HYDRODYNAMIC ANALYSIS

TRAINING
YUNI ARI WIBOWO

PRINSIP HIDRODINAMIKA
Pemodelan
medan aliran

Perhitungan
kecepatan
aliran

Menghitung besarnya beban

fluida air laut dari gelombang
dan/atau arus yang bekerja
pada struktur

2
Prinsip
Hidrodinamika

Perhitungan
tekanan yang
timbul

Gaya &
Momen aksi
fluida

MEDAN ALIRAN
Uniform

Source

Sink

Vortex

MEDAN ALIRAN KOMBINASI

Uniform + Source Flow

Superposition flow

Medan Aliran Fluida pada Struktur

Strip Theory 2D
(+) Input mudah
(+) Simpel
(+) Waktu running singkat
(-) Model kurang detail

3D Diffraction Theory (panel method)

(+) Model detail
(+) Lebih akurat

(-) Input susah

(-) Waktu running lama

PERSAMAAN GERAK

Gaya Inersia
Gaya inersia Finersia = m
Translasional mass, added mass & COG
Rotational mass, added mass & Radius of Gyration (I = M x R2)
Added mass arah gerak vessel arah datang gelombang

Gaya Redaman
Gaya redaman Fredaman = C
Faktor redaman, Cf = C/Cc

Cc = 2 ( + )
Redaman C biasanya ditentukan

Gaya Pengembali
Gaya pengembali Fpengembali = k
Hydrostatic stiffness gerakan ke arah vertikal
Heave (33)
: x g x WPA
Heave-pitch (35)
: x g x WPA x (LCF LCB)
Roll (44)
: x g x V x GMT
Pitch (55)
: x g x V x GML

FREKUENSI NATURAL
Frekuensi natural terjadinya resonansi (dengan frekuensi gelombang)
=

= frekuensi natural
= kekakuan gerakan
= massa struktur
= massa tambah gerakan

GAYA EKSITASI
Gaya eksitasi gaya gelombang 1st order
F = cos()
Gaya eksitasi = gaya tekanan dinamis + gaya percepatan partikel
gelombang

RESPONSE AMPLITUDE OPERATOR (RAO)

RAO karakteristik gerakan

F
K
w
wn
Cc

= gaya eksitasi
= kekakuan
= frekuensi gelombang
= frekuansi natural
= redaman kritis

Periode gelombang 3s 20s

F0 z / K z
2

2
w 2
w
1 2Cc
wn
wn

Respon Struktur
Respon struktur Respon spektra
Respon spektra = RAO2 x Spektra gelombang
Puncak RAO pada frekuensi gelombang = Puncak energi gelombang
(dalam spektra gelombang) Resonansi (magnifikasi)
Respon struktur nilai-nilai stokastik :
s
av

max

= Amplitudo signifikan (2,00 0 )

= Rata-rata amplitudo (1,25 0)

= Amplitudo ekstrim ( = 0

2 ln

602
2

2
0

Fenomena 2nd Order

Large moored tankers Low frequency resonance associated with
slowly varying wave drift force
Signifikasi pengaruh 2nd order kedalaman + mooring
Combination of large mass + small spring forces (slack mooring)
=

small

large

Very small
Associated with

Drift force / low frequency

Resonance

Evidence of 2nd order loads

Consider the case where
= 1 cos 1 + 2 cos 2

2 =

21

2
21
2

22

Mean components

Rapidly varying components

cos 21 +

22
2

cos 22

+1 2 cos[(1 -2 )] + 1 2 cos[(1 +2 )]
Slowly varying components

NON-LINEARwaveloadeffect
Mean wave drift force determine the equilibrium position of the
moored system (together with wind and current). They are important
for the design of mooring lines
Slowly varying wave drift force the force have frequencies much
slower than the wave elevation frequency. These can excite resonant
modes in the horizontal position of the moored vessel.
Rapidly varying wave drift force these force have frequency
components which are higher than the wave elevation frequency.

LOADS IMPACT TO THE SYSTEM

LOADS IMPACT TO THE SYSTEM

SUMMARY
Hydrodynamic analysis needs :
Surface model
Mass (displacement)/draft, COG, RG
Heading of propagated waves

Mooring analysis needs :

RAO (Response Amplitude Operator)/Transfer Function
Added mass & damping matrix
Mean wave drift force (mean drift force + slowly varying force) QTF (Quadratic
Transfer Function)
Excitation force (Panel force)
Wave spectra (include : Hs & T), Current & Wind load
Mooring layout
Mooring equipment

THANK YOU