WAJA 2009

ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS
FORM FOUR

( Students Copy )

Name: ___________________________
Class : ___________________________

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

Learning objective:
1.2 Understand the concept of function
Learning outcomes
1.2.1 Recognize function as a special relation
1. Observe the relation shown below and then draw the matching lines.
x

2
-1
1
3

2x+3

4
1
7
9
5

O
ne

Set x t
o
-

Set y

Range

o
n
e

{ 2, -1, 1, 3}

Images

2, -1, 1, 3

O
Domain
n
4, 1, 7, 9, 5
e
Codomain
t
1, 7, 9, 5
o
Objects
m
{ 1, 7, 9, 5 }
a
n
y
2. Fill in the blanks for the ordered pairs {(a , 10), (b , 2), ( c , 3 ), ( d , 3)}
Domain : ={

, M,

Codomain ={
Range

={

Objects =

a
n,
y

t,
o
-

o
n
e

,
,

}
}

,
2

M
a
WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS
(FORM 4)
Chapter 1: Functions
n
y
3. Using the letters A, B, C and D, match the following statements to the types of relation.

A many objects to many images

B one object to one image
t
o
C one object to many images
D many object to one image
-

one-to-one

m
a
n
y
O
n
one-to-many
e

many-to-one

many-to-many

4. In a function, each object has only one image.

(a) Write the type of relation.t
o a function.
(b) Determine if the relation is
-

r
u

o
n
e

p
q
r

Type of relation

Yes

O
n
e
t
o
m
a
n
y

No

Yes
No

Yes

c
b

M
a
n
y

No

t
o
o
n
e

Is this a function?

M
a
n
y
WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS
(FORM 4)
Chapter 1: Functions

Yes

t
o

No

m
a
n
In a function,
y
each object has only one image

5. Draw lines to show the correct matching.

One to- one

One-to-many

Many to- one

One- to-many

Function

Not Function

6 For each of the following:

Many tothe
- many
a) complete
table
b) tick the correct answer
i
Function
4

Not a function

Each object has only one image

Object image
4

Number of image
1

Not every object has one image only

Function

ii.

f (2,3), ( 1,4), ( 2,4), (1,5)

Not a function

Each object has only one image

4
Not every object has one image only

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

Object image
-2
4

Number of image
2
1

iii.
.
Set B

Function

Not a function

d
a

Object image
a

Each object has only one image

Set A

Number of image
1

Not every object has one image only

iv.
Type of number
1

odd

Function

even

Not a function

prime
4

Each object has only one image

Object image

Number of image
Not every object has one image only

Function
v.

31

Not a function

30
29

Each object has only one image

5
Not every object has one image only

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions
Feb Mar April

Object image

Number of image

Learning objective:
1.2 Understand the concept of function
Learning outcomes
1.2.2 Express function using function notation
1. Discuss the example given below
X

Bear

Cub

Cat

kitten

Dog

Puppy

Object
x

Image
y

relation

Bear

Cub

Is young of

Cat

Kitten

Young of

Dog

Puppy

Young of

Conclusion :

A function can be represented by

lower-case alphabet such as f, g,
h and others

f (bear) = cub
f (x) = y

2. Write each of the function below by using function notation.

1. A = {(2,4),(3,9), (4,16)}
Object
x

Image
y

relation

Conclusion:

f (x) =

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

x2

3.
Square root of

-2

-1

1
4

Object
x

Image
y

relation

Conclusion:

f (x) =

4.
.
Set
Q
9
6
Conclusion:
3

Set P

f (x) =

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

Object
P

Image
Q

relation

Learning objective:
1.2 Understand the concept of function
Learning outcomes
1.2.4. Determine the image of function given the object and vice verse
1. Complete the table based on the given diagram and find the image of 1
x

- 4
1
4
5
3

O
ne

-1
1
3

x t
o
-

Object
o
n
e2

x+2

Image
4

-1

Conclusion :
If the object

O
n
e
t3
o
m
a
isn 1,
y

3
5

then the image is 3

2.
M
a
n
y

t
o
o
n

M
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WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL
MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)
Chapter 1: Functions n
y
Set
Q

Object

t
o

m
a
2n
y
O
n
e

Conclusion :

If the object is
3. Complete the
f(x)
f(0)
f(
f(

4.

, then the image is

t
table
o
-

based on the given object

o
n
e

Image when object

)
O
n
e
4f ( x)
3t
f (a) o
m
f(2+x) a
n
f(2x+5) y

Observe

Set P

M
a
the function
n
y

Image when object

Image when object

Image when object

0
4
-3

shown below and then complete the table.

o
n
e

M
a
n
y

t
o

Image when object

t
o
-

Image

m
a
n
y
WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)
Chapter 1: Functions

0bject

image

2a+3
1
7
9
5
2x+1333
2x+3

-1

1 O
n
3 e
a
2x
x+5 t
2

o
x o
2 n
-1 e

3
f(x)
f(2) =7
f(
) =1
f(1) =

3
a O
2x
n
x+5
2(x +3)e

t
5. Solve by calculations
o
(a) Given that f ( x) x -2 find the image of x = 1
m
a f ( x) x 2
n
y f(1) = 1 + 2

(b) Given that

M
a
n
y

f ( x) 2 x 1

object=1
x=1

= 3

find the image of - 2

ft ( x ) 2 x 1
o
f(-2)- = 2(- 2) + 1
o
n
e
10

Object= -2
x=-2

M
a
n
y
WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS
(FORM 4)
Chapter 1: Functions

= - 3

t
= 3
o
m
a
n
f ( x) 3x 2 5
y
O
f (0) = 3(0)n2 - 5
e

( c )Given that f ( x ) 3 x 2 5 find the value of f (0), f (3) and f (

3
)
5

x = 0

= -5

t
o
f ( x) 3 x 2 5
o
n
e

x = 3

f ( x) 3 xn2 5

e
x =
t
o
m
6. Given that g ( x) 3 2 xa, find the object which has an image of 7
n
g (object)
=y
g(x)
= 3 - 2x
image
g7 (x)
7 M
=3 =2x

a
n
7 - 3 =-2x
4 = -2xy
-2= x

t
o
o
n

11

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

M
Chapter 1: Functions

(b) Given that

h( x ) 2 3 x

a
n, find the object which has an image of 1
y

h(x) = 2 3 x
g (object) =

image

1 =2 + 3x
g (x) =1
t

o
1 = ( 2 +3x)

2+3x = 1
3x = 1 - 2

m
2 a+ 3x = -1
n3x = -1 2
y
3x = -3

3x = -1
x=-1
1
x =
3

7. For each of the functions, find the image for the object given
a) Given that g ( x) 2 x 5 ,find the image of 4 and 4
g ( x) 2 x 5

x= -4

g ( x) 2 x 5

x =4

12

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

b) Given that h( x)

1
1
, x 2, find the image of
2
2
4x

and 1

3x 1
, x 0, find the image of 2 and 4
2x
3x 2
2
, x , find the image of 3 and 1
d) Given that f ( x)
3x 2
3

c) Given that h( x)

8. Determine the object(s) of the functions below with the given image
a) Given that g ( x ) 2 3 x , find
i. the object of 4 under g
ii. The value of a when g (a) = 6
b) Given that h( x)

1
, x 2, find the value of x if h(x) = 1
4 x2

3x 1
, x 0, find the object which has image of 2
2x
3x 2
2
, x , find the object which has image of 3
d) Given that f ( x)
3x 2
3

c) Given that h( x)

13

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

image

Learning objective:
1.3 Understand the concept of composite functions

1
5

-7

Learning outcomes
1.3.1 Determine the composite of two functions
1. Completed the table and match
Object
Functions
f(x) = 5-3x
f(4) =5 3(4)
4
= 5 12
= -7

f ( x) x 2 1

-1

f (1) (

)2 1

g ( x)

-7

4 x
3

14

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

g ( x)

2x 1
5

h( x )

2x 4
x 1

h( x ) 3 x 2

-1
2. Complete the table by solve the function.
object
2

Function f(x) = 2x+1

f ( 2) = 2(2)+1
= 4+1
= 5

3
-2
3
2

a
2a+3
x2
x+2

15

image
5

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

3. Let f and g be two functions defined by f : x 2 x and g : x 3 x . Find the

image of each object for the composite functions gf
Object
x

Image under
f ( x) 2 x

and

f(1)= 2(1)
=2

and

f(3)= 2(3)

and

Image under
g(x)= 3-x
g(2)= 3 - (2)
=3-2
= 1
g(

-2

f(

)= 2(-2)

and

g(

g(x)= 3-x
)= 3 - (
=
=

gf(-2)=7

g(x)

gf(3)=-3

Composite function

f(x)

gf(1)=1

g(x)= 3-x
)= 3 - ( 6 )
=3-6
=-3

gf(x)

