Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(OPENMARK 5000)
Users Guide Vol.
Equipment Manual
Version: 1.0
Equipment Manual
Contents
Foreword
Chapter 1 Safety
10
24
24
25
25
28
38
39
39
41
41
41
43
44
50
56
56
57
Chapter 5 Troubleshooting
61
65
69
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Equipment Manual
Foreword
Thank you for using OPENMARK 5000 double column Type Permanent-magnet MRI System made by
Anke. This system can image whole human body with various views, obtaining anatomic, physiological
and biological information in diagnostic medicine. It is mainly used to examine and diagnose for pathologic
changes of tumors, blood vessels, infections, surgical trauma, congenital malformation, as well as
retrograde affection.
For operating this system safely and reliably, please read the manuals carefully and thoroughly before
operation.
Manufacturer:
Full Name of Manufacturer: Shenzhen Anke High-Tech Co., Ltd.
Equipment Manual
Recording Number of Name, Type, Product Registration Number and Product
Standard of this System
Name: MRI System
Type: ASM-050P (OPENMARK 5000)
Product Registration Number:
Product Standard Number:
Equipment Manual
Equipment Manual
Chapter 1 Safety Precautions
This equipment has strong magnetic field, high voltage, heavy current and mechanical movement
components. Please follow the following safety precautions to safeguard personnel safety.
Equipment Manual
Forbidden: ferromagnetic tools
Ferromagnetic tools are forbidden to take into scan room.
Equipment Manual
On (Power: connection to the mains)
Off (only for a part of equipment)
On (only for apart of equipment)
Equipotentiality
Dangerous Voltage
Serial Number
Manufacturer
Authorized Representative
MR
Socket For MR
Equipment Manual
When positioning, please prompt patient to
1.
Prompt patient to close eyes and mustn't
stare at laser beam.
2.
Patient table is prone to clip body
parts of patient during moving.
Nameplate of Product
Warning!
Caution!
Equipment Manual
Prompts that it may cause equipment damage.
Attention!
Prompts that it is very important, but may not cause injury or equipment damage.
Warning!
For fear of cross infection between patients, please
dont touch patients skin with the coils of
equipment.
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Equipment Manual
Warning!
Pre-screening of patients must be performed
before MR examine. Patients who are not
applicable for MR examine will be injured in scan
room.
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Equipment Manual
Operator is responsible to alarm patient who is sensitive to noise, such as baby, pregnant woman, elders.
Take special protection for these patients and pay attention to their acceptable sound pressure level.
For newborn baby or premature baby who can not use normal ear protection or any other protection,
operator should have training experience of handling protection reasonably.
Pay seriously attention to unconscious patient as anesthesia patient, ever though their protection is under
normal sound pressure level.
Attention!
Jam up patients ears before scanning.
Warning!
Persons without permission may ignore warning
signs and maybe injure in scan room.
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Equipment Manual
Only special non
magnetic tools equipped with this machine can be used in routine inspection and
maintenance in scan room, such as 8" non magnetic adjustable wrench, 6" non magnetic - screw driver, 8"
non magnetic + screws driver and 10" non magnetic - screw driver. Other tools and equipment are not
allowed to use in scan room with permission by maintenance personnel of our Company.
Warning!
Unapproved tools and equipments maybe lose
control in scan room.
Peripheral equipment such as monitoring device, life-holdout device and emergency nursing device are
forbidden to take into scan room, for these devices may be disturbed by radio frequency field or magnetic
field and may disturb the normal functions of this equipment.
Warning!
Unapproved peripheral equipment may disturbed
by radio frequency field or magnetic field and
cant work normally; or may disturb the normal
functions of this equipment.
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Equipment Manual
Operator should keep a strict filtration of the patient who takes sedative, lose consciousness of all body or
partial, to avoid risk caused by that patient can not warn operator overheat or tissue damage.
Operator should be responsible to make sure there is no unconnected receiving coil or cable inside RF
transmitting coil while scanning.
Warning!
The use of untested and unapproved auxiliaries of
MR equipment such as physiological monitoring
device, gate control device and RF coil may cause
burn or other injury to patient.
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Equipment Manual
Warning!
Nonobservance of the instruction made by
manufacturer when using compatible auxiliaries
with MR equipment, especially the instruction
about riding positions of conductive electrodes,
may injure patient.
Warning!
User should be responsible for discussing
fireproofing
affairs
and
formulating
fire
1.4.12 Artifacts
Steps and links in MRI are various and imaging methods are relative complex, so that there are so many kinds
of artifacts. Some artifacts are caused by intrinsic methods or the equipment itself, so that they are called
system artifacts; some are caused by patients autokinetic movement or normal physiological motions, they
are called motion artifacts; some are caused by ferromagnetic matters, they are called metal artifacts; some
are caused by hardware fault, they are called fault artifacts.
To reduce the occurrence probability of artifacts and their amplitude and to distinguish the influence of
artifacts is an important subject in MRI field. You should take serious consideration on it.
Some common artifacts and countermeasures are introduced in the following:
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Equipment Manual
1.4.12.1.1 Aliasing Artifacts
Aliasing artifacts mainly occur in the phase encoding direction because most sequences use over-sampling
anti-wrap technique in frequency encoding direction. When the FOV of scanned image is smaller than the
signal generating area, signals from outside of FOV in the phase encoding direction will appear in the
imaging area after Fourier transform, so that aliasing artifacts occur.
There are many methods to eliminate aliasing artifacts as follows:
Increase FOV. Increasing FOV can eliminate aliasing artifacts, but it declines the resolution of images at
the same time.
Select FOV factors more than 1. FOV factor of 1.5 or 2.0 can reduce the probability of occurrence of
aliasing artifacts because the actual FOV in phase encoding direction is become 1.5 or 2.0 times
compared with the original FOV, which equals to increasing FOV in phase encoding direction. Adding
FOV factor, the resolution of images will remain unchanged but scan time and SNR will increase. So
that you should jointly select NAV to keep scan time and SNR unchanged.
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Equipment Manual
1.4.12.1.4 Cross-talking Artifacts
In multi-slice and multi-angle scan, when the defined slices cross in imaging area, black strip will appear on
the images corresponding to the crossing area, which is called cross-talking artifacts.
You should place the cross area to the out side of patient body or uninteresting area in the location stage to
eliminate the influence of artifacts on diagnosis.
