SEMESTER VIII

SEMINAR REPORT

Submitted by
KAILAS SREE CHANDRAN
S8N 28432

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING THIRUVANANTHAPURAM
March 2010
 CONTENTS

1. Magnetorheological (MR) Damper Applications In Vehicle Dynamics –

By Prof. S Narayanan 1

2. Aerospace Propulsion- Indian Scenario – By Prof. Job Kurien 2

3. Design And Manufacturing Management For Conservation Of Resources

and Preservation Of Environment - By Prof. N Ramaswamy 4

4. Simulation Based Material Analysis And Design - By K.I Jacob 5

 1. MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL (MR) DAMPER APPLICATIONS IN

VEHICLE DYNAMICS - BY PROF. S NARAYANAN

Smart material is those in which properties can be altered in a controlled fashion by external

stimuli e.g. Piezoelectric material, shape memory alloy, electrorhological fluid,

magnetorheological fluid. Magnetorheological fluids are non colloidal suspensions of

micrometer sized magnetisable particles suspended in a fluid. When inactivated, MR fluid

behaves as ordinary oil. MR fluid can be used in three different ways, all of which can be

applied to MR damper design depending on the damper’s intended use. These modes of

operation are referred to as:

- Squeeze mode

- Valve mode

- Shear mode.

The different types of available MR fluids are, Hydrocarbon based (MRF 122EG),

Hydrocarbon based (MRF 132DG), Hydrocarbon based (MRF 140CG)

Road vehicles experience vibration mainly due to, road irregularities, Aerodynamics force,

and periodic force from engine. A Vehicle suspension System should be designed

accordingly to carry load (Hard suspension), ride comfort (soft suspension), Directional

control during handling (intermediate suspension).

An MR damper is basically a tube of around 150 ml, containing the fluid which is 10-20 %

by weight castor oil, and 80-90% by weight of magnetic sensitive particles coated with

stabilizers, e.g. 1-1.5% of conc. H2SO4, potash. The MR damper types are: Monotube, Twin

tube, Double end type. The problem faced is space requirements. Tests and experiments are

conducted on such dampers, and results are analyzed.

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 2. AEROSPACE PROPULSION- INDIAN SCENARIO –

BY PROF. JOB KURIEN

The latest air planes in the international arena are:

Airbus A380, which uses a Rolls-Royce Trent 900, and has a seating capacity of

above 550

Boeing 787 Dreamliner. Which uses GE engines and seats 210 to 330 passengers,

depending on variant.

The challenges faced in developing the indigenous gas turbine technology are: rotating

machine, machine dynamics, combustion, fuel injection and lame holding, turbine materials,

blade cooling so on. The problems faced are: temperature rise, and thrust and the smaller the

engine size greater will be the intensity of combustion, dissociation, smog, combustion

related issues like selection of fuel, fuel injection atomization, choice of injector, combustor

material.

The most successfully indigenously developed aircraft is the HF-24.

Spacecraft propulsion is any method used to accelerate spacecraft and artificial satellites.

There are many different methods. Each method has drawbacks and advantages, and

spacecraft propulsion is an active area of research. However, most spacecraft today are

propelled by forcing a gas from the back/rear of the vehicle at very high speed through a

supersonic de Laval nozzle. This sort of engine is called a rocket engine. Rocket engines

produce thrust by the expulsion of a high-speed fluid exhaust. This fluid is nearly always a

gas which is created by high pressure (10-200 bar) combustion of solid or liquid propellants,

consisting of fuel and oxidiser components, within a combustion chamber.

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The latest international development is the Scramjet. A scramjet (supersonic combustion

ramjet) is a variation of a ramjet distinguished by supersonic combustion. A scramjet, like a

ramjet, essentially consists of a constricted tube through which inlet air is compressed by the

high speed of the vehicle, a combustion chamber where fuel is combusted, and a nozzle

through which the exhaust jet leaves at higher speed than the inlet air.

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 3. DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING MANAGEMENT FOR

CONSERVATION OF RESOURCES AND PRESERVATION OF

ENVIRONMENT - BY PROF. N RAMASWAMY

Design management acts as an the interface of management and design and functions as link

between the platforms of technology, design, design thinking, corporate management, brand

management and marketing management at internal and external interfaces of the enterprise

.In design leverage or design management 5% investment is in design, impacts 80% product

life cycle. The key features are: quality, maintenance, aesthetics, ergonomics, time supply,

packaging, transportation, marketing, after-sale, environment preservation, and disposal. The

environmental impact can be achieved by the reduction of hazardous substances, like lead

free solder in PCBS, lead free petrol. Asbestos free product, use solid lubricants and

cryogenic cooling during machining can reduce pollution, use of oxygen instead of air. Thus

incorporating the design aspect into management can cause great changes of deep

significance.

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 4. SIMULATION BASED MATERIAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN -

BY K.I JACOB

Modern development such as tunnelling, scanning, materials could be used more effectively.

Properties at the “small” were found not to be in coherence with bulk properties. A

Aluminium doped with a bit of lithium was found to have more stable cracks than aluminium.

Molecular dynamics (MD) is a form of computer simulation in which atoms and molecules

are allowed to interact for a period of time by approximations of known physics, giving a

view of the motion of the particles. This kind of simulation is frequently used in the study of

protdynamicseins and biomolecules, as well as in materials science. It is tempting, though not

entirely accurate, to describe the technique as a "virtual microscope" with high temporal and

spatial resolution. . Thus such techniques helps us to use and select materials more

effectively.