Mock 2013 7 SolutionP PDF

Mock Test Series 2013
Civil Services Examination 2013

Target 2013
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x
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Mock Test 7/15
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peoples with one another; and (d) encourage settlement

of international disputes by arbitration

Part XI:
253.
Legislation
for
giving
effect
to
international
agreements.

Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of
Answer:
this Chapter, Parliament has power to make any law for
Explanation:
the whole or any part of the territory of India for
Henry Louis Vivian Derozio was an Indian poet and

assistant headmaster of Hindu College, Kolkata, a radical
thinker and one of the first Indian educators to
disseminate Western learning and science among the
young men of Bengal.
In 1828, Raja Ram Mohan Roy
implementing any treaty, agreement or convention with

any other country or countries or any decision made at
any international conference, association or other body.
Seventh Schedule:
The International relations as a Union Subject.
established the Brahmo Samaj, which kept Hindu ideals

but denied idolatry. This resulted in a backlash within
orthodox Hindu society. It is in the perspective of these

changes that Derozio was appointed at Hindu college,

where he helped released the ideas for social change

already in the air. At 17 years of age,he was considered a
great scholar and a thinker. Within a short period of

time, he drew around him a group of intelligent boys in

college. He constantly encouraged them to think freely,

to question and not to accept anything blindly. His

teachings inspired the development of the spirit of

liberty, equality and freedom. His activities brought

about intellectual revolution in Bengal. It was called the
Answer:
Young Bengal Movement and his students, also known as
Explanation:
Derozians, were fiery patriots. (From Wikipedia)
Forest and Tree Cover of the country as per the latest

assessment is 78.29 m ha, which is 23.81% of the
geographical area. Th is includes 2.76% of tree cover.

There is a decrease of 367 km2 in the forest cover in

679 km2 respectively has been reported as compared to

the previous assessment. There is a net decline of 549

comparison to 2009 assessment. In hill and tribal districts

of the country, a decrease in forest cover of 548 km2 and
km2 in forest cover as compared to the previous

assessment. Mangrove cover has increased by 23.34 km
during the same period. The total bamboo bearing area
in the country is estimated to be 13.96 m ha. The total

carbon stock in the country's forests is estimated to be

6663 m tonnes. (State of Forest Report 2011)
Answer:

Explanation:

Directive Principles:

Article 51 (Directive Principles of State Policy): The State

shall endeavour to (a) promote international peace and

security; (b) maintain just and honourable relations

between nations; (c) foster respect for international law
and treaty obligations in the dealings of organized

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Explanation:

The concept of residence is central to BoP compilation

as it is a statistical statement showing all economic

transactions between residents of one economy and

those of the rest of the world (non-residents). In
Answer:
compiling BoP, it is, therefore, necessary to determine
Explanation:
the economic entities which are residents of an economy
Adaptations in Mangroves
and those which are non-residents
Mangroves are salt tolerant plant communities which are

circumtropical in distribution and are found along the
tropical and sub-tropical intertidal regions of the world

rainfall and have

temperatures ranging between 26c and 35c. They

exhibit a number of morphological and physiological

adaptations in order to survive in such a harsh physical

between 24 N to 38 S. These areas, on an average,

receive
1,000
mm
- 3,000
mm
environment on account of lack of oxygen, high salinity

and frequent tidal inundation. These adaptations include

presence of fleshy leaves, breathing roots called as

'pneumatophores',

buttress
formation,
stilt
roots,
'vivipary', sunken stomata, and increased concentration
Answer:
of salt in the cells etc.

Answer:

Explanation:

SPS Agreement
The Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and
Phytosanitary Measures - also
known
as the
SPS

Agreement is an international treaty of the World Trade
Answer:
Organization. It was negotiated during the Uruguay
Explanation:
Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade,
Kindly note that the Inland Waterways Authority of India
and entered into force with the establishment of the
(IWAI) was created by Indian Government on 27 October
WTO at the beginning of 1995. Under the SPS agreement,
1986
the WTO sets constraints on member-states' policies
Waterways for shipping and navigation. The Authority
relating
contaminants,
primarily undertakes projects for development and
pesticides, inspection and labelling) as well as animal and
maintenance of Inland Waterway Terminal infrastructure
plant health (phytosanitation) with respect to imported
on National Waterways through grant received from
pests and diseases. The SPS agreement is closely linked to
Ministry of Shipping, Road Transport and Highways. The
the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade, which was
head office is at Noida. The National waterways are
signed in the same year and has similar goals.
created by legislation and currently a legislation is

pending which you can read about at the following link:
http://www.prsindia.org/uploads/media/National%20Wa

terway/National%20Waterway%20(Lakhipur-
to
food
safety
(bacterial

Answer:
for
development
and
regulation
of
Inland
Banga%20Stretch)%20bill.pdf


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Answer:
Explanation:

First statement is basic and incorrect. Oceans have a

lower albedo than deserts, this is a correct statement.

The tropical Rainforests have a low Albedo and as such,

more solar radiation is absorbed. A percentage in the
region of 5-15% is estimated as the albedo for tropical

forests. With deforestation, the albedo decreases further

and studies have shown that the temperature of a

deforested area actually increases by 5F over a year. An

increase in surface temperature will lead to warm air

which will rise, leading to low, cooler pressure areas.
Answer:

Explanation:
Kindly read the following document:

http://bit.ly/10tdT9V

Answer:

Answer:

Explanation:
Answer:
UNESCO Kalinga Prize is given for the popularization of
Explanation:
science. Both India and Brazil have the honour of making
The thickness of the ozone layerthat is, the total
this
amount of ozone in a column overheadvaries by a large
inception in 1952. Ever since its inception till date, the
factor worldwide, being in general smaller near the
Kalinga Prize has been conferred to 65 personalities
equator and larger towards the poles. It also varies with
(including seven Nobelists) from 24 countries. Just three
season, being in general thicker during the spring and
countries, viz. UK (10 awardees), USA (8) and France (6)
thinner during the autumn in the northern hemisphere.
have won more number of times than India and Brazil.
The reasons for this latitude and seasonal dependence
The list of five Indians in the coveted list includes Jagjit
are
Singh (1963), Narender K. Sehgal (1991 with Radu Iftimovici
complicated,
involving
atmospheric
circulation
international distinction five times since its
patterns as well as solar intensity.
of Romania), Jayant V. Narlikar (1996 with Jir Grygar of

Czech Republic), Dorairajan Balasubramanian (1997) and
Yash Pal (2009 with Trinh Xuan Thuan of Vietnam).


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Answer:
Answer:
Explanation:

Kindly read about Global System of Trade Preferences

(GSTP) at wikipedia.

Answer:
Explanation:
All the statements are correct in this question.

Answer:
Explanation:
In India, Nitrogen applications tend to be too high in
relation to the amount of potassium and phosphate used.

This is partly the result of price differentials, and partly

due to lack of knowledge among farmers about

the need for balanced fertilizer use. The consequence is

Answer:
soil nutrient depletion, which is a major cause of the

stagnation of rice yields. A related serious problem
emerging
out
of the use of
fertilizers is
nitrate
Explanation:
contamination of groundwater from heavy nitrogen
Baratang contains the only known examples of mud
applications in rice and wheat crops. Nitrate cannot be
volcanoes in India. These mud volcanoes have erupted
removed once it has entered the underground water
sporadically, with recent eruptions in 2005 believed to
system. Other problems include deficiency of trace
have been associated with the 2004 Indian Ocean
elements because of intensive cultivation. All these
earthquake. The previous major eruption recorded was
factors have combined together to reduce soil fertility.
on 18 February 2003. The locals call this mud volcano
Proper crop rotation, judicious combination of organic
jalki.
and chemical fertilizers and suitable agronomic practices

will be helpful in this regard.

Answer:

Explanation:

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Financial Transaction Plan

It was previously known as Operating Budget of IMF and

refers to the mechanism through which the Fund

finances its lending and repayment operations in the
Answer:
General Resources Account. Please note that India

participates in Financial Transaction Plan since 2002.

Technical Assistance Special Fund:

Its related to Asian Development Bank and fulfils the

objective of providing technical assistance for the

preparation and execution of development projects and
programs and advisory services.

Financial Stability Board:

FSB
has
been
international
established
level
the
to
work
coordinate
of
national
the

financial
at

authorities and international standard setting bodies and

to develop and promote the implementation of effective
regulatory,
policies.
supervisory
It
responsible
brings
for
and
other
together
financial
financial
national
stability
in
sector

Answer:
authorities

significant
international financial centers, international financial

institutions, sector-specific international groupings of
regulators and supervisors, and committees of central

bank experts. IMF has its representatives in FSB.

Answer:

Explanation:

1.
Genetic engineering when used on micro-organisms

help in the creation of new pharmaceuticals which

cannot be made in any other way.

2.
Genetic
engineering
helps
in
the
process
of

bioremediation which is the process of cleaning up

waste
Explanation:
The FSLRC has recommended that the Securities and
Exchange Board of India ( Sebi), the Forward Markets
(FMC),
the
Insurance
Regulatory
and
Development Authority ( Irda) and the Pension Fund
with
the
help
of
living
3.
Genetic engineering has helped lower the overall
4.
Genetic engineering has helped with the production
usage of herbicide and pesticide.

of vaccines and other drugs in plants.
5.
Genetic engineering has helped produce quicker and

more predictable way of generating new cultivars.
Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) should
Further, the cultivar properties are better known
be merged into a new unified agency UFRA.
today than it was ever known before. Today, genetic

pollution
organisms.
Answer:
Commission
and
engineering can produce sustainable agriculture.

6.
Genetic engineering is meant to make food crops

more resistant to disease, but the mere act of

modification of the naturally selected food crops

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actually disturbs the delicate balance of biodiversity
Explanation:
which exists in nature. The production of GMOs has
Functions of Insulin
negative impacts on the natural ecosystem which are
Insulin activates the absorption of glucose from the
not apparent now but will be apparent in the future.
blood by the cells of the muscle, liver and fat tissues. It
For example, genetic changes in a particular plant or
also facilitates the storing of glucose as glycogen in the
animal might render it harmful to another organism
liver and muscle. Besides this, it prevents the use of fat
higher up in the food chain and ultimately this effect
for deriving energy. Insulin is released in the body in two
may build up to destroy the entire food chain in
phases. The first phase involves the rapid release of a
which that plant plays a role.
large amount of insulin in response to an increased level
GMOs have been known to retain some of the
of glucose in the blood produced from the digestion of
genetically modified DNA in the final product made
food. These high levels of insulin in the body induce the
for human consumption. Such remnants of genetic
cells of the liver and muscles to absorb glucose from the
material are harmful to human health and can cause
blood. This results in a reduction in the blood glucose
production of previously unknown allergens.
level. With the reduction of blood glucose level, insulin

secretion also decreases. The second phase refers to the
small amount of insulin continuously secreted by the
beta cells, which is not dependent on the level of sugar.

The body needs this small amount of insulin, as the liver

keeps on releasing the stored sugar even when we are
not eating. This
ensures a constant supply of energy.
Insulin secreted in these ways enters the blood plasma

and bind with beta globulin (a protein). Globulins are of
two types, alpha and beta globulins, and are concerned

with the circulation of lipids, vitamins and hormones

throughout the body. When the blood plasma comes into
contact with the liver and muscle cells, the insulin

bounded to the beta globulins interact with the receptors

(protein molecules) embedded in plasma membrane or

cytoplasm of the cells. This in turn helps the passage of

glucose into the cells. In the absence of insulin, the
Answer:
absorption of glucose gets impaired due to which the
Explanation:
body tends to use the stored fats to get energy. But, in
Algae are primitive eukaryotic organisms that do not
the
have true stems, roots and leaves. They are primary
generated. On the other hand, since the body cannot
producers in aquatic ecosystems and marine organisms.
absorb and utilize glucose in the absence of insulin, the
Most of these are edible and have been consumed in
blood glucose level increases.
different

forms
since
ancient
times.
Most
edible
seaweeds are marine algae as most freshwater algae are

toxic. While marine algae are not toxic, some do contain
acids that irritate the digestion canal, while some others
process
the
harmful
byproducts,
ketones
are

can have a laxative and electrolyte-balancing effect

Answer:

Explanation:

Article 45 says - The State shall endeavour to provide
Answer:
early childhood care and education for all children until

they complete the
age of six years. The Eighty-sixth

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Constitutional Amendment Act has split the age group 0-
3.
The more we decrease the angle between the two
cover their interests under separate Articles in the
4.
At 60 the number of images is 5'
Constitution. Article 21A as a fundamental right for age
5.
At 30, the number of images will be 11.
group 6-14 years and Article 45 a Directive Principle of
This
State Policy for age of 0-6 years. Further, the amended
Kaleidoscopes that operate on
Article 51A also says that "who is a parent or guardian to
several mirrors are attached together. The three mirrors
provide opportunities for education to his child or, as the
if set at 45 from each other,
case may be, ward between the age of six and fourteen
images of the objects, six at 60, and four at 90.
years.". So only DPSP enshrines these provisions.

14 years into two clear categories and these separate ages
mirrors from 90, the more will be number of images.

is
the
principle
of
working
of
the
multiple reflection,
creates eight duplicate

concept

Answer:
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
This bill was introduced in 1883 by Viceroy Ripon, who
The first statement is correct. The wavelength of X-Rays
actually desired to abolish the racial prejudice from the
is from 0 to 250. The Hard X-rays have a wavelength
Indian Penal Code. Ripon had proposed an amendment
of less than 10 while the soft X-Rays have the
for existing laws in the country and to allow Indian
wavelength of more than 10. The second statement is
judges and magistrates the jurisdiction to try British
incorrect because Both Electric and Magnetic fields don't
offenders in criminal cases at the District level. It was
affect X-Rays. The Third statement is incorrect because
never allowed before. The bill was later passed in
X-Rays show most properties of light.
severally compromised state and that is why, opened the

eyes of Indians , who could understand that they were

nowhere equal to the Europeans.

