw
Y R \Y x }Knfx x T
fY~U T}U pd[Y
w cR ..x d?nY

!nineL

nf= pnU
nHnfeU [i nf_]H U

ngfY phfJU H nf]h> U nHnfeU

phfx{U

ni{@U pheUn_U
n H cx yd[x x T

.{x{@ pfU

B nw{fL bi U nHnfeU w Y _U
nw{d B U nhi{U nf>nhA R phfY~U neT}U
!!InL HY Y~U

]U
p_S hR q?{A |U Y~U i hU
= =n h= w fU hdH hR {gZ H
172

cT X}T :mT Z`T

nehR y[hU (pY nY) ~B |U Y~U i

.(pY
=) Y {_=

Y \Y |U Y~U Y zxjU U aR
pY Un_> dU
yfR Qf= =n= P {eY

}B {H U n[i icx R _U

S n> kw kw h= (h=U)
YjR

phUnQ ni nehR |i {bU ga_x dR }[f dU

hUn= H QhU S ?l= pY

.n}Un= qe[Un= pedcUn=

Y Y~U Y ~U |w Y U {_=

pbx}]= H pY Un_> dU dx rhA (=)

}nfx UnY x|U gfeR {U Y ngdLna>
ax ggi _xnZx QhU p d S
ehbx ..n_U px}A n[x Un^U }[f=
pT}U odU pfU Y qSU |w R }R
.]U {x{>

QhU

InL hx x|U gfY

173

ywiT mf^dw T @

nh@ nghdL nL }n_ZU b]U Y pde=

h@
g=nhQ {H U
pedT L }B {_=

X ) :hU {i dhU
(nY) Y R
nhR ..(h|Zew |mh
:hx ghR {A T
.pnU bx}]= (hA nx hU)
!{fU U
hT :}> nx = ecx nfw

nfhdL
hT }hcaU R _ei {h@ }cai
hU {i phd> R bx}J c> cex
.}[fU {i Q

hwnaeU {>
U phLU pSn[U phdU d>
.ngd@ {gZ H QhU n? U neU
!n fhA }[i hT

***

174

cT X}T :mT Z`T

()
d^T cA
h[I
ni phwnY {>
U w neL

hUn[U Y nhi{U nhU R f [x HnH dL

}h[Y {x
|U w e_U neT .w}hQ Y
o\Q R }B nhU R
.}hi

nfUneLj= f [i nfUneLj= nf\_= L nei fR

a = c T zeK b X | S
Sm
:nfUneLj= }c
i

n_U
naY w e_U j= Yki nfd_x nY |w

.e_x nY ni{A
}^fhdR nb ZU

qA
e_U pLY R }hY p]bi nfw

aR nY e_= bi nY{fL nfi w pdhd U nw}h?

175

ywiT mf^dw T @

e_i = bR nf>|U e_i nfi }Y pbhbA

.n \x x}BU
Y jT .UA Y }Zfx Un_R }h?j= ninR

= bfhU > Y @}x = bx eL

jI
a fx ni{A H R hdR x}B UnL U
}x
_=nJ x

nhx }cax

eY neT .@nU Un_U R [ZU

hU efi |U heU R nf> ]x nfUn_R

![U d= }_f R

@nU Un_U R b> nf> }B f_e=

ngx ki U n_R nw~fi U neL B Y

.nf= heU Un_U R nf> c>
U w nfUn_RjR

eL) }Y
hU w = bi |U _aU neT
(Lne@ eL) w = ni{AU nf= d _x (nB

_eU HU U }x i :nL dT
=n]= x
x}B bL R }h?j> {hR hR bx |U
.g>nhA oi@ I g>{R
176

cT X}T :mT Z`T

}Y |gU }T phew H U U|U

}J

|? mv|? cQ oe @ oe G G
X) :pfU
gae=

gc^Q ogG
X oXmgaT w T mf< dK X
oe G G
.(oXmgaT w T mf< dK X mv

R }? }x _R eL Y nf L {[x neR

phnB
e_dU = oR hR nhi |U Y~U

U pfYn= }S nbU
Y T}x nY nd= pbA

.= ? U ~Un= }?

SY T
pedT cR

{Yn= {ex
eL T

ci niL{x nY |w nhU pAnY R Y~U

.SY n_R S Y nf L {[x nehR x|A

U SeU n_R S d> R pnB

.ph_eeU ngRnb? ngT}A pY

}ca= pSL ngU
.pY S R phT}U ngRnb? InL }cR ngfY

|w
S }=nfeU n phUkY

}n_ZdU x{[eU
n@}U Y phfhU

}S InL pedY }bx ghdL .nfU

177

ywiT mf^dw T @

neT n ni n hbhbA n egR nwegax phL

x
.{
> ga> ngU QhU
cU n L |A pS {= nwY hca>

neT h }cR n\A cZ=

U n_dU {b
>
.QhU ngU

ex
pf H e H gfY {[> pedT T

.? }@ ngd nS
f@ Y peU_U Y R h_i nfi pnB

}hcU {n_x Y ngUnbi pL}H nYd_eU

xZ> B Y H dL n\bU @ gfY

Z=j= ngK ncR h> >

ci nfhdL cR gU d U f_dU

Y }n_ZU = >j> nY kw `x
A x|A

\gf= QhUn= hd> Y }wn^Y

.hedeT nf=

QhU nYU nf>}[i Y ~@ {bL

U ngehS \gi {w i |w nffY R

178

cT X}T :mT Z`T

}ei n]B \R j= Un_U

YL xdU n hT
n hL neH }Y
HY
.p\gfU |gU }caU

hT d _i QhdU nf>}[i Y ~@
Y~U R nfT}A {d > U pfU fU

i
.\gi QhU dB x{UnU Y nfd_>

***

179

mwdT

mwdT
........................................|wzZ=
........................................... wza=
........................................ oXzadT

...............!wzeaT zgG X : Z`T

........ywiT mf^dw T @ :hmT Z`T
()
.................................oS }> ]U

................................b> ]U
()
.................................}^fx }aU ()
hH
()
................................ pYneL

..............................h\> ]U
()

................................ (f> ]U)

()

181

ywiT mf^dw T @

......................... n Z]L dx }aU ()

...................................}R pA}R ()
.................................. }R @
()

................................. > ]U
()
................. w|\T Q|eT :qTmT Z`T

.............. zxjU }gK }T H}R hg ()

............................. x}]U dL pf H ()
................................{U
()

.........................yx}U ogY R i ()

.......................... b_dY J nY ()
............................. }cU pYnhbU ()
................ nfHYnS Y {bR (neU) ()

....................pT}U cU
h= nY ()

............................. \R Y~U ()
.............................. {b U { ()

182

mwdT

...................|T G :<|T Z`T

()
U
...................... >{hH
T

oU
.......................phIn_U pLnZU ()
........... L ofx hU InL ()
..............HmK w S :~XmT Z`T
......................... e^_U }[U
pdhU ()
()
..........}h= nfhR f> InL nL T
.............................. }[fU p\T ()
................ cT X}T :mT Z`T
.........................eUn_U px}U
x ()
.............................. !hf Y h= nY ()
.............................. e_U dB ()

183