Tyree Jackson, Briana Releford, Dakota Barnett, Alex Elizondo, Paul Vu

Pablo Emillo Escobar Gaviria

Annotated Bibliography

Primary
"6 Greatest Pablo Escobar Quotes | NLCATP.org." NLCATPorg. Ed. Chief Editor. N.p., 15
Dec. 2014. Web. 18 Nov. 2015.
Pablo Escobar, being a man in power, had a lot to say about many different subjects and events.
Many of the things he said were deemed good enough to be considered quotes of his, said to
inspire others. This website contains just a few of his greatest quotes that we used to strengthen our
website.
Ambrus, Steven. "Colombia Drug Lord Escobar Dies in Shootout." Editorial. Colombia
Drug Lord Escobar Dies in Shootout 03 Dec. 1993: n. pag. Los Angeles Times. Los
Angeles Times. Web. 17 Nov. 2015.
Pablo actually turned forty-four the day before he was killed in a shootout with Colombian Police.
Escobar tried to escape via rooftop but was held in a twenty-minute shootout. The Colombian
government saw his death as a national victory. We use this primary source on our encounter tab
because Escobar encountered the Colombian security force many times.
"Best Pablo Escobar Quotes! - Tapandaola111." Best Pablo Escobar Quotes! - Tapandaola111.
N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2015.
We used this website for the good amount of Pablo Escobar quotes it had. We used some of these
quotes throughout our website when needed. It helped give us some insight on his
well-known phrases. These greatly helped to get our point across since they are his own words, and
they show his true personality.
Ciudad Bolivar. Digital image. Latin Excursions. Latin Excursions, n.d. Web.
Colombia was the place where Pablo Escobar grew up, and where he created his business and life.
Even though it is a big area full of crime, it is truly a beautiful place. This shot shows Ciudad
Bolivar, one of the Colombias many cities. It was important to our website due to it showing one
place where the drug trafficking took place, and it was used for the background of our timeline.
Colombian Jungle Pablo used. Digital image. HDNux. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2015.
Pablo Escobar, to further his booming business, went above and beyond to get his products. Some
of the tactics he used was having secret laboratories in the jungle where they created the cocaine.
This is a picture of the Colombian jungle where Escobar had some of his drug laboratories. Its
significant to our project because it gave us a visualization of where the behind the scenes work
happened.

Documents & movies about Pablo Escobar. Digital image. Gestion2. N.p., n.d. Web.
Pablo Escobar, being a very influential and powerful man in his time, was the basis of many
shows, movies, and documentaries. These images are the posters and covers for just a few of
these. They are significant to our project because they helped to give us more representation of
Escobars impact on society.
Early Methods Used by Cocaine Mules. Digital image. James Mollison Home Comments. N.p.,
n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2015.
This picture showed just one of many ways Escobar delivered cocaine to the United States. He
would hire men to wear these jackets and board flights to different cities in the U.S. At this time
airport security didnt take the measure they do today, so sneaking bags of cocaine in a jacket was
a very feasible task. We used this photograph on the exploration tab because this showed one of
the way Escobar explored new techniques in the delivering cocaine to the U.S.
Griselda Blanco, the woman that taught Pablo Escobar the game of cocaine. Digital image.
The Godmother of Cocaine. Chroness, n.d. Web.
Griselda Blanco was a drug lord who worked alongside with the Medellin Cartel during the
1980s. She mentored Pablo Escobar in the cocaine business. At the peak of her career she made
eighty million dollars a month. We used the information on the encounter tab because if Escobar
didnt meet Blanco, he wouldnt have been as successful in the cocaine trade.
Island in Bahamas used to refuel Pablo's airplanes. Digital image. Daily Mail UK. Mercury
Press, n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2015.
One way Pablo Escobar exported cocaine was via airplanes. Since the extra weight from the
cocaine caused the planes to use more fuel, Escobar needed a way to refuel the planes. So, Pablo
decided to buy islands in the Bahamas as a refuel point. We used this image on our exploration tab.
Long, William R. "Billionaire Drug Trafficker Rules: Powerful Medellin Cartel Safe in Its
Colombia Base." Editorial. Los Angeles Times 21 Feb. 1988: n. pag. Los Angeles
Times. Los Angeles Times. Web. 17 Nov. 2015.
Pablo Escobar donated 400 houses to poor making him a popular hero in Medellin. Medellin
mayor, William Jaramillo, criticized Escobar and the cartel, but he was forced to stop talking and
sent his family to live in the U.S. The cartel had a secure home base in Medellin and produces an
estimated three-fourths of the cocaine used in the U.S. and Europe. This article gave us
information that politicians in Colombia stated, and it also showed the power and influence Pablo
had.