Answer:
Explanation:

Number of images = (360angle) - 1

Here please note:

1.
If the mirrors are placed at parallel to each other ,

the images will be infinite in numbers
Answer:
2.
If the mirrors are placed at an angle of 90 with each

other , 3 images will be produced.
Explanation:

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NF3 is a greenhouse gas, with a global warming potential

(GWP) 17,200 times greater than that of CO2 when

compared over a 100 year period. It is used in the etching

in making of the LCD thin films.

Answer:

Answer:
Explanation:
Please note that SC and HC are also covered under RTI
along with subordinate judiciary.

1. Central Chief Information Commissioner under the

Right to Education Act is appointed by President
2. Under the RTI Act, the RTI Request Fee can be paid by

Answer:
Explanation:
Cash, Cheque, Postal Order or Demand Draft

Answer:
Kindly note that all states of India don't come under the

RTI act. The second statement is correct. Third statement

is also incorrect because one can ask for more than one

information in a single application.

Answer:

Answer: Only 3 (discrepancy)
Explanation:
1.
The first statement is incorrect because data can be
2.
Second statement is incorrect because now a days, a
Explanation:
The information under the RTI can be sought by an

transferred much faster on LAN.
Indian Citizen only. NRI are also Indian Citizens so they
printer can be shared both over LAN and WAN.
can seek information. PIO does not confirm citizenship so
3.
we need to eliminate third choice.
Third statement is correct.


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Answer:

Explanation:
Answer:
1.
Both the Wi-Fi (wireless fidelity) and the Bluetooth

standards are based on separate protocols and work

on different standards.
2.
Wi-Fi has been a favourite for making LANs (Local

Area Networks) at homes and offices. The range of
3.

Wi-Fi is hence quite high, around 300 feet from the
wireless networking node.

Bluetooth, on the other hand has a short range of

around 30 feet. As already mentioned,

4.
Bluetooth and Wi-Fi work on different standards.
5.
Recent Wi-Fi installations are based on 802.11n

standard. Bluetooth devices currently follow the

Bluetooth 4.0 standard.
Answer:
Bluetooth devices do not need any installation or
Explanation:
6.
configuration. The working of Bluetooth devices is

very simple and hence they do not require to be
configured.
However,
Wi-Fi
requires
some
configuration.
7.
For a Wi-Fi enabled network, we need to install

routers and modems. Wi-Fi is used for the formation
of a wireless LAN (Local Area Network). A large
number of desktop computers and laptop computers
can be connected using Wi-Fi, whereas, you cannot
form a Local Area Network (LAN), in the case of
Bluetooth. Bluetooth allows you to form a PAN
(Personal Area Network). Another difference between
Wi-Fi and Bluetooth is that, the data transfer rate for
Bluetooth is much higher than that of Wi-Fi. Using
Bluetooth, you can transfer data at the rate of 800
kbps, whereas, Wi-Fi is susceptible to data losses and
hence has lower speeds. If you are connected to the
Internet using Wi-Fi, your downloading speed will be
less than what you would get when you are
connected using broadband internet.

What 'Fascism' employs is prioritizing the benefit of the

state above anything else. The State will incorporate all
values relevant to making it the superior power, be it
nationalism or militarism. This means using all
people within the State, regardless of
the
their race. The
thought that seeds is, 'if you're in this state, then you're
better than anyone outside it and therefore have a right
to rule them'. In a way, Fascism is considered as the more
aggressive form of nationalism. Even so, it is not
considered as brutal or savage as Nazism. While the
militaristic laws of Fascism that were enforced ended a
lot of liberties for most people, they rarely used brute
force to get what they wanted. Literally, Fascism means
'a bundle' in Italian. 'Nazism', on the other hand,
emphasizes on race. More specifically, the Aryan race.
Nazism still was about the state, but they would not
accept anyone from other races to exist with their own.
While pure Fascism would accept people from other
religions as long as they were useful for the state, Nazism
vehemently declined any such steps. They conditioned
the Aryan race as the banner under which they would

unite. The word Nazi is actually an abbreviation of the
word 'Nationalsozialistische' from
'Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei', which

means National Social German Workers' Party in English.

Historically, Nazism was considered very extreme. The

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10
way they enforced Aryan superiority was cruel and
DVD+R formats, the latter one uses a more robust error
destructive. Yes, the primary element of control was still
management technology than that employed in the
fear, just like regular Fascism. But the degree to which
former. The DVD+R format also employs more precise
they went to affirm absolute authority as the Masters
session linking methods which contribute to fewer
was inexplicable.
damaged discs than the DVD-R format.

Answer:

Explanation:

Sodium reacts with hydrocarbon compounds with double

bonds to make them saturated (single bonded). This type

of reaction is often referred to as addition reaction. In

this manner, a type of synthetic rubber is formed which

is called buna. It has derived its name from butadiene (a

type of hydrocarbon) and sodium (Na).
Answer:

Explanation:

The 'R' after the plus or minus indicates 'recordable',
which means that the disc can be written upon, but only

once. If you have an 'RW' after the plus or minus sign, it

indicates a 'rewritable' disc, which means that the disc

can be rewritten up to 1,000 times. There is no difference

between DVD-R and DVD+R in terms of the storage

capacity they provide. A single layer DVD of both formats
Answer:
has a capacity of 4.7 GB, and a dual layer DVD has a

storage capacity of 8.5 GB. DVD-R and DVD+R are two

contending
technologies
which
employ
different

formats. Each of these formats is formally sanctioned and

backed up by their individual forums. These licensing

forums comprise a particular number of companies. A

company named 'Pioneer' was responsible for the advent
of the DVD-R format which is based on the same

technology as a CD-R. The DVD-R format is backed up by

the 'DVD Forum' which was established by companies

such as Mitsubishi, Sony, Hitachi, and Time Warner. It is
believed that Sony Corporation took the initiative of
developing the DVD+R format. This format is also no
different from the CD-R. The DVD+R format is backed up
by the 'DVD+RW Alliance'. This authorizing entity

Sony

Corporation, Yamaha Corporation, Philips, Dell, and some

others. The primary divergence amongst these two

comprises
member
companies
which
include
optical data storage discs is the inherent technology

which is normally unobtrusive to the user. DVD-R
employs the Land Pre Pit (LPP) technology for tracking
and controlling the speed, whereas DVD+R utilizes an
advanced ADdress In Pregroove (ADIP) functionality
which makes the operation more precise at higher
speeds. When it comes to the technology in DVD-R and
Answer:
Explanation:
The question checks whether you have read the UNCLOS
(United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea) and its
specifications or not. Exclusive Economic Zones refers to
the area from the edge of the territorial sea out to 200

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nautical miles from the baseline. In this area, the country
number of Rhizobium nodules and their Mg-content,
has sole exploitation rights over all natural resources.
resulting in increased N2-fixation and yield. Magnesium
The most important reason to introduce EEZ was to halt
also plays an important role in the metabolism of
the clashes over the Fishing Rights and Oil Rights. In the
Azotobacter. Nitrogenase complex needs Mg 2+ ions to be
EEZ, the foreign vessels have freedom of navigation and
active (Sylvia et al., 1999), so magnesium requirement for
over flight, subject to the regulation of the coastal states.
nitrogen fixation is considerable.
Foreign states are allowed to lay submarine pipes and
cables. Thus statement 2 is incorrect. As far as statement
3 is concerned please note that a country can enforce

laws only in 4 areas viz. pollution, taxation, customs, and

immigration of the Contiguous Zone i.e. 24 Nautical miles

from the baseline.