Composite functions
of gf(x)

g ( x) 3 x

3
7

Conslusion
When you see gf (x), it mean substituted f (x) into g (x)

4. Let f and g be two functions defined by f : x 2 x and g : x 3 x . Find the image of

each object for the composite functions f g
Object

Image under

and
16

Image under

Composite functions

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

g ( x) 3 x

g(x) = 3-x
g(1) = 3 - (1)
=3-1
= 2

3
g(

g(

and

g(x)= 3-x
)= 3 - ( 3 )
=3-3
=
g(x)= 3-x
)= 3 - (

and

3
-2

f(2) = 2(2)
=4

fg(1) = 4

fg(3) = 0

and

f(

)= 2( 5 )

fg(-2)=10

Composite function

fg

of fg(x)

f(0)= 2(

f ( x) 2 x

f(x)

g(x)

5
0
2

10
0
4

Conslusion
When you see fg (x), it mean substituted g (x) into f (x)

5. Let f and g be two functions defined by f : x 2 x and g : x 3 x . expressions in

similar form the composite functions fg

17

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions
f : x 2x
g : x 3 x

f(x)=2x

g(x)=3-x
=fg(x)
=f[g(x)]
= f[3-x]
f(x)=2x

=2[3-x]
= 6-2x

6. Let f and g be two functions defined by f : x 2 x and g : x 3 x . express in similar

form the composite function gf
f : x 2x

g : x 3 x

f(x)=2x

g(x)=3-x
= gf(x)
= g[f (x)]
= g[2x]
g(x)=3-x
= 3-[2x]
= 3-2x

18

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

7. For each of following pairs of functions, obtain expressions in similar

form for gf dan fg
3
f : x , x 0 and g : x 2 x 1
x
3
g:x 2x+1
f :x
x
3
f ( x)
g:x =___________
x

a.

= fg(x)
= f[

3
x
3
f ( x)
x

g:x

f :x

2x+1

g:x =___________

= gf(x)
=g[
]

g(x)=3-x

f ( x)

3
x

2x
1
,x
4x 1
4
2
c. Given f : x x 4 and g ( x) 1 x find an expression for

b. f : x 3 x 1 and

g ( x)

each of the following functions.

i.

ii.

fg
gf
g2

iii.
iv.

Learning objective:
1.3 Understand the concept of composite functions
Learning outcomes
1.3.2 Determine the image of composite given the object and vice versa of two
functions

1. Functions f(x)= 3x2 and g(x)= 3x +4. find an expression for each of the following
functions.
a. f 2
b. fg
c. g
d. g2

19

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

g (x) = 3x+4

f (x) 3x 2

f2(x)

fg

gf

g2

ff(x)=f[f(x) ]

fg(x)=f[g(x) ]

gf(x)=g[f(x) ]

gg(x)=g[g(x) ]

= f[ 3x2]
= 3( 3x 2 ) 2
= 3(9 x 4 )
= 27 x 4

= f[ _______ ]

= g[ ________ ]

= g[ _______ ]

2. Functions f(x)= 3x2 and g(x)= 3x +4 are defined. Calculated fg(-2)

f (x) 3x2

2.
3x

g(x) =3x+4
= fg(-2)

Functions f(x)= 3x2 and g(x)=

+4 are defined. Calculated
i. gf(-2)

= f[g(-2) ]
f (x) 3x2

g(x) =3x+4
gf(-2)
= [3(-2)+2]
= [-6+2]
= -4

f ( x) 3 x 2

ii. the value of x for which fg(x)=3

4. Functions h ( x) = 6x-2 and g(x)= 3x are defined. Calculated

a) hg(-3)
b) gh(-2)
c) the value of x for which

20

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

( i ) hg(x)= 1
( ii ) gh(x)= - 3

Learning objective:
1.4 Understand the concept of inverse functions
Learning outcomes
1.4.1 Find object by inverse mapping given its image and function.
1. Observe the function shown below and then find the relations.
f -1

Diagram A

Diagram B

object
3

Function
f

image
4
b

object
4
b

21

Function
f -1
f -1

image
3
a

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

f
f
3

f -1
f
f

-1

f (3) = 4
f -1(4) = 3
f(a) = b
f -1(b) = a
Conclusion :
The object and image for a function and is inverse function will interchange.
This new function is called inverse function of f and denoted by f -1
f
x

f (x)=y
f -1(y)=x

y
f -1

2. Complete the table based on the information given.

a. The diagram below show the function f : x 4 2 x between set A and set B.
object
2
-1
1
3
22

