Professional Documents
Culture Documents
INDUSTRY
PRESENTED BY :
ANKIT SINGH
- 1206400018
ABHISHEK VARSHNEY - 1206400003
ANIL GUPTA
- 1206400013
ABHAY GUPTA
- 1206400001
ANKIT KUMAR
- 1206400015
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The dairy industry involves processing raw milk into products such
DAIRY PROCESSING
Dairy processing plants can be divided into two categories:
Fluid
milk
processing
involving
the
pasteurization
and
Milk production
Cheese production
Butter production
MILK PRODUCTION
The processes taking place at a typical milk plant include:
receipt and filtration/clarification of the raw milk;
separation of all or part of the milk fat (for standardisation of market
milk, production of cream and butter and other fat-based products, and
production of milk powders);
pasteurisation;
homogenisation (if required);
deodorisation (if required);
further product-specific processing;
BUTTER PRODUCTION
The butter-making process, whether
by batch or continuous methods,
CHEESE PRODUCTION
Virtually all cheese is made by coagulating milk protein (casein)
in a manner that traps milk solids and milk fat into a curd
matrix. This curd matrix is then consolidated to express the
liquid fraction, cheese whey. Cheese whey contains those milk
solids which are not held in the curd mass, in particular most of
the milk sugar (lactose) and a number of
soluble proteins.
Milk receipt, pre-treatment and standardisation
Pasteurisation
Addition of starter culture
Coagulation
Extraction of whey
Cutting and cooking of curd
Salting
Ripening
Packaging
Distribution
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WASTEWATER GENERATION
The dairy industry is one of the most polluting of industries, not
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CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTEWATER
Dairy wastewater contains milk solids, detergents, sanitizers, milk
salinity levels.
Wastewater may also contain acids, alkali with a number of active
ingredients,
and
disinfectants,
as
well
as
significant
CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTEWATER
Parameters
UNITS
GUIDELINE VALUE
4-12
Suspended solids
mg/l
24-5700
BOD5
mg/l
450-4,790
COD
mg/l
80 - 95000
Total nitrogen
mg/l
15-180
Total phosphorus
mg/l
mg/l
11-160
10
Mpn/100ml
400
Magnesium
mg/l
25-49
Potassium
mg/l
11-160
Chloride
mg/l
48-469
Calcium
mg/l
57-112
pH
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The dairy industry generate on an average 2.5- 3.0 litres of wastewater per
can
also
leach
into
underlying
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consuming to clean
use effluent entrainment separators to avoid
carry-over of milk droplets during
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wastewater disposal.
Fats, milk solids and minerals can also be recovered from
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biodegradable,
effectively
treated
they
with
can
be
biological
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