HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Saving energy by solar collector and heat

pump combination in hot water
production in residential and hotel
sectors
Dr. Nguyen Nguyen An, HUST

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

CONTENTS

Energy consumption to produce hot water in

residential and hotel sectors
Current solutions to save energy in hot water
production
Solar collector and heat pump combination in hot
water production (SHCS Solar & Heat pump
Combination System)
Some achievements of SHCS project
Conclusions

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Energy consumption to produce hot

water in Vietnam
Residential Energy Consuption in
Vietnam

Hotel Energy Consumption in

Vietnam

Others
10%

Lighting
20%

Lighting
27%
Lighting

Lighting

Hot water
Air conditioning
Air
conditioning
45%

Others
Hot water
18%

Hot water

Air
conditioning
50%

Air conditioning
Hot water
30%

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Energy consumption to produce hot

water in other country

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Energy consumption to produce hot

water

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Current solutions to save energy in hot

water production

Using solar collector: zero energy consumption

but strongly influenced by weather condition.
Using hot water heat pump (HWHP): low energy
consumption (about 1/3 of resistant element water
heater) but required regularly maintenance.
Using both solar collector and HWHP: working
non-influenced by weather, almost zero energy
consumption,
requirement
of
regularly
maintenance will be reduced but required high
initial cost.

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Solar collector and Heat

Combination System - SHCS

pump

Main ideas of SHCS project:

Reduce the heating capacity (so reduce the initial cost) of
the HWHP by increasing the volume of the hot water
storage tank.
Develop an intelligent controller that can automatically
operate the HWHP based on the amount of hot water
required by the load in future. Currently, the HWHP
controller works based on the set temperature only.
Develop a design tool (dynamic simulation basic) which
can determine the heating capacity of the HWHP from
weather data analysis and the pattern of hot water load.

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Solar collector and Heat

Combination System - SHCS

pump

Goals of SHCS project:

Design, install and test a prototype of SHCS to produce
hot water for a 5-person house in Vietnam.
Design, install and test a prototype of SHCS to produce
hot water for a 220-room, 4-star hotel in Vietnam.
Develop a controller algorithm for SHCS.
Develop a Computer Aided Design (CAD) software for
SHCS.

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Some achievements of
SHCS project

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Prototype of SHCS to produce hot water for a 5person house in Vietnam

Diagram of SHCS

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Prototype of SHCS to produce hot water for a 5person house in Vietnam

System specifications:
- Location: Hanoi capital
- Total volume of hot water storage: 250 liters
- Solar collector type: vacuum tube, D58 mm
- Number of vacuum tube: 20
- Absorption area of solar collector: 2.64 m2
- Heating capacity of HWHP: 950 W (20.4% of usual
requirement of 4.65 kW)
- Heating COP: 3.25
- Daily hot water usage: 150 liters

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Prototype of SHCS to produce hot water for a 5person house in Vietnam

Solar collector:
- Type: vacuum tube,
D58 mm
- Number of
vacuum tube: 20
- Absorption area:
2.64 m2
- Volume of
storage tank: 200 liters

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Prototype of SHCS to produce hot water for a 5person house in Vietnam

Cycle diagram of HWHP:

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Prototype of SHCS to produce hot water for a 5person house in Vietnam

1st Prototype of HWHP

- Compressor: Danfoss,
Model SC-10GH,
Refrigerant R134a,
S.V. 10.29cm3/rev.
- Evaporator: finned tube type
- Condenser: Helical shape heat
exchanger with natural
convective on water side,
HE area 0.226 m2
- Expansion device: capillary tube
- Volume of storage tank: 50 liters

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Prototype of SHCS to produce hot water for a 5person house in Vietnam

2nd Prototype of HWHP

- Compressor: Danfoss,
Model SC-10GH,
Refrigerant R134a,
S.V. 10.29cm3/rev.
- Evaporator: finned-tube type
- Condenser: Helical shape heat
exchanger with natural
convective on water side,
HE area 0.32 m2
- Expansion device: capillary tube
- Volume of storage tank: 50 liters

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Prototype of SHCS to produce hot water for a 5person house in Vietnam

950 W condenser manufacture

for 2nd Prototype
- Condenser type: Helical shape with natural
convective on water side
- Outside diameter of coil: 90 mm
- Height of coil: 550 mm
- Number of revolution: 64
- Total heat exchanger area: 0.32 m2

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Prototype of SHCS to produce hot water for a 5person house in Vietnam

2nd Prototype of HWHP,

Final installation

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Prototype of SHCS to produce hot water for

a 220-room, 4-star hotel in Vietnam

Diagram of SHCS

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Prototype of SHCS to produce hot water for

a 220-room, 4-star hotel in Vietnam

System specifications:
- Location: Nha Trang city
- Total volume of hot water storage: 30 m3 (variable volume)
- Solar collector type: vacuum tube, D58 mm
- Number of collector panel: 27
- Number of vacuum tube per panel: 50
- Total absorption area of collector panels: 186 m2
- Number x Heating capacity of a HWHP: 4 x 18.5 kW
- Total heating capacity of HWHP: 74 kW (34.7% of usual
requirement of 213 kW)
- Heating COP: 3.6
- Daily hot water usage: 13.2 m3

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Prototype of SHCS to produce hot water for

a 220-room, 4-star hotel in Vietnam

Cycle diagram of HWHP:

- Compressor: Bitzer,
4CC-9.2Y,
R134a,
370cm3/rev.
- Evaporator: finned-tube type
- Condenser: shell-tube, multi
body heat exchanger type
- HE area: 2.51 m2
- Expansion device:
thermostatic expansion
valve (Danfoss)

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Prototype of SHCS to produce hot water for

a 220-room, 4-star hotel in Vietnam

18.5 kW condenser manufacture (total HE area 2.51 m2):

- Diameter of shell (outer tube): 54 mm
- Number of shell per heat exchanger: 10
- Diameter of tube: 12.7 mm
- Number of tube per shell/ per heat exchanger: 7/70

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Prototype of SHCS to produce hot water for

a 220-room, 4-star hotel in Vietnam
1st Prototype of HWHP:
- Height: 1450 mm
- Width: 1135 mm
- Depth: 550 mm

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Prototype of SHCS to produce hot water for

a 220-room, 4-star hotel in Vietnam
1st Prototype of HWHP:
- Height: 1450 mm
- Width: 1135 mm
- Depth: 550 mm

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

Conclusions

Method proposed for saving energy in hot water

production in residential and hotel sectors can
provide hot water with very low energy
consumption.
This method can be implemented with reasonable
initial cost by reducing the heating capacity of Hot
Water Heat Pump (HWHP) down to 20.4% and
34.7% for residential and hotel sectors, respectively.
Require further study to verify the HW supplying
capability as well as to determine the payback
period of this method with various applications.

HANOI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (HUST)

National R&D Project

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FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION!