I.

Tittle: Diffusion of liquids through stagnant, Non-diffusing Air

II. Objective:
1. To determine the mass diffusivities of volatile organic liquids in air at different
temperature using the capillary tube method.
2. To compare the results with those obtained from empirical equation(lennard-Jones
and Gilland Eq.) and available data from book.
III. Materials/ Equipment/ Apparatus/ Set-up
III.1 Materials
Volatile Organic Liquids
Capillary tubes
III.2 Equipment
Water Bath
III.3 Apparatus
Timer
Digital vernier
Barometer
Receptacles
Thermometer
Small electric fan
III.4 Set-Up
Draw the experiment set-up which include water bath with receptacles for
capillary tubes which are immersed in water with open end exposed to a gentle
steam of air supplied by an electric. Indicate all measured variables.
IV. Methodology
4.1. Activity Flow
Fill the water bath with H2O
at desired temperature

Fill the capillary

tube with

Provide a
gentle stream

Measure of the Repeat

height of the
procedure for
remaining

V.

Tables
Raw Data
Trial 1:
Liquid

Water Bath temp. 323K and Atmosphere Pressure 38995.46 Pa

Inside Diameter
of Capillary

Initial level

Level after
t=15min

Density

Ethyl acetate

0.635 mm

Trial 2:

0.086m

0.085m

864.356 kg/m3

Water Bath temp. 333K and Atmosphere Pressure 55216.79 Pa

Liquid

Inside Diameter
of Capillary

Initial level

Level after

Density

0.635 mm

0.082m

t=15min
0.0812m

851.792 kg/m3

Ethyl acetate

Trial 3:

Water Bath temp. 353K and Atmosphere Pressure 113073.84 Pa

Liquid

Inside Diameter
of Capillary

Initial level

Level after

Density

0.635 mm

0.094m

t=15min
0.093m

825.736 kg/m3

Ethyl acetate

Temperature at 323k
z1 = 0.086 m
PA1 = Pgz1 = (864.356 kg/m3)(9.8 m/s2)(0.086m) = 728.48 Pa
z2 = 0.085 m
PA2 = Pgz2 = (864.356 kg/m3)(9.8 m/s2)(0.085m) = 728.48 Pa

Pblm =

[ ( PP A 1 )( PP A 2 ) ]

(728.48 Pa+720.01 Pa ) ln

p PBlm RT ( z z )
2
2

DAB =

ln

PP A 1
PP A 2

2
1

t P M A ( P A 1P A 2 ) x 2

Pa728.48 Pa
( 38995.46
38995.46 Pa720.01 Pa )

= 1.87 x 10-3 Pa

( 864.356 kg /m3 ) ( 1.87 x 103 Pa ) 8.3 14 N . m ( 323 k ) [ ( 0.085 m )2( 0.086 )2 ]

mol . k
60 s
1 kg
( 38995.46 Pa ) 88.11 g/mol
( 728.48 Pa720.01 Pa ) 2
15 min
1 min
1000 g

= -1.42 x 10-8

NA =

RT ( z 2z 1 ) ln

PP A 2
PP A 1

(1.42 x 108 m2 /s ) (38995.46 Pa )

Nm
8.314
( 323 k ) ( 0.085 m0.086 m )
mol . k

g
4 mol
= 2.21x 10 s . m 2 88.11 mol

= 0.0195

m2
s

D AB P

[(

ln

Pa720.01 Pa
( 38995.46
38995.46 Pa728.48 Pa )

g
m2 . s

Temperature at 333k
PA1 = Pgz1 = (851.792 kg/m3)(9.8 m/s2)(0.082m) = 684.50 Pa
PA2 = Pgz2 = (851.792 kg/m3)(9.8 m/s2)(0.0812m) = 677.82 Pa

Pblm =

[ ( PP A 1 )( PP A 2 ) ]

ln

PP A 1
PP A 2

(684.50 Pa+677.82 Pa ) ln

Pa684.50 Pa
( 55216.79
55216.79 Pa677.82 Pa )

= 8.18 x 10-4 Pa

p PBlm RT ( z z )
2
2

DAB =

2
1

t P M A ( P A 1P A 2 ) x 2

( 851.792 kg /m3 ) ( 8.18 x 104 Pa ) 8.3 14 N . m ( 333 k ) [ ( 0.0812 m )2( 0.082 )2 ]

mol . k
60 s
1kg
( 55216.79 Pa ) 88.11 g /mol
( 684.50 Pa677.82 Pa ) 2
15 min
1 min
1000 g

2
9 m
10
= -4.27x
s

D AB P
RT ( z 2z 1 ) ln

NA =

[(

PP A 2
PP A 1

(4.27 x 109 m2 /s ) ( 55216.79 Pa )

Nm
8.314
( 333 k )( 0.0812 m0.082 m )
mol . k

= 1.298x

108

mol
g
88.11
2
mol
s.m

ln

Pa677.82 Pa
( 55216.79
55216.79 Pa684.50 Pa )

g
6
= 1.14x 10 m 2 . s
Temperature at 353k
PA1 = Pgz1 = (825.736 kg/m3)(9.8 m/s2)(0.094m) = 760.67 Pa
PA2 = Pgz2 = (825.736 kg/m3)(9.8 m/s2)(0.093m) = 752.58 Pa

Pblm =

[ ( PP A 1 )( PP A 2 ) ]

ln

PP A 1
PP A 2

(760.62 Pa+752.58 Pa ) ln

Pa760.67 Pa
( 113073.84
113073.84 Pa752.58 Pa )

= 5.79 x 10-4 Pa

p PBlm RT ( z z )
2
2

DAB =

2
1

t P M A ( P A 1P A 2 ) x 2

( 8 25.736 kg/m3 ) ( 5.79 x 104 Pa ) 8.314 N . m ( 35 3 k ) [ ( 0.093 m )2( 0.094 )2 ]

mol . k
60 s
1 kg
( 113073.84 Pa ) 88.11 g /mol
( 760.67 Pa752.58 Pa ) 2
15 min
1 min
1000 g

= -1.79x10

NA =

[(

-9

m2
s

D AB P
RT ( z 2z 1 ) ln

PP A 2
PP A 1

( 1.79 x 109 m2 /s ) (113073.84 Pa )

Nm
8.314
( 353 k )( 0.0 93 m0.09 2m )
mol . k

mol
g
= 4.97 x 10-9 s . m2 8.11 mol

= 4.38 x 10-7

g
2
ms

ln

113073.84 Pa752.58 Pa
( 113073.8
4 Pa760.67 Pa )