Chapter 13 and 14 Multiple choice questions

1. Which two temperature changes are equivalent?

a.
b.
c.
d.

1 K = 1 F
1 F = 1 C
1 C = 1 K
None of the above.

2. A 5.0 cm diameter steel shaft has 0.10 mm clearance all around its bushing at
20C. If the bushing temperature remains constant, at what temperature will
the shaft begin to bind? Steel has a linear expansion coefficient of 11X10-6mm
/C.
a.
b.
c.
d.

383C
333C
53C
680C

L=LoT

.10mm=(11x10-6/C)(25mm)(T)

3. A bimetallic strip, consisting of metal G on the top and metal H on the bottom,
is rigidly attached to a wall at the left. The coefficient of linear thermal
expansion for metal G is greater than that of metal H. If the strip is uniformly
heated, it will
a.
b.
c.
d.

curve upward.
curve downward.
remain horizontal, but get longer.
bend in the middle.

4. 4. An aluminum rod 17.4 cm long at 20C is heated to 100C. What is its new
length? Aluminum
has a linear expansion coefficient of 25X10-6 mm /C.
a.
b.
c.
d.

17.435 cm L=LoT
17.365 cm
0.348 cm
0.0348 cm

L =(25x10-6 mm/C)(174mm)(C)

5. Consider a flat steel plate with a hole through its center. When the plate's
temperature is increased, the hole will
a.
b.
c.
d.

expand only if it takes up more than half the plate's surface area.
contract if it takes up less than half the plate's surface area.
always contract.
always expand.

6. If the pressure acting on an ideal gas at constant temperature is tripled, its

volume is
a.
b.
c.
d.

reduced to one-third.
increased by a factor of three.
increased by a factor of two.
reduced to one-half.

7. An ideal gas occupies 400 cm3 at an absolute pressure of 250 kPa. If the
volume is changed to 100 cm3 at constant temperature, what will be the new
gauge pressure?
a.
b.
c.
d.

1000 kPa
899 kPa
164 kPa
62.5 kPa

(250 kPa) 400 cm3 = 1000 kPa

100 cm3
A decrease in volume at constant temperature
causes an increase in presssure

8. An ideal gas occupies 600 cm3 at 20C. At what temperature will it occupy
1200 cm3 if the pressure remains constant?
a.
b.
c.
d.

10C
40C
100C
313C

600 cm3 = 1200 cm3

293 K

b.
c.
d.

N m3 = N m = J
m2

9. The dimension of PV is
a.

x=586 K 273 313oC

[force]
[energy]
[energy/temperature]
[Force/Temperature]

10.
A container holds N molecules of an ideal gas at a given temperature. If
the number of molecules in the container is increased to 2N with no change in
temperature or volume, the pressure in the container
a.

b.
c.
d.

doubles.
volume
remains constant.
is cut in half.
None of the above.

PV=nRT

Pressure is directly related to

11.
According to the ideal gas Law, PV = constant for a given temperature.
As a result, an increase in volume corresponds to a decrease in pressure. This
happens because the molecules

a.
b.
c.
d.

collide with each other more frequently.

move slower on the average.
strike the container wall less often.
transfer less energy to the walls of the container each time they strike
it.

12.
Oxygen molecules are 16 times more massive than hydrogen molecules.
At a given temperature, the average molecular kinetic energy of oxygen,
compared to hydrogen
a.
b.
c.

d.

is greater.
is less.
is the same. K.E. average = 3/2 KbT - therefore K.E. is only
temperature dependent
cannot be determined since pressure and volume are not given.

13.
If the temperature of a gas is increased from 20C to 40C, by what
factor does the speed of the molecules increase?
a.

b.

c.
d.

3%
3.4 %
30%

v=

3/2 RT

313 K

293 K *

) 100

M
293 K

70%
100%

14.
A sample of an ideal gas is heated and its Kelvin temperature doubles.
What happens to the average speed of the molecules in the sample?
a.
b.
c.
d.

It does not change.

It doubles.
It halves.
None of the above. The average speed increases by the square
root of 2.

15.
The absolute temperature of an ideal gas is directly proportional to
which of the following?
a.
b.
c.
d.

speed
momentum
kinetic energy
mass

K.E.=3/2 KBT

16.
In order to double the average speed of the molecules in a given sample
of gas, the temperature (measured in Kelvins) must
a.
b.
c.
d.