1.4.12.1.5 Inhomogeneity
The deviation of scanned part to magnet center or coil center can lead to the reduction of homogeneity of the
images.
You should make sure that the interesting part is located in the center of the coil and the coil is located in the
center of magnet as much as possible in the locating process to keep the homogeneity of the image.
Additionally, the absolute value of slice offset should not be set too large.
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Equipment Manual
Pulsate artifacts are motion artifacts caused by pulsate of trunks, another normal physiological motion. You
can select encoding exchange to change the direction of pulsate artifacts so that improve the quality of image
of interesting area.
Swallow artifacts are motion artifacts caused by swallowing motion of the patient. When scanning
nasopharynx or cervical part, operator should prompt patient to restrict swallow as much as possible in
scanning.
You can consider using pre-saturation to eliminate the above motion artifacts according imaging slices.
1.4.12.2.3 Flow Artifacts
The flow of blood and cerebrospinal fluid can cause artifacts on images, which is called flow artifacts.
You can select sequences with flow compensation function to eliminate artifacts caused by flow within slice.
The influence of flow perpendicular to the slice to images is complex to analyze. For SE sequences, if
scanning only one slice, the blood vessels perpendicular to the slice represent low signals, because the flow of
blood lead to difference between blood excited by 90 degrees pulse and blood excited by 180 degrees pulse;
if performing multi-slice scan, the situation becomes extremely complex: the blood may be excited by 90
degrees pulse in a certain slice, and then be excited by 180 degree in another slice, the echo lies on the
acquisition window of the third slice, now, the blood vessels represent low signal. So that a common situation
is that the blood vessels represents high signal in one slice and represent low signal in another slice.
You can impose pre-saturation belt upon or under the imaging area to saturate the signal of blood vessels
perpendicular to and flow to imaging slice to eliminate the flow artifacts caused by the fluctuate of blood
signal.
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Equipment Manual
To eliminating metal artifacts, you should make good efforts to pre-discriminate patients to prevent
unqualified patients from scan and you should require patients to be scanned to take way all removable
ferromagnetic articles before entering scan room.
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Equipment Manual
1.4.12.4.4 Power Frequency Artifacts
If there is power frequency equipment such as high-voltage transmission lines, high power transformer and
electromotor near the equipment, power frequency magnetic filed may influence the equipment and cause
power frequency disturbance artifacts.
The feature of power frequency disturbance is that there are two artifacts along the two sides of phase
encoding direction, most part of which lap over the normal image, disturbing display of the image. The
distance between the center of artifact and the center of normal image is related to the setting of TR. Because
the stability of power frequency disturbance is much weaker than stability of pulse sequence, the situation of
power frequency may be more complex.
You must find out disturbance source and get rid of this source to eliminate power frequency disturbance.
1.4.12.4.5 Saturation Artifacts
Saturation artifacts are artifacts caused by saturated signal deriving from hardware failure. The main features
are as follows: the image is dim and inhomogeneous, and background noise increase obviously. You can scan
again to eliminate the artifacts. If the artifacts still cant be eliminated after re-scan, you should contact
maintenance personnel of this equipment.
1.4.12.4.6 DC Artifacts
In data acquisition, the DC component of the system can cause a bright spot in the center of the image, which
is called DC artifacts.
Some sequences may cause central bright spot artifacts in one time average scan, which is normal in this
equipment. You can eliminate DC artifacts by selecting even average. If the bright spot still appears after you
select even average, you should contact maintenance personnel of this equipment.
1.4.12.4.7 Frequency Setting Error
When unexpected cause lead to error in setting frequency, the system cant acquire signal and the acquired
images are full of noise.
You should check hardware first, and then tune frequency again if the hardware is in good condition. If the
RF Power Amplifier or Gradient Power Amplifier is failure, you should reset it and then tune frequency
again.
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Equipment Manual
Attention!
Untrained personnel are forbidden to operate this
system. No person is allowed to run the
unapproved
programs,
for
it
may
cause
Operator should strictly follow the procedures of regulations about startup and shutdown equipment in this
guide, dont leave operation room when scanning. If the equipment is not started up and shut down
according to normal procedures, or cant scan, please contact our company immediately.
Warning!
The high voltage and heavy current in some
components in the cabinet of this equipment may
injure people. These components can be treated by
service personnel of our company only.
You must follow the concrete operation instructions, warnings, cautions and attentions in every chapter
during system routine operation, or else, any deviation may cause safety accidents.
Attention!
Make sure to obey the operation instructions,
warnings, cautions and attentions in every chapter,
or safety accidents may occur.
Generally speaking, this system is not permitted to connect with other systems or components. If the
connection is necessary, it must be approved by technical personnel of our company. It is forbidden to
supply power of this system to other system or components in any case.
Caution!
21
Unsuitable cable connection
may cause part or
Equipment Manual
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Equipment Manual
Ri Ro < 10%
Ro
Rp1+ Rp 22 Ro
2 Ro
<10%
1.4.15 Maintenance
All user maintenance must be done by appropriately trained personnel. Individual components of MRI
system contain no user-serviceable parts. Maintenance by untrained personnel may present an electric
shock hazard. See chapter 4 of equipment maintenance guide for further information.
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Equipment Manual
With the purpose of ensure normal running of peripheral equipment test, please refer to chapter2.5 of this
volume for compatibility technical specification of this system.
This system is electrical product that would bring harm to human and environment if it is disposed of as
domestic garbage at the end of usage period. It must be delivered to recycling center which is appointed to
handle these products. Please contact local government, domestic garbage disposal, its agent or
manufactory for more information of garbage disposal, recovery, recycling station for this kind of
electrical product.
The multi-purpose portable socket-outlet of this system is only designed to supply power for the parts of
this system. The maximum output of the multi-purpose portable socket-outlet is 2.2kVA/220VAC. For
system safety, please make sure that all protective earth conductors of this system are connected with the
common protective earth conductor of the mains when installed, and the scan room is only used for patient
environment.
Warning!
Dont place the multiple portable socket-outlet on
the floor.
Warning!
Dont connect an additional multiple portable
socket-outlet to this system.
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Equipment Manual
Caution!
Connecting the computer or other equipment
which has been supplied as a part of this system
directly to the wall outlet may result in personnel
injury.
Caution!