Answer:

Explanation:

World Conference on Disaster Reduction is a United

Nations

conference
bringing
together
government
officials, non-governmental experts and other specialists

from around the world to discuss the growing trend of
Answer:
people affected by natural disasters.
Explanation:
The first WCDR conference was held in Kobe, Japan
Under Articles 1 (2) and 10 of the Paris Convention for the
January 1822, 2005. The outcome of this conference was
Protection
Hyogo Framework for Action. The HFA suggests five
indications are covered as an element of IPRs. They are
specific priorities for action:
also covered under Articles 22 to 24 of the Trade Related
1.
Making disaster risk reduction a priority;
Aspects
2.
Improving risk information and early warning;
Agreement,
3.
Building a culture of safety and resilience;
concluding the Uruguay Round of GATT negotiations. In
4.
Reducing the risks in key sectors;
India, they are covered under Goods (Registration &
5.
Strengthening preparedness for response.
Protection) Act, 1999 which has come into force with

of
of
Industrial
Intellectual
which
was
Property,
Property
part
of
geographical
Rights
the
(TRIPS)
Agreements
effect from 15th September 2003. However, as per the

Goods (Registration & Protection) Act, 1999, Controller
General of the Patents, Designs and Trade Marks is the

appointment is as per Trade Marks Act 1999.

Registrar
of
Geographical
Indications
and
this

Answer:
Explanation:
Directly, Iron and Molybdenum play important role in

BNF. The enzyme used is called nitrogenase. The
nitrogenase enzyme has two kinds of proteins viz. Iron
Protein, and Iron-Molybdenum protein. At the same time,
Mg nutrition treatment has shown to have increased the


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to April. So, the first three options hint towards a Kharif

Season. Here are some points:

Early indicators of Droughts

The following constitute early warning indicators:

For Kharif (sowing June to August)

1.
Delay in onset of South-West Monsoon.
Answer:
2.
Long break activity of South-West Monsoon.
Explanation:
3.
Insufficient rains during the month of July.
Please note that NOT all biosphere reserves are in the

UNESCO Framework. As of now only Seven viz. Nilgiri
(2000), Gulf of Mannar (2001), Sunderban (2001), Nanda
Devi(2004), Nokrek (2009), Pachmarhi(2009), Similipal
4.
Rise in Price of fodder.
5.
Absence of rising trend in Reservoir Levels.
6.
Drying up of sources of Rural Drinking Water Supply.
7.
Declining trend in the progress of sowing over

successive weeks compared to corresponding figures
(2009) are in the UNESCOs MAB world network limited

economic activity (sand and stone mining) is permitted.

for normal years.

For Rabi (sowing November to January)
1.
Deficiency
in
closing
figures
for
South-West
th
Monsoon (30 September).

2.
Serious depletion in level of Ground Water compared

to figures for normal years.

3.

Fall in the level of Reservoirs compared to figures of

the corresponding period in the normal years

indication of poor recharge following SW Monsoon.
Answer:
4.
Indication of marked soil moisture stress.
Explanation:
5.
Rise in price of fodder.
With increase in severity of skeletal fluorosis, acute pain
6.
Increased deployment of water through tankers
is associated with rigidity and restricted movement of
(For Tamil Nadu & Pondicherry the crucial period is
cervical and lumber spine, knee and pelvic joints as well
North East Monsoon October to December)
as shoulder joints. In severe cases of fluorosis, there Is

complete rigidity of the joints resulting in stiff spine

described as "bamboo spine", and immobile knee, pelvic

with rigidity of joints and includes kyphosis, scoliosis,

and flexion deformity of knee joints, paraplegia and

quadriplegia.

and shoulder joints. Crippling deformity is associated
In patients with paralysis, it begins with vague pain in

the back. Symptoms develop due to pressure caused by
osteophytess
(bony
outgrowth)
narrowing
of

intervertebral foreman and Increase in size of the

vertebrae or narrowing of the spinal canal, can lead to

paralysis.

Answer:

Explanation:
The five diseases covered by the Pentavalent Vaccine are

diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, hepatitis B and Hib. The

trivalent DPT vaccine will be gradually replaced by this

Answer:

Explanation:
We know that exact timing of the Rabi crop varies with
pentavalent vaccine.

the latitude and is influenced by the withdrawal of the

monsoon, therefore it can be anywhere from September


Target 2013
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13
Mock Test 7/15

could be imposed on the rights of the citizens through

executive instructions. And now we discuss Fundamental

Answer:
duties. In the case of Union of India v. Yashwant Sharma

it was held that though the Flag Code is not a statute,
restrictions under the Code need to be followed to
Explanation:
preserve the dignity of the National Flag. The right to fly
Oral mucosal transudate draws HIV antibodies out of the
the National Flag is not an absolute right but a qualified
tissues of the cheek and gum. The virus itself is rarely
right and should be read having regard to Article 51A of
ever found in oral fluid. Oral mucosal transudate has high
the Constitution. Thus statements 2 & 3 are correct
concentrations of IgG; saliva has practically none. Oral

mucosal transudate comes from the tissues of the cheek

and gum; saliva comes from the salivary glands. The

special pad is placed between the lower gum and inner

cheek and left there for two minutes.

Answer:
Explanation:

Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act (PESA)

authorizes the States give the Gram Sabhas power to

regulate
and
restrict
sale/consumption
of
liquor;
ownership of minor forest produce; power to prevent

alienation of land and restore alienated land; power to

manage village markets, control money lending to STs

and power to manage village markets, control money

lending to STs and Mandatory executive functions to

approve
plans
of
the
Village
Panchayats,
identify
beneficiaries for schemes, issue certificates of utilization
Answer:
of funds.
Explanation:

Hoisting and use (including misuse and insult) of the

National Flag is regulated by the Emblems and Names

(Prevention of Improper Use) Act, 1950; the Prevention of

Insults to National Honour Act, 1971; and Flag Code

India. But still right to fly an Indian Flag is not a
statutory right. Flag Code-India is neither a statute nor a

statutory rule or regulation. It is, in reality, a mere

consolidation of executive instructions issued by the

Government of India from time to time and contains

detailed instruction in regard to the shape, size and
colour of the National Flag, the correct display, instances

of misuse and display on National Days or special

occasions.As far as fundamental rights is concerned,

Delhi High Court had held that the right to fly the

National Flag is a fundamental right within the meaning

of Article 19(1) (a) of the Constitution and reasonable

restrictions can be imposed by law. The High Court also
Answer:
held that the restrictions imposed by the Flag Code
Explanation:
India had not been authorised by any law within the
Kindly refer to Article 19(5)
meaning of clause (2) of Article 19 of the Constitution and
could not, therefore, stand in view of the earlier
decisions of the Supreme Court holding that no curbs

Target 2013
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Answer:
Explanation:

The first statement is correct because some sugarcane

varieties are known to be capable of fixing atmospheric

nitrogen
in
association
with
bacterium
called
Glucoacetobacter diazotrophicus. But, second statement

is incorrect because, in contrary to legumes and other
nitrogen fixing plants which form root nodules in the soil

in association with bacteria, G. diazotrophicus lives
within the intercellular spaces of the sugarcane's stem.

