Santos, Katrina Cassandra T.

CE 384 /D
Tuesday / Friday 4:00-8:00
Activity no.2 : Introduction sample
Introduction sample 1
Engineers nowadays are no longer considered as design engineers only but
also as materials engineers. The materials to be used in construction are one of the
most important factors to be considered in any project. A good design doesny
complement the project but also the quality of the materials and those materials
are already available in the market. Nothing invincible and thinking the worst case
scenario, time will come that those materials will no longer be available in the
market. What is now the essence of a good design? Then what is the role a material
engineer could portray?
The technical performance and ecological responsibility have come closer to
each other in the consciousness of the society. Engineering performances are no
longer analyzed and evaluated on the basis of technical specification ony, but also
on the background of their effect on the environment with the background of the
growing concern about the material and energy consumption since the beginning of
the industrial age. The goals are set to conserve natural resources and minimize
waste quantity, as well as the reduction of further environmental effects like the
consumption of non-renewable energy and emissions into soil, water and air.
Construction materials are increasingly judged by their ecological
characteristics. Concrete recycling gains importance because it protects natural
resources and eliminates the needs for disposal by using the readily available
concrete as an aggregate source for new concrete.
Environmental concerns about the huge landfill space that is being taken by
demolished construction wastes has brought up a new technique in salvaging
construction material and recycling demolition debris. Realizing that the disposal of
these waste in landfills consumes large amount of space and is economically and
environmentally costly, the need to get acquainted with suitable recycling
processes is becoming more and more essential.
According to the law , anyone who produces , sells, or consumes goods is
responsible for the avoidance, utilization or environmental waste management. The
old principle that the industry totally eliminating the effects of these wastes to the
environment. As a consequence, the building industry is forced to think about the
recycling of building materials.
Since demolished construction wastes represents a large part of the total
waste generation and has a high potential for recycling, it is important to

understand the flows and compositions of this stream as potential replacement for
primary material use in construction and other manufacturing processes.

Ref : A study on the suitability of demolished construction wastes as partial

substitute to fine
aggregates in Concrete mixtures
Introduction sample 2

Pollution from highway stormwater runoff has been an increasing area

of concern within the environmental field. To respond to the need for reduced
contamination within runoff many Best Management Practices (BMPs) have
been implemented. One difficult aspect of BMPs is monitoring their
effectiveness along with determining effluent concentrations.

The current methods for stormwater sampling include sending

technicians or installing an auto-sampler to collect either grab or composite
samples. These methods become costly, cumbersome and infeasible due to
the potentially large amount of BMPs across a region and the irregularity and
difficulty of predicting storms. Passive samplers have proven themselves as
reliable and cost-effective for the measurement of groundwater, seawater
and air pollution; but a greater understanding is needed for application
within stormwater monitoring conditions.

The objective of this research is to develop a passive sampler that will

operate under roadside BMP conditions and test its feasibility for BMP
stormwater sampling. Nineteen existing groundwater passive samplers have
been reviewed for possible use in stormwater scenarios along with three
sorbents for heavy metal monitoring. From these, two have been selected for
batch tests analyzing the kinetic uptake of these samplers. Further testing
includes the use of lab-scale BMPs with differing loading scenarios for
synthetic storms and sampler deployment within field BMPs.

Batch test results reveal ion exchange resin as a potential sorbent

unhindered by stormwater matrix effects (i.e. the addition of sediments) and
able to have fast contaminant uptake, while regenerated cellulose samplers
proved infeasible. Lab-scale and field results show a variety of unforeseen
factors that hinder the predictable uptake of metals onto the passive
samplers in BMPs scenarios.

Ref : PASSIVE STORMWATER SAMPLERS FOR SAMPLING HIGHWAY RUNOFF

FROM BMPs: FEASIBILITY STUDIES
Mitchell R. Klein, University of Nebraska-Lincoln