Answer Chem P Score X A Plus Module 2013

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JAWAPAN
MODUL PERFECT SCORE &
X A-PLUS
2013
CHEMISTRY
Set
Set
Set
Set
Set
1
2
3
4
5
Perfect Score & X A Plus Module/mark scheme 2013
MODULE PERFECT SCORE & X A-PLUS 2013
SET 1 :THE STRUCTURE OF ATOM, PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS AND

CHEMICAL BONDS
Question No
1
(a)
(i)
Mark schemes
Melting
(ii) Molecule
(b)
Mark
1
The heat energy absorbed by the particles is used to overcome the forces of attraction
between the naphthalene molecules / particles.

(c)
(d)
(i)
The particles move faster
X : electron
Y : nucleus
(ii) Electron
(i)
(e)
W and X
(ii) W and X atom have different number of neutrons but same number of protons
1+1
Atom// Element W and X has different nucleon number but same proton number
%
Question No
2
(a)
Mark schemes
No of electrons = 18, No of neutrons = 22
(b)
(c)
Mark
1+1
(i)
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
(ii)
40
(i)
2.1
(ii)
XX
3p
4n
Xe
X
e
(d)
(i)
W and Y
(ii)
Atom W and Y have the same number of valence electrons
(iii) To estimate the age of fossils /artefacts.
1
%
Question No.
3
(a)
Mark Scheme
Marks
(i)
Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
(ii)
35 18 = 17
(iii)
shows nucleus and three shells occupied with electron
1 +1
Label 12 proton, 12 neutron
(b)
(iv)
Number of electrons = 2
(i)
Liquid
1
...5
1
(ii)
1+1
R
...3
(c)
Temperature/ oC
90
67
1+1
Time/s
1st mark - Label X and Y axis with correct unit
2 nd mark - Correct shape of curve
10
a)
b)
(i)
(ii)
Atom F has achieve stable/octet electron arrangement // has 8 valence electron
2DOH +
2D
+
2H2O
H2
Correct reactant & correct product
Balance equation
The nuclei attraction towards the valence electrons is weaker in atom G.
More easier for atom G to lose / release an electron to form a positively charged ion.
(i)
(ii)
c)
(i)
1
1+1
1
Covalent bond
(ii)
E
Y
x
x
1
1
X
Y
x
x
E
Y
x
(iii)
(d)
Cannot conduct electricity at any state/ low melting and boiling point/....
Show coloured ion//formed complex ion//has various oxidation number//act as

catalyst
1
11
(a)
(b)
Increasing of proton number.
(i)
Na/sodium, Mg/magnesium ....
(ii)
Atomic size decreases across the period // Period 3.
(iii)
1. Number of protons in atom increases when across the period.

2. Force of attraction between nucleus and electrons in the shell is stronger.
1+1
Chlorine more reactive than bromine

Size of chlorine atom is smaller than bromine atom
Chlorine atom is easier to receive one electron
Al3+
Ionic compound
1+1
(c)
(d)
(e)
(i)
(ii)
..4
1
1
1+1
11
(a)
(b)
P : liquid
(i)
Q : solid
R : gas
1. P can be change to Q through freezing process.

2. When the liquid cooled, the particles in liquid lose energy and move slower.
3. As temperature drops, the liquid particles attract tone another and change
into solid
(ii)
1. P can change to R through boiling.

2. When liquid is heated, the particles of the liquid gain kinetic energy and
1 +1+1
1
1
1
1
1
move faster as the temperature increase
3. The particles have enough energy to overcome the forces between them
and gas is formed
(iii)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
1. R can be change to P through condensation process.

2. When the gas cooled, the particles in gas lose energy and move slower.
3. Particles attract one another and change into liquid
1. Uniform scale for X-axis and Y-axis and labelled/size of graph plotted of
graph paper.
2. Tranfer of point
3. Smooth curve
1. Dotted line on the graph from the horizontal line to Y-axis at 80 oC.
2. Arrow mark freezing point at 80oC
1. Heat released to sorrounding
2. Is balanced when particles comes together to form a solid
Supercooling
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
20
Question No.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(i)
Mark Scheme
Atom R is located in Group 17, Period 3
Electron arrangement of atom R is 2.8.7.
Group 17 because it has seven valence electron.
Period 3 because it has three shells filled with electron
Atoms P and R form covalent bond.
To achieve the stable electron arrangement,
atom P needs 4 electrons while atom R needs one electron.
Thus, atom P shares 4 pairs of electrons with 4 atoms of R,
forming a molecule with the formula PR 4// diagram
Mark
1 +1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
(ii)
Atom Q and atom R form ionic bond.

Electron arrangement for atom Q is 2.8.1 and electron arrangement for
atom R is 2.8.7// Atom Q has 1 valence electron while atow R has 7
valence electron
To achieve a stable (octet ) electron arrangement,
atom Q donates 1 electron to form a positive ion// equation
Q
Q+ + e
1
1
Atom R receives an electron to form ion R-//equation and achieve a stable

octet electron arrangement.
R+e
R-
1
1
Ion Q+ and ion R- are attracted together by the strong electrostatic forces
to form a compound with the formula QR// diagram
--
+
Q
Question
No
8
(a)
(b)
Mark scheme
Mark
12 represents the nucleon number.

6 represents the proton number.
1
1
Able to draw the structure of an atom elements X.

The diagram should be able to show the following informations:
1. correct number and position of proton in the nucleus/ at the
centre of the atom.
2. correct number and position of neutron in the nucleus/ at the
centre of the atom.
3. correct number and position of electron circulating the
nucleus
4. correct number of valence electrons
Sample answer:
- 4
e
e-
ee-
11p 1
2
12n
e-
e- 3
e-
ee-
e-
or
ee-
11p + 12n
e-
ee-
e-
eee-
e-
1
1
1
1
(c)
(i)
Atoms W and Y form covalent bond.

To achieve the stable electron arrangement,
atom W contributes 4 electrons while atom Y contributes one electron for
sharing.
Thus, atom W shares 4 pairs of electrons with 4 atoms of Y,
forming a molecule with the formula WY4// diagram
1
1
1
1
1
(ii)
Atom X and atom Y form ionic bond.

Electron arrangement for atom X is 2.8.1 and electron arrangement for atom Y
is 2.8.7
To achieve a stable (octet )electron arrangement,
atom X donates 1 electron to form a positive ion // equation
X
X+ + e
Atom Y receives an electron to form ion Y -//equation and achieve a stable octet
electron arrangement.
Y+e
Y+
Ion X and ion Y are attracted together by the strong electrostatic forces to
form a compound with the formula XY// diagram
(d)
1
1
1
1
+
X
The melting point of the ionic compound/ (b)(ii) is higher than that of the covalent
compound/ (b)(i) .
This is because in ionic compounds oppositely ions are held by strong electrostatic
forces.
High energy is needed to overcome these forces.
In covalent compounds, molecules are held by weak intermolecular forces.
Only a little energy is required to overcome the attractive forces.
OR
The ionic compound/(b)(ii) conducts electricity in the molten or aqueous state
whereas the covalent compound/(b)(i) does not conduct electricity.
This is because in the molten or aqueous state, ionic compounds consist of freely
moving ions
carry electrical charges.
Covalent compounds are made up of molecules only
1
1
1
1
1
or
1
1
1
1
1
20
(a)
(i)
1. Correct number of shells and valence electrons

2. Black dot or label Q at the center of the atom
(b)
(ii)
1.
2.
3.
4.
(i)
1. Floats and moves fast on the water

2. +LVV VRXQG RFFXUV
3. Gas liberates / bubble
(ii)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
Group 14
There are 4 valence electrons
Period 2
Atom consists of 2 shells occupied with electrons
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
[any two]
2Q + 2H2O 2QOH + H 2
1. Correct reactant and product
2. Balanced equation
Compound X
Sharing electron between atom B and A
Choose any one ionic compound and any one covalent compound.
1
1
1
1
Melting/boiling point
Ionic compound
High
force of attraction between
oppositely charged ions are
strong.
3. more heat energy needs to
overcome the forces.
Electrical conductivity
1.
2.
4.
5.
Ionic compound
Conduct in molten state
or aqueous solution.
The free moving ions are
able to carry electrical
charges.
Covalent compound
low
force of attraction between
molecules are weak.
less heat energy needs to
overcome the forces.
1
1
1
1
Covalent compound
Not conduct electricity.
1
1
1
Neutral molecules are not

able to carry electrical
charges.
Solubility
6
7
Ionic compound
Soluble in water.
Water molecule is
polar solvent.
Covalent compound
soluble in benzene/ toluene /
any organic solvents.
The attraction forces between
molecules in solute and
solvent are the same.
20
10
(i)
Types of
chemical
bonds
Boiling
point and
melting
point
Compound formed between X

and Y
Molecule formed between Z and

Y
Ionic bond is formed because X

atom donates electrons and Y
atom receives electrons to
achieve stable octet electron
arrangement/involve transfer
electron
High because a lot of heat
energy needed to overcome the
strong electrostatic forces
between ions
Covalent bond is formed because

Z and Y atoms share the
electrons to achieve stable
electron arrangement //
Inovelve sharing of electron

Low because less heat energy is
needed to overcome the weak
forces of attraction between
molecules
1.Correct electron arrangement of 2 ions

2.Correct charges and nuclei are shown
2+
XX
XX
XX
X
XX
(b)
X
XX
X
XX
XX
X
2+
2-
XX
X
XX
X
XX
X
Y2-
3. X atom with an electron arrangement of 2.8.2 donates 2 valence electrons to
achieve the stable octet electron arrangement, 2.8. X 2+ ion is formed //

X
X2+ + 2e-
4. Y atom with an electron arrangement of 2.6 accept 2 electrons to achieve the
5. The oppositely-charged ions, X2+ and Y2- are attracted to each other by a strong
1
1
stable octet electron arrangement, 2.8. Y 2- ion is formed //

Y + 2e Y2-
electrostatic force.
6. An ionic compound XY is formed
10
1
1
(c)
1. A crucible is filled with solid P until it is half full.

2. Two carbon electrodes are dipped in the solid P and connected to the batteries
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
using connecting wire.