Please note that if you are given some options such as

Potato, Wheat, Barley and Sugarcane and asked which of
them would requires maximum amount of N, the answer

would be Sugarcane.

Answer:
Explanation:
Reverse Mortgage Loan (RML) enables a Senior Citizen
above 60 years age in India. The idea is to avail of
periodical payments/ lump sum amount from a lender
against the mortgage of his/her house. Such a loan allows

the borrower to continue to occupy his house as long as

he lives. Unlike other loans, reverse mortgage need not

be repaid by the borrower. The maximum period of the

loan (over which the payments can be made to the

reverse mortgage borrower) is 20 years. The lender on

the other hand has to value the property periodically at
Answer:
least once in five years and the quantum of loan may be
Explanation:
revised based on such re-valuation of property at the
There is around 46-55% Castor Oil in Castor seeds by
discretion of the lender. On the borrowers death or on
weight. It is viscous, pale yellow, non-volatile liquid and
the borrower leaving the house property permanently,
its main component is the ricinoleic acid as main fatty
the loan is repaid along with accumulated interest,
acid. The high content of this acid make it suitable for
through sale of the house property. The borrowers or
chemical reactions and that is one of the reasons that it is
their heirs also have the option of prepaying the loan at
used in the pharma industry. Castor cake is not edible
any time during the loan tenor or later, without any
because of presence of toxins in Castor Cake such as
prepayment levy. In the usual mortgage, as the regular
ricin, ricinine etc. and they are allergens. There have
mortgage payments are made the outstanding loan
been some studies to detoxify the Castor Cake, but
decreases and the house equity increases. Reverse is the
commercially, it has not been used as animal feed so far.
case in reverse mortgage, the loan amount increases with
Thus, the first statement is incorrect. It is true that the
time and the home equity decreases with time.
oil has biodiesel qualities, but below 50C, it's viscosity is

so much that it is not as use ful as other sources. The
Assertion:

other problem is the Hygroscopy of this oil, and relatively

higher water content is a problem in uses as biodiesel.
Thus, second statement is also incorrect.
Reason:


Target 2013
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Answer:

Answer:

Explanation:
Bal Gangadhar Tilak never became president of Congress.

"Democracy in India is only a top dressing on an

Indian soil which is essentially undemocratic".

Answer:

Explanation:

When moon is at closest point to Earth during its

revolution around earth it is called Perigee. The high
Answer:
tides are higher than usual and low tides are lower than
Explanation:
usual at this point. When moon is farthest , it is called

apogee and the high tides are lower than usual and low
tides are higher than usual at this point of time.

Democracy in India, said Ambedkar, is only a top

dressing
on
an
Indian
soil
which
is
essentially
undemocratic. Constitutional morality, he added, is to

be cultivated, since Indians have yet to learn it. Decades

after that statement, it would seem that the process of

learning is, at best, still a work in progress or, at worst,
an impossible task. And when the highest court in the

land, meant to uphold and protect the democratic spirit,

censures

an
academic
for
his
utterances,
it
only
buttresses that pessimistic outlook.

Answer:

Explanation:

"Swadeshi Samaj" was actually an essay / lecture of

Gurudev, which came out of his frustration over the
Governments decision to split Bengal in two pieces. In

this lecture he had proposed that there should be a self

help based reorganization of Rural Bengal , than the

proposed partition. The idea was not sold to the British,

but in 1905, along with Byomkesh Mustafi, an attempt

was made to bring out a detailed blue print of this

programme which apart from other things such as
promotion
of
Swadeshi
Arts
and
crafts,
Gyms,

Dispensaries etc. the plan was to launch Bangla Medium

schools.
Answer:

Explanation:

1.

The first statement is incorrect because such a bill

can be introduced in any house of the parliament.
2.
The second statement is correct because the bill

must have the recommendation of the President.

Target 2013
3.
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Mock Test 7/15
The Third statement is also correct, however the
language is bit ambiguous. The bill is first referred to

the state in question which can express its view
within a time stipulated by the President. However,

if the state does not express its view within that time

period, the parliament has the power to enact such

legislation.

Answer:

Answer:

Explanation:

Bills that are not deemed as Constitution Amendment

Bills
Bills for amendment of the following provisions of the

Constitution are passed by both Houses of Parliament by

a simple majority of members present and voting
Answer:
1.
Admission or establishment of new States, formation
Explanation:
of new States, and alteration of areas, boundaries or
Article 86 (1) of the Constitution provides that the
names of existing States (articles 2, 3 and 4)
President may address either House of Parliament or
Creation or abolition of Legislative Councils in the
both Houses assembled together, and for that purpose
States (article 169);
require the attendance of members. However, since the
Administration and control of Scheduled Areas and
commencement of the Constitution, the President has
Scheduled Tribes (para 7 of the Fifth Schedule); and
not so far addressed either House or both Houses
Administration of Tribal Areas in the States of
assembled together under the provision of this article.
Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram (para 21 of
Article 87 (1) of the Constitution provides that at the
the Sixth Schedule).
commencement of the first session after each general
2.
3.
4.
These Bills are not deemed as Constitution Amendment
election to the House of the People and at the
Bills under article 368 of the Constitution and, therefore,
commencement of the first session of each year the
these are not called by the title Constitution Amendment
President shall address both Houses of Parliament
Bills. Though normal legislative procedure holds good in
assembled together and inform Parliament of the causes
respect of these Bills, Bills providing for matters in sub
of its summons.
paras (a) and (b) above, in addition, require respectively
Contents of the Address
the recommendation of the President for introduction
Being a statement of Policy of the Government, the
and the prior adoption of necessary resolution by the
Address
State Legislative Assembly concerned. Such Bills are
responsible for its contents. It contains a review of the
presented to the President for his assent under article 111
activities and achievements of the Government during
of the Constitution.
the previous year and sets out the policies which it

wishes to pursue with regard to important internal and

international problems. It also indicates the main items
of legislative business which are proposed to be brought

is
drafted
by
the
Government
who
are
during the session to be held in that year.


Target 2013
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Answer:

Explanation:
This is a bit tricky question. In simple words, creation of

money means expansion of money supply in the system.

Government may ask RBI to issue new money into the
economy and follow the expansionary monetary stance

to create money. Thus options 2 & 3 are correct. The new

money by RBI can be used by other commercial banks in

the saving/ or credit creation. This means there is
Answer:
expansion of the broad money (cash + demand deposits)

in the economy.
Explanation:
The West Bengal governments demand for a three year

moratorium on interest payment of loans has been kept
pending by the central government. The question is
based upon facts around that.