Function f(x) =
4+2x
f ( 2) = 4+2(2)1
= 4+4
= 8

image
8

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

O
ne

-1
1
3

Set At
o
-

4+2x

2
8
10
6
Set B

Find:

o
(i) fn-1(8) =
e

(ii) O
f -1(6)=
n
e
(iii) -f -1(2) =
t
o
m
a
n
y
M
a
n
y

b.

diagram above, f : x 3 2 x is the function

In the
t
x
f
3-2x
object
Function
o
-

2
-1
1
k

O
ne

t
o
-

o
n
e

-1
h

-1

-4
1

1
k

M
a
n
y

o
n t
e o

23

f(x) = 3-2x
f ( 2) =3-2(2)
=3-4
= 1

image

O
n m
e a
- n
t y
WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL
MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)
o O
Chapter 1: Functions
n
. Find - e
m i. f -1(-4) =
a
n t
y o
-

ii. f -1(h)=
Mo
a n
e The value of h =
n iii.
y
O

c.

The value of k =
iv.
n
t e
o x5
- the
t diagram above, f : x 3 2 x
In
is the function
2

o
xo n m
e a
n
1
y
4
O
x
nM
M
-3 e a
a n
n y

object

Find

a
b
5
1

4
x
-3

y
t
ot
-o
t oo
no
n
- e e -1
i. f (1) =
m
a Oii.
nn
y eM
a
O-iii.
t
n n
e oy
-iv.

m
t at
o nv.
o
-y

f -1(5)=
The value of a =
The value of b =
The value of x =

o
n Mm
e aa
nn
yy
O

24

Function
f(x) = 3-2x
f ( 2) =3-2(2)
=3-4
=1

image

et
-o
to
-o
WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL
MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)
mn
Chapter 1: Functions
ae
n
Learning objective:
1.4 Understandy the concept of inverse functions
Learning outcomes
M
1.4.2 DetermineMthe inverse function using algebra
aa
n n function by using the operation method
1. Find the inverse
yy

x t
o t
-o

(i)

f -1

on
em
X a
n
y
O
Mn
ae
n
y
t
o
t
oo
n
-e

m
-1
Given
a Of(x)=3x-1 find f (x)
nn
ye
object
x3
t x
o
m
ya 1 3
n
y3
Image of f -1(y)
f 1M
( y)

3x

( x)

-1

image
3x-1
Let 3x-1 = y

y+1

y 1
3

a
n of x f
in term
y

f (x)=y
f -1(y)=x

f -1(y)

Example:

f(x)

x 1
3

25

+1

o
n
e

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

(a) Given fa( x) 2 x, g ( x)

n
i.
y
ii.
iii.

f -1(x)
g-1(y)
h -1(y)

t
o
Solution
-

x
and h( x) 3 x 1 , find
5

(i) f ( x) 2 x,
x

m
a
n
y

x2

Let 2x = y

Image of f -1(y)

y
2
in terms of x f 1 ( x)
f 1 ( y )

(ii) g ( x)

x
5

Let
y
Image of g -1(y)

g 1 ( y )
in terms of x g 1 ( x)
26

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

(iii) h( x) 3 x 1 ,

Let

Image of h -1(y)
h 1 ( y )
in term of x h 1 ( x)

2.

Find the inverse function by using the computation method

(a ) Given f ( x) 2 x, g ( x)

x
and h( x) 3 x 1 , find
5

i) f -1(x)
ii) g-1(y)
iii) h -1(y)
Solution

(i) f ( x) 2 x,
f ( x) 2 x

Let g(x)=y
2x y

x2

27

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

(ii) g ( x)

x
5
g ( x)

x
5

Let g(x)=y

(iii) h( x) 3 x 1 ,
f ( x) 3 x 1

3. Find the inverse functions of the following.

28

WAJA 2009 ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS (FORM 4)

Chapter 1: Functions

[ Note: Students can use either method ]

a. Given f ( x)
i. f -1(x)
ii. g -1(x)

2
x
, x 3 and g ( x)
, Find
x3
x 1

b. Given f ( x) 4 5 x and g ( x)

x
1 , Find
2

i. f -1(x)
ii. g -1(x

29