Switch is turned on and observation is recorded.
The solid P is then heated until it melts completely.
The switch is turned on again and observation is recorded.
Steps 1 to 5 are repeated using solid Q to replace solid P.
Observations:
P does not light up the bulb in both solid and molten states.
Q lights up the bulb in molten state only.
P: naphthalene // any suitable answer

Q: lead(II) bromide // any suitable answer
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
20
11
(a)
(i)
Z : 2.8.7
X : 2.4
(ii)
Z atom has 7 valence electrons needs one electron

X atom has 4 valence electrons ,hence it needs 4 more electron
each atom achieves stable octet electron arrangement
share electrons between them
four Z atoms , each contributes 1 electron // [ diagram
one X atom contributes 4 electrons //[diagram]
- four single covalent bonds are formed
- the molecular formula is XZ4
- diagram
[ no. of electrons in all the occupied shells in the X
and Z atoms - correct]
[ sharing of 4 pairs of single covalent bonds between 1 X atom and 4 Z atoms ]
(iii) Colourless liquid

b)
[Procedures of the experiment]
eg.
1. Add a quarter of spatula of YZ solid and add into a test tube.
2. Pour 2-5 cm3of distilled water into the test tube containing theYZ
3. Stopper the test tube and shake well.
4. Repeat Steps 1 to 3 using [ named organic solvent eg ether ]
5. Observe the changes and record them in a table
.
[Results]
Eg
Solvent
Distilled water
[named organic solvent]
e.g ether
Observation
Colourless solution obtained
Solid crystals insoluble in
liquid
1
1
1
1
1
..10
1
[Conclusion]
eg
ZY is insoluble in organic solvent/[named organic solvent] but soluble in water.
11
1
1
..2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
..7
No
12 (a)(i)
(ii)
(b)
(c)
Explanation
Y more reactive
Atomic size of Y bigger than X // The number of shell occupied with
electron atom Y more than X.
The single valence electron becomes further away from the nucleus.
the valence electron becomes weakly pulled by the nucleus.
The valence electron can be released more easily.
Name : Sodium
4Na + O2 2Na2O
Chemical formulae
Balance equation
Put group1 metal into bottle that contain paraffin oil
Group 1 metal readily reacts with air/moisture in atmosphere/ water
Name
: Sodium/any group 1 element
Material : group 1 elements, water,
Apparatus : forceps , knife, filter paper, basin, litmus paper.
[procedure]
3. Pour some water into the basin
4. Group 1 metal is take out from paraffin oil using forceps
5. A small piece of group 1 element is cut using a small knife
6. Oil on group 1 element is dried using a filter paper
7. The group 1 element is placed in the basin contain water.
8. Dip a red litmus paper into water
[observation]
9. Color of red litmus paper turn to blue
[chemical equation ]
Sample answer
2 Na + 2 H 2O 2NaOH + H2
Chemical formulae
Balance equation
No
13. (a)
(b)
(c)
Explanation
Glucose // naphthalene // any solid covalent compound

covalent
Intermolecular forces are weak
Small amount of heat energy needed to overcomes the forces
X = 2.1
X = 2.2
Y = 2.7
//
Y = 2.6
//
1. Suitable electron aranggement
2. Ionic bond
3. to achieve octet electron arrangement
+
4. One atom of X donates 1 electron to form ion X
5. One atom of Y receives an electron to form ion Y
+
6. Ion X and ion Y are attracted together by the strong
electrostatic forces
material and apparatus;
compound XY, Carbon electrode, cell, wire, crucible,
bulb/ammeter/galvanometer
12
Sub
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Total
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Max 5
1
1
1
Total
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
20
Total
Procedure
A crucible is half fill with solid XY powder
Dipped two carbon electrode
Connect the electrodes with connecting wire to the battery and
bulb
Observed whether bulb glow
Heated the solid XY in the crucible
Observed whether bulb glow
Observation
Solid XY - bulb does not glow
Molten XY - bulb glow
Diagram
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Functional diagram
Labeled
TOTAL
20
SET 1:CHEMICAL FORMULAE AND EQUATIONS
Question No
Mark scheme
(a)
Molar mass is the mass of a substance that contains one mole of the substance.
Example : Molar mass of one mole of magnesium is 24gmol -1 .
(b)
Substance
N2
Molar mass / gmol-1

14x2
= 28
CO2
12+2(16) = 44
H2S
2(1)+ 32 = 34
H2O
2(1)+16
Mark
1
= 18
1
(c)
Mole of water
= 0.9/ 18 = 0.05
Number of molecules
= 0.05 x 6.02 x 10 23
= 0.3 x 1023 // 3 x 1022
Mole of carbon dioxide = 2.2 / 44 = 0.05
13
1
1
1
= 0.05 x 6.02 x 1023
Number of molecules
= 0.3 x 1023 // 3 x 1022
Number of molecule is simmilar
(a)
(b)
(i)
Volume CO
= 0.1 mol x 24dm 3mol
-1
= 2.4 dm3
= 4.4 g
-1
(ii)
Mass of CO2
(iii)
Number of molecules = 0.1 mol x 6.02 x 10 23
(iv)
Number of atoms
= 6.02 x 1022 x 3
= 1.806 x 10 23
Heating, cooling and weighing processes are repeated a few
constant mass is obtained.
1+1
(i)
= 0.1 mol x 44 gmol
times until a
(ii)
Compound
Mass/g
Number of moles
Anhydrous CoCl2
H2O
(34.10-31.50)g
= 2.60 g
2.60/130 = 0.02
(36.26-34.10)g
= 2.16 g
2.16/18 = 0.12
0.02/0.02 = 1
0.12/0.02 = 6
Ratio of moles
Simplest ratio of moles
1 mole of CoCl2combines with 6 moles of H O

2
Therefore, the molecular formula of hydrated cobalt(II) chloride
crystal is CoCl2.6H 2O.
Hence, the value of x in CoCl2.xH 2O is 6.
(iii)
Percentage of water
1
=
(6
18)
x 100%
59 2(35.5) 6(18)
= 108 x 100%
238
45.4%
Total
(a)
(b)
14
10
(i)
concentrated sulphuric acid
(ii)
zink and hydrochloric acid[ any suitable metal and acid ]
(iii)
Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2
(i)
Mole of oxygen = 46.35 - 45.15

16
= 1.2
= 0.075
16
Mole of copper = 45.15 - 40.35

64
= 4.8 = 0.075
64
Empirical formula = CuO
(i)
Collect the hydrogen gas in a test tube

Put a burning wooden splinter at the mouth of the test tube
1R SRS VRXQG SURGXFHG
1
1
1
(ii)
To avoid the hot copper react with oxygen/air
(iii)
Repeat heating, cooling and weighing processes until a constant mass obtained.
(ii)
(iii)
(c)
Total
(a)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(i)
Pb(NO3) 2
AgCl
Pb2+ + 2 Cl- PbCl2
11
1
1
1+1
Correct formula for reactants and product

Balance ionic equation
(ii)
Qualitative aspect :
Lead(II) nitrate and sodium chloride are the reactants and lead
(II) chloride and sodium nitrate are the products //
Lead(II) nitrate solution reacts with sodium chloride solution to form lead(II)
chloride precipitate and sodium nitrate solution.
Quantitative aspect :
One mole of lead(II) nitrate reacts with 2 mole sodium chloride to
produce 1 mole of lead(II) chloride and 2 mole of sodium nitrate.
(c)
(i)
2 Pb(NO3) 2 2 PbO
+ 4NO2 + O2
Compound
Colour of the
residue when
hot
Colour of the
residue when
cold
PbO
Brown
Yellow
Gases
Colour of the gas released
NO2
Brown
O2
Colourless
1
Total
15
10
No
Explanation
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(i)
(c)
3+
Mark
1+ 1
1+1
4+
Al , Pb
Aluminium oxide
Lead(IV) oxide
(CH2O)n = 60
12n + 2n + 16n = 60
n= 2
Molecular formula = C2H 4O 2//CH 3COOH
(ii)
CaCO3+ 2CH COOH

3
(i)
1.Green solid turn Black

2. Lime water becomes cloudy
(ii)
CuCO3
CuO +
1
1
1
(CH3COO) 2Ca + H O2 + CO
1
1
CO2
1+1
(iii) 1. 1 mol of copper(II) carbonate decomposed into 1 mol of copper(II) oxide and
1 mol of carbon dioxide
2. copper(II) carbonate is in solid state, copper(II) oxide is in solid state and
carbon dioxide is in gaseous state
(iv)
1. No. of mole for CuCO3 = 12.4 / 124 = 0.1 mol

2. 1 mol of CuCO3produces 1 mol of CuO
Therefor No. of mole for CuO = 0.1 mol
3. Mass of CuO = 0.1 mol X 80 g mol-1 = 8 g
1
1
Mass of oxygen is 0.8g

Simplest mol ratio : Cu : O = 3.2/64 : 0.8/16 = 1 : 1
1
1
(v)
20
Mark
(a)
(i)
(ii)
16
Empirical formula of a compound is a formula that shows the simplest whole

number ratio of each atoms of each element in a compound.
(ii)
Substance
C10H 8
Empirical formula
C5H 4
H2SO 4
H2SO 4
(b)
Element
Percentage (%)
Mass/ g
Mole
Simplest mole
ratio
Carbon
62.07
62.07
62.07/12
= 5.17
5.17/1.72
=3
Hydrogen
10.34
10.34
10.34/1
= 10.34
Oxygen
27.59
27.59
27.59/16
= 1.72
10.34/1.72
= 6
1.72/1.72
=1
Empirical formula = C H
3 O
6
1
n [C3H 6O ] = 116
[ 3(12) + 6(1) + 16 ] n = 116
58 n = 116
n=2
Molecular formula = C 6H 12O
(c)
1
1
Procedure :
1. Clean magnesium ribbon with sand paper.
2.Weigh crucible and its lid.
3. Put magnesium ribbon into the crucible and weigh the crucible with its lid.
4. Heat strongly the crucible without its lid.
5. Cover the crucible when the magnesium starts to burn and lift/raise the lid a
little at intervals.
6. Remove the lid when the magnesium burnt completely.
7.Heat strongly the crucible for a few minutes.
8.Cool and weigh the crucible with its lid and the content.
9. Repeat the processes of heating, cooling and weighing until a constant mass
is obtained.
10.Record all the mass.
10
Tabulation of result :
Description
Crucible + lid
Crucible + lid + magnesium
Crucible + lid + magnesium oxide
Element
Mass / g
Mole
Simplest ratio of
mole
Empirical formula =
Magnesium
b-a
b-a/ 24
x
Mass/ g
a
b
c
Oxygen
c-b
c-b / 16
y
1
1
MgxO y
Total
17
Max
11
20
No
7. (a)
Sub
1. Empirical formula is the chemical formula that shows the simplest ratio of
atoms of each element in the compound.
2. Molecular formula is the formula that shows the actual number of atoms of
1
1
each element in the compound.
3. Example : empirical formula of ethene is CH and

2 the molecular formula is
C2H 4
(b)(i)
Element
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Percentage
40.00
6.66
53.33
Number of
moles
Ratio of moles
40
12
Empirical formula is CH2O

n(CH2O) = 180
12n + 2n + 16n = 180
30n = 180
n=6
molecular formula = C 6H 12O
(ii)
(c)(i)
(ii)
(iii)
6.66
1
3.33
6.66
53.33
16
3.33
1
1
Magnesium is more reactive than hydrogen//Position of magnesium is above

hydrogen in the reactivity series
Lead(II) oxide / Stanum oxide / iron oxide / copper(II) oxide
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Clean [5 15] cm magnesium ribbon with sandpaper and coil it.