Answer:

Explanation:

Primary deficit is the gross deficit which is obtained by

subtracting interest payments from budget deficit of any

country of a particular year. We need to know the value

of primary deficit, while calculating the fiscal deficit.

Alternative Definition of Primary Deficit

Primary deficit corresponds to the net borrowing, which

is required to meet the expenditure excluding the
Answer:
interest payment.
Explanation:
Primary Deficit = (Fiscal Deficit Interest Payment)
1.
2.
3.
Gilt funds are mutual funds that predominantly

invest in government securities (G-Secs).

G-Secs are securities issued by the Reserve Bank of

India on behalf of the Government of India.

Being sovereign paper, they do not expose investors

to credit risk. But it does not mean that there is no

risk at all. Investments in gilt funds are vulnerable to

interest rate risks. When interest rates rise, prices of

government securities fall; this in turn has an
Answer:
adverse impact on the performance of gilt funds
Explanation:
4. Since the market for G-Secs is largely dominated by

institutional
investors,
gilt
funds
offer
retail
investors a convenient means to invest in G-Secs.
In his presidential address at the 51st Sessions of the

Indian National Congress held at Haripura in February
1938, Subhas Chandra Bose spelt out his ideas about

economic planning and industrialisation of Free India,

"The

Government will have to do, would be to set up a
very
first
thing
which
our
future
National
Commission for drawing up a comprehensive plan of

Target 2013
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Mock Test 7/15
reconstruction." Bose wanted that on the advise of the
attained a marked individuality ; their history, their
National Planning Commission, State would adopt a
character, their deeds, engage our attention ; their
comprehensive scheme for gradually socializing our
connection with the powers and manifestations of
entire agricultural and industrial system in the spheres
Nature almost escapes us. The Hindu gods of the Vedic
of both production and distribution. He also spoke about
age, on the contrary, are obviously still Nature's powers
abolition of landlordism and liquidation of agricultural
and manifestations ; they have scarcely any other
indebtedness.
character or history. We can more clearly identify Dyu
of
with the sky than Zeus, and Ahand and Dahand are more
Jawaharlal Nehru for rapid industrialisation of India on
obviously and manifestly the Dawn than Athena and
modern lines in consideration of the latter's close
Daphne. The Hindu conceptions are more ancient, more
relationship with Mahatma Gandhi, who was not in
archaic, more true to their original sources. The Greek
favour of Industrialisation Programme
conceptions are more developed, and have passed farther

from

Polytheism. (RC Datta)
Planning
Subhas
Committee
Chandra
under
Bose
the
constituted
Chairmanship

Answer:
Explanation:
Apart from Surya, Aditi , Savitri, one more name of the
sun it is necessarily to mention. Vishnu, which in later
Hindu mythology has become a name of the Supreme
Preserver of all beings, was a name of the sun in the
Vedic age. The rising sun, the sun at zenith, and the
setting sun were considered the three steps of Vishnu
striding across limitless space. (R C Datt)

the
domain
of
Nature-worship
to
that
of

Answer:
Explanation:
The idea of a Universal Soul, of an All-pervading Breath,
is the keystone of the philosophy and thought of the
Upanishads. This idea is somewhat different from
monotheism, as it has been generally understood by
other
nations.
The
monotheism
of
other
nations
recognizes a God and Creator as distinct from the created

beings, but the monotheism of the Upanishads, which has
been
the
monotheism
of
the
Hindus
ever
since,
recognizes God as the Universal Being; all things have

emanated from him, are a part of him, and will resolve

themselves into him.

Answer:
Explanation:

There was an essential difference between the Hindu

gods of the Vedic age and the Greek gods of the Homeric

age. The Hindu conceptions go nearer to the original

Nature-worship of the primitive Aryans, even as the
Answer:
Sanskrit language is nearer and closer than the Greek to
Explanation:
the original Aryan tongue. Among the Greeks of the
In
Homeric age, the gods and goddesses have already
Parliament by Edmund Burke and the Whigs for his
1787,
Warren
Hastings
was
impeached
in
the

Target 2013
Mock Test 7/15
administrative excess. Burke brought forward 22 charges
treat and even prevent a number of diseases that
against him. The most important of them were related to

the Rohilla War, the Case of Nanda Kumar, the treatment
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19
affects the human beings.

5.
of Raja Chait Singh of Benares and the pressures on the
It provides clues to the understanding of human

evolution.
Begums of Oudh. After a long trail which lasted till 1795,

Warren Hastings was completely acquitted. He received
pension from the Company and lived till 1818. Nanda

Kumar
was an influential official in Bengal. He was

hanged to death by the verdict of the Supreme Court at

Calcutta for a petty offence of forgery. The English law
was applied in this judgement. It was contended that

Warren Hastings and Sir Elija Impey, the judge of the
Supreme Court conspired against Nanda Kumar. Warren
Hastings imposed heavy penalty on the Raja Chait Singh
of Benares for his delay in payment of tribute and

deposed him in an unjust manner.

Answer:
Explanation:
Kindly note that the Representation of the People Act

1951 provided that in order to be elected as a member of

Rajya Sabha from a state, the candidate must be

ordinarily a resident of the state. But this qualification
was deleted in 2003. Prior to this, the election of the

Rajya Sabha member was by a secret ballot, but now it

was made open ballot. The act was challenged in the

Supreme Court and Supreme Court upheld the act. The

grounds on which honourable SC upheld the case are as

follows:
Answer:
1.
Explanation:
It is NO part of the federal principle that the

representatives of the state must belong to states.
The biggest disadvantage is that the mapping is
2.
The residence was not a constitutional requirement.
carried out on a few individual's genome, and is not
3.
Rajya Sabha does not represent the local interests of
representative of all humans. It doesn't answer

questions about where the coding of a gene starts
the states. Rajya Sabha is a national Institution.

4.
and ends, nor does it answer questions about

regulation of that gene.
Members of Rajya Sabha don't vote at the dictates of

the State concerned.
5.
The principle of secrecy is not an absolute principle.
The Advantages of Human Genome Project are:
Members sit for six-year terms, with one third of the
1.
Provide new avenues for advances in medicine and
members retiring every two years
biotechnology, mainly by offering easy ways to

administer

genetic
tests
that
can
show
predisposition to a variety of illnesses, including

breast cancer, hemostasis disorders, cystic fibrosis,
liver diseases and many others.
2.
Providing reference data for biological scientists.
3.
Better understanding of molecular biology
4.
Knowledge of the effects of variation of DNA among

individuals can revolutionize the ways to diagnose,


Target 2013

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20

Answer:

Explanation:
Idolatry was nowhere among Aryans as well as Dasyus.

The second statement is correct, here is a snippet from
RC Datt. It will be seen from hymns like these that the

natural feeling of hostility between the A'rya or Aryan

conquerors and the Dasyu aborigines was further

embittered by difference in religion and religious rites.