Connecting electrical equipment which has not
been supplied as a part of this system to the
multiple portable socket-outlet must comply with
the IEC60601-1-1, Otherwise that may result in
personnel injury.
Alarm condition
Priority
Alarm signal
frequency
Indicator
color
Low
Fault to
connect to
Constant
Yellow
Constant
Yellow
Constant
Yellow
Constant
Yellow
Constant
Yellow
database
2
Low
enough
3
not enough
Low
strong
4
Low
Low
25
during
Equipment Manual
scanning
6
Low
Constant
Yellow
constant
Yellow
work
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Equipment Manual
Chapter 2 Structure and Components of the Equipment
The components of OPENMARK 5000 MRI equipment, the usage of components and units, brief of
operating principle and key performance index are described in this chapter.
Engine Room
Operating Room
Printer &
Options
Camera
Spectrometer
RF PA
Display
Computer
RF
Preamplifier
Tuning
Box
UPS
Electric
Voltage
Regulator
APS
Air
Conditioner
27
Blower
Fans
Equipment Manual
Signal flow of Open 5000 MRI equipment is as follows: the computer-controlled spectrometer generates
special pulse sequence according the requirements of user, the RF signal of pulse sequence is amplified by
RF power amplifier and transmitted to transmitting coil to generate RF magnetic field; the gradient signal of
pulse sequence is amplified by gradient power amplifier, and transmitted to gradient coils to generate
gradient magnetic field. The objective examined generates magnetic resonance (MR) signal under the
action of RF magnetic field and gradient magnetic field. The MR signal is received by receiving coil and
amplified and transmitted to spectrometer for synchronous demodulation and data acquisition, the acquired
data is transmitted to computer to rebuild MR images, MR images are transmitted to display for showing
and analyzing.
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Equipment Manual
Air conditioner and blower fans are powered with 220V and 380V AC separately.
Warning!
All outputs of isolation electric voltage regulator
are special source for this system and you are not
allowed to connect other equipment to them without
permission.
Operating room
+15V
12W
Engine Room
Scan Room
Magnet and Coil s
Spectrometer
RF PA
220V
13W
Electric
Voltage
Regulator
APS
220V
13W
380V
34W
1 Grounding
UPS
is
RF
Preamplifier
Lighting
Wall 220V
Socket 12W
Tuning
Box
220V
13W
Intercom
Subsystem
D
+24V
12W
36V
12W
+36V
12W
220V
13W
Computer
w
er
220V
13W
220V
13W
Gradient
PA
+48V
12W
Display
380V/34W
Printer &
Options
Camera
tr
ib
ut
io
n
C
h
ar
t
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Equipment Manual
The environmental requirements to Scan Room are as follows: temperature: 223, relative humidity:
40%-80%.
Any Fault of air-condition in air-condition room would affect the temperature in scan room, so the operator
is advised to monitor the scan room; temperature usually.
Warning!
There are components with high voltage and heavy
current in cabinet and transmission plate, untrained
persons are forbidden to enter Engine room.
Warning!
There are components with high voltage and heavy
current on air conditioner equipment, untrained
persons are forbidden to enter air conditioner room.
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Equipment Manual
2.2 Components of the Equipment
The key components of 5000 MRI equipment include magnet, Patient Table, cabinet, transmission plate,
Console, receiving coils, etc.
Key components are introduced as follows:
2.2.1 Magnet
OPENMARK 5000 Magnet is made from rare earth permanent magnet mater NdFeB, after magnetizing,
Once magnetized, excepting accident, NdFeB will keep magnetism permanently. This magnetic will keep
being regardless the system is running or not.
Sketch map of edge magnetic field of magnet shows the three-view drawing of the distribution of edge
magnetic along space contour line, the unit of spatial distance is mm, and the strength of magnetic field is
Gs.
User should operate the equipment according to safety precautions in section 1.4 for fear of personal injury.
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Equipment Manual
Warning!
Please prompt patient to close eyes and mustnt
stare at locating laser beam during locating
operation.
Please put your hands on upper side of patient table
and on the handle of grip brake, not be crashed by
patient table.
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Equipment Manual
2.2.3 Receiving Coils and RF Preamplifier
Receiving coils receives the electromagnetic wave radiated by stimulated protons in selected part of patient.
Operator should select proper coil from coils for head, neck, chest, abdomen, spinal column, joints, breast
etc.
The signal of receiving coil feeds to RF Preamplifier though the socket on shell of magnet. Please make
sure that coil plug is reliably connected with socket on the shell of magnet. The socket on the shell of
magnet is forbidden to use for other purpose, it is only use for coil plug connection. RF Preamplifier
amplifies MR signal. The amplified MR signal is transmitted to the spectrometer for process.
2.2.4 Cabinet
The cabinet is the most centralized place for electronic units. There are high voltage and heavy current in it,
so that there are protective doors both in front of and behind the cabinet. Untrained personnel are forbidden
to open the protective doors. In normal condition, switches on electric voltage regulator control the power
to all components in cabinet and operator is not necessary to open the protective doors.
Warning!
There are units with high voltage and heavy current
in the cabinet, untrained personnel are forbidden to
open protective doors.
2.2.4.1 Spectrometer
Spectrometer is the real-time control unit of OPENMARK 5000 MRI equipment, which can acquire MR
signal in real time through running the programmed pulse sequence. Spectrometer can also receive external
trigger signal to synchronize pulse sequence with external events, or output synchronized signal to external
to realize synchronous operation with external equipment.
Warning!
In normal condition, turnon and turnoff of
spectrometer are controlled by switch on the
cabinet of electric voltage regulator. Please dont
move
the
switch
of
permission
33
spectrometer
without
Equipment Manual
Spectrometer consists of system control unit, timing controller, gradient waveform generator, RF unit and
data acquisition unit.
The power switch of spectrometer is in the back of spectrometer. In normal condition, the switch of electric
voltage regulator controls the turnon and turnoff of the spectrometer. Please dont turn the switch in the
back of the spectrometer without permission. See section 3.2 for concrete operation procedure.
2.2.4.2 Tuning Box
The main functions of tuning box are as follows:
(1) Automatically recognize the type of receiving coil (50 ohms single coil or quadrature coils).
(2) Output test signal for tuning receiving coils.
(3) Receive the parameters of tuned voltage delivered by computer, and transform it to voltage signal
thought D/A transformation, and then apply this voltage to receiving coils.