17.

quadruple.
reduce to one-fourth its original value.
reduce to one-half its original value.
double.

A molecule has a speed of 500 m/s at 20C. What is its speed at 80C?
a.
b.
c.
d.

500 m/s
550 m/s
1000 m/s
2000 m/s

(80 oC + 273)
500m/s = 549 m/s
0
(20 C + 273)

18.
What temperature is the average kinetic energy of an atom in helium
gas equal to 6.21X10-21 J?
a.
b.
c.
d.

200 K
250 K
300 K
350 K

K.E.=3/2 KBT

2 6.21x10-21 J
3 1.38x10-23 J/K

= 300 k

19.
A container holds oxygen and helium gases at the same temperature.
Which one of the following statements is correct?
a.
b.
c.
d.

The oxygen molecues have the greater kinetic energy.

The helium molecules have the greater kinetic energy.
The oxygen molecules have the greater speed.
The helium molecules have the greater speed. V =

3RT
M

20.
The molecular kinetic energy of a gas can be determined by knowing
only
a.
b.
c.
d.

the number of molecules in the gas.

the volume of the gas.
the pressure of the gas.
the temperature of the gas.

K.E. = 3/2 kb T

21.
A container is filled with a mixture of helium and oxygen gases. A
thermometer in the container indicates that the temperature is 22C. Which
gas molecules have the greater average speed?
a.

The helium molecules do because they are monatomic.

b.
c.
d.

It is the same for both because the temperatures are the same.
The oxygen molecules do because they are more massive.
The helium molecules do because they are less massive.

22.
A cup of water is scooped up from a swimming pool of water. Compare
the temperature T and the internal energy U of the water, in both the cup and
the swimming pool.
a.
b.
c.
d.

TPool is greater than TCup, and the U is the same.

TPool is less than TCup, and the U is the same.
TPool is equal to TCup, and UPool is greater than UCup.
TPool is equal to TCup, and UPool is less than UCup.

23.
Gasoline yields 4.8X107joules per kg when burned. The density of
gasoline is approximately the same as that of water, and 1 gal = 3.8 L. How
much energy does your car use on a trip of 100 mi if you get 25 mi per gallon?
a.
b.
c.
d.

24.

3.7X108 J
4.6X108 J
6.2X108 J
7.3X108 J

4 gal ( 3.8 L ) ( 1 kg ) 4.8 x10 7 J =

( 1 gal ) ( 1 L )
K

The internal energy of an ideal gas depends on

a.
b.
c.
d.

its volume.
its pressure.
its temperature.
all of the above.

25.
An ideal gas at STP is first compressed until its volume is half the initial
volume, and then it is allowed to expand until its pressure is half the initial
pressure. All of this is done while holding the temperature constant. If the
initial internal energy of the gas is U, the final internal energy of the gas will
be
a.
b.
c.
d.

U.
U/3.
U/2.
2U.

26.
Heat is added to an ideal gas at 20C. If the internal energy of the gas
increases by a factor of three during this process, what is the final
temperature?
a.
60C
b.
66C
c.
600C
U=3/2 NkT
or U = 3/2 nRT
d.
606C

27.
The water flowing over Niagara Falls drops a distance of 50 m.
Assuming that all the gravitational energy is converted to thermal energy, by
what temperature does the water rise?
a.
b.
c.
d.

0.10 C
0.12 C
0.37 C
0.42 C

G.P.E = Q

mgy = m c T
gy = c T
2
9.8 m/s (50m)= .12 oC
4180 J/Kg

28.
A person tries to heat up her bath water by adding 5.0 L of water at
80C to 60 L of water at 30C. What is the final temperature of the water?
a.
b.
c.
d.

34C
36C
38C
40C

29.
A 200-L electric water heater uses 2 kW. Assuming no heat loss, how
long would it take to heat water in this tank from 23C to 75C?
a.
b.
c.
d.

5 hours
6 hours
7 hours
8 hours

30.
In grinding a steel knife blade (specific heat = 0.11 cal/g-C), the metal
can get as hot as 400C. If the blade has a mass of 80 g, what is the
minimum amount of water needed at 20C if the water is not to rise above the
boiling point when the hot blade is quenched in it?
a.
b.
c.
d.

22 g
33 g
44 g
55 g