Weigh an empty crucible with its lid.
Place the magnesium in the crucible and weigh again.
Record the reading.
Heat the crucible very strongly.
Open and close the lid very quickly.
When burning is complete stop the heating
Let the crucible cool and then weigh it again
The heating, cooling and weighing process is repeated until a constant mass is
recorded.
10.
Description
Mass(g)
10
Crucible + lid
Crucible + lid + Mg / Zn / Al
Crucible + lid + MgO / ZnO / Al 2O 3
Total
18
20
SET 2 :ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Question
No
1(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)(i)
(ii)
(e)
(f)
(g)
2(a)(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(b)(i)
Mark scheme
Mark
Electrical to chemical energy / Tenaga elektrik kepada tenaga kimia

Pure copper / Kuprum tulen
Cu2+ and H+
Become thicker / brown solid formed
Bertambah tebal / pepejal perang terbentuk
Cu2+ + 2e Cu
Blue solution remain unchanged // the intensity of blue solution is the same.
Larutan biru tidak berubah // keamatan warna biru larutan adalah sama.
(i) the concentration of Cu2+ ions remains the same.
kepekatan ion kuprum(II) tidak berubah
(ii) the rate of ionized copper at the anode same as the rate of discharged copper(II)
ion at the cathode .
kadar pengionan kuprum di anode sama dengan kadar ion kuprum(II)
dinyahcaskan di katod
Oxidation / pengoksidaan
Copper atom released electron to form copper(II) ion.
Atom kuprum menderMarkan / membebaskan elektron menghasilkan ion kuprum(II).
Electroplating of metal // extraction of metal
Penyaduran logam // pengekstrakan logam
Total
1
1
1
1
1
Chloride ion / Cl- , hydroxide ion / OH- , sodium ion / Na+and hydrogen ion / H +
Ion klorida / Cl-, ion hidroksida /OH -, ion natrium , Na +dan ion hidrogen / H +
Cl- . The concentration of chloride ion is higher than hydroxide ion.
Cl- . Kepekatan ion klorida lebih tinggi daripada ion hidroksida
2Cl- Cl2 + 2e
Hydrogen gas
Gas hidrogen
(ii)
(iii)
19
1
1
1
1
1
11
1
1+1
1
Oxygen gas
Gas oksigen
Sodium sulphate
solution
Larutan natrium
sulfat
Functional 1
Label
- 1
Carbon electrodes
Elektrod karbon
A
place lighted splinter at the mouth of the test tube containing hydrogen gas
SRS VRXQG SURGXFHG
Letakkan kayu uji menyala ke dalam tabung uji berisi gas hydrogen
BXQ\L SRS WeUKaVLO
Sodium ion and hydrogen ions move to the cathode, hydrogen ion is selectively
discharged
hydrogen ion is lower than sodium ion in the Electrochemical Series.
Ion natrium dan ion hydrogen bergerak / tertarik ke katod, ion hidrogen terpilih
untuk nyahcas / discas
Ion hidrogen terletak di bawah ion natrium dalam Siri Elektrokimia
Total
1
1
1
1
1
1
11
Question
Mark scheme
No
3(a)
Cu2+ , H+
(b)
Carbon electrode which connect to copper electrode in cell A.
Because oxidation takes place
Elektrod karbon yang disambung kepada elektrod kuprum dalam sell A
Kerana proses pengoksidaan berlaku
(c)(i)
X silver electrode / elektrod argentum
Y impure silver electrode / elektrod argentum tak tulen
(ii)
Ag+ + e Ag
(d)(i)
- The electrode become thinner
- Silver atom ionized / silver atom oxidized to form silver ion
- elektrod seMarkin nipis
- atom argentum mengion / atom argentum dioksidakan membentuk argentum ion.
(ii)
Y : Ag Ag+ + e
Z : Ag + + e Ag
(e)
The waste chemicals emitted contain poisonous heavy metal ions and cyanide ions / alter
the pH of water.
Bahan buangan kimia dibebaskan mengandungi logam berat yang beracun dan sianid /
mengubah nilai pH air
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
11
Question
Mark scheme
No
4(a)(i)
Lead(II) ion// Pb ,2+bromide ion// Br Ion plumbum(II)// Pb2+, ion bromida// Br (ii)
Sodium ion // Na+, hydrogen ion// H +, sulphate ion// SO 42-, hydroxide ion//OHion natrium // Na +, ion hidrogen// H +, ion sulfat // SO 42-, ion hidroksida //OH (b)(i)
Lead / Plumbum
Mark
1
1
1
(ii)
Pb2+ + 2e Pb
(iii)
Brown gas / Gas berwarna perang
(c)(i)
hydroxide ion / ion hidroksida
(ii)
Anode
: Oxygen gas
anod
: Gas oksigen
Cathode : hydrogen gas
Katod
: gas hidrogen
Sodium nitrate solution // sulphuric acid
Larutan natrium nitrat // asid sulfurik
(Any suitable electrolyte)
(iii)
1
9
20
Rubric
(i) Q, R, S , Cu
5(a)
Mark
1

1
1
1
..... 3
1
1
1
(ii) positive terminal

: Cu
Potential difference : 0.7 V
S is higher than Cu in the Electrochemical Series
(b)
(i) positive terminal : copper / Cu

Negative terminal : Metal P
(ii) metal P : Zinc / Zn // Magnesium/Mg
(any suitable metal)
Solution Q : Zinc sulphate // magnesium sulphate
(any suitable electrolyte)
(c)
1
..... 4
(i) anode
: greenish yellow gas
cathode : colourless gas (bubbles)
1
1

1
1

(ii) gas X : hydrogen

gas Y : chlorine
(iii)
Anode
Hydroxide ion/OHChloride ion/Cl-
Cathode
Hydrogen ion/H+,
Potassium ion/K+
Ions selectively
discharged
Reason
Cl-
H+
Concentration Cl- higher

than OH-
Half equation
2Cl- Cl2 + 2e
Position of hydrogen
ion/H+is lower than
potassium ion/K+in the
Electrochemical Series.
2H+ + 2e H2
Ions move to / ion

attracted to
1+1
1+1
1+1
1+1

Total
Question
Mark scheme
No
6(a)
(i) Substance R : Glucose / ethanol (any suitable covalent compound)
Substance S : Sodium chloride solution ( any salt solution / acid / alkali)
20
Mark
1
1

(ii) 1. S conducts electricity but R does not

2. S has free moving ions // ions free to move
3. R consists of molecules / no free moving ions
1
1
1

(b)
(i) negative terminal : zinc

positive terminal : copper
1
1

(ii) 1. zinc electrode become thinner

2. Zn Zn2+ + 2e
1
1

(iii) 1. the potential difference decreases

2. iron is lower than zinc in the Electrochemical Series //
iron is less electropositive than zinc // distance between iron and
21
1
1
(c)
copper is shorter than distance between zinc and copper in the

Electrochemical Series
(i) Sample answer
Lead(II) bromide / lead(II) iodide /sodium chloride/sodium iodide
(any suitable ionic compound)
r : substance that decompose when heated.
Example : lead(II) nitrate, lead(II) carbonate

1
(ii)
PbI2// PbBr //2

NaCl
Carbon electrodes
Elektrod karbon
Heat
Panaskan
Diagram:
Functional
Label
Observation:
Anode : brown gas
Cathode: grey solid
1
1
Note :
Observations and half-equations are
based on the substance suggested.
1
1
Half equation:
Anode : 2Br - Br 2 + 2e
Cathode : Pb 2+ + 2e Pb
1
1
Product:
Anode : lead
Cathode : bromine gas
1
1

Total
Question
No
7(a)
Sample answer
Silver nitrate solution
Mark scheme
20
Mark
1
Silver
Iron spoon
(b)
22
Silver nitrate solution
Functional 1
Label - 1
1
1
Anode : Ag Ag++ e
Cathode : Ag+ + e Ag
1
1

1. metal X is more electropositive than copper // X is higher than copper in the

(c)
2. atom X oxidises to X ion // atom X releases electron

3. copper(II) ion accepts electron to form copper
4. the concentration of copper(II) ion decreases
5. metal Y is less electropositive than copper // Y is lower than copper in the
Material
0.5 mol dm-3 of P nitrate, Q nitrate, R nitrate, S nitrate solutions, metal P, Q, R and S
1
1
1
1

Apparatus
Test tube, test tube rack, sand paper
Procedure
1. Clean the metal strips with sand paper
2. Pour 5 cm3of P nitrate solution , R nitrate solution , S nitrate solution into different
test tubes.
3. Place a strip of metal P into each test tube
4. Record the observation after 5 minutes
5. Repeat steps 2 to 4 using strip of metal Q, R and S to replace metal P.
Observation
Metal
P
Q
R
S
Metal ion P
/
/
/
Metal ion Q
X
Metal ion R
X
X
/
/
Metal ion S
X
X
X
Conclusion
The electropositivity of metals increases in the order of P,Q,R,S
TOTAL
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

20
SET 2 :OXIDATION AND REDUCTION

Question
No
1
Mark scheme
(a)
(b)
( c)
To allow the flow / movement / transfer of ions through it

chemical energy to electrical energy
mark at electrodes
Cell 1
Cell 2
Positive
Negative
Positive
Negative
electrode
electrode
electrode
electrode
Q
P
R
S
(d)(i) magnesium more electropositive than copper //

above copper in the Electrochemical Series
(ii) blue becomes paler / colourless
Concentration / number of Cu2+ ion decreases
2+
(iii) 0J: 0J
+ 2e
(iv) Oxidation
(e)(i) copper become thicker // brown solid deposited
(ii) zinc
(iii) zinc undergoes oxidation // zinc atom release electron to form zinc ion
23
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
11
Question
No
2(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Mark scheme
Mark
A reaction which involves oxidation and reduction occur at the same time
(i) green to yellow/brown
(ii) oxidation
(iii) Fe2+ : )H 3+ + e
(iv)
0
(i) magnesium
(ii) Mg +Fe2+ : 0J 2+ + Fe
(iii) +2 to 0
1. label for iron, water and oxygen
2. ionization of iron in the water droplet (at anode)
3. flow of electron in the iron to the edge of water droplet
Water droplet
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
O2
e
e
2+
Fe Fe +2e
Iron
11
3
(a)
(b)
(c)
24
Reaction A : not a redox reaction

Reaction B : a redox reaction
1
1
Reaction A:
No change in oxidation number
Reaction B:
Oxidation number of magnesium changes/increases from 0 to +2 //
Oxidation number of zinc changes/decreases from +2 to 0
1.....4
(i)
Oxidation number of copper in compound P is + 2

Oxidation number of copper in compound Q is + 1
1
1.....2
(ii)
Compound P : Copper(II) oxide

Compound Q : Copper(I) oxide
Oxidation number of copper in compound P is +2
Oxidation number of copper in compound P is +1
1
1
1
1.....4
(iii)
1
1
1
1.....4
(i)
X, Z, Y
Y : Copper
Z : Lead
X : Magnesium
1
1
1.....3
Substance that is oxidised

Substance that is reduced
Oxidizing agent
Reducing agent
: H2
: CuO
: CuO
: H2
2Mg + O2 : 0J2
2X + O 2 : ;2
1
1.....2
[Correct formulae of reactants and product]

[Balanced equation]
TOTAL
(a)
(b)
(i)
20
Iron(II) ion releases / loses one electron and is oxidised to iron(III) ion//
Oxidation number of iron in iron(II) ion increases from +2 to +3.
Iron(II) ion undergoes oxidation, Iron(II) ion acts as a reducing agent
(ii) Iron(II) ion receives/ gain one electron and is reduced to iron.//
Oxidization number of iron in iron(II) iron decreases from +2 to 0.
iron(II) ion undergoes reduction, Iron(II) ion acts as an oxidising agent
Mg Mg 2 2e
Oxidation number of magnesium increases from 0 to +2
magnesium undergoes oxidation
Cu 2 2e Cu
oxidation number of copper in copper(II) ion decreases from +2 to 0
copper(II) ion undergoes reduction
1
1
1
(c)
1
1
1
1
1
1
At the negative terminal:

