Assignment No.

1
Analysis of rainfall data (Double mass curve technique/Missing rainfall data).
1. Explain how you will calculate missing rainfall data at station.
2. What are the WHO recommendations for density of rain gauge network? Based on this
what are the recommendations by Indian Standard (IS: 8389-1983)?
3. Explain with procedure and example the double mass curve technique.
4. The annual rainfall data, being reported from a station A, for 22 years are available, since
1969. In order to check the consistency of this data, six neighboring stations have been
chosen and the annual rainfall values of these stations have been averaged for all the
years on record since 1969. These values are given below
Year
Yearly precipitation at
6 station average yearly
station A in cm
precipitation in cm
1969
177
143
1970
144
132
1971
178
146
1972
162
147
1973
194
161
1974
168
155
1975
196
152
1976
144
117
1977
160
128
1978
196
193
1979
141
156
1980
158
164
1981
145
155
1982
132
143
1983
95
115
1984
148
135
1985
142
163
1986
140
135
1987
130
143
1988
137
130
1989
130
146
1990
163
161
(a) Find out if any inconsistency in precipitation record of station A is indicated? And if
yes, since when a change in precipitation regime id indicated?
(b) Adjust the recorded data at station A and determine its mean annual precipitation.
5. Precipitation station X was inoperative for part of a month during which a storm
occurred. The respective storms totals at three surrounding stations A, B and C were 107,
89 and 122 mm. The normal annual precipitation amounts of stations A, B and C are
respectively 978, 1120, 935 and 1200 mm. Estimate the storm precipitation for station X.
6. The rain gauge station X did not function for a part of month during which a storm
occurred. The storm produced rainfalls of 84, 70 and 96 mm at three surrounding stations

A, b and C respectively. The normal annual rainfalls at the stations X, A, B and C

respectively 770, 882, 736 and 944 mm. Estimate the missing storm at station X.
7. The normal annual precipitation of five rain gauge stations P, Q, R, S and T are
respectively 125, 102, 76, 113 and 137 cm. During a particular storm the precipitation
recorded by stations P, Q, R and S are 13.2, 9.2, 6.8 and 10.2 respectively. The instrument
at station T was inoperative during the storm. Estimate the rainfall at station T during that
storm by normal ratio method.

Assignment No. 2

Marking catchment area on a topo-sheet and working out average annual precipitation and
determining yield by various methods
.
1. Define precipitation. State any six forms of precipitation
2. State different types of precipitation. Explain cyclonic & orographic precipitation
3. Explain different types of rain gauges with neat sketches
4. Describe principle of rainfall measurement using RADAR with neat sketch, also state its
advantages over other rain gauges.
5. The isohyetal map for 24 hours storm gave the area enclosed between different isohyets
as follows.
Isohyets 21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
in mm
Enclosed 543 1345 2030 2545 2955 3280 3535 3710 3880 3915
area in
sq.km.
Determine the average depth of rainfall over the basin
6. The area as shown in figure is composed of a square plus an equilateral triangle plot of
side 10 km. the annual precipitation at the rain gauge stations located at the four corners
and center of the square plot and apex of the triangular plot are indicated in figure. Find
the mean precipitation over the area by Thiessen polygon method and compare with the
arithmetic mean.
(46 cm) A

B (65

cm)
(60 cm) F
E (70cm)

D (80 cm)

C (76

cm)

7. Toposheet is giving data regarding point rainfall at different stations. Compare the
average rainfall over catcment area by different methods
Station No.
1
2
3
4
5

Rainfall in mm
529.5
556.0
578.5
545.9
529.8