(4) Provide power supply for locating circuit
The turnon and turnoff of tuning box are controlled by electric voltage regulator; see section 3.2 for
concrete operation procedure. In normal condition, please dont carry out any operation on tuning box.
2.2.4.3 Gradient Power Amplifier
Gradient power amplifier establishes gradient magnetic field with gradient coils mounted within the shell of
magnet.
Gradient power amplifier can separately put out three channels of current to drive three channels of gradient
coils and establish gradient magnetic field along three orthogonal directions in space.
Turnon and turnoff of gradient power amplifier are controlled by electric voltage regulator. See section 3.2
for concrete operation procedure. In normal condition, it is not necessary to carry out any operation on
gradient power amplifier.
Warning!
There are high voltage and heavy current in gradient
power amplifier. Please dont touch any component
of output.
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Equipment Manual
Warning!
Any change of buttons, switches and connectors on
gradient power amplifier may cause system damage
or life risk.
Caution!
Output connectors of RF power amplifier are in the
back of cabinet. Without permission, operator is
forbidden to loose connectors, or it may damage
amplifier.
Warning!
There is high voltage and heavy current in RF power
amplifier. Please dont touch any component of
output.
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Equipment Manual
for Scan Room is connected to Scan Room through the filters on the
Warning!
Without permission, none is allowed to loose the
cable connection in the back of APS. The power
supply to APS should never be cut off unless fire
and natural hazard with force majeure occur.
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Equipment Manual
Warning!
There are high voltage and heavy current passing
through
the
transmission
plate.
Without
2.2.7 Console
The console is the working interface for operator. UPS, computer and intercom subsystem as well as
options such as printer, camera is on or under the console.
The console is dedicated for this equipment. You are not allowed to place other articles beyond the
components supplied by our company on the console, say nothing to place heavy on the edge of the console.
Warning!
Using special power outlet on console without
permission may cause personal injury or equipment
damage.
Warning!
Unequipped articles of this equipment are not
allowed to place on the console.
There is a special power outlet on the console, whose output voltage is 220V~, 50/60Hz. the maximum
output power is 1kVA. This outlet
(optional) and other optional devices. Without permission, any other equipment is forbidden to use this
special outlet.
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Equipment Manual
UPS only powers computer, any other equipment is forbidden to connect to UPS. The function of UPS is to
continue to power computer after unexpected power cut, so that computer can complete normal exiting
operation, protecting file system from damage.
AS the central control unit of the whole MRI equipment, computer controls and coordinates running of
every parts of the equipment, undertakes many key tasks such as managing database, reconstructing
original data acquired from scan to image data, and displaying and analyzing images. Refer to computer
user manual for computers running environment.
The computer adopts DELL workstation, which has outstanding performance and strong capability of
numerical calculation. Double hard disks system is equipped with the computer, which obviously improved
the reliability of the equipment.
Computer has many kinds of data transmission interfaces. One of network interfaces of computer connects
to spectrometer to transmit sequence, parameter and control spectrometer, and get original data from
spectrometer to hard disk of computer. The second network interface, used as the interface between the
system and camera, supports DICOM3.0 standard and requires the IP address of camera to be
192.9.200.232. RS232 interface of computer connects to tuning box, transmits tuning and controlling
parameters to receiving coil, and recognize type of receiving coil, etc. There are several USB interfaces on
computer that can connect plug-and-play devices. Printer is connected to the computer by one USB
interface.
The computer used in the system has stronger power of image processing. The computer can display the
reconstructed images on screen for doctors to analyze and diagnose, with various kinds of operation such as
zoom in, zoom out, flip, gray scale transform, etc. The computer is equipped with graphic accelerating
processor, which can process images more quickly. The computer uses 19" or above, high resolution, color
display. All operations to the software are carried out through keyboard and mouse.
The computer has equipped with CDROM and DVD/CDRW driver, which can read and save data. See Vol.
of this guide for data saving. The computer is dedicated for this equipment. It is forbidden to set up and
run unapproved software on the computer or connect unapproved network link, or else, it may damage
system software.
Caution!
It is forbidden to set up and run unapproved
software on the computer or connect unproved
network link. Or else, it may cause damage of the
system software.
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Equipment Manual
Turn on and turn off the computer are controlled by panel switch of electric voltage regulator and UPS;
before shutdown of computer, you mustnt turn off the power supply of computer, or else, the file system
may be damaged. In case of sudden power cut, you must follow the operation regulation in section 3.2 to
exit the software system under support of the UPS.
Caution!
In normal turn off computer or in case of sudden
power cut, you must follow the operation
regulation to exit the software system under support
of the UPS, instead of turn off computer power
source directly.
Intercom subsystem is a semiduplex intercom device, which is used to talk between operator and patient. In
normal condition, patient can speak to operator through microphone mounted in magnet cavity; when
operator pushes down the button of communication on intercom system, he can speak to patient in the
magnet cavity. This Intercom subsystem also can play background music.
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Equipment Manual
Warning!
Misoperation to three-phase isolation electric
voltage regulator may cause personal injury or
equipment damage.
Without permission, it is forbidden to change fuse,
no speaking of using other type of fuse.
2.2.9 Camera
It only permits to connect the camera qualified by our company.
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Equipment Manual
notations, print films, etc; you also can register the next patient. Note: You cant enhance images during
scanning.
When storage, there is no other ferromagnetic substance to be allowed within 2.5 meters around the
magnet.
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Equipment Manual
SAR (specific absorption rate): always less than 1.5W/kg in any 15minutes under normal using condition of
any part of human body.
Receiving Coils: head coil, chest coil, abdomen coil, neck coil, spinal column coil, breast coil, knee coil,
wrist coil, shoulder coil and ankle coil.
Other: RF Self Shielding.
Head
coil
14"body
coil
17"body
coil
20"body
coil
Neck
coil
Breast
coil
Knee
coil
Shoulder
coil
Ankle
coil
Wrist coil
SNR
200
120
120
120
100
100
120
100
160
300
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Equipment Manual
Table 1 Image SNR
Image geometric distortion: According to the requirements of clause 4.3 in YY/T0482-2004, the
geometric distortion of system image should be not more than 5%.
Image uniformity: According to the requirements of clause 4.4 in YY/T0482-2004, uniformity of system
image should be not less than 75%.