The Aryan believed in the "bright gods" of Nature,
Answer:
in the sky, the sun, the fire, and the storms ; he sacrificed
to them daily, and wherever he conquered, he carried

with him his worship of Nature's deities and his cherished
Explanation:
sacrificial rites. The dark-skinned Dasyu of the Punjab
believed in no such gods, and performed no sacrifices,

and this impiety and irreligion brought death and

destruction on him, according to the belief of the

sacrificing Hindu. Again and again the Hindu appealed to

his martial deity, and confidently invoked his aid against

men who were without faith and without rites.

Answer:
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
Aplastic anaemia is a condition where bone marrow does
The second statement is not correct. Indias total fertility
not produce sufficient new cells to replenish blood cells.
rate (TFR) the average number of children expected to
The condition, per its name, involves both aplasia and
be born per woman during her reproductive years has
anaemia. Typically, anaemia refers to low red blood cell
fallen by19% over the past decade. Among bigger states,
counts, but aplastic anaemia patients have lower counts
the percentage decline in TFR during this period the last
of all three blood cell types: red blood cells, white blood
decade varied from as high as 28% in Punjab to 5.6%in
cells, and platelets, termed pancytopenia. Sickle-cell
Kerala. Maharashtra saw the second highest dip in TFR
disease (SCD), or sickle-cell anaemia (or anaemia, SCA) or
between 2000-2010 at 26.9%, followed by Haryana and
drepanocytosis, is an autosomal recessive genetic blood
Andhra Pradesh (25%), Uttar Pradesh (23%), Rajasthan
disorder with overdominance, characterized by red blood
(22%), Himachal Pradesh and West Bengal (21%).
cells that assume an abnormal, rigid, sickle shape.
The TFR is a synthetic rate, not based on the fertility of
Sickling decreases the cells' flexibility and results in a
any real group of women since this would involve
risk of various complications. The sickling occurs because
waiting until they had completed childbearing. Nor is it
of a mutation in the haemoglobin gene.
based on counting up the total number of children

Target 2013
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actually born over their lifetime. Instead, the TFR is

based on the age-specific fertility rates of women in their

"child-bearing
years,"
which
in
conventional
international statistical usage is ages 1544 or 15-49. The
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21
Answer:
TFR is, therefore, a measure of the fertility of an
Explanation:
imaginary woman who passes through her reproductive
The second statement is not correct. In 2011-12, the
life subject to all the age-specific fertility rates for ages
productivity of Bt cotton is 485 kg lint per ha; it was 560
1549 that were recorded for a given population in a
kg lint per ha in 2007.
given year. The TFR represents the average number of

children a woman would have were she to fast-forward

through all her childbearing years in a single year, under

all the age-specific fertility rates for that year. In other

words, this rate is the number of children a woman would
have if she was subject to prevailing fertility rates at all

ages from a single given year, and survives throughout

all her childbearing years.
The third statement is also correct.
According to the
National Population Policy 2000, India should have

reached there placement-level fertility rate of 2.1 by 2010,

and ought to attain population stabilization at 145 crore

by 2045. Population stabilization is when the size of the

population remains unchanged. It is also called the stage

of zeropopulation growth. However, India now expects to

reach the population stabilization TFR of 2.1 at 165 crore
by 2060.

Answer:
Explanation:
1.

The committee found that indigenous Bikaneri

Nerma (BN) Bt cotton variety was contaminated by a
gene patented by Monsanto.
2.
The committee found lapse in the BNLA106 event,

and said that the material contained Monsantos

MON531 event (contamination)

Answer:

Explanation:
Answer:

An increase in wages pushes up input costs for industry,

and also the demand for products and services by
increasing disposable incomes. As a result, prices rise.
This, in turn, triggers demand for further increase in

wages. This cycle of higher wages,
referred to as wage-price spiral. The cycle is one possible

higher prices is
result of inflation. It can start either due to high

aggregate demand combined with near full employment
or due to supply shocks, such as an oil price hike.


Target 2013

Mock Test 7/15

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22

Answer:

Explanation:

East India Companys rule came to an end and the Indian
Answer:
administration came under the direct control of the
Explanation:
Crown. In England, the Court of Directors and Board of

Control were abolished. In their place came the Secretary
of State for India and India Council were established. The
Secretary of State would be a member of the British
cabinet. Sir Charles Wood was made the first Secretary of
State for India. India Council consisting of 15 members
would assist him. The Governor General of India was also
Burial was probably the first form of funeral ceremony

among ancient Hindus ; but this was soon followed by
cremation, and the ashes were then buried in the earth. It
is remarkable that there is no mention of a hell and its
tortures in the Rig Veda.

made the Viceroy of India. The first Viceroy of India was

Lord Canning. All the previous treaties were accepted
and honoured by the Act.

Answer:

Explanation:

Both NFC and Bluetooth are short-range high frequency

wireless technologies but Bluetooth allows interaction

between communication devices as much as 10 meters
Answer:
Explanation:
There were no unhealthy restrictions upon Hindu women
apart.

in those days, no rules to keep them secluded or debarred
from their legitimate place in society. A girl generally

selected her own husband, but her parents'

wishes were for the most part respected. We have

frequent allusions to careful and industrious wives who

superintended the arrangements of the house, and, like
the dawn, roused every one in the morning and sent him

to his work. Girls who remained unmarried obtained a

share in the paternal property. Widows could re-marry

after the death of their husbands. (RC Datt)

Answer:

Target 2013
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Mock Test 7/15
Explanation:
life in and near water bodies and lay their eggs on land.
1.
The orbit of the Moon is distinctly elliptical with an
But the difference is alligators prefer a freshwater
average eccentricity of 0.0549.
habitat, while crocodiles prefer to live in brackish water
The non-circular form of the lunar orbit causes
or saltwater. Alligators have a broader 'U' shaped snout,
variations in the Moon's angular speed and apparent
whereas the snout shape of crocodiles is narrow and form
size as it moves towards and away from an observer
a V towards the end.The tooth placement is also a
on Earth.
distinguishing
2.
3. The Moon's orbit is indeed getting larger, at a rate of

about 3.8 centimetres per year. (The Moon's orbit has
a radius of 384,000 km.)
to
demarcate
alligators
and
crocodiles. The jaw placement of an alligator is such that

the upper jaw is wider and covers the lower jaw
completely. In case of a crocodile, the width of the upper
and lower jaw are the same, hence, the teeth in the lower

feature

jaw become apparent after the mouth is closed.Dermal

Pressure Receptors (DPRs) are small, black, sensory pits

that help in detecting changes in the water pressure.

Both in alligators and crocodiles, DPRs serve as an

important organ for locating their prey. In alligators,
DPRs are present only around the jaw, whereas in

crocodiles, these sensory organs are present in nearly

every scale of the body. Both alligators and crocodiles

have structurally modified salivary glands (salt glands) in

the tongue. The crocodiles use these salt glands for

excreting
excess
salt
from
the
body,
whereas
in
alligators, these salt glands are non functional. This is the

reason as to why, a crocodile can tolerate saline water,
Answer:
whereas an alligator cannot.
Explanation:

1.

The first statement is incorrect because its an

instrument of legislative control.
2. The second statement is incorrect because the

committee makes sure that the government fulfils

the promises made in the house itself.