Long, William R. "Bogota Blast Kills 45; Drug Kingpins Blamed: Colombia: Bus Bomb
Rips through the Headquarters of the Police Intelligence Agency. 400 Are Injured."
Los Angeles Times 07 Dec. 1989: n. pag. Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times. Web.
17 Nov. 2015.
Pablo was believed to behind terrorist attacks that were happening in Bogota, Columbia. On
December 7, 1989 a car bomb exploded killing forty-five people and injuring 400 more. This was
around the time where Escobar declared war on the Colombian government. This newspaper
gave allowed us to see how the American people viewed Pablo Escobar and we used this
information on our encounter tab.
Marshanski, Roman. "10 Top Pablo Escobar Quotes You Need To Know."Humoropedia. N.p.,
2 Nov. 2015. Web. 18 Nov. 2015.
This is a page that houses a variety of Pablo Escobar quotes. We used some of these around our
website where they fit. These insightful words from Escobar also offered us with his thoughts.
Their significance is that they give us his own words to use as a sign how he felt about his
encounters, exchanges, and explorations.
Military destruction of a jungle drug lab. Digital image. Drug Trafficking in Colombia. Latin
American Studies, n.d. Web.
The Search Bloc successfully raided Pablos largest cocaine lab. It was later found that the Search
Bloc barely missed capturing Pablo. After restraining living suspects, the Search Bloc would burn
down all of the cocaine and the labs to prevent further production. We used to show how Escobar
encountered military resistance against his drug operations.
Mollison, James. A Colombian National Security radio. Digital image. World Press, n.d. Web.
18 Nov. 2015.
Pablos people were often one step ahead of the National Police. They did by stealing radios from
police officers and tuning into police radio frequencies to spy on the latest police activities. This
allowed them to usually escape a raid unharm. This picture was used to show one way Escobar
evaded capture for so long.
Mollison, James. One of the 11,000 confiscated guns held by Medellin police. Digital image.
Mollison, n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2015.
Pablo Escobar did some extremely deliberate plans to be able to do business with others. One of
the tricks Pablo had was to trade and sell guns by putting them in books since it was illegal. This is
significant due to it giving us insight on some of the things Escobar had to do to make his profits.

