-.- 'B:Z:': .

I'u t<'r, i l\ltbr:m

(,1'If.( : ics)
(::.(L IHt'C" 110' I

Q1. Read the follow:lg stat~J(eft~ n 'eftl'l) and .:001; 1.:rt JIl th{ ~hHle using
thennodynamic r~asening (m:;.v~l WilY ir one OJ t.v.) )vTtfn::es)
l..
vCiuP-Jo
, (a) L\U=Ofor any isotheo:ul ;roceB tal in!; pl(c~ if :b~ ( hy:;tl~m. p~ (~dv)
(b) Heat absorbedle'lolvd if,ahv;l~')eqlllllo en'halr.; cila,~e for a constant pressure
process. Ci='a..O.4t-
:...J.. ~..iJ. '1'1D ~
(c) "pyY =constant" isYpplic.lbh: h' al::'Hdiab,::.Lc v,)Ces~ involving ideal gas.
(d) q = 0 for all isothennai processe,soc.:uning in a (;,os;~c'sy~,tem.tpalAL.
~ (AV/-)
(e) Entropy of a system at consta.1'J.t
H a It!p always i:nc:a5~s duillg a spontaneous
A;cf8 ,<;;qq
7
change..~ ~ 'YW~. ~.CTh.aJl)
. ,-! (0 qsurrmight vary when a sr:;tem eha ~e~frorn~:.t"te1 to state 2 reversibly or
irreversibly. 'F~
(g) Ydp has dimension oc:'er I:r~y ~
2 (h) The Gibb's energy of I lWJleof ic~ u ot ,U1J1 ,ltm is less than the Gibb's energy of
,9 . 1moleof water at ot aJ1~.l,ltlJ ~~ (J..l-~ hi ..e..qu.a1)
(i) Change in the efltropy o~'~,urr:)Jrdi g i: grc~1tI:rth;'n chim,~e io lhe entropy ofthe
~~ system for '1.'1adiabatic ~]>:)JltlJl~)1 )r~Jceu'Fa16e. 5¥ '/0 .
~ 5'-0+ '>D (.tPspont-)
G) Total work don.; in a CUI.)t cy:k is :~e:o. 'Pa..lAt.. (NOkJ(;..i.l. rnoi s+o;t,(. ~'6"J»
(k) The entropy of [he ~;m 0 .Ile illp inc r ~a~es U (11( ~ )1 h ~ '01 C po ::ess. ~

.tt (2) On a cold, dry morning aft~l , ;)( ~c.t u tem'eret J ~ \-\8; -SoC :LJldthe partial pressure

~
U£P ' '.water in atmospher~ fell t) 0.3 k:Pa. ' i il the f"(o~tst;bli;r ;~?Vir at partial pressure of
<f,j}.
.
.
water would enS1lfethat ..1'~: n t leI aL ~. , he.' 1))(r : 'e5:1 rc 0 ~ ice at -5 C 0.4 kPa).
, ,

(3) Combine th~ barom<;:ti; L Dnl a for 1he dependchCe. ofthe pre:;~;ureon altitude with
Clausius-Clapeyron equa jC)Il arulpr ~dicl how thE t Olll'rg ten:pp,ntnre of a liquid
depends on altitude ;md thf.:;mlhit~I!'liemped'ltufl~. fV(r Uk neall :L11bienttemperature as
20 C and predict tht: boj!in~ p)in of wat ~r,It 3C1)1)'J

t4J~H of vaporization of wal~r i:; 339.4 .;el/g ilt flc'{lnn,l boijr.g point. (a) Many
bacteria can survive at ] COcc t.y f:.rnli l~ ;pore ;. f ( 1.;{(.t.toda"(:~ used to sterlize

120°C. ' &M: 1A9fud; fb'a& UXQ.. ~. botL

medicaland laboratoryir.scr.m::r.t;are pre~sUli!edt: r..ais~th,::bc.ilng point of water to
at- 12.0..

(5) On the sea bottom at the Gafapsgs Rif, v,!:!terul:{d to ~50 DCgushes out of
hydrothennal vents at a dep'!J cf 3 :CCM. will this>) 31e:'):,iJ or H:raain liquid at this
depth? The vapor pressure 1)1\,rctl~:'i:, 163 1tm at 35r) ~c~.

(6) Calculate (i) The ma\(lll.nt '~:rk, Jd (ii) :h~minimum nOlh~x:pansionwork that can
be obtained frcn the fret zir ;~cf S1Jp~,C: okd waUr c!t -~ (C anc Hm. The densities of
"

\ water and ice are 0 999 g cn -3a leiO.~ 7:! cn (, r{~').:Cti ,r;1y at .j °c. The difference in
heat capacity cn melting i::.I:'.:; .fl:-'rl r' and I'n:hi!~y 0 ~ ~m.i<'n,~ 6.01 kJ morl:

(t)J-,CQJoA~~ua1 ~ ~~ ~foi~t~
~~' .--0\
 b.fO ~ .~~.~ ..;MV1

~-b ""m ~
~lf;: ~6s Rg CsJ ,c.:
( -T~ ~ ?,~g '-7'£°8 'CJ;.~C:
q J

~- p:tl6'T
!Y _'0 -- -
¥Jt ~ ) ~
j ~
r.' .
'TY'
0
~
,.:,...~,~ } (.l~
I fj"ili.S-=(cd/uD
~ 0

. 'IlfO Jo Y)'1)UJ >&lJ

jQ W =0 \.<.V -r- T ).(' H q- == ~
.
.1.;tf
.,(Lf1v L
~..~
C;~.M.. -t -, T ~.
~.
T~
- ~-
...
;d VV

-- (17)

r;
~/)dL==~
7'- ()t.1-_~T ) ~:\.-I~
L"'- HQ1y=-
.

= zd
. <tunf- ~ ~u = /L
4:.1.. ':L.\ ~ ~
'"
\T-\~~ =tJUO ~ ~=~4= ~~ =Ws
@ih)? od==d<1:
. tJ
~ 'o:n W(d \f"P~- #$ ~ :::

ncl(;-=-~ =
WiliTI-O k ..~~ '\(P~-~cfpA ~

Q::~~+-fi5-qtJA (£)
~
.~~~~~ -.L cfp/\ -HP <
/\1Jd - Op < SP..L
Q< .L
~-SP
( -u) Q <. ~"I p--;j::!m"l'SP ( 'd)