Answer:

Explanation:

SDSL (Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line) and ADSL. The

difference comes when we use the word ADSL, which

means that data is sent and received at different speeds.
Answer:
It means that your modem sends data to your service
Explanation:
provider at one speed and the downstream data, the data
Though, both these reptiles belong to same order
that you receive from the service provider is at a
Crocodilia, alligators are classified under Alligatoridae
different speed. Hence, the word asymmetric has its
family,
significance in ADSL. The service in general is tiered,
whereas
Crocodylidae
crocodiles
family.
In
are
regards
members
to
the
of
the
habitat
hence you pay different rates for different speeds.
comparison of alligators and crocodiles, both spend their


Target 2013
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So basically, there is no real difference between DSL and
acidic nature of the substance. So second statement
ADSL, one is a type of the other. Most of the time when

we use the word DSL, we generally refer to ADSL
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24
is correct.
3.
However, while baking soda easily dissolves in water,
modems, but in certain cases, it can refer to SDSL
sometimes even before its molecules are able to
modems. The difference between the two is that an ADSL
remove the stains, the same is not at all true for
modem can send and receive data at different speeds
washing soda. The high alkalinity of washing soda
while a SDSL modem can send and receive data using one
makes it an ideal stain remover for tough fabrics and
speed only.
clothes. Any soft fabric or clothes coming in direct
The second statement is not correct.
contact with washing soda may cause it to cause

some harm to the clothes, like discoloration, etc.

Third statement is incorrect

Answer:

Answer:
Explanation:
Chemical fertilizers kill the micro-organisms in the soil. It
is one of the advantages of organic fertilizers that they
boost microbial activity in the soil. These microbes help

in degenerating the complex compounds present in the

organic fertilizers. Overuse of fertilizers is often a

problem as excess nutrients are neither good for the

Answer:
overall composition of soil nor are they good for the

plant. Organic fertilizers would also have a problem of
overuse, but it is a slow nutrient releasing material, so
Explanation:
the nutrients will anyway take some time to get
1.
Washing Soda Na2CO3, Baking Soda NaHCO3, so
absorbed. The statement mentioned in the question
first statement is correct
stands incorrect. Organic fertilizers may take more time
Primarily, washing soda is a stronger base than
to release the nutrients as they need some microbial
baking soda and it has been found that in several
activity to get them working. Chemical fertilizers get
cases it is even caustic. That's why baker's don't
cracking instantly and release the essential nutrients
prefer washing soda for baking, instead their normal
into the soil. So statement 3 also stands incorrect.
choice is baking soda. The pH level of washing soda is

11 which is much more inclined towards the alkaline

2.
side of pH scale. It is to be noted that a pH level of 7

is considered neutral and any pH level above 7 is
regarded as basic. A pH level below 7 highlights the


Target 2013
www.gktoday.in
25
Mock Test 7/15

Answer:

Answer:

Explanation:
The initial cost is very high. Means the installing costs

can

get
costly,
usually
due
to
the
high-cost
semiconductor materials, which are used to build a solar

energy system. Solar electricity is presently costlier than
the electricity given by other sources.
Naturally as
energy shortages are becoming common day-by-day,

solar energy is thus becoming more price-competitive.

Kindly also note that a Considerable amount of energy is

lost when DC (direct current) has to be converted to AC

(alternating current). The solar cells can only produce DC,

thus the conversion by help of Grid-Tie Inverters incurs a

loss of about 4-12%.
Answer:

Explanation:

RFID tags are very simple to install/inject inside the body

of animals, thus helping to keep a track on them. This is

useful in animal husbandry and on poultry farms. The

installed RFID tags give information about the age,

vaccinations and health of the animals. So statement 1 is
correct. Statement 2 & 3 are incorrect. It is difficult for an

RFID reader to read the information in case of RFID tags
installed in liquids and metal products. The problem is

that the liquid
and metal surfaces tend to reflect the
radio waves, which makes the tags unreadable. The tags

have to be placed in various alignments and angles for
taking proper reading. This is a tedious task when the

work involves big firms. Interference has been observed
if devices such as forklifts and walkie-talkies are in the
Answer:
vicinity of the distribution centers. The presence of

mobile phone towers has been found to interfere with
RFID radio waves. Wal-Mart, the retail sector giant, has
installed
billions
of
RFID
tags
in
their
products
throughout the world and they have encountered such

problems.
Explanation:
Expropriation is motivated and forceful confiscation and
redistribution of private property, where government
can take control of a firm's property and assets, if it feels
that the enterprise is a threat to national security

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Mock Test Series 2013

Civil Services Examination 2013

Mock Test 7/15

peoples with one another; and (d) encourage settlement

of international disputes by arbitration

Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of

this Chapter, Parliament has power to make any law for

the whole or any part of the territory of India for

Henry Louis Vivian Derozio was an Indian poet and

In 1828, Raja Ram Mohan Roy

implementing any treaty, agreement or convention with

established the Brahmo Samaj, which kept Hindu ideals

but denied idolatry. This resulted in a backlash within

orthodox Hindu society. It is in the perspective of these

changes that Derozio was appointed at Hindu college,

where he helped released the ideas for social change

time, he drew around him a group of intelligent boys in

college. He constantly encouraged them to think freely,

to question and not to accept anything blindly. His

teachings inspired the development of the spirit of

about intellectual revolution in Bengal. It was called the

Young Bengal Movement and his students, also known as

Derozians, were fiery patriots. (From Wikipedia)

Forest and Tree Cover of the country as per the latest

assessment is 78.29 m ha, which is 23.81% of the

geographical area. Th is includes 2.76% of tree cover.

679 km2 respectively has been reported as compared to

the previous assessment. There is a net decline of 549

comparison to 2009 assessment. In hill and tribal districts

km2 in forest cover as compared to the previous

carbon stock in the country's forests is estimated to be

6663 m tonnes. (State of Forest Report 2011)

Article 51 (Directive Principles of State Policy): The State

shall endeavour to (a) promote international peace and

security; (b) maintain just and honourable relations

Mock Test Series 2013

Civil Services Examination 2013

Mock Test 7/15

The concept of residence is central to BoP compilation

as it is a statistical statement showing all economic

those of the rest of the world (non-residents). In

compiling BoP, it is, therefore, necessary to determine

the economic entities which are residents of an economy

and those which are non-residents

Mangroves are salt tolerant plant communities which are

circumtropical in distribution and are found along the

tropical and sub-tropical intertidal regions of the world

rainfall and have

temperatures ranging between 26c and 35c. They

exhibit a number of morphological and physiological

adaptations in order to survive in such a harsh physical

between 24 N to 38 S. These areas, on an average,

environment on account of lack of oxygen, high salinity

presence of fleshy leaves, breathing roots called as

'vivipary', sunken stomata, and increased concentration

of salt in the cells etc.

Agreement is an international treaty of the World Trade

Organization. It was negotiated during the Uruguay

Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade,

Kindly note that the Inland Waterways Authority of India

and entered into force with the establishment of the

(IWAI) was created by Indian Government on 27 October