High contrast spatial resolution: According to the requirements of clause 4.7 in YY/T0482-2004, high
contrast spatial resolution of system should be not more than 0.5mm.
Low contrast resolution: low contrast resolution should be not worse than distinguishing circular hole
with 2mm diameter and 0.5mm depth.
Slice thickness: According to the requirements of clause 4.8 in YY/T0482-2004, the thinnest slice is 1mm,
classical thickness is 5mm, 7mm. thickness error should be no more than 1mm.In addition, there
are many kinds of thickness to choose, such as 2mm3mm4mm5mm6mm8mm9mm10mm.
Positioning and Slice gap: According to the requirements of clause 4.9 in YY/T0482-2004, slice
positioning error should be no more than 3mm, slice gap error should be no more than 1mm or less
than 20%, use the larger one of these.
Image aspect ratio: image aspect ratio of circle and square model should be between 90% and 110%.
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Equipment Manual
Chapter 3 Routine Operation Guide
Some general operations are described in this chapter such as startup, shutdown, patient preparations, usage
of receiving coils, operations of Console, operations of Patient Table and Center Locating. See Vol. for
MRI software operations.
Process
Startup
Patient Preparations
Patient Registration
Tuning
Locating Scan
Scan
Print films
10
Shutdown
Before daily scanning, it is highly recommended to put the phantom in the center of magnet and tune the
MR system with abdomen coil in order to perform essential adjustment and ensure the quality of images.
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Equipment Manual
1) Turn on the switch of voltage regulator in engine room, the POWER indicator and STOP indicator is
lighted on when the voltage regulator is in good connection, then press STOP bottom and the STOP
indicator is off, that means the voltage regulator is connected to mains power supply successfully.
It displays normal output voltage on the screen if the voltage regulator works in normal condition, and no
any anomaly displaying.
2) Waiting for 10 seconds when voltage regulator entering normal operation condition, Press down the
START indicator on the front panel, and the START indicator is on automatically. You can hear the
sound of AC contactor taking actions and voltage regulator works.
3) Confirm that voltage regulator works in normal condition, turn on Console K1, Cabinet K2 in order,
and wait for a sounds di da di. from spectrometer, then continue to turn on Gradient K3, RF
Amplifier K4 and RF Preamplifier K5 in order. All of the system parts have been powered on, and all
their power indicators are lighted on.
Stop
Start
Preamplifier
RF PA
Gradient
Cabient
Console
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Equipment Manual
minutes. When Microsoft Windows XP starts up and self-check finish, the following information appears
on the screen:
Users Name:
Password:
Now the self-check and startup finish and the system are ready to log on.
6) Type users name and password and then press [enter]. The system switch to main interface of
Windows XP; double click RINMR icon on desktopAfter the interface of RINMR appears, then double
click shortcut icon of MRI software to enter MRI system.
If any display different from the above description appears, which indicates the failure of the startup, please
enter troubleshooting procedure, see chapter 5 for details.
Shut down steps: (The following steps must be carried out even in case of sudden power cut)
1) Exit MRI software system;
2) Exit RINMR;
3) Press and hold down Ctrl and ALT key, press DEL key at the same time, choose Shutdown in prompt
menu and choose Shutdown in shutdown menu.
4) Turn the UPS off after the computer is powered off automatically.
5) In machine room, pull down the five switches on the front panel of voltage regulator to turn off them in
the following order: Console, Cabinet, RF Amplifier, RF Preamplifier, and Gradient.
6) Press down STOP indicator on the front panel of voltage regulator, START indicator is off and
STOP indicator is on. AC connector makes break sound. (This step is elided in case of sudden power
cut).
7) On the back of voltage regulator, Pull down the triple switch marked Input Switch to turn off the power
of voltage regulator.
8) Shut down the air conditioner in machine room and lock the door of machine room if not starting up any
longer in the current day.
It is recommended starting up in every morning before work and shutting down after whole days scan.
Emergency is exception.
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Equipment Manual
The equipment is equipped with high quality color monitor, which only needs to adjust brightness, contrast
and geometric position. If the brightness and contrast of monitor are satisfied, please dont adjust them any
longer.
This equipment adopts standard computer keyboard.
Mouse is used to move cursor and make selection in menu. In general, press left button to select and press
right button to display submenu.
Please refer to their own operating manuals of intercom subsystem, UPS and other options such as
printer, camera, etc.
See relative chapters in vol. for keyboard and mouse operations for MRI software.
Warning!
Pre-discrimination on patients must be done
before MR examination. Inapplicable patients for
MR examine may be injured in scan room.
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Equipment Manual
Attention!
Grasp the grip brake at the end of
bedstead to pull the patient table out from
magnetic center quickly in emergency
48
Equipment Manual
Back: Press continuous move back or move back button, patient table move back automatically.
Stop: Press Stop button or release the move forward or move back button.
Press the SET key to tune on the cross cursor of positioning light, finely adjust the position of coil by
moving patient table under electric control to make cross cursor laps over the center of the coil or the
interesting part; press SET key again to turn off position light; push patient table to the center of magnet
while the display number decrease to zero, Now the center of coil or interesting part is in center of the
magnet.
It is forbidden to press two or more than two button at the same time, it would cause damage for patient
table.
It is forbidden to operate the two control panels at the two side of magnet shell.
Please do not switch the moving direction suddenly while operating the electric patient table, to avoid
damage.
3.4.5 Patients laying position
Lying on back or abdomen is available; Lying the head of patient in the both side of the patient table is also
available, incorrect patient table operate will lead to unexpected harm for patient.
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Equipment Manual
Please dont use too much strength when operating patient table, the moving speed of patient table
shouldnt be too quick. The table should slow down before approaching the limited positions of back or
front, right or left, to avoid sudden stop, which may frighten patients or damage patient table.
When patient goes to or leaves patient table, the patients center of gravity should lie upon the part of
bedplate which is within the bedstead supporting area, dont lie upon part of bedplate beyond bedstead
supporting area, or else, the bedplate may turn over.
When pulling or pushing patient table, operator should put hand on handle of bedstead or knob of
bedplate. Dont put your hands between bedstead and bedplate or the shell of magnet for fear of crash.
If patient doesnt lie on the table in correct position, the head, legs or other parts of patients body may
crash on magnet when the table is moving.