Iron(II) ion release / lose one electron and
is oxidised to iron(III) ion.
Fe2+ Fe3+ + e
The green coloured solution of iron(II) sulphate turns brown.
Fe2+ act as a reducing agent.
1
1
1
1
1
At the positive terminal:

Bromine molecules accepts electrons and
is reduced to bromide ions, BrBr2 + 2e 2BrThe brown colour of bromine water turns colourless.
Bromine acts as an oxidising agent
1
1
1
1
1
20
Question No
5
(a)
Mark scheme
1.
Mg/Al/Fe/Pb/Zn
Magnesium undergoes oxidation as oxidation number of magnesium

increases from 0 to +2 and
3. Copper (II) oxide undergoes reduction as oxidation number of copper in
copper(II) oxide decreases from +2 to 0
4. Oxidation and reduction occur at the same time.
2.
(b)
1
1
1
1
Experiment I
Fe2+ ion present
Metal X lower than iron in the Electrochemical Series //
Metal X is less electropositive than iron
3. Iron atoms releases electrons to form iron(II) ions
1.
2.
25
Mark
1
1
1
Experiment II
1. OH ion present
2. Metal Y higher than iron in the Electrochemical Series //
Metal Y is more electropositive than iron
n+
3. Atom Y releases electrons to form Y ions
4. Water and oxygen gain electron to form OH ion //
2H2O + O 2+ 4e :
4OH
1
1
1
1
Max 3
(c)
Procedure
1. One spatula of copper(II)oxide powder and one spatula of carbon powder is

placed into a crucible
2. The crucible and its content are heated strongly
3. The reaction and the changes that occur are observed
4. Steps 1 to 3 are repeated by replacing copper(II)oxide powder with zinc
oxide powder and magnesium oxide powder.
1
1
1
1
Observation
Mixture
Carbon and
copper(II)oxide
Carbon and zinc
oxide
Carbon and
magnesium oxide
Observation
The mixture burns brightly.
The black powder turns brown
The mixture glows dimly.
The white powder turns grey.
No Changes
1+1
Explanation
Carbon can react with copper(II)oxide and zinc oxide
Carbon more reactive than copper and zinc / carbon is above copper and zinc in
the Reactivity Series
Carbon cannot react with magnesium oxide
Carbon less reactive than magnesium / carbon is below magnesium in
the Reactivity Series
1
1
1
1
20
6 Sample answer
(a)
Magnesium/Aluminium/zinc/iron/lead
Magnesium dissolve//The blue colour of copper(II)sulphate solution become
paler // brown solid deposited
2+
0J:0J
+ 2e
2+
Cu H: &X
Oxidising agent- Cu2+ ion / copper(II) sulphate
Reducing agent- Mg
1
1
1
1
1
1..6
(b) sample answer

Pb(NO3) 2
Oxidation number:
26
+2 +5
-2
2KI
+1
-1
Pbl2
+2 -1
2KNO3
+1 +5 -2
no changes of oxidation number of all elements in the compounds of reactants

and products.
Neutralization
1...4
(c ) sample answer
[Material : Any suitable oxidizing agent

(example : acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution,
acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution, chlorine water, bromine water),
any suitable reducing agent
(example : potassium iodide solution, iron(II) sulphate solution)
and any suitable electrolyte]
1
[ Apparatus : U-tube , carbon electrodes , connecting wires and galvanometer]
1
Diagram
Functional
Labelled
1
1
Procedure
1
Sulphuric acid is added into a U-tube until 1/3 full
2
Bromine water is added into one end of the U-tube while potassium
iodide solution is added into the other end of the U-tube
3
carefully
4
Two carbon electrodes connected by connecting wires to a galvanometer
are dipped into the two solution at the two ends of the U-tube.
Observation
The colour of bromine water change from brown to colourless//
The colour of potassium iodide solution change from colourless to yellow/brown//
The needle of the galvanometer is deflected
Oxidation reaction : Br2 H: %U
Reduction reaction: 2I- : , 2 + 2e
27
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Max : 10
20
SET 3 :ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS

Question
No
1 (a)(i)
(ii)
(b)(i)
Mark scheme
Propanone / Methylbenzene / [any suitable organic solvent]
Water
Molecule
Mark
1
1
1
1
(ii)
Ion
(c)
1. Beaker A : No observable change

Beaker B : Gas bubbles released
+
2. H+ion does not present in beaker A but H ion
present in beaker B //
Hydrogen chloride in beaker A does not show acidic properties but
hydrogen chloride in beaker B shows acidic properties
1. Correct formula of reactants and products

1
1
(d)(i)
0J
(ii)
+&O
: 0J&O
H2
1. Mole of HCl
2. Mole ratio
3. Answer with correct unit
Mole HCl =
4 5 v94
5444
1
1
1
// 0.005
2 mol HCl reacts with 1 mol Mg

0.005 moles HCl reacts with 0.0025 moles Mg
Mass Mg = 0.0025 x 24 // 0.06 g
TOTAL
Question
Mark scheme
No
2 (a)(i) Substance that ionize / dissociate in water to produce H +ion
(ii)
10
Mark
1
1
(iii)
1. Concentration of acid / H ion in Set II is lower than Set I

2. The lower the concentration of H+ion the higher the pH value
1
1
(iv)
1. Ethanoic acid is weak acid while hydrochloric acid is strong acid

2. Ethanoic acid ionises partially in water to produce low concentration of H +ion
1
1
while
3. hydrochloric acid ionises completely in water to produce high concentration of H +
ion
(b)(i)
28
1. The pH value of sodium hydroxide in volumetric flask B is lower

than A
2. Concentration of sodium hydroxide / OH- ion in volumetric flask B
is lower than A
1
1
(ii)
1
1
1. Mole of NaOH
2. Mass of NaOH with correct unit
Mole NaOH =
4 45 v944
5444
// 0.005
Mass NaOH = 0.005 x 40 g // 0.2 g

(iii)
20 cm3
0.01 x V = 0.002 x 100 //
TOTAL
Question
No
3 (a)
Pink to colourless
(b)
(c)(i)
(ii)
10
Mark scheme
Mark
1
Potassium nitrate
HNO3
. 2+
. 12
H2O
1
1
1
1
1. Mole of HNO3 // Substitution

2. Mole ratio
3. Concentration of KOH with
Mole HNO3 =
4 9 v64
// 0.01
5444
0.01 mole HNO3reacts with 0.01 mole KOH

Molarity KOH =
(d)(i)
(ii)
4 45 v5444
69
mol dm-3 // 0.4 mol dm
-3
10 cm3
1. Sulphuric acid is diprotic acid but nitric acid is monoprotic acid // 1 mole of
sulphuric acid produce 2 moles of H ion but 1 mole of nitric acid produce 1 mole
of H+ion
2. Concentration of H+ion in sulphuric acid is double compare to nitric acid
3. Volume of sulphuric acid needed is half
1
1
TOTAL
Question
Mark scheme
No
4 (a)
Ionic compound formed when H+ion from an acid is replaced by a metal ion or
ammonium ion
10
Mark
1
(b)
Pb(NO3) 2
(c)
To ensure all the nitric acid reacts completely
(d)(i)

1
1
2H+
29
3E2
: 3E
2+
+ H2O
(ii)
1. Mole of acid
2. Mole ratio
Mole HNO3 =
5 4 v94
5444
1
1
1
// 0.05
0.05 moles HNO3produce 0.025 moles salt G

Mass of salt G = 0.025 x 331 g // 8.275 g
(e)
3
1. Add 2 cm3dilute sulphuric acid followed by 2 cm of
Iron(II) sulphate solution
Slowly add concentrated sulphuric acid by slanted the test tube. Then turn it upright.
2. Brown ring is formed.
TOTAL
Question
No
5 (a)(i) Salt W : Copper(II) carbonate
Solid X : Copper(II) oxide
Mark scheme
1. Flow gas into lime water

2. Lime water turns cloudy / chalky
3.
(iii)
Neutralisation
(iv)

(b)
(c)(i)
(ii)
+&O :
&X&O2
Mark
1
1
(ii)
CuO
1
1
1
1
1
1
H2O
2+
Cation : Cu ion // copper(II) ion

Anion : Cl ion
// chloride ion
1
1
Ag+
Cl-
$J&O
Double decomposition reaction
1
TOTAL
Question
No
6 (a)(i) Green
(ii)
(b)(i)
Mark scheme
Double decomposition reaction
Carbon dioxide
(ii)
CuCO3
(iii)
1. Functional apparatus
2. Label
Copper(II) carbonate
: &X2 &2
30
Sulphuric acid // H SO
2
Heat
(c)(i)
Mark
1
1
Lime
water
(ii)
1. Mole of CuCO3
2. Mole ratio
Mole CuCO3 =
568
1
1
1
// 0.1
568
0.1 moles CuCO3 produces 0.1 mole CuO

Mass CuO = 0.1 x 80 g //
8g
TOTAL
7 (a)
(b)
(c)
1. Vinegar
2. Wasp sting is alkali
3. Vinegar can neutralize wasp sting
1
1
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
1
1
1
1
6.
1.
2.
3.
4.
(d)(i)
Water is present in test tube X but in test tube Y there is no water.

Water helps ammonia to ionise // ammonia ionise in water
OH- ion present
OH- ion causes ammonia to show its alkaline properties
Without water ammonia exist as molecule // without water OH -ion does not
present
When OH-ion does not present, ammonia cannot show its alkaline properties
Sulphuric acid is a diprotic acid but nitric acid is a monoprotic acid
1 mole of sulphuric acid ionize in water to produce two moles of H +ion but 1 mole
of nitric acid ionize in water to produce one mole of H+ion
The concentration of H+ion in sulphuric acid is double / higher
The higher the concentration of H+ion the lower the pH value
Molarity =
(ii)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
58 4
9:
mol dm-3
// 1 mol dm-3
1
1
1
1
1
Correct formula of reactants

Correct formula of products
Mole of KOH // Substitution
Mole ratio
Answer with correct unit
Mole KOH =
1
1
// 0.25
4 69 v 5444
694
HCl + . 2 +
1
1
1
1
1. Mole of KOH
2. Molarity of KOH and correct unit
Mole KOH =
:
5 v 69
5444
. &O
2O
// 0.025
0.025 mole KOH produce 0.025 mole KCl

Mass KCl = 0.025 x 74.5 g // 1.86 g
TOTAL
31
20
Question
No
8 (a)(i)
(ii)
(b)(i)
(ii)
(c)(i)
Mark scheme
Mark
1
1
1. PbCl2
2. Double decomposition reaction
Copper (II) chloride :
Copper(II) oxide / copper(II) carbonate , Hydrochloric acid
Lead (II) chloride :
Lead (II) nitrate solution , sodium chloride solution ( any solution that contains Cl -ion)
1+1
1
1
1
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
S = zinc nitrate
T = zinc oxide
U = nitrogen dioxide
W = oxygen
2Zn(NO3) 2 2ZnO + 4NO2+ O
1+1
1+1
1
1
1
1. Both axes are label and have correct unit

