A.

Strategy
: Role Play
B. Learning Area: Nutrition
C. Learning objective: Analyzing food digestion
D. Learning outcome: A student is able to explain the digestion of
carbohydrates, proteins and lipids in the human
body.
Note: This activity focuses on the digestion of carbohydrates
Method:
1. Preparation
Label various parts of the room as mouth, esophagus, stomach,
duodenum and ileum. At the ileum, arrange two rows of chairs with gaps.
Distribute role cards to the students.
.
2. Briefing
Assign students their role and distribute role cards.
Ask students to read and understand their role according to the role cards.
Check whether the students understand their role with discrete question.
Students are not allowed to show others their role.
Students are not allowed to talk during the play.
After reading the role cards, the students can collect materials required for
their roles.
3. Play
Students take the assigned positions.
Teacher blows whistle to start the play. No verbal communication is
allowed.
Teacher must observe the students behaviour during play for possible
mistakes during play.
4. Debriefing
Teacher can ask the following questions or variations of these questions.
Why are the wrists of each pair of student tied with red ribbon?
Why are the wrists of every pair of students tied with a white ribbon?
What is the significance of a row of 20 students?
Why must the ribbons be cut?
What is the significance of cutting the white ribbon before the the red
ribbon?
What does the row of chairs with gaps represent?
Can the 20 students go through the gap? Can one student go through the
gap?

Preparation before the lesson, you will need the following:

A. Role cards (The number of role cards prepared is based on the total number
of students in your class).
You will need two students. Prepare two role cards.

Salivary Amylase.
Who are you?
You are an enzyme produced by the salivary gland of the mouth. You are
known as amylase. You have the ability to break bonds within a starch
molecule.
Preparation for play:
You need to take a piece of card with AMYLASE and stick this on your
chest. Your station is at the MOUTH
What you need to do.
In your role, you will use a pair of scissors to cut two white ribbons on the
starch molecules when it enters your station.

You will need two students. Prepare two role cards.

Pancreatic Amylase
Who are you?
You are an enzyme produced by the pancreas. You are known as
amylase. You have the ability to break bonds within a starch
molecule.
Preparation for play.
You need to take a piece of card with AMYLASE and stick this on
your chest. Your station is at the DUODENUM.
What you need to do.
In your role, you will use a pair of scissors to cut all remaining white
ribbons.

You will need two students. Prepare two role cards.

Maltase
Who are you?
You are an enzyme known as maltase. You are produced by the
intestinal glands located at the ileum. You have the ability to break
bonds in a maltose molecule.
Preparation for play.
You need to take a piece of card with MALTASE and stick this on
your chest. Your station is at the ILEUM.
What you need to do.
In your role, you will use a pair of scissors to cut all red ribbons
binding the wrist of students pair.

You will need twenty students for this role. Prepare twenty role cards.

Starch molecule
Who are you?
You are part of the starch molecules. Individually you are a glucose
molecule. Joined together with other glucose molecule you will be a
maltose molecule. When all the pairs are joined together you form a
part of a complex molecule known as starch.
Preparation for play.
Tie one of your wrists to another students wrist with a red
ribbon to form a pair.
Tie your other wrist to the wrist of another pair of student using
white ribbon. (The result would be pairs of students with red
wrist bands joined together by white wrist bands).
A row of about 20 students will be formed.
What you need to do.
Your position is at the station MOUTH.
When play starts, the whole group will need to move from
station to station.
At each station something will be done to you.
You will become a glucose molecule at the ileum.
Then you move through the gaps between the chairs.

B. Required labels.
1. On one green manila card (A4 size), write MOUTH. Label the rest of the
manila cards with OESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, DUODENUM and ILEUM
2. Four pieces of white manila cards (A4 size) with label Amylase on each card.
Stick double sided tape at the back of these cards.
3. Two pieces of red manila card (A4 size) with label Maltase on each card.
Stick double sided tape at the back of these cards.
C. Arrangement of chairs at ileum.
Arrange a single row of chair with gaps in between them. The size of the gap
should be wide enough to allow a single student to move through. See diagram
below.
A single chair

Gap large enough for

student to move through

D. Materials to be supplied to the students.

a. 6 pairs of scissors
b. 9 pieces of red ribbon of 30 cm length.
c. 10 pieces of white ribbon of 30 cm length
d. 5 pieces of green manila card, 4 pieces of red manila cards and 2 pieces of
white manila card (A4 size)

Explanation:
Intake of carbohydrate is mainly in the form of starch and cellulose. Cellulose is
not digested in the human gut because there is no secretion of cellulase. Hence,
only the complex starch molecules are hydrolysed into simple, soluble and
diffusible molecules which can then be absorbed into the blood.
Mouth
The presence of food in the mouth stimulates the secretion of saliva. Saliva
contains the enzyme amylase which hydrolyses starch to maltose. Due to the
short duration of time in the mouth, only some of the starch consumed is
hydrolysed to maltose.
Oesophagus
Peristalsis in the oesophagus squeezes the food down to the stomach.
Stomach
Although gastric juice is secreted, there is no change in the starch molecules.
The acidic medium in the stomach stops the action of salivary amylase on the
starch molecules.
Duodenum
Pancreatic juice contains amylase which will further hydrolyse the remaining
starch molecule to maltose. There is no digestion of maltose in the duodenum.
Ileum
Intestinal glands secrete intestinal juice which contains maltase. Maltase digests
maltose to glucose. It is only in this simple form that glucose can be absorbed
into the blood via the wall of the ileum.

Lampiran

How to do a role play.

1. Prepare labels
2. Carry out a role play in a big room
3. Arrange chairs and place labels on chairs to represent the various stations
4. Place materials needed in front of class
5. Assign role cards to the students randomly
6. Give 10 minutes for students to memorise their roles.
7. Ask discrete questions to chosen students to test their roles
8. Explain rules of play
9. Get students into position
10. Blow whistle to start play. Observe the students. Do not interrupt the play.
Try to observe any mistakes made during play. Eg. Cutting wrong ribbons
at a particular station.
11. Debriefing