Patients clothes may be clipped. Operator should prompt and help patients to do with their clothes.
Long hair or plait of patient may be clipped by the gaps on the table. Patients with long hair or long plait
should wear one-off head cap.
After selecting and placing proper table cushions and coils, operator should lay one-off bed sheet on the
cushion for patient, and then let patient to lay on it. To avoid cross infection between patients, operator
should change the sheet after scan.
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Equipment Manual
The positioning light is a laser cross cursor with minimal power. To avoid laser beam irradiate patients
eyes, operator should prompt patient to close eyes and mustnt stare at laser beam when carrying out
positioning operation.
Warning!
Various gaps on the patient table is prone to clip
objects, such as finger, hair, clothes, etc
Warning!
When positioning operation, please prompt patient
to close eyes and mustnt stare at laser beam.
Warning!
Don't stand in danger zone when patient table is
moving.
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Equipment Manual
Let the patient wear one-off medical cap and lay on back on patient table, aligning head to center of lower
part of head coil, put head on cushion on lower part of head coil; align the interface of upper and lower parts
of head coil, hold two sides of the upper part of head coil with two hands and press it down tightly.
You can let patient move slightly to position the head on the center of the coil. Insert the plug of head coil
in the socket, and then move the patient table according to requirements in section 3.4 to perform center
locating.
Pull out patient table after scan, the operator holds and presses down the handle behind the coil with thumb
to divide the coil into two parts, and then let patient sit up.
Warning!
Please dont clip cushion or any part of patients
body when inserting the upper part of head coil
into the lower part.
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Equipment Manual
Pull out the patient table after scan, the operator should hold and press down handles in the two sides of
neck coil to separate the two parts, take away the upper part of neck coil and then let the patient sit up.
Warning!
Please dont clip cushion or sheet or any part of the
patients body when you insert the upper part into
lower part of neck coil
Warning!
You should align the two sides of the neck coil
when inserting (or separate) the upper part into
(from) the lower part and act on strength evenly at
the same time, or else, uneven strength may
damage coil interface.
Body coil is used in chest or abdomen scan. We provide various body coils with different sizes according
to scan parts and figures of patients. These body coils have the similar shape as shown in the following fig.
And the ways of operation are same.
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Equipment Manual
Lower Plate of Coil
Before using, place the lower plate of the coil on the patient table, and then lay well bed cushion and one-off
bed sheet, and then let patient lay on back on patient table, position the scanning part to the center of body
coil, Insert the upper part into the two sockets on the lower plate. Patient can put two arms either in or out of
body coil.
The lead of the body coil faces socket for coil. Insert the plug of body coil and move patient table according
to section 3.4 to perform center locating operation.
Pull out patient table after scan, operator should hold the two sides of upper part of body coil and pull it up
and then let the patient sit up.
Warning!
Please dont clip patients arms when you insert the
upper part of body coil into the lower plate!
Caution!
Please act on strength evenly with two hands at the
two sides of upper part of body coil when you insert
(depart) it into (from) the lower plate. Uneven
strength may damage the interface of the body coil.
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Equipment Manual
Warning!
knee
coil
and
up.
Warning!
Please dont clip cushion or sheet or part of patients
body when you insert the upper part to lower part of
knee coil!
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Equipment Manual
Pull out patient table after scan and then let the patient sit up.
Pull out the patient table after scan and then let patient sit up.
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Equipment Manual
The pins in plugs of each coil are deferent. Please pay attention to the direction of the plug when you insert
the plug to the coil socket. The two columnar pins (or two columnar holds) must align to columnar holes (or
column pins). Please dont insert incorrectly, or else it may damage the plug or socket, and cause bad
contact and debase the image quality.
4.1.1 Monitoring
Temperature
Scan
Room
Warning!
Scan room is the
external
environment
of
change
of
temperature of scan
influence
magnet.
The
temperature of magnet and impact the stability of central frequency. Fierce temperature change in scan
room will influence uniformity of the magnet. Further more, the magnet temperature control subsystem
cant work normally if the temperature of scan room is higher than 28 , so the operator should monitor
temperature of scan room before starting up the equipment. Please check the work status of air conditioner
in air conditioner room if the temperature in scan room is higher than 28 or lower than 20.
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Equipment Manual
The
stability
of
magnet
temperature is closely
stability
of
central
equipment.
This
the
Warning!
Power
value
related
to
the
frequency of the
If the change of average temperature (TP )is larger
than 0.4 , it may hazard the stability of the
equipment, and you should contact the MRI service
department of our company.
of
equipment
is
temperature
control unit is in
Supply
(APS),
temperature
is
displayed by digitron in the front panel of APS. There is a switch button in the front panel of APS: When
button TP pressed down, the digitron displays average temperature of magnet. In normal condition, the
average temperature is in a range of constant 0.1. When the display of temperature changes fiercely, the
magnet temperature control or display units will be in trouble, you should contact us for technical support in
time.
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Equipment Manual
high-heel shoes, and are forbidden to take water in unsealed containers into scan room, machine room, air
conditioner room and operating room.
table
can
move
back
and
be
repaired.
brake
control
easily.
should
panel.
by dry gauze.
You mustnt take water into scan room when maintaining patient table.
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Equipment Manual
Patient table maintenance should be carried out at least twice every week.
60
Equipment Manual
interface to remove the copper rust to get the best receiving effect. Cleanout of copper pins on coil interface
should be carried out at least one time every season.
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Equipment Manual
Chapter 5 Troubleshooting
The potential trouble in routine operations and corresponding resolutions are described in this chapter.
Trouble
Possible Cause
Neither
OFF/
Power
cut
Resolvent
in
external
system
or
Check
power
Remark
supply
STOP nor ON /
transmission
START indicator is
power supply.
1. ON indicator in the
Press
no electric power
indicator.
order.
electric
ON
Power on is controlled
by the five switches in
the
front
panel
Electric
of
voltage
regulator.
3. The power source plugs of
the
power
switches
should be on ON
position.
The
digitron
displaying position of
Figure
locating
of
is
laser
not
accurate.
source
guides rails;
Bad
connection
between
abnormal sound in
operation
62
of
units
Equipment Manual
The wheel of patient table
may be failed
Its hard to push or
Ditto;
Ditto;
Two
unevenly.
strength evenly.
of the table
to scan
on;
No signal
limit
hands
act
on
in
right-left direction
powered;
3. RF
amplifier
is
overloaded;
The
signal
of
connected well;
2. RF
amplifier
is
overloaded;
SNR is bad.