2. Scale and size of graph is more than half of graph paper
3. All points are transferred correctly
(ii)
5
(iii)
Mole Ba2+ ion =
49 v 9
5444
49 v 9
5444
Mole SO4 2- ion =
// 0.0025
// 0.0025
Ba 2+ ion : SO 4 2- ion
0.0025 : 0.0025 //
1
:
1
(iv)
Ba
2+
SO42-
%D62
1
1
TOTAL
Question
Mark scheme
No
9 (a)
1. HCl // HNO 3
+
2. 1 mole acid ionises in water to produce 1 mole of H ion
3. H2SO 4
+
4. 1 mole acid ionises in water to produce 2 moles of H ion
(b)
1. Sodium hydroxide is a strong alkali

2. Ammonia is a weak alkali
3. Sodium hydroxide ionises completely in water to produce high concentration of OHion
4. Ammonia ionises partially in water to produce low concentration of OH-ion
5. Concentration of OH- ion in sodium hydroxide is higher than in ammonia
6. The higher the concentration of OH-ion the higher the pH value
32
20
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Volumetric flask used is 250 cm 3

Mass of potassium hydroxide needed = 0.25 X 56 = 14 g
Weigh 14 g of KOH in a beaker
Add water
Stir until all KOH dissolve
Pour the solution into volumetric flask
Rinse beaker, glass rod and filter funnel.
Add water
when near the graduation mark, add water drop by drop until meniscus reaches the
graduation mark
10. stopper the volumetric flask and shake the solution
TOTAL
(c)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Question
Mark scheme
No
10 (a)(i) Substance C : Glacial ethanoic acid
Solvent D
: Propanone [ or any organic solvent]
(ii)
(b)
Solution E
1. Ethanoic acid ionises in water
2. Can conduct electricity because presence of freely moving ions
+
3. blue litmus paper turns to red because of H ions
is present
Solution F
4. Ethanoic acid exist as molecules
5. Cannot conduct electricity because no freely moving ion
6. Cannot change the colour of blue litmus paper because no H +ion
1. Measure and pour [20-100 cm3] of [0.1-2.0 mol dm -3]zinc nitrate solution into a
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
20
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
beaker
2. Add [20-100 cm3] of [0.1-2.0 mol dm -3]sodium carbonate solution

3. Stir the mixture and filter
4. Rinse the residue with distilled water
5. Zn(NO3) 2 + Na2CO 3ZnCO3 + 2NaNO3
6. Measure and pour [20-100cm3]of [0.1-1.0mol dm -3]sulphuric acid into a beaker
7. Add the residue/ zinc carbonate into the acid until in excess
8. Stir the mixture and filter
9. Heat the filtrate until saturated / 1/3 of original volume
10. Cool the solution and filter
11. Dry the crystal by pressing between two filter papers
12. ZnCO3 + H2SO 4 ZnSO4 + H2O + CO 2
TOTAL
33
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
20
SET 3 :RATE OF REACTION

Question
No
1(a)(i)
(ii)
(b)(i)
Mark scheme
Set II
Able to draw the graph with these criterion:

1 Labelled axis with correct unit
2. Uniform scale for X and Y axis & size of the graph is at least half of the graph
paper
3. All points are transferred correctly
4. Curve is smooth.
Set I :
1.Tangen shown in graph correctly
2.Rate of reaction = 0.19 cm 3s -1 ( +- 0.05)
Set II :
1.Tangen shown in graph correctly
2.Rate of reaction = 0.23 cm 3s -1 (+- 0.05)
(ii)
Question
No
2 (a)
(b)
Mark
Add catalyst
Increase the temperature
Use smaller size/ metal powder
Increases the concentration of acid// Double the concentration of acid but half volume
[Any two]
Mark scheme
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Mark
1. Correct formulae of reactants and product

1
1
CaCO3+ 2HNO 3: &D12

Functional diagram
Label
1
1
3) 2+
CO2+ H O2
Water
Nitric acid
Calcium carbonate
(c)
1. Mole of nitric acid

2. Mole ratio
Number of moles of HNO3 = 0.2 X 50 = 0.01 mol //
1000
2 mol of HNO3produce 1 mol of CO 2
0.01 mol of HNO3produce 0.005 mol of CO 2
34
1
1
1
Maximum volume of CO2= 0.005 x 24 = 0.12 dm //3 120 cm

(d)
(e)(i)
(ii)
Experiment I =
0.12 X 1000 // 0.2 cm 3s //-1

10 X 60
3
-1
//0.12 //0.012 dm min
10
Experiment II = 0.12 X 1000 // 0.4 cm s3 -1 //

5 X 60
// 0.12 // 0.024 dm 3min -1
5
Rate of reaction in Experiment II is higher than I
- The size of calcium carbonate in Experiment II is smaller than Experiment I //
calcium carbonate powder in Experiment II has a larger total surface area exposed to
collision than Experiment I.
- The frequency of collision between between calcium carbonate and
hydrogen ion in Experiment II is higher than Experiment I.
- The frequency of effective collision s in Experiment II is higher than Experiment I
1
1
1
1
Question
No
3
(a)
(b)(i)
(ii)
Mark scheme
-Total surface area of smaller pieces wood is larger/bigger/ greater than the bigger
pieces of wood
- More surface area exposed to air for burning
1. Experiment II
2. Present of catalyst /manganase(IV) oxide in Experiment I
1
1
1.Correct formulae of reactants and product

2.Balanced equation
1
1
2H2O 2 :
(iii)
Mark
2H2O
1
1
O2
Energy
Ea
E a
2H2O 2
2 H2O +
O2
1. Arrow upward with energy label ,two levels and position of reactant and
products are correct
2. Curve of Experiment I and experiment II are correct and label
3. Activation energy of experiment I and experiment II are shown and labelled
(c)(i)
1.Correct formulae of reactants and product

2.Balanced equation
Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2+ H
(ii)
35
No. of mol HCl =
1
1
1
1
1
50 X 0.5 // 0.025
1000
2 mol HCl
0.025 mol HCl
: 1 mol H 2
: 0.0125 mol H
1
2
3
Volume of H =2 0.0125 x 24 // 0.3dm // 300
cm
-3
acid .
1. Add excess zinc powder with 12.5 cm3of 1 mol dm hydrochloric
2. At the same temperature
(iii)
1
1
OR
(iv)
1.
2.
3.
4.
-3
1. Add excess zinc powder with 25 cm3of 0.5 mol dm hydrochloric
acid
2. At the higher temperature //present of catalyst
Rate of reaction using sulphuric acid is higher

The concentration of H+ion in sulphuric acid is higher
Maximum volume of gas collected is double
The number of mole of H+ion in sulphuric acid is double
1
1
1
1
20
Question
No
4 (a)
Mark scheme
1. Temperature in refrigerator is lower than in cabinet

2. The activity of microorganisme (bacteria) in refrigerator is lower than in
3.
(b)(i)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Zn
refrigerator
The amount of toxin produced in the refrigerator is less then in the kitchen
cabinet.
Correct formula of reactants and products
Mol of sulphuric acid
Mole ratio
Volume and ratio
H2SO 4
------- ZnSO4
(iii)
36
1
1
1
+ H2
No. Of mol H2SO 4= 1 X 50/1000 // 0.05
1 mol of H2SO 4
0.05 mol of H2SO 4
:
:
1 mol of H 2
0.05 mol of H2
3
Volume of H 2= 0.05 x 24 dm //1.2
dm
(ii)
Mark
//0.05 x 24000//1200 cm3
1200 // 15 cm 3s -1
80
Experiment II = 1200 // 7.5 cm s3 -1
160
Experiment III = 600 // 2.5 cm s3 -1
240
Exp I and II
1.Rate of reaction of Expt I is higher
2.The size of zinc in Expt I is smaller
3.Total surface area of zinc in Expt I is bigger/larger
4.The frequency of collision between zinc atom and hydrogen ion/H +in Expt I is
higher
5. The frequency of effective collision in Exp I is higher
Experiment I
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Exp II and III

1. Rate of reaction in Expt II is higher
2.The concentration of sulphuric acid/ H+ion in Exp II is higher
3. The no. of H+per unit volume in Expt II is higher/greater in Expt II//
4. The frequency of collision between zinc atom and H+in Expt II is higher
5. The frequency of effective collision in Expt II is higher
1
1
1
1
1
20
Question
No
5.(a)
(i)
(ii)
Mark scheme
N2 +
Mark
3H2 ------- 2NH3
1+1
Temperature : 450 &

Pressure
: 200 300 atm
Catalyst
: Powdered iron// Iron filling
1
1
[ Any two]
(b)(i)
Example of acid
Sample answer :
Hydrochloric acid / HCl// Sulphuric acid // Nitric acid
1
1
(ii)
(iii)
Correct formula of reactant and product

Balance
Sample answer
+&O 0J : 0J&O
2 + H2
1. Experiment I : 20 cm3/ 60 s // 0.33 cm s3 -1
2. Experiment II : 20 cm3/ 50 s // 0.4 cm s3 -1
1
1
(Catalyst)
Experiment 1:
1.Pour /measure (50-100) cm3of (0.1-2 mol dm -3 ) hydrochloric acid .
2.Add excess zinc powder/granules
3.Add a (2-5 cm 3 ) of copper(II) sulphate solution
4.At the same temperature
Experiment II :
1. Pour /measure (50-100) cm3of (0.1-2 mol dm -3 ) hydrochloric acid .

2. Add excess zinc powder/granule
OR
(Temperature)
Experiment 1:
1. Pour /measure (50-100) cm3of (0.1-2 mol dm
2. Heat acid to (30-80OC)
3. Add excess zinc powder/granule
-3
) hydrochloric acid
1
1
1
1
1
1
Pour /measure (50-100) cm of (0.1-2 mol dm

Without heating
Add excess zinc powder/granules
-3
) hydrochloric acid .
(Concentration)
Experiment 1:
1.Pour /measure (50-100) cm3of (0.2-2 mol dm
2. Add excess zinc powder/granules
1
1
OR
37
Experiment II :
1.
2.
3.
1
-3
1
Experiment II :
1. Pour /measure (50-100) cm3of (0.1-1 mol dm -3 ) hydrochloric acid .

