MATHEMATICAL MODELLING

WITH CASE STUDIES

A Differential Equations Approach
Using Maple and MATLAB
Second Edition

Belinda Barnes
Glenn Robert Fulford

CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group an informa business

A C H A P M A N St HALL BOOK

Contents

Preface
Acknowledgements
1 Introduction to mathematical modelling
1.1 Mathematical models
1.2 An overview of the book
1.3 Some modelling approaches
1.4 Modelling for decision-making

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5
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2 Compartmental models
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Exponential decay and radioactivity
2.3 Case Study: Detecting art forgeries
2.4 Case Study: Pacific rats colonise New Zealand
2.5 Lake pollution models
2.6 Case Study: Lake Burley Griffin
2.7 Drug assimilation into the blood
2.8 Case Study: Dull, dizzy or dead?
2.9 Cascades of compartments
2.10 First-order linear DEs
2.11 Equilibrium points and stability
2.12 Case Study: Money, money, money makes the world go around
2.13 Exercises for Chapter 2

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3 Models of single populations

3.1 Exponential growth
3.2 Density dependent growth
3.3 Limited growth with harvesting
3.4 Case Study: Anchovy wipe-out
3.5 Case Study: How can 2 x 106 birds mean rare?
3.6 Discrete population growth and chaos
3.7 Time-delayed regulation
3.8 Case Study: Australian blowflies
3.9 Exercises for Chapter 3

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4 Numerical solution of differential equations

4.1 Introduction
4.2 Basic numerical schemes
4.3 Computer implementation using Maple and MATLAB
4.4 Instability
4.5 Discussion
4.6 Exercises for Chapter 4

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5 Interacting population models

5.1 Introduction
5.2 An epidemic model for influenza
5.3 Predators and prey
5.4 Case Study: Nile Perch catastrophe
5.5 Competing species
5.6 Case Study: Aggressive protection of lerps and nymphs
5.7 Model of a battle
5.8 Case Study: Rise and fall of civilisations
5.9 Exercises for Chapter 5

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Phase-plane analysis
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Phase-plane analysis of epidemic model
6.3 Analysis of a battle model
6.4 Analysis of a predator-prey model
6.5 Analysis of competing species models
6.6 Closed trajectories for the predator-prey
6.7 Case Study: Bacteria battle in the gut
6.8 Exercises for Chapter 6

7 Linearisation analysis
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Linear theory
7.3 Applications of linear theory
7.4 Nonlinear theory
7.5 Applications of nonlinear theory
7.6 Exercises for Chapter 7

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Some extended population models

8.1 Introduction
8.2 Case Study: Competition, predation and diversity
8.3 Extended predator-prey model
8.4 Case Study: Lemming mass suicides?
8.5 Case Study: Prickly-pear meets its moth
8.6 Case Study: Geese defy mathematical convention
8.7 Case Study: Possums threaten New Zealand cows
8.8 Exercises for Chapter 8

9 Formulating basic heat models

9.1 Introduction
9.2 Some basic physical laws
9.3 Model for a hot water heater
9.4 Heat conduction and Fourier's law
9.5 Heat conduction through a wall
9.6 Radial heat conduction
9.7 Heat fins
9.8 Exercises for Chapter 9

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10 Solving time dependent heat problems

10.1 The cooling coffee problem revisited

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10.2
10.3
10.4
10.5
10.6

The hot water heater problem revisited

Case Study: It's hot and stuffy in the attic
Spontaneous combustion
Case Study: Fish and chips explode
Exercises for Chapter 10

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11 Solving heat conduction problems

11.1 Boundary value problems
11.2 Heat loss through a wall
11.3 Case Study: Double glazing: What's it worth?
11.4 Insulating a water pipe
11.5 Cooling a computer chip
11.6 Exercises for Chapter 11

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12 Introduction to partial differential equations

12.1 The heat conduction equation
12.2 Oscillating soil temperatures
12.3 Case Study: Detecting land mines
12.4 Lake pollution revisited
12.5 Exercises for Chapter 12

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A Differential equations
A.l Properties of differential equations
A.2 Solution by inspection
A.3 First-order separable equations
A.4 First-order linear equations and integrating factors
A.5 Homogeneous equations
A.6 Inhomogeneous equations

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Further mathematics
B.l Linear algebra
B.2 Partial derivatives and Taylor expansions
B.3 Review of complex numbers
B.4 Hyperbolic functions
B.5 Integration using partial fractions

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Notes on Maple and MATLAB

C.l Brief introduction to Maple
C.2 Solving differential equations with Maple
C.3 Brief introduction to MATLAB
4 Solving differential equations with MATLAB

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D Units and scaling

D.l Scaling differential equations
D.2 SI Units

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References

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Index

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