Clean
contract
the
receiving
points;
Retune
out
coil;
tuned well;
Image is saturated.
Gain
adjustment
is
not
normal.
Rescan;
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Equipment Manual
which indicates that the
hardware in the system
is failed.
Or software error.
Scanning
has
The
cable
between
and
main
spectrometer
well.
RINMR
and
main
on again.
Software
down
conflicts
proceeding
Locating is failed.
Software error
main
window
again, rescan.
The
system
cant
print films
Shut
down
main
are failed.
Images
have
no
encoding
1. Gradient amplifier
is
not powered;
Power
on
gradient
amplifier
2. Gradient amplifier is
overloaded.
There
are
ferromagnetic
Take
away
the
removable
ferromagnetic articles.
zips,
contraceptive
ring, etc.
Interface shows the
Software is in trouble
or spectrometer error,
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Equipment Manual
and the system cant
work normally
System halted
Software
or
operating
system is failed.
all
then
source optionally, or
system.
applications,
Caution!
If the trouble mentioned above cant be
resolved or other trouble occurs, please
inform service department of our company or
our agency in your region. Only service
engineers of our company or trained
maintenance men can repair the equipment
according to relative repair regulation.
Without
authorization,
operators
are
65
Equipment Manual
Chapter 6 Guidance and Manufacturers Declaration
IEC 60601-1-2
Warning!
Use of ACCESSORIES, transducers and cables
other than those specified may result in increased
EMISSION and/or decreased IMMUNITY of the
ASM-050P.
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Equipment Manual
67
Equipment Manual
3Vrms
150 kHz to 80 MHz
Radiated RF
IEC 61000-4-3
3V/m
80 MHz to 2,5 GHz
3Vrms
3V/m
d=1,17 x P
80 MHz to 800MHz
d=2,33 x P
800MHz to 2,5 GHz
Where P is the maximum output power
rating of the transmitter in watts (w)
according to the transmitter manufacturer
and d is the recommended separation
distance in metres (m). b
Field strengths from fixed RF
transmitters, as determined by an
electromagnetic site survey, a should be less
than the compliance level in each
frequency range. b
Interference may occur in the vicinity
of equipment marked with the following
symbol:
NOTE 1: At 80 MHz and 800 MHz, the higher frequency range applies.
NOTE 2: These guidelines may not apply in all situations. Electromagnetic propagation is affected by
absorption and reflection from structures, objects and people.
a
field strengths from fixed transmitters, such as base stations for radio (cellular/cordless) telephones and
land mobile radios, amateur radio, AM and FM radio broadcast and TV broadcast cannot be predicted
theoretically with accuracy. To assess the electromagnetic environment due to fixed RF transmitters, an
electromagnetic site survey should be considered. If the measured field strength in the location in which
the ASM-050P is used exceeds the applicable RF compliance level above, the ASM-050P should be
observed to verify normal operation. If abnormal performance is observed, additional measures may be
necessary, such as reorienting or relocating the ASM-050P.
b
Over the frequency range 150 kHz to 80 MHz, field strengths should be less than 3 V/m.
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Equipment Manual
Table 6-3 Electromagnetic Immunity (RF Radiated and conducted)
Recommended separation distances between portable and mobile RF communications
equipment and the ASM-050P
The ASM-050P is intended for use in an electromagnetic environment in which radiated RF disturbances
are controlled. The customer or the user of the ASM-050P can help prevent electromagnetic interference
by maintaining a minimum distance between portable and mobile RF communications equipment
(transmitters) and the ASM-050P as recommended below, according to the maximum output power of the
communication equipment.
Rated
maximum Separation distance according to frequency of transmitter
m
output power of 150 kHz to 80 MHz 80 MHz to 800 MHz 800 MHz to 2,5 GHz
transmitter
d = 1,17 x P
d = 1,17 x P
d = 2,33 x P
w
0,01
0,117
0,117
0,233
0,1
0,37
0,37
0,74
1
1,17
1,17
2,33
10
3,7
3,7
7,4
100
11,7
11,7
23,3
For transmitters rated at a maximum output power not listed above, the recommended separation distance
d in metres (m) can be determined using the equation applicable to the frequency of the transmitter, where
P is the maximum output power rating of the transmitter in watts (w) according to the transmitter
manufacturer.
NOTE: These guidelines may not apply in all situations. Electromagnetic propagation is affected by
absorption and reflection from structures, objects and people.
Table 6-4 - Recommended separation distances between portable and mobile RF communications
equipment and the ASM-050P
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Equipment Manual
Appendix A
External Sign
Shenzhen Anke
High-Tech Co., Ltd
Part Name
Serial Number
Power Supply Frequency
Power Voltage
Input Power
This system is a device whose power supply is mains power, the label above record its rated voltage, power
supply frequency, input power, etc..
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Equipment Manual
1. General
MRI magnet temperature control subsystem is used to control temperature of MRI magnet, to stabilize the
average temperature of magnet on a given level so as to stabilize the central frequency of MRI system.
Temperature control system (TCS) consists of temperature control and lighting two parts.
2. Panel Instruction
2.1 Front Panel
On the top of front panel, there is a temperature display window, which is used to display the
temperature of magnet channel. There is also a LED which lights if the temperature exceeds
In the middle part of front panel, there is a set of buttons, which is used to select the channel of
temperatures to be displayed: select TA to display temperature of the top part of magnet; select TB to
display temperature of the upper pole plate; select TC to display temperature of the lower pole plate;
select TD to display temperature of the bottom part of magnet; select Tave to display
average
temperature of the above four channels. It is recommended to select [Tave] in common condition. [Reset]
button is used to release the status in which all buttons are pressed down.
There are three LED indicators to display heating status: [Upper] indicator, [Lower] indicator and
[Working] indicator. [Upper] indicator and [Lower] indicator indicate the heating status of upper and
lower pole plates respectively: if the indicator is lighting, it indicates that the corresponding pole plate is
now heated. [Working] indicator indicates the working status of temperature control subsystem: if the
indicator is lighting, it indicates that the subsystem is heated normally; if the indicator is off, it indicates
that the subsystem is in abnormal status.