2. Add excess zinc powder/granules
OR
(Size)
Experiment 1:
1.Pour /measure (50-100) cm3of (0.1-2 mol dm
2. Add excess zinc powder
-3
1
3
1. Pour /measure (50-100) cm of (0.1-2 mol dm

2. Add excess zinc granule
-3
(Catalyst)
1.Catalyst/copper(II) sulphate is used in Experiment I
2. Catalyst/(copper(II) sulphate) lower activation energy (and provide an alternative
path)
3. More colliding particles / ions are able to achieve that lower activation energy.
4.The frequency of effective collision between magnesium atoms and hydrogen ion
increases.
5. The rate of reaction of Experiment I is higher.
(Any 4)
(Temperature)
1. Rate of reaction in Experiment I is higher.
2. The temperature of reaction in Experiment I is higher
3. The kinetic energy of particles increases in Experiment I // The particles move
faster
4. Frequency of collision between magnesium atom and H+ ion in Experiment I is
higher
5. Frequency of effective collision in Experiment I is higher
(Any 4)
(Concentration)
1. Rate of reaction in Experiment II is higher
2. The concentration of acid in Experiment I is higher
3. The number of hydrogen ion per unit volume in Experiment II is higher
4. Frequency of collision between magnesium atom and H+ ion in Experiment I is
higher
5. Frequency of effective collision in Experiment II is higher
(Any 4)
(v)
38
1
1
Experiment II :
(iv)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
(Size)
1.Rate of reaction in Experiment I is higher
2.The size of magnesium in Experiment I is smaller
3.Total surface area of magnesium in Experiment I is bigger/larger
4.The frequency of collision between magnesium atoms and hydrogen ions in
Experiment I higher
5.The frequency of effective collision between in Experiment I is higher
(Any 4)
The number of mol are same // The concentration and volume of acid are same
1
1
1
1
1
Question
No
6.(a)
(i)
Mark scheme
1. First minute = 24/60 =0.4 cm3s -1 // 24 cm3min -1
2. 2 nd minute = 34-24/60 =0.167 cm3s -1 // 10 cm3min
Mark
-1
1
1
3. rate in 1 stminute higher than 2 nd minute (vice versa)

4. concentration of sulphuric acid / mass of zinc decreases
(iii)
All hydrogen ion from acid was completely reacts
(iv)
A catalyst lower activation energy provide an alternative path

More colliding particles /zinc atoms and hydrogen ions are able to overcome the lower
activation energy.
The frequency of effective collisions between zinc atom and hydrogen ion in is higher.
(any 2 )
- hydrogen and oxygen molecules collide
- with correct orientation
-total energy of particles higher or equal to activation /minimum energy
(Temperature)
(ii)
(b)
Materials:
0.2 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate, 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid, a piece of white paper
PDUNHG ; DW WKH FHQWUH
Apparatus:
3
3
150 cm3conical flask, stopwatch, 50 cm measuring
cylinder, 10 cm measuring
cylinder, thermometer, Bunsen burner, wire gauze.
Procedure:
1.Using a measuring cylinder, 50 cm3of 0.2 mol dm -3 sodium thiosulphate solution is
measured and poured into a conical flask.
1
1
1
1
1
1
2.The conical flask is placed on top of a piece of ZKLWH SDSHU PDUNHG ; DW WKH FHQWUH
3.5 cm3of 1.0 mol dm -3 sulphuric acid is measured using another measuring cylinder.
4.The sulphuric acid is poured immediately and carefully into the conical flask. At the
same time, the stop watch is started
5.The mixture in a conical flask is swirled.
7KH ; PDUN LV REVHUYHG YHUWLFDOO\ IURP WKH WRS RI WKH FRQLFDO IODVN WKURXJK WKH
solution.
1
7KH VWRSZDWFK LV VWRSSHG RQFH WKH ; PDUN GLVDSSHDUV IURP YLHZ
1
8.Step 1 7 are repeated using 50 cm3of 0.2 mol dm -3 sodium thiosulphate solution at
o
3
40oC, 50 oC, 60 C
by heating the solution before 5 cm of
sulphuric acid is added in.
(Max 7)
1
Conclusion
When the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution is higher , the rate of reaction is
higher
39
(Temperature)
1
Materials:
0.2 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate, 1.0 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid, water, a piece of white
SDSHU PDUNHG ; DW WKH FHQWUH
Apparatus:
3
3
150 cm3conical flask, stopwatch, 50 cm measuring
cylinder, 10 cm measuring
cylinder, wire gauze.
1
Procedure:
1.Using a measuring cylinder, 50 cm3of 0.2 mol dm -3 sodium thiosulphate solution is
measured and poured into a conical flask.
1 FHQWUH
7KH FRQLFDO IODVN LV SODFHG RQ WRS RI D SLHFH RI ZKLWH SDSHU PDUNHG ; DW WKH
3.5 cm3of 1.0 mol dm -3 sulphuric acid is measured using another measuring cylinder.
4.The sulphuric acid is poured immediately and carefully into the conical flask. At the
same time, the stop watch is atarted
5.The mixture in a conical flask is swirled.

1
7KH ; PDUN LV REVHUYHG YHUWLFDOly from the top of the conical flask through the
solution.
1
7KH VWRSZDWFK LV VWRSSHG RQFH WKH ; PDUN GLVDSSHDUV IURP YLHZ
3
8.Step 1 7 are repeated by adding 5 cm3, 10 cm3, 15 cm 3, 20 cm 3and 40 cm of
distilled water .(at the same time) maintaining the total volume of solution at 50 cm 3
after dilution//table of dilution
(Max 7)
Conclusion
When the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution is higher , the rate of reaction is
higher
SET 3 :THERMOCHEMISTRY
Question
No
1
(a)
Heat change /released when 1 mol copper is displaced from copper (II)
sulphate solution by zinc
(b)
(c)
40
Mark scheme
Blue to colourless
(i)
50 X 4.2 X 6 J // 1260 J
(ii)
(1.0 )(50)
1000
(iii)
1260
-1
0.05 J // 25200 J mol
Mark
1
1
1
// 0.05
1
1
(d)
= - 25.2 kJ mol-1
1. Correct reactant and product

2. Correct two energy level for exothermic reaction
3. Correct value heat of displacement and unit
1
1
1
Sample answer
Energy
Zn + CuSO //Zn
4
+ Cu2+
+
- 25.2 kJmol-1
ZnSO4 + Cu //Zn2+
(e)
(i)
3C
(ii)
Number of mole copper displaced is half

Heat released is half / 1260
J // 630 J
2
Cu
1
1
1
TOTAL
Question No
2
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(e)
Mark scheme
Heat of precipitation is the heat change when one mole of a precipitate is
formed from its solution.
To reduce heat loss to the surrounding.
Reject : prevent
Ag+ + Cl-: $J&O
The heat released
=(50 + 50) x 4.2 x 3.5
=1470 J
Number of moles of Ag +
= (50 x 0.5) = 0.025 mol
1000
Number of moles of Cl= (50 x 0.5) = 0.025 mol
1000
0.025 mole of Ag +reacts with 0.025 mole of Cl to
form 0.025 mole of
AgCl
Number of moles of AgCl = 0.025 mol
5
=
x 1470 J
4 469
=58 800 J
Heat of precipitation of AgCl = -58.8 kJ mol -1
Ag+ + Cl -:$J&O +
-58.8kJmol-1
// AgNO 3 1D&O :$J&O 1D12
-58.8kJmol-1
3 +
(i)
41
12
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Energy
Ag++ Cl
(ii)
-58.8kJmol-1
AgCl
1. Label axes
2. Energy levels of reactants and products correct with formula of
reactants and products
3. Heat of precipitation written
Total
Question No
3.
(a)
Mark
(i)
Ethanol
(ii)
1260 kJ of heat energy is released when one mole of ethanol is burnt

completely in excess oxygen
(i)
No of moles of alcohol = 0.23 / 46

= 0.005 mol
1 mol of alcohol burnt released 1260 kJ
Thus, 0.005 mol of alcohol burnt released 6.3 kJ
(b)
(ii)
( c)
(d)
Mark scheme
1
1
mc = 6.3 kJ
mc = 6.3 x 1000
= 6300/ 200 x 4.2
0
= 7.5 C
1
1
1
Heat is lost to the surrounding // Heat is absorbed by the apparatus or

containers // Incomplete combustion of alcohol
(i)
Energy
C2H O
5 H+3O
- 1260 kJmol-1
2 CO2 + H2O
1. Label axes
2. Energy levels of reactants and products correct with formula of reactants
and products
3. Heat of combustion written
42
1
1
1
(ii)
1
1
1. Label
2. Functional
(e)
(i)
(ii)
- 2656 kJmol-1 // 2500-2700 kJmol-1
1. The molecular size/number of carbon atom per molecule propanol is

bigger/higher methanol
2. Combustion of propanol produce more carbon dioxide and water
molecules
3. More heat is released during formation of carbon dioxide and water
molecules
1
1
1
Total marks
Question No
4
(a)
Mark scheme
(i)
Characteristic
Change in
temperature
Type of
chemical
reaction
Energy content
of reactants
and products
(ii)
43
Mark
Diagram 4.1
Increase
Diagram 4.2
Decrease
Exothermic reaction
Endothermic reaction
The total energy content of

the reactants more than
the energy content of the
products
The total energy content of

the reactants less than the
energy content of the
products
Amount of
Amount of heat absorbed
Amount of heat absorbed for
heat absorbed
for the breaking of bond in the breaking of bond in the
/realeased
the reactant is less than
reactant is more than heat
during
heat released during
released during formation of
breaking of
formation of bond in the
bond in the products
bonds
products
Number of moles of FeSO4= MV
1000
= (0.2)(50) = 0.01 mol
1000
Heat change = 0.01 x 200 kJ
= 2 kJ // 2000 J
+ HDW FKDQJH
PF
2000
(50)(4.2)
C o
1
1
1+1
1+1
1
1
(b)
(c)
1. Number of mole of Ag +ion in both experiment

= 25 x 0.5 // 0.0125 mol
1000
2. Number of mole of Cl-ion in both experiment
= 25 x 0.5 // 0.0125 mol
1000
3. Number of mole of silver chloride formed is the same
+
+
4. Na+ionand K ion
not involved in the reaction // Ag ionand
Cl involved
in the
reaction
(i)
+ HDW FKDQJH
PF
= (100)(4.2)(42.2 30.2)
= 5040 J / 5.04 kJ
Number of moles of HCl / H
1
1
o
Temperature change is 12.0 C
// same
Number of moles of sodium hydroxide reacted when hydrochloric acid or
sulphuric acid is used is the same // 0.01 mol
Number of mole of water formed when hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid used
is the same // 0.01 mol
H+ion in excess when sulphuric acid is used
Question No
(a)
1
1
1
20
Mark
Neutralisation//Exothermic reaction
(ii)
Total energy content of reactant is higher than total energy content in

product
1. The heat of neutralization of Experiment 1 is higher than Experiment 2
2. HCl is strong acid while ethanoic acid is weak acid
3. HCl ionises completely in water to produce high concentration of H+ion
4. CH3COOH ionizes partially in water to produce low concentration of H +
ion and most of ethanoic acid exist as molecules
5. In Expt 2,Some of heat given out during neutralization reaction is used to
dissociate the ethanoic acid molecules completely in water//part of heat
that is released is used to break the bonds in the molecules of ethanoic
acid that has not been ionised
No of mol acid/alkali= 50 X 1 /1000= 0.05
4 + ; QR RI PRO
= 57.3 X 0.05
= 2.865 kJ // 2865 J
(i)
(ii)
44
Mark scheme
(i)
(iii)
(b)
1
1
ion
Total marks
= (50)(2
= 0.1 mol
1000
Number of moles of NaOH / OH ion
= (50)(2) = 0.1 mol
1000
The heat of neutralization
= 5.04
0.1
+
- 50.4 kJ mol-1
(ii)
2865 = 100 X 4.2 X 0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

o
= 6.8 C
( correct unit)
(iii)
(c )
1. Some of heat is lost to the sorrounding

2. Heat is absorbed by polystyrene cup
A
The reaction is exothermic// Heat is
released to the surrounding during the
reaction
Heat released is x kJ when 1 mol
product is formed
The total energy content in reactant is
higher than total energy content in
product
The temperature increases during the
reaction
Heat released during the formation of
bond in product is higher than heat
absorbed during the breaking of bond
in reactant
1
1
B
The reaction is endothermic// Heat
is absorbed from the surrounding
during the reaction
Heat absorbed is y kJ when 1 mol
product is formed.
The total energy content in
reactant is lower than total energy
content in product
The temperature decreases during
the reaaction
Heat absorbed during the breaking
of bond in reactant is higher than
heat released during the formation
of bond in product
1
TOTAL
6
(a)
(i)
energy
Zn + CuSO
-152 kJmol-1
ZnSO4 + Cu
1. Y-axes : energy
2. Two different level of energy
(ii)
(b)
(c)
45
20
1. reactants have more energy // products have less energy