Mollison, James. Pablo kicking off a soccer game and talking to average citizens after the
match. Digital image. World Press, n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2015.
Pablo often made an appearance at his favorite soccer teams matches. He was usually invited to
have the first kick which initiated the match. Pablo Escobar made sure to make himself look like a
man of the people always talking with the poor of Medellin. We used this information to show
Pablos relationships with the people of Medellin.
Mollison, James. The interior of a wretched airplane used for smuggling. Digital image.
World Press, n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2015.
The Medellin cartel made crude, rough landing strips for their airplanes to land without dealing
with police. These airstrips were usually unkempt and hard to find so that anybody wouldnt
accidentally see it while flying over the swamps of Florida. This led to a lot of airplanes landing in
wrong locations causing them to crash. Because of this smuggling planes were sometimes forced
to encounter DEA in airports.
Pablo and His Wife, Victoria Henao, Early 1980s. Digital image. James Mollison Home
Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2015.
Pablo still had a family and personal life despite the dangerous business he was in. He loved his
wife, Victoria Henao, even though he had many mistresses throughout their marriage. In March
1976, when they were married, Victoria was only fifteen years old while Pablo was twenty-seven;
together they had two children. We used this image to show that Pablo still kept close family ties
during his operations.
Pablo and the Ochoa brothers. Digital image. Kommepchat.ru. Kommersant.ru, n.d. Web.
Even though the business brought about lots of different people, Escobar made sure to keep his
friends close. The Ochoa brothers worked by his side, and they helped him to grow and rise up to
the top. In this photograph, Pablo is shown with the Ochoa brothers, showing how close they
were. This is useful as it showed some of the people who worked with Pablo Escobar, and we
used this for our encounter tab.
Pablo campaigning for Congress, 1982. Digital image. Irishtimes.com. Irish Times, n.d. Web.
18 Nov. 2015.
Escobar, seen as Colombias savior, was loved and praised by the people. He would do what he
could to make sure they were doing well, and that they lived happy lives. In this picture, he is
shown giving a speech to his people, while they are holding signs for him. This was significant to
our topic as it gave us a better understanding of the interaction between Pablo Escobar and the
people of Colombia; it was used for our encounter page.

Pablo Escobar's criminal file. Digital image. Awesomestories.com. Awesome Stories, n.d.
Web.
Pablo Escobar, growing up in Colombia, made the country his main center of business. He had all
of the actions his cartel carried out go through this place, making it a huge center of commerce.
This photo depicts Pablos citizenship card, showing all of his information. This is significant to
our website because it gave us more insight about details on Escobars personal life.
Pablo Escobar's Mug shot. Digital image. Www.aweseomestories.com. Awesome Stories, n.d.
Web.
This image depicts one of Escobars first mug shots in his early criminal career. Being part of the
beginning of his criminal activities, it is these actions that ended up leading to his attraction to
drugs. In turn, the reason behind his rise to becoming a drug lord was all thanks to the small
crimes that got him arrested. It is significant to our project due to it being a key part in the
exchange that Escobar created.
Pablo Escobar visiting the White House with his son, Sebastin Marroqun. Digital image.
Business Insider, n.d. Web.
This image shows Pablo Escobar and his young son, Sebastian Marroquin, in front of the White
House. Washington D.C. was just one of his many stops in America to explore potential trade
routes. This picture was also an insult to the DEA, since their top target was in the nations
capital. This was important to our website because it showed how easily Escobar was able to
travel.
Pablo Escobar Was Closely Tied to His Favorite Team. Digital image.Insightcrime.org. Insight
Crime, n.d. Web.
Although he was seen as a bad man by most of the world, the people of Colombia saw Pablo
Escobar as their hero. They loved him as a leader, and they were proud to have such an amazing,
powerful man lead them. This image shows Escobar with some soccer players, showing how he
interacted with his people. It was significant to our project because it showed how he acted and
was treated by the people of Colombia. This was used for our encounter section.
Pablo's First Communion. Digital image. James Mollison Home Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 9
Oct. 2015.
The photo of a youthful Pablo at his first communion shows how innocent a child he was. This
does not show the rough childhood he actually had. Escobar had to walk miles to school
barefooted and was humiliated by his teachers. We used this image to show that Pablos early life
has been misunderstood.

