1.Mass m is left to fall from height h.

Plot Kinetic energy of

the mass versus :
a)its velocity,
b)its falling time,
c)its distance from the starting point(consider gravity
acceleration g constant).
Answer to Question 1 :

It is Ekin = mu/2 which refers to the mathematical function f(x)=ax 2

It is Ekin=mg2t2/2 because u=gt. It refers to same mathematical function as

above.

It is Ekin = mgh because h=gt2/2. It refers to the mathematical function f(x)=ax.

2.With the help of an horizontal rope of insignificant mass, a

man glides a box over an horizontal level,which glides with
friction and accelerates.How energies are distributed in this
example and how these energies are expressed through the
help of work?
Answer to Question 2 :

WF=F*S>0
from the

Through this work energy is transferred to the mass

human being for displacement S.

WFRICTION = -Ffriction*S <0 .

the
the energy that
F)

Through this work energy is lost and emitted to

environment as heat.(this heat is part of
transferred to the mass through

WSF = SF*S = (F-Ffriction)*S.

Through this work
is changing.

This is the work of the sum of the forces.

the kinetic energy of the mass

WB = WN = 0.
vertical to

The work of these forces its zero cause they are

displacement.

WF' = -F'*S<0
human being.

Through this work energy is consumed from the

3.How much work will be produced when an artificial earths'

satellite with cyclic trajectory ,executes
a)full rotation,
b)1/4 of a full rotation?
Answer to Question 3 :
For both cases applies the following : The gravitational force which is
responsible for the cyclic trajectory of the satellite is constantly vertical to the
primary displacements which compose the
cyclic trajectory and so the work produced is equal to zero.

4.A helicopter is staying on air without moving at a height

over the ground. Can we accept in an absolute manner that
the forces which are applied on it do not produce any work?
Answer to Question 4 :
System of reference the ground. The forces that applied to the helicopter do
not displace the helicopter so they do not produce any work. The only force
which produces work is the helix
which pushes aerial masses downwards. The force which neutralizes the
weight of the helicopter
is the reaction of the aerial masses to the helix.

5.Mass m is inside train which moves with constant velocity

u versus the ground. Over the mass is applied force F with
direction the direction of the train for time t.If we accept
that only F is applied on mass in the direction of its
movement prove that F produces work which is equal to the
changing kinetic energy of the mass for an observer : a) on
train , b)on ground.
Answer to question 5 :
Case 1: Observer inside train

The initial velocity of the mass from the observers' point of view is zero.
WF = Fs=mas
(1)
Start
Ekin = 0
Ekinfinal = mu2/2 = ma2t2/2 = mas cause t2 = 2s/a. So finally :
Ekin = mas (2)
From relationships (1) & (2) : Ekin = WF

Case 2 : Observer outside the train :

The initial velocity of the mass is the velocity of the train u. The mass
executes a complex movement. The normal of train and the accelerated
because of the force. So its final velocity is
v=u+at. The displacement is s = s1+s2 = ut + at2/2.
WF = Fs = ma(ut + at2/2) = maut + ma2t2/2
(1)
Start
2
Ekin = mu /2
Ekinfinal = mv2/2 = m(u+at)2/2 = mu2/2 + mv2/2 + muv . So finally :
Ekin = Ekinfinal - EkinStart = maut + ma2t2/2
(2)
From relationships (1) & (2) : Ekin = WF

6.Consider an homogeneous cylinder of radius R which is

sunk vertically inside a liquid of density p. How can we
calculate the work of flotation A of the cylinder depending
on the length x of the cylinders' sinking part?(l is the height
of the cylinder and g is the acceleration gravity).
Answer to question 6 :
Case 1 : Sinking

The floatation force A is given by the type : A = SG*Vsunk = SG * R 2 * x

where
SG is the specific gravity of the fluid so finally : A = pgR2x .
If x = 0 then A = 0 ,
If x = l then A = pgR2l .
We construct the plot of A vs x which is shown below :

The grid area represents the Work of floatation so :

|WA| = pgR2l2/2 and because WA<0 finally WA = - pgR2l2/2.

Case 2 : Back to surface

With the same procedure as case in we conclude that : A = pgR2(l-x).

If x = 0 then A = pgR2l ,
If x = l then A = 0 .
We construct the plot of A vs x which is shown below :
The grid area represents the Work of floatation so :

|WA| = pgR2l2/2 and because WA>0 finally WA = pgR2l2/2.

7.An athlet trains with two springs A and B which have

constants Ka and Kb accordingly,Ka>Kb and they both have
the same natural length.The athlet extends the springs with
two ways:a)connected in series,b)connected in parallel.In
every case find in which of the two springs more Dynamic
energy is stored.
Answer to question 7 :
Case Springs connected in series

F1 = Ka * x
This is the force that Ka applies on the wall
and to the other
spring Kb.
F2 = Kb * y
This is the force that Kb applies to the athlete
and to the other
spring Ka expanding it.
F = F2
(action reaction).
F1 = F2
(action-reaction between the springs)
The above equation leads to x/y=Kb/Ka which means x<y .
(1)
A
2
Edyn = kax /2 = Fx/2
EdynB = kby2/2 = Fy/2
so we have EdynA /EdynB = x/y which in turn is Edyn A/EdynB<1 and finally
EdynA <EdynB

Case Springs connected in parallel :

EdynA = kax2/2
EdynB = kbx2/2
and because Ka>Kb is finally

EdynA >EdynB

8.Prove that if only conservative forces are applied on mass,

then on a closed route Ekin_final=Ekin_start.
Answer to question 8 :
From the Work-Energy Theorem we have :
Ekinstart + SWF = Ekinfinal but
SWF=0 because on closed route only conservative forces are applied. So
Ekinstart = Ekinfinal .

9.A mass is moving from point A to point C under the

aplliance of a conservative force. Prove that the work of this
force is indepedent from the route the mass follows.
Tip : In a route ABC the work of a conservative force Wabc is
equal to -Wcba which means Wabc = -Wcba.
Answer to question 9 :

Its
ALWAYS
WABC + WCEA = 0 (1) & WADC + WCEA = 0 (2)
because there are only conservative forces on a closed route.
(1) (2) WABC = WADC