2.energy is released during the experiment // this is exothermic reaction
No. of mol of H+ion/OH =- 1x50/1000// 0.05

Heat change = 100x 4.2 x7//2940 Joule//2.94 kJ
Heat of neutralization= -2940/0.05
= -58800 J mol -1//-58.8 kJ mol-1
1. Heat of combustion of propane is higher
2. The molecular size/number of carbon atom per molecule propane is
bigger/higher
3. Produce more carbon dioxide and water molecules//released more heat energy
1. Methanol/ethanol/ propanol,
Diagram:
2. -labelled diagram
3. -arrangement of apparatus is functional
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1..3
1. (100-250 cm3)of water is measured and poured into a copper can and the
copper can is placed on a tripod stand
2. the initial temperature of the water is measured and recorded
3. a spirit lamp with ethanol is weighed and its mass is recorded
4. the lamp is then placed under the copper can and the wick of the lamp is lighted
up immediately
5. the water in the can is stirred continuously until the temperature of the water
increases by about 30oC.
6. the flame is put off and the highest temperature reached by the water is
recorded
7. The lamp and its content is weighed and the mass is recorded
PD[
Data
The highest temperature of water
The initial temperature of water
Increase in temperature,
=
=
=
t2
t1
t2
Mass of lamp after burning

Mass of lamp before burning
Mass of lamp ethanol burnt, m
=
=
=
m2
m1
m1 - m2= m
..4
t1 =
Calculation :
Number of mole of ethanol, C 2H 5OH, n =
m

The heat energy given out during combustion by ethanol = the heat energy absorbed
by water= 100x x c x J
Heat of combustion of ethanol = m c KJ mol-1
n
= -p kJ/mol

Total marks
46
..3
20
Question No
(a) (i)
Mark scheme
Heat change = mc = (25+25)(4.2)(33-29) = 445 J
Mark
1
Heat of precipitation of AgCl

= - 445 / 0.0125 = -35600 J mol-1 // 35.6 kJ mol-1
Energy
AgNO3+ NaCl
H = -35.6 kJ mol-1
AgCl + NaNO3*
* Accept ionic equation
1. The position and name /formulae of reactants and products are correct.
2. Label for the energy axis and arrow for two levels are shown.
(b)
(i)
(ii)
1. HCl is a strong acid // CH 3COOH is a weak acid.

2. HCl ionised completely in water to produce higher concentration of H+
ion. //
3. CH3COOH ionised partially in water to produce lower concentration of
H+ion.
4. during neutralisation reaction, some of the heat released are absorbed by
CH3COOH molecules to dissociate further in the molecules.
1. H2SO 4is a diprotic acid// HCl is a monoprotic acid.
+
2. H2SO 4produced two moles of hydrogen ion/H when
one mole of the acid
ionised in water //
3. HCl produced one mole of hydrogen ion/ H+when one mole of the acid
ionised in water.
4. When one mole of OH- reacts with two moles of H +will produce one
mole of water, the heat of neutralisation is still the same as Experiment I
because the definition of heat of neutralisation is based on the formation
of one mole of water.
(c)
4Max
3
4Max
3
- apparatus and material : 2 marks

- procedures
: 5 marks
- Table
: 1 mark
- Calculation
: 2 marks
Sample answer:
Apparatus : Polystyrene cup, thermometer, measuring cylinder.
Materials : Copper (II) sulphate, CuSO 4solution, zinc powder.
Procedures :
1. Measure 25 cm 3of 0.2 mol dm -3 copper (II) sulphate, CuSO 4solution and pour it
into a polystyrene cup.
2. Put the thermometer in the polystyrene cup and record the initial temperature of
the solution.
3. Add half a spatula of zinc powder quickly and carefully into the polystyrene cup.
4. Stir the reaction mixture with the thermometer to mix the reactants.
5. Record the highest temperature reached.
47
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Tabulation of data:
o
Initial temperature of CuSO4solution ( C)
Highest temperature of the reaction mixture (oC)
Temperature change ( oC)
Calculation :
Number of mole of CuSO 4
= MV/1000 =
1
2
2 - 1
....1
PRO

Heat change = mc(2 - 1) = x J

Heat of displacement = x / 0.005 kJ mol-1
= y kJ mol-1

TOTAL
20
SET 4 :CARBON COMPOUNDS

Question No
(a)
Mark scheme
Mark
1
Or
(b)
(c)
C3H 7OH + 9/2O
3CO2 + 4H2O
(i)
Sweet/ pleasant smell /// fruity smell
(ii)
Methanoic acid
(iii)
O
H
(d)
H H
1+1
(i)
Oxidation
(ii)
Orange colour of acidified potassium dichromate (VI) solution turns green
(iii)
C3H 7OH + 2[O] C2H 5COOH + H O2
(e)
C3H 7OH
(ii)
C3H 6 + H O
2
propanol
propene
1+1
48
Question No
(a) (i)
(ii)
Mark scheme
Fermentation
Ethanol
Mark
1
1
H H
(iii)
C C H
H OH
(b)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
C2H 5OH + 3O 2 : &2

Ethene
H
+ 3H2O
1+1
1
C-C
H H
Purple to colourless
1
1
(i)
Ethyl ethanoate
(ii)
CH3COOH + C H2 OH
5
(d)
(e)
CH3COOC 2H 5 + H2O
1+1
Mark scheme
Mark
Question
No
3
(a)
Characteristics
Same general formula
Explanation
CnH 2n + 1OH
1+1
successive member is different from

each other by CH2
Relative atomic mass is different

by 14
1+1
Gradual change in physical

properties //
Melting / boiling point increase
Number of carbon atom per

molecules increase //
size of molecule increase
1+1
Similar chemical properties //

oxidation produce carboxylic acid
Have same chemical/similar

functional group
1+1
Can be prepared by similar method //

can be prepared by hydration of
alkene
Have same chemical properties //

have same functional group
1+1
(b) (i) (CH2O)n = 60

(12 + 2 + 16)n = 60
n=2
C2H 4O 2
(ii) Carboxylic acid
React with carbonate to produce carbon dioxide
49
1
1
1
1
(iii) 2 CH3COOH + CaCO3
&+
3COO)2Ca
+ HO
2
+ CO 2
Correct formula of reactants and products

Balanced equation
1
1
(c)
Compound
The number of carbon atom
P
2
Q
2
1
1
The number of hydrogen atom
4
6
number of hydrogen atom Q is higher
Type of covalent bond

between // carbon/ Type of
hydrocarbon
Type of homologous series //
//
Name of compound
Double bond / /
Unsaturated
Single bond/ /
Saturated
Alkene//
Ethene //
Alkane //
Ethane
General formula//
Molecular formula of the
compound
CnH 2n //
C2H 4
CnH 2n+2 //
C2H 6
1
Max
4
20
Question No
(a) (i)
4
(ii)
Mark scheme
Mark
1
14.3 %
Element
Mass/ %
No. of moles
Ratio of moles/
Simplest ratio
C
85.7
85.7 = 7.14
12
7.14 = 1
7.14
H
14.3
14.3 = 14.3
1
1
1
14.3 = 2
7.14
Empirical formula = CH2

RMM of (CH2) n
[(12 + 1(2)]n
14n
= 56 .............1
= 56
= 56
n
= 56
14
= 4

Molecular formula : C4H 8
6 max
5
(iii)
1+1
1+1
But-2-ene
2-methylpropene
[any 2]
50
But-1-ene
Max 4
(iv)
Compound M (Butene, C4H 8) has a higher percentage of carbon atom in their

molecule than butane, C4H 10
% of C in C4H 8
= 48 x 100%
56
%

(4
12)
x 100%
(4
12) 10
= 48 x 100%
58
= 82.7%

% of C in C4H 10=
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
(4
12)
x 100%
(4
12) 8
.....3
1
1
Starch
Protein / natural silk
H
H CH3 H
I
I I
I
C=CC=C
I
I
H
H
1
1..2
2-methylbut-1,3-diene or isoprene
Rubber that has been treated with sulphur
In vulcanised rubber sulphur atoms form cross-links between the rubber molecules
These prevent rubber molecules from sliding too much when stretched
TOTAL
Question No
(a) (i)
5
(ii)
(iii)
Mark scheme
1
1
1
20
Mark
Hydrocarbon
Type of
bond
Homologous
series
General
formula
covalent
alkane
CnH 2n+2
covalent
alkene
CnH 2n
Carbon dioxide
2C4H 10 + 13O2 : &2
2 + 10H2O
[Chemical formulae of reactants and products]
[Balanced]
Hydrocarbon B.
Hydrocarbon B is an unsaturated hydrocarbon which react with bromine.
Hydrocarbon A is a saturated hydrocarbon which do not react with bromine.
1
1
1
1
51
(iv)
Hydrocarbon B more sootiness.