Pablo's Prison Cell Equipped with Office and Kitchen. Digital image. James Mollison Home
Comments. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2015
After compromising with the Colombian government, Pablo build his own luxurious private
prison. La Cathedral came fully furnished with a kitchen, comfortable furniture, and a soccer
field. Pablo even had a small casino for all of his henchmen to enjoy. This photo showed how
much power Pablo had in Columbia, and we used this mainly for our encounter tab on the
website.
Press, Associated. "Medellin Cartel Gives Up 3 Cocaine Labs." Editorial. Los Angeles Times
14 Feb. 1990: n. pag. Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times. Web. 17 Nov. 2015.
A day before the U.S.-Latin American drug summit, the Medellin Cartel surrendered three of their
largest cocaine labs to Colombian authorities. This was an attempt to make the Colombian
government end its war on drugs and eliminate extradition. The labs were found to be very
modern and had accommodations and supplies to last 150 men for a long period of time. We used
this information to show exchange between the Colombian government and Medellin Cartel.
"TOP 8 QUOTES BY PABLO ESCOBAR | A-Z Quotes." A-Z Quotes. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Nov.
2015.
There are many things that people who are big in society, Escobar being one of them, say that are
taken and used as important quotes for future reference. While some of the things he said may
seem irrelevant to someone, they can actually be used to help discern his character and personality.
This page was significant because it helped us have quotes to put on our website, and it gave us a
better understanding of Pablos character.
Wright, Evan. "Kingpin: Jon Roberts." Mensjournal.com. Men's Journal, Nov. 2011. Web.
28 Oct. 2015.
Pablo Escobar had many different kinds of people who assisted him in the drug business. One
very important one was an American man named Jon Roberts, who played a big role in the
exploration of routes to the United States. The Medellin needed people to help move the drugs,
and Roberts was willing to be one of them. Using his many different tactics, including bribing
police and the use of technology from Mickey Munday, he was able to be a huge help to the
cartel. This article helped us learn more about some of the other people involved with Escobars
business, and we used it for our exploration and exchange tabs.
Wright, Pete, AP. 3,748lbs of Cocaine from Colombia Found in Tampa International Airline.
Digital image. Hdnux.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.
Pablo Escobar, to get what he wanted, acted through any means necessary. He would employ the
use of many different people to get his jobs done, with some even being corrupted government
officials. In this shot, some of Pablos white-collar workers are shown packing drugs into boxes to
ship to many places. This was significant to our research as it showed the work behind the drug
trafficking: we used this for our exchange tab.

Secondary
Amarante, Rodrigo. Tuyo. Rodrigo Amarante. 2010. Azlyrics.wiki. Web. 19 Nov. 2015.
Pablo Escobars huge influence on the world inspired many media portrayals of the drug business,
with the show Narcos being one of them. It was made to show Escobars life in a more entertaining
form for others to enjoy. This website is where we got the Narcos theme song to use on our home
page of our project. It was significant due to it being a show about Pablo himself.
Blasco, Jose Manuel. "YtCropper | Crop YouTube Videos Online." YtCropper. N.p., n.d. Web.
19 Nov. 2015.
This cropper is used to cut the length of YouTube videos online. To crop the video you had to put
the URL in the search box in order to find our video on YouTube. This allowed us to stay within
our outside media time limit. We used this website for three videos on our website.
"Colombian Coca, 1987-2000." US State Department, International Narcotics Control
Strategy Report. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2015.
When Escobar started his drug business, he began a quick trend. People soon started to partake in
these events, and drug production and use skyrocketed. This table shows that after Pablo initiated
his business, the cocaine amounts grew significantly. It is significant to our project due to it
showing how Pablo Escobars exchange made it so the drug statistics changes drastically.
Dom Cocaine Flow Map. Digital image. Blogspot. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2015.
This map showed the main route Escobar used to export the cocaine to the U.S. Miami was the
distribution center of the U.S. From Miami, cocaine would be distributed to big cities like: New
York, Atlanta, Philadelphia, and Memphis. This map was used for the exploration tab on our
website because it was a new way to smuggle cocaine throughout the U.S.
Drug Traffic Map. Digital image. NPR. NPR, n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.
This map shows different land routes that Escobar used to smuggle contraband to the U.S. It also
shows that Mexico was one of Pablos primary trafficking routes. However, when the D.E.A.
cracked down on border crossings in U.S. Pablo was forced to explore new ways into America.
We used this information to add on our exploration tab.