There is a small cover on the front panel, which is used by manufacturer to adjust some parameters.
Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd are the input ports of temperature sensing signals of corresponding channels from
magnet; Rp is input port of sensing signals from magnet temperature protection.
[Blanking] is the input port of control signal to enable or disenable the work of temperature control part.
[Heater1Heater2] are output ports of heating power (+48VDC) for upper and lower magnetic poles.
[Heating Switch] is used to enable or disenable the work of temperature control unit. It is always in
ON status in common condition to keep the control on magnet temperature.
3. System principle
Temperature control system (TCS) consists of temperature control board (TCB), drive board, RSP1000-48
switch power supply, mains transformer, mains filter, etc..
The tested points temperature would be tested and adjusted after through operational amplifier which signal
imported sensor RARBRCRD and RP form the socket on control board. And then send to display drive
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Equipment Manual
through SW switch.
We can get upside temperature and bottom temperature of magnet from amplifying the upside and bottom
sensor signal of magnet after weighting average. Then DIFF the temperature voltage and reference voltage to
get the error signal which can drive heating control signal of upside and bottom magnet.
The average temperature of whole magnet can be selected and sent to display.
If the VMOS can generate interference during switching, M1, M2 can be force to cut off by BLANKING
signal while scanning. AC input power supply of switch power supply is controlled by relay.
Normally, protect signal RP is transmit to comparator, output a low level signal from STOP, that NORMAL
indicator is lighted on indicate temperature in normal condition, and power on relay to connect to switch
power supply. When it is over heat, there is a high level signal from STOP, buzzing alarm and over heat
indicator is on. Switch power supply is cut off. When the temperature is so low, there is also buzzing alarm,
but switch power supply is still connected to heat. Low temperature alarm can be cut off by short post JS.
Signal flowing fig. of this system is shown as below:
PE
RVV 3X1mm**2
SMPS
FUSE F3A/250V
SP-500-48
N
DC48V
Connector
SW
R19
RL2
G2R-1-12VDC
4
VCC
FUSE
1
2
USL 125mA/AC250V
R3-11
Q3
EMI
FILTER
DL-2D1
Rt
FUSE F1A/250V
1
5
6
3
FUSE F1A/250V
CONTROL
HEATING BOARD
BOARD
FUSE F1A/250V
7
T
TRNSFMR
Optocoupler
4. Specifications
4.1 Environment
Shielding room temperature: 1626, less than 2/h Change Rate
Input voltage: 220ACV
Power supply Frequency: 50MHz
72
Q4
Equipment Manual
Input power: 1500VA
4.2 Heating Power: <500W
4.3 Stability of Magnet Average Temperature: <0.1
4.4 Stability of Magnet Center Field:
10PPM/10MIN for short term
50PPM/WEEK for long term
4.5 Temperature Display
Four channels sensor temperature and magnet average temperature are available to choose.
Temperature available display range: 0~40
Temperature precision: 0.2
4.6 Fuse
Fuse of USL125125mA/250V is used in this system.
5. Operating Instruction
5.1 Lighting Part
Lighting subsystem uses DC power supply (+36Vswitch power). The ON or OFF of DC power supply are
controlled by [Light Power] on the front panel.
5.2 Temperature Control Part
Normal Working Condition
After commissioning of this system, the temperature control subsystem should be in continuous working
status, you must never turn off the temperature control power supply. Generally speaking, you should
select [Tave], or itinerantly display temperatures of every channel.
Abnormal Working Condition
Lower Limit Temperature Alarm: The APS will make alarm sound if the average temperature is
lower than 25,butitcan continue heatnorm ally.If the subsystem is re-started up (for example because
of power cut), the alarm will be released when the temperature rises up to above 25.
Upper Limit Temperature Alarm: the APS will make alarm sound if the average temperature is more than
upper limit (42 generally). The [Working] indicator is off, the subsystem stops heating. The temperature
exceeding indicator on the front panel is on, which indicates that the subsystem is in critical failure status.
You should immediately turn off the heating power supply in the back panel
6. Maintenance
All user maintenance must be done by appropriately trained personnel. Individual components of MRI
system contain no user-serviceable parts. Maintenance by untrained personnel may present an electric shock
hazard. See chapter 4 of equipment maintenance guide for further information.
7. Electromagnetic interference
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Equipment Manual
Using this system may disturb electronic equipment nearby, or maybe the running of electronic equipment
nearby can disturb this systems running. Keep a appropriate distance from other electronic equipment
while running this system, in case there is still disturbance, please contact the manufactory.
8. Environmental protection
This system is electrical product that would bring harm to human and environment if it is disposed of as
domestic garbage at the end of usage period. It must be delivered to recycling center which is appointed to
handle these products. Please contact local government, domestic garbage disposal, its agent or manufactory
for more information of garbage disposal, recovery, recycling station for this kind of electrical product.
Appendix B
74
Equipment Manual
Guide for Ankle Joint Supporter
1. Structure of Ankle Joint Supporter
Locating Plate for Ankle
Joint Supporter
Foot Pedal
Angle Mark
Ankle Coil
Knob
Rotation Axis
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Equipment Manual
2 Place the ankle joint supporter on the proper position according the difference of scanning right or
left ankle joint;
3 Place the ankle coil on the soleplate of the supporter, the end face tightly sticking on the rotation
axis;
4 Let the patient lay on the patient table, put the foot to be scanned on the foot pedal of the supporter
and sticking on the pedal tightly;
5 Turn the foot pedal clockwise (anticlockwise) to the limiting position (the limiting position refers
to the position that if you continue to turn the pedal in the same direction, the patient will feel that
his foot cant stick on the pedal tightly any longer).
6 To scan the first group of images on this limiting position: on APEX interface, tune coil, determine
scan slices, sequence and parameters;
7 Press [Scan] button to scan;
8 When finishing scan, turn the pedal a certain angle (6or 5is recommended) in the reverse
direction, then scan the next group images;
9 Repeat step 7 -8 to get a series of images, till the pedal reach the other limiting position;
Notice:
1 The patients cooperation is extremely important to get satisfying motion analyzing images. You
shall prompt the patient to stick the foot sole on the pedal tightly and keep still when scanning;
2 2. The moving toward the right and left direction can seriously influences the quality of images
and continuity of motion playback. It recommended putting the patients foot against the same
capped edge of foot pedal in the whole process of scan
76