Rack and Pinion Drive Calculation and Selection

Chapter

Racks Helical

m = 1.5
m=2
m=3
m=4
m=5
m=6
m=8
m = 10
m = 12

ZA-30
ZA-31
ZA-32
ZA-33
ZA-34
ZA-35
ZA-36
ZA-37
ZA-38

Racks Straight

m=1
m = 1.5
m=2
m = 2.5
m=3
m=4
m=5
m=6
m=8
m = 10
m = 12

ZB-36
ZB-37
ZB-38
ZB-39
ZB-40
ZB-41
ZB-42
ZB-43
ZB-44
ZB-45
ZB-46

Integrated Racks

m=2
m=3
m=4
p = 5 mm
p = 10 mm
p = 13.33 mm

ZC-15
ZC-16
ZC-17
ZC-18
ZC-19
ZC-20

Calculation, Instruction

Calculation Example

ZD-2

Travelling Operation
Lifting Operation

Actual size of modular gearing according to DIN 867

1/2012

Dimensions in mm

ZD-3
ZD-4

ZD-5

ZD 1

Rack and Pinion Drive Calculation and Selection

The values given in the load table are based upon uniform, smooth operation, KH=1.0 and reliable grease lubrication. Since,
in practice, the applications are very diverse, it is important to consider the given conditions by using appropriate factors SB,
KA, LKH and fn (see below).
Formulas for Determining the Tangential Force
a

= t
b

[m/s]

Fu

= m g + m a (for lifting axle)

1000

[kN]

= m g + m a (for driving axle) [kN]

1000
Fu Tab
Fu perm. =
[kN]
KA SB fn LKH
Fu

Formula dimensions see page ZD-3

The Condition Fu < Fu perm. Must be Fullled.

Load Factor KA
Drive

Type of load from the machines to be driven

Uniform
Medium Shocks Heavy Shocks

Uniform

1.00

1.25

1.75

Light Shocks

1.25

1.50

2.00

Medium Shocks

1.50

1.75

2.25

Safety Coefcient SB
The safety coefcient should be allowed for according to experience (SB = 1.1 to 1.4).

Life-Time Factor fn
considering of the peripheral speed of the pinion and lubrication.
Lubrication
Peripheral Speed
of Gearing
m/sec
m/min
0.5
30
1.0
60
1.5
90
2.0
120
3.0
180
5.0
300

Continuous Daily

0.85
0.95
1.00
1.05
1.10
1.25

0.95
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.50
1.90

Monthly

from
3
to
10

Linear Load Distribution Factor LKH

The linear load distribution factor considers the contact stress, while it describes unintegrated load distribution over the tooth
width (LKH = KH).
LKH = 1.1 for counter bearing, e.g. Torque Supporter
= 1.2 for preloaded bearings on the output shaft e.g. ATLANTA HT, HP and E servo-worm gear unit, BG bevel-gear unit
= 1.5 for unpreloaded bearings on the output shaft e.g. ATLANTA B servo-worm gear unit

ZD 2

Dimensions in mm

1/2012

Rack and Pinion Drive - Calculation and Selection

Calculation Example

Your Calculation

Values Given

Values Given

x Travelling Operation

x Travelling Operation

Mass to be Moved

= 820 kg

Mass to be Moved

kg

Speed

= 2 m/s

Speed

m/s

Acceleration Time

tb

= 1s

Acceleration Time

tb

Acceleration Due to Gravity g

= 9.81 m/s2

Acceleration Due to Gravity g

Coefcient of Friction

= 0.1

Coefcient of Friction

Load Factor

KA = 1.5

Load Factor

KA =

Life-Time Factor

fn

Life-Time Factor

fn

Safety Coefcient

SB = 1.2

Safety Coefcient

SB =

Linear Load
Distribution Factor

LKH = 1.5

Linear Load
Distribution Factor

LKH =

= 1.05 (cont. lubrication)

Calculation Process
a

Fu

tb

2
1

= 2 m/s2

tb

8209.810.1+8202

Fu zul./per. =

m/s2

kN

1000

Permissible Feed Force Fu Tab

Fu zul./per. =

KA SB fn LKH

= 2.44 kN

Assumed feed force: rack C45, ind. hardened, straight

tooth, module 3, pinion 16MnCr5, case hardened, 20 teeth,
page ZB-40 with Futab = 11.5 kN

Fu zul./per. =

a =

1000

1000

FuTab

Results

Fu = mg+ma ; Fu =

mg+ma
1000

Fu

Calculation Process

Results

a =

m/s2

9.81

11.5 kN
= 4.05 kN
1.51.21.051.5

Fu Tab
KA SB fn LKH

Fu zul. /per. =

kN

Condition
Fu zul./per. > Fu ; 4.05 kN > 2.44 kN

Condition

= > fullled

Fu zul./per. > Fu ;
Result:

1/2012

Rack

27 30 101

Page ZB-13

Pinion

24 35 220

Page ZB-23
case hardened

Dimensions in mm

kN >

kN

= > fullled

ZD 3

Rack and Pinion Drive - Calculation and Selection

Calculation Example

Your Calculation

Values Given

Values Given

x Lifting Operation

x Lifting Operation

Mass to be Moved

= 300 kg

Mass to be Moved

kg

Speed

= 1.08 m/s

Speed

m/s

Acceleration Time

tb

= 0.7 s

Acceleration Time

tb

= 9.81 m/s

Acceleration Due to Gravity g

Acceleration Due to Gravity g

Load Factor

KA =

Life-Time Factor

fn

SB = 1.2

Safety Coefcient

SB =

LKH = 1.2

Linear Load
Distribution Factor

LKH =

Load Factor

KA = 1.2

Life-Time Factor

fn

Safety Coefcient
Linear Load
Distribution Factor

= 1.1

(Cont. Lubrication)

Calculation Process
a

tb

a =

Fu = mg+ma
1000

Results
1.08
0.27

Fu = 3009.81+3004

9.81

Calculation Process

= 4 m/s
= 4.1 kN

=
tb

Fu

= mg+ma

Results
a =
Fu erf./req. =

m/s

kN

kN

1000

1000

1000

m/s

Assumed feed force: rack C45, ind. hardened, helical,

module 2, pinion 16MnCr5, case hardened, 20 teeth, page
Permissible Feed Force Fu tab
ZA-31 with Futab = 12 kN
Fu Tab
11.5 kN
Fu zul./per. =
; Fu zul./per. =
KA SB fn LKH
1.21.21.11.2
= 5.9 kN

Fu Tab

Fu zul./per. =

; Fu zul./per. =

KA SB fn LKH
Condition

Condition

Fu zul./per. > Fu ; 6.0 kN > 4.1 kN

Result:

ZD 4

=> fullled

Fu zul./per. > Fu ;

Rack

29 20 105

Page ZA-7

Pinion

24 29 520

Page ZA-24

Dimensions in mm

kN >

kN

=> fullled

1/2012