"Escrito Con Sangre... El Website De Los Asesinos!: Pablo Escobar Gaviria: "El Patrn""
Escrito Con Sangre... El Website De Los Asesinos!: Pablo Escobar Gaviria: "El
Patrn" N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Oct. 2015.
Escobar had to go through a lot in his life to reach the level of power that he was on. Starting off
as a small thief, he eventually ended up entering the drug business. Little did he know that it
would drastically affect his future. After this, he slowly rose up the ranks to become the famous
drug lord hes known as today. His ways of solving problems were very simple using sheer
force. These extremist forms of resolving issues brought even more attention upon him, which
was a part of the reason why he was so wanted. We used this website for its information to use for
our timeline and the three aspects.
"Estimates of Cocaine Consumption in the United States, 1988-2008." ONDCP. N.p., n.d.
Web. 18 Nov. 2015.
Because of Pablo Escobars position as one of the biggest drug lords, his actions influenced a huge
radius of people all over the world. During Pablo's reign as 'King of Cocaine', the cocaine
consumption in the U.S. was extremely high. This chart shows that data and that it started to
dwindle after Escobars death; we used this in our statistics page.
"La Catedral: A Visit to Pablo Escobar's Self-Designed Prison." The Airship. N.p., n.d. Web.
09 Oct. 2015.
When Pablo Escobar got arrested, he was sent to the prison, La Catedral. Surprisingly, it was very
different from the common prison, and Escobar was practically living like royalty there. Having it
as his backup plan, he had made the prison fit to his needs, and made his own specifications. Not
only was it exactly what he wanted, but it also provided him with protection and extradition to the
U.S. We used this information to give us more insight on how Pablo Escobar made everything go
his way, and to add to our encounter and exploration sections.
Minster, Christopher. "Learn about Colombia's Ruthless Drug Kingpin, Pablo Escobar."
About.com Education. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Oct. 2015.
Pablo Escobar, to reach the seat of power he had, started from the bottom and worked his way up
the ladder. He started off doing small crimes like stealing, and it eventually led him to start drug
dealing. With big dreams to be the President of Colombia, he did whatever it took to get there, no
matter the cost. This information will help us have more information on his background, add more
information to our timeline, and add to the encounter section.
"Pablo Escobar." Crime and Investigation. N.p., 21 Feb. 2014. Web. 09 Oct. 2015.
With Escobars notorious cocaine business, he became one of the wealthiest men in Colombia.
Growing up poor, he dedicated his money to help the poor in Colombia. In order to obtain power
in Colombia, Escobar bribed and killed officials who went against him. We will use this
information to strengthen our encounter part of our website.

