12

Ext12

Extension
Exercise 12

Further trigonometry

1 Solve, giving the general solution

a

sin (x 308) 2 cos x



p
b sin x 2 sin x
4
2 a

These equations have 0, 1 or 2 solutions in the range 08 4 x 4 3608.

For each equation, state the number of solutions.
p
p
i 2 cos y sin y 5
ii 3 sin y
7 cos y 5
p
p
iii
2 sin y 3 cos y 1
iv 4 cos y 3 sin y 5
Explain why an equation of the form
a cos x b sin x c
has at most two solutions for 08 4 x < 3608.

3 Show that the equation a cos y b sin y c has no solution for jcj >

p
a2 b2 .

4 Find the maximum and minimum values of these expressions, stating the values
of y, from 08 to 3608 inclusive, for which they occur.
p
a 3 2 cos (y 458) 7 sin y
b cos (y 608) cos y
5 Prove these identities. (A, B, C are to be taken as the angles of a triangle.)
a

sin A sin (B

cos A

c
d

cos (B

2 cos B cos C
A
B
C
sin A sin B sin C 4 cos cos cos
2
2
2
tan A tan B tan C tan A tan B tan C

6 Simplify tan

C)

x tan

7 Show that tan

8 Show that
a

C) 2 sin B cos C

tan 158 2

1 1
2

tan

1 x
1x
1 1
5

tan

1 1
8

p4 .

p
3

tan 22 12 8

p
2

9 Without using a calculator, find

a

cos y, given that y cos

1 4
5

cos

1 5
13

sin y, given that y sin

1 24
25

sin

1 8
17

tan y, given that y tan

1 1
4

tan

1 3
4

10 Without using a calculator, find tan tan

a

tan

1 4
3

2 tan

1 1
2

tan

sin

1 4
5

1 1
3

. Show that

tan

1 3
4

p
2

11 Prove, using the method on page 280, that cos (A B) cos A cos B

sin A sin B.

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12

Further trigonometry

12 Without using a calculator, find

a

tan y, given that y tan

1 1
4

tan

1 1
3

sin y, given that y tan

1 3
4

tan

1 5
12

cos y, given that y sin

1 8
17

1 3
5

cos

13 Prove that
a
b
c

1 1
tan 1 13 p4
2
2 tan 1 12 tan 1 43
1
1

tan

cos ( sin

x 2 cos

x)

p
1 x2

14 Solve
a

cos

2x sin

tan

(1

x) tan

(1 x) tan

15 The lines y 2x 3 and y 13 x

positive direction of the x-axis.

1 2
9

4 make angles a and b respectively with the

Find the gradients of the lines.

Hence, write down tan a and tan b.

By finding tan (a

b), or otherwise, find the angle between the lines.

16 Find the acute angle between each of these pairs of lines, giving the answer in
radians correct to 3 significant figures.
a

y 3x 1 and y 4

2y x 7 0 and y 5x 1 0

17 A rectangular sheet of paper ABCD is folded as shown in the diagram so that

the corner A lies on BC, where AB h, AC k and DAC x.
D
Fold

x
B

a
b
c
18 a

h A

k
Show that cot x cosec x(1 cos x).
h
Given that the rectangle has sides 5 and 10 find h, k and x.

p
Show that, if the sides of the sheet of paper are in the ratio 1: 2, then
x 458.
Show that if, in 4ABC, B is twice C, then ab2 c(a2 b2

c 2 ).

Given that c 4, b 6 and B 2  C, find a.

Show that if c 4 and b 8 it is not possible for B 2  C.

Explain why ab2 c(a2 b2

condition for B 2  C.

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c 2 ) is a necessary, but not sufficient,

12

Further trigonometry

19 ABCD is a square of side a. Triangle ABE is an equilateral triangle drawn on

AB as base with E outside the square. CE, DE meet AB in P and Q
respectively.
E

p
Prove that PQ a(2 3

3).

20 A particle is moving along a straight line and its displacement x cm from a fixed
point O on the line at time t s is given by x 4(1 cos2 t).
Find the value of x where the velocity of the particle is a maximum.
21 Show, from first principles, that if y cos x, then

dy

dx

22 This diagram shows part of the curve y sin 2x

x.

sin x.

A
y
sin 2x  x
0

There is a maximum turning point at A and a minimum turning point at B.

Find the coordinates of A and B.

Find the shaded area.

Find the volume generated when the shaded area is rotated through 2p radians
about the x-axis.

1
23 Find
sec4 x cot2 x dx.
4

cos3 x
dx.
Hint: Write cos3 x as cos x(1 sin2 x).
24 Find
sin4 x

A2 Core for AQA # Pearson Education Ltd. 2005

12

Further trigonometry

25 This diagram shows part of the curves y sin x and y cos x.

y
y
cos x

y
sin x

A
B
0

Area A is rotated through 2p radians about the x-axis.

Find VA , the volume of the solid generated.

Area B is rotated through 2p radians about the x-axis.

Find VB , the volume of the solid generated.

26 Using the substitution x 4 sin2 u or otherwise, evaluate

2 p
x(4 x) dx
0

27 a
b

Express cos 2x in terms of sin x.

Find

cot x
p dx
1 cos 2x

A2 Core for AQA # Pearson Education Ltd. 2005