Normal Lab Values

Na+
K+

Cl-

BUN

CO2

Cr

LABS
Sodium
Potassium
Chloride
Bicarb
BUN
Creatinine
Glucose (fasting)
HbA1c
Calcium
Phosphorus
Magnesium
Hematology
Hct (men)
Hct (women)
Hgb (men)
Hgb(women)
MCV
MCH
MCHC
Platelet Count
RBC (men)
RBC (women)
WBC
ARTERIAL BLOOD
pH
pCO2
pO2
HCO3

Glucose

Hgb

WBC

Plt

Name

Type

Function

Assessment

I. Olfactory

Sensory

Smell

Ask clients to identify different odors

using one nostril at
a time

II. Optic

Sensory

Vision and visual fields

Use Snellen chart

to check visual
acuity; conduct
an opthalmoscope
examination

III. Occulomotor

Motor
Parasympathetic

Extrinsic eye movements

Pupillary constriction
and visual focusing

Assess six cardinal

ocular movements
test pupillary reaction to light; test
convergence

IV. Trochlear

Motor

Downward and lateral

eye movements

Assess six cardinal

ocular movements

V. Trigeminal

Sensory

Facial sensation, mastication, anterior tongue

and teeth

Test corneal reflex

Test sensitivity to
pain, touch, warm
and cool temperatures
Ask client to clench
teeth and palpate
muscles, h ave client bite down

VI. Abducens

Motor

Lateral eye movements

Look left and right

VII. Facial

Motor
Sensory

Facial expression
Taste in the anterior
tongue

Smile, frown, puff

cheeks, and close
eyes; raise and
lower eyebrows;
check for symmetry

VIII.
Vestibulocochlear

Sensory

Hearing and equilibirum

Administer hearing
acuity tests, Weber
and Rinne tests

IX. Glossopharyngeal

Motor
Sensory

Swallowing ability and

gag reflex
Taste in the posterior
tongue

Test gag reflex, test

swallowing, confirm
rise and fall of soft
palate and midline
uvula.
Ask client to identify
samples in back of
tongue

X. Vagus

Motor
Sensory

Sensation of external
ear, pharynx, and larynx; swallowing; vocal
cord movement

Test gag reflex; assess clients speech

XI. Accessory

Motor

Head movement,
shoulder shrugging

Push down on shoulders as client tries

to shrug; ask client
to turn head against
resistance

XII. Hypoglossal

Motor

Protrusion of tongue,
tongue movement

Have client protrude

tongue and move it
side to side

Hct

135-145 mEq/L
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
95-105 mEq/L
22-30 mEq/L
5-25 mg/dl
0.5-1.5 mg/dl
70-110 mg/dl
4-6%
9.0-11 mg/dl
2.5-4.5 mg/dl
1.8-3.0 mg/dl
40.50%
36-46%
13.-17.5 g/dl
12-16 g/dl
80-100 um3
26-34 pg
31-37 g/dl
150-400 x 103/mm3
4.6-6.0 x 106/mm3
4.0-5.0 x 106/mm3
4.5-10.0 103/mm3
GAS
7.35-7.45
35-45 mmHg
70-100 mmHg
19-25 mmHg

Insulin
Types of
Insulin

Examples

Onset of
Action

Peak of
Action

Duration
of Action

Rapid Acting

Humalog
(lispro)
Novolog
(aspart)

15 min

30-90
min

3-5 hours

Short-acting
(regular)

Humulin R
Novolin R

30-60
min

50-120
min

5-8 hours

Intermediate
acting
(NPH)

Humulin N
Novolin N
Humulin L
Novolin L

1-3 hours
1-2.5
hours

8 hours

20 hours

7-15
hours

18-24
hours

Lantus
(glargine)

1 hour

Long-acting

Cranial Nerves (CN)

15 min

Injections
Intramuscular

Subcutaneous

Intradermal

90

45

15o

none

24 hours