"Pablo Escobar Biography." Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 09 Oct. 2015.
Pablo Escobar created the Medellin Cartel to combat the Colombian government. The Medellin
cartel trafficked cocaine which made him a fortune. He directed the fight against extradition in
1985 to his death. We are going to use this information to add to our timeline and also connect to
two parts of the theme: exploration and exchange.
Pablo Escobar: How A Young Middle Class Boy Became The World's Most Notorious Drug
Lord.Xpatnation. N.p., 2015. Web. 15 Nov. 2015.
At first, Pablo only smuggled massive amounts of cigarettes, whiskey and housing appliances.
However, when Pablo met Cucaracho he took the opportunity to get into the cocaine trade.
Pablo used large trucks to deliver cocaine from Peru, then use various ways to ship that cocaine to
America. With this article we learned about one of Pablos first business partners; we used this
information for the exploration, exchange, and encounter tabs on our website.
Pablo Escobar The Life And Death Of A Drug Lord. YouTube. Don DocumentariesTV, 1 Feb.
2014. Web. 18 Nov. 2015.
Since he was one of the worlds biggest drug lords, Escobar was the topic of many different things,
such as documentaries, movies, etc. Also, his influence brought about many sources that discussed
his life story. This video talks about the life of Pablo Escobar, and it was important because it gave
us more information on our subject. We used this video in our website on the encounter,
exploration, and exchange tabs.
Robinson, Julian. "My Life with the World's Most Infamous Drug Lord: Pablo Escobar's
Son Reveals the Heartbreak, Fear of Violence and How His Father Once Burnt
$2MILLION in Cash to Keep Warm One Night on the Run." Mail Online. Associated
Newspapers, 08 Sept. 2015. Web. 18 Nov. 2015.
Escobar was one of the richest men in the world for a good amount time, and that money allowed
him to be able to buy whatever he wanted. His vast estate consisted of many luxury things, and he
owned many businesses and properties. His son, experienced this all first-hand, and in this article
he shares some of these instances. It was important to our website because it aided us in finding
information on how Pablo lived and how his family life was.
"The Colombian Cartels." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 09 Oct. 2015.
For years Colombia has been one of the biggest countries known for its drug dealing and
trafficking. Starting off as a small cocaine business, it gained the attention of many different
characters. These people joined together to create the Medellin Cartel, which eventually became
one of the biggest in the world. Pablo Escobar and his cartel were the cause of the deaths of many
important figures, and even innocent people. Being such a big cartel created rivals, who wanted
them dead, and some, like the Cali cartel, were a big help in finding and killing Escobar. This
information is helpful to us as it is important information for the encounter and exchange sections.

The Daily Bell - Roberto Escobar on Colombia's Cocaine History, Pablo Escobar and the
Failed War on Drugs. The Daily Bell - Roberto Escobar on Colombia's Cocaine
History, Pablo Escobar and the Failed War on Drugs. Web. 15 Nov. 2015.
The brains of Pablos operations were his brother, Roberto Gaviria. Roberto Gaviria used
everything in he could afford to help the family business. From aircrafts to submarines, Roberto
found any means necessary to export cocaine to the U.S. This article allowed us to have more
details on Pablo Escobars day-to-day operation, and we used this information for our exploration
tab.
"The Life of Pablo Escobar Timeline." Timetoast. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Oct. 2015.
Pablo was a politician through 1982-1983. However, he was banned from the Colombian congress
after his mug shot was released. This lead to the start of multiple bombings and terrorist attacks
ordered by Escobar for revenge to the government. We will use this information to add to our
timeline.
Thorp, Charles. "The True Story Behind Pablo Escobar and 'Narcos'" Editorial. Men's
Journal n.d.: n. pag. Mensjournal.com. Men's Journal. Web. 28 Oct. 2015.
Pablo Escobar, one of the worlds biggest drug lords, had a very interesting story. No matter how
hard people would try to capture him or kill him, he would always use his money and power to
prevent this. Steve Murphy and Javier Pena, two DEA agents, were tasked with locating and
capturing Escobar. After they succeeded, people were surprisingly interested in the story of Pablo
Escobars downfall. A show called Narcos was created to tell this tale, and these two men helped
to make it as accurate as possible. This source was used to give us information on Escobar from
his pursuers point of view and for our encounter and exchange sections.
"Timeline: America's War on Drugs." NPR. NPR, 2 Apr. 2007. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.
Drug abuse has been a world problem for a long time now. Many, including our own leaders, have
tried to quash the use of drugs, but to no avail. It slowly began to grow as drug lords started their
businesses, and Pablo Escobar was one of them. The drugs quickly became a popular item, and
many started to traffic and trade them across countries. This website will help us have information
to add to our timeline and to further the exchange aspect of our project.
"U.S. Figures for Potential Cocaine Production (Metric Tons)." US Figures. N.p., n.d. Web.
18 Nov. 2015
This chart shows the trends of cocaine production in Colombia and Bolivia. The amount fluctuated
in Colombia, while it gradually increased in Bolivia. The United States received most of its
cocaine from Colombia in an exchange through Pablo's notorious cocaine trade. We used this
information in our statistics tab.