B has higher percentage of carbon by mass.
1
1
% of carbon by mass ;
(b)
Hydrocarbon A :
4(12)
4(12) + 10(1)
Hydrocarbon B :
4(12)
4(12) + 8(1)
100
100
// 82.76 %
// 85.71 %
Carboxylic acid X :
1
Propanoic acid
Alcohol Y:
1
Ethanol
20
TOTAL
Question No
(a)
(i)
(b)
52
Mark scheme
X - any acid methanoic acid
Y - any alkali ammonia aqueous solution
Mark
1
1
(ii)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
(iii)
Ammonia aqueous solution contains hydroxide ions

Hydroxide ions neutralise hydrogen ions (acid) produced by activities of bacteria
1
1
1
1
1
5 max
4
1
(i)
(ii)
Alcohol
Burns in oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water
Oxidised by oxidising agent (acidified potassium dichromate (VI) solution) to
form carboxylic acid
(iii)
Procedure:
1. Place glass wool in a boiling tube
3
2. Soak the glass wool with 2 cm of ethanol
3. Place pieces of porous pot chips in the boiling tube
4. Heat the porous pot chips strongly
5. Heat glass wool gently
Methanoic acid contains hydrogen ions

Hydrogen ions neutralise the negative charges of protein membrane
Rubber particles collide,
Protein membrane breaks
Rubber polymers combine together
1
1
1
1

6.
Using test tube collect the gas given off
6 max
5
Diagram:
Glass wool
soaked with
ethanol
Heat
Porcelain chips
Heat
Water
[Functional diagram]
[Labeled porcelain chips, water, named alcohol, heat]
Test:
Add a few drops of bromine water
Brown colour of bromine water decolourised
Total
Question
No
(a)
7
1
1
20
Mark scheme
Carbon dioxide/ CO2and water/ H O
2
Any one correct chemical equation
Example
2C4H 10 + 13O 2 :
&2 2 +
Chemical formula of reactants
Balanced
1
1
Mark
1
10H2O
1
1
(b)
Compound B & Compound D

Same molecular formula / C 4H 8
Different structural formula
1
1
1
(c)
Pour compound A/B into a test tube

Add bromine water to the test tube and shake
Test tube contain compound A unchanged
Test tube contain compound B brown colour turn colourless
or
Pour compound A/B into a test tube
Add acidified Potassium manganate(VII) solution to the test tube and shake
Test tube contain compound A unchanged
Test tube contain compound B purple colour turn colourless
1
1
1
1
(d)
(i)
Any members of carboxylic acid and correct ester

Example
[Methanoic acid]
[Propylmethanoate]
1
1
1
53
(d)
(ii)
Pour 2 cm3of [methanoic acid] into a boiling tube

Add 2 cm3of propanol/compound E into the boiling tube
Slowly/carefully/drop 1 cm3of concentrated sulphuric acid
Heat the mixture gently
Pour the mixture in a beaker that contain water
Observation : Colorless liquid with fruity smell is formed / Colorless liquid float on
water surface
TOTAL
20
Mark scheme
Mark
Question
No
8(a)
C
H
But-2-ene
1+1
H
H
1
1
1
1
1
1
H
C
H
H
H
2-methylpropene
1+1
H
(b)
(i)
Propanoic acid
Ethanol
(ii)
Chemical properties for propanoic acid:

1. React with reactive metal to produce salt and hydrogen gas
2. React with bases/alkali to produce salt and water
3. React with carbonates metal to produce salt, carbon dioxide gas and water
4. React with alcohol to produce ester
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
[any three]
Chemical properties for ethanol:
1. Undergo combustion to produce carbon dioxide and water
2. Burnt in excess oxygen to produce CO2and H O
2
3. Undergo oxidation to produce carboxylic acid / ethanoic acid
4. React with acidified K2Cr 2O 7/KMnO to
4 produce carboxylic acid / ethanoic acid
5. Undergo dehydration to produce alkene / ethene.
[Any three answers]
(c)
(i)
P : Hexane
Q : Hexene // Hex-1-ene
(ii) Reaction with bromine // acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution

Procedure:
54
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1. Pour about [2 -5 cm3] of P into a test tube.

2. Add 4-5 drops of bromine water / acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution
1
1
1
and shake.
3. Observe and record any changes.

4. Repeat steps 1 to 3 by replacing P with Q
1
1
Observation:
P : Brown/ Purple colour remains unchanged.
Q : Brown/ Purple colours decolourise / turn colourless.
Max 6
20
SET 4 :MANUFACTURED SUBSTANCE IN INDUSTRY

Question No
(a)
(i)
(b)
Mark scheme
Mark
1
Contact process
(ii)
Ammonia
(iii)
o
o
Vanadium(V) oxide, 450 C
- 500 C
(iv)
Ammonium sulphate
(v)
(i)
2NH3 + H2SO 4 (NH4) 2SO 4

Composite material
1+1
1
(ii)
Tin atom
Correct arrangement
Correct label
1
1
Copper atom
(iii)
nC2H 3Cl --( C2H 3Cl ) n
(iv)
It has low thermal expansion coefficient // resistant to thermal shock
TOTAL
Question No
2
(a) (i)
(ii)
55
11
Mark scheme
SO2 + H2O H2SO 3
Corrodes buildings
Corrodes metal structures
pH of the soil decreases
Lakes and rivers become acidic
[Able to state any three items correctly]
Mark
1
(b) (i)
(ii)
(iii)
Oleum
2SO2 + O2 2SO3
Moles of sulphur = 48 / 32 =1.5
Moles of SO2 = moles of sulphur
= 1.5
Volume of SO 2 = 1.5 24 dm3
= 36 dm3
1
1
1
Pure metal are made up of same type of atoms and are of the same size.
The atoms are arranged in an orderly manner.
The layer of atoms can slide over each other.
Thus, pure copper are ductile.
There are empty spaces in between the atoms.

When a pure copper is knocked, atoms slide.
Thus, pure copper are malleable.
Zinc.
Zinc atoms are of different size,
The presence of zinc atoms distrupt the orderly arrangement of copper
atoms.
This reduce the layer of atoms from sliding.
(c) (i)
(ii)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Max:5
1
1
1
1
Zinc atom
Copper atom
1
Arrangement of atoms 1; Label - 1
1
Max: 5
Total
Question No
3 (a)
Mark scheme
(b)
Haber process
Iron
N2 + 3H2
Pure copper
20
Mark
1
1
1+1
2NH3
Bronze
1
Tin atom
1+1
Copper atom
Bronze is harder than pure copper
56
Tin atoms are of different size

The presence of tin atoms distrupt the orderly arrangement of copper
1
1
atoms.
This reduce the layer of atoms from sliding.
1
1
MAX
6
Procedure:
1. Iron nail and steel nail are cleaned using sandpaper.
2. Iron nail is placed into test tube A and steel nail is placed into test tube
B.
3. Pour the agar-agar solution mixed with potassium
hexacyanoferrate(III) solution into test tubes A and B until it covers
the nails.
4. Leave for 1 day.
5. Both test tubes are observed to determine whether there is any blue
spots formed or if there are any changes on the nails.
6. The observations are recorded
Results:
Test tube
A
B
1
1+ 1
1
1
1
1
1
1
The intensity of blue spots

High
Low
Conclusion:
Iron rust faster than steel.
TOTAL
20
SET 4 :CHEMICALS FOR CONSUMERS
Question No
1 (a) (i)
(b)
(c)
Mark scheme
Mark
1
To improve the colour of food
(ii)
Absorbs water /inhibits the growth of microorganisms
(iii)
1. Preservative
2. Flavouring
Analgesic
To relieve pain
Saponification // alkaline hydrolysis
1
1
1
1
1
(i)
(ii)
(i)
(ii)
1+1
Hydrophobic
(iii)
hydrophilic
Soap form scum/insoluble salts in hard water.
1
TOTAL
57
10
Question No
2 (a)
(b)
Mark scheme
Examples of food preservatives and their functions:
Sodium nitrite slow down the growth of microorganisms in meat
Vinegar provide an acidic condition that inhibits the growth of
microorganisms in pickled foods
(i)
No // cannot
Because aspirin can cause brain and liver damage if given to children with
flu or chicken pox. // It causes internal bleeding and ulceration
(ii) Paracetamol
Codeine
(iii) 1. If the child is given a overdose of codeine, it may lead to addition.
2. If the child is given paracetamol on a regular basis for a long time, it
may cause skin rashes/ blood disorders /acute inflammation of the
pancreas.
Mark
1+1
1+1
1
1
1
1
1
1
(c)
Type of food
additives
Preservatives
Examples
Function
Sugar, salt
Flavourings
Monosodium
glutamate, spice,
garlic
Ascorbic acid
To slow down the growth

of microorganisms
To improve and enhance
the taste of food
To prevent oxidation of
food
To add or restore the
colour in food
Antioxidants
Dyes/ Colourings
Tartrazine
Turmeric
Disadvantages of any two food additives:
Sugar eating too much can cause obesity, tooth decay and diabetes
Salt may cause high blood pressure, heart attack and stroke.
Tartrazine can worsen the condition of asthma patients
- May cause children to be hyperactive
MSG can cause difficult in breathing, headaches and vomiting.
1
1
TOTAL
Question No
3 (a) (i)
Mark scheme
Traditional medicines are derived from plants or animals.
Modern medicines are made by scientists in laboratory and based on
substances found in nature.
20
Mark
1
1
(ii)
Type
Analgesics
Antibiotics
Psychotherapeutic
(iii)
58
Modern medicine
Aspirin
Paracetamol
Codein
Penicillin
Chloropromazin
Caffeina
Penicillin
Cause allergic reaction, diarrhoea, difficulty breathing and easily bruising
1
1
1
1
1
1
MAX
5
1
Codeine
Cause addiction, drowsiness, trouble sleeping, irregular heartbeat and
hallucinations.
Aspirin
Cause brain and liver damage if given to children with flu or chicken pox.
Cause internal bleeding and ulceration
(b)
Hard water contains calcium ions and magnesium ions.

Example : sea water
1
1
Procedure
1. 20cm3of hard water (magnesium sulphate solution) is poured into two
separate beakers X and Y.
2. 50 cm3of soap and detergent solutions are added separately in beaker X
and beaker Y.
3. A small piece of cloth with oily stains is dipped into each beaker.
4. Each cloth is washed.
5. The cleansing action of the soap and detergent is observed.
Results
Beaker
X
Y
Observation
The cloth is still dirty.
The cloth becomes clean.
Conclusion
The cleansing action of detergent is more effective than soap in hard water
59
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
SET 5 :PAPER 3 SET 1
Rubric
1(a)(i)
Score
Able to give correct observation

3
Sample answer:
Colourless solution formed//Aluminium oxide powder dissolved in nitric
acid/sodium hydroxide solution.
Rubric
1(a)(ii)
Able to give the correct inference.

Sample answer
Aluminium oxide is soluble in nitric acid/sodium
solution//Aluminium oxide shows basic/acidic properties
1(a) (iii)
Score
hydroxide
Rubric
Able to give the correct property of aluminium oxide.
Score
3
Answer: amphoteric
Rubric
Able to state the hypothesis correctly.
1(b)
Sample answer:
When aluminium oxide dissolves in nitric acid, it shows basic properties,
when aluminium oxide dissolves in sodium hydroxide solution,
shows
acidic properties.
Rubric
Able to state all the variables correctly.
1(c)
Answer:
Manipulated variable: type of solutions // nitric acid and sodium
hydroxide solution
Responding variable: solubility of aluminium oxide in acid and
alkali//property of aluminium oxide
Fixed variable: aluminium oxide
Rubric
Able to state the operational definition correctly.
1(d)
Score
Score
Score
3
Sample answer.
When aluminium oxide solid is added into sodium hydroxide solution, the
solid dissolved.
60
1(e)(i)
1(e)(ii)
Rubric
Able to give the correct observations for both experiments.
Red litmus paper turns blue
Blue litmus paper turns red
Score
Rubric
Able to classify all the oxides correctly.
Acidic oxide
Basic axide
Carbon dioxide
Magnesium oxide
Phosphorous pentoxide
Calcium oxide
Score
Rubric
2(a)
Score
Able to state the observation

Sample Answer: 1. Iron glowed brightly
2. Iron ignited rapidly with bright flame.
3. Iron glowed dimly
Rubric
Able to state the observation and the way on how to control variable
2(b)
Sample Answer : 1. change bromine with chlorine and iodine

2. Ignition or glowing of halogen
3. Use the same quantity of iron wool in each
experiment.
Rubric
Able to state the correct hypothesis by relating the manipulated variable
and responding variable
2(c)
Score
Score
Sample Answer :
1. The higher the position of halogen in group 17 the
higher the reactivity towards iron.
2. The higher the position of halogen in group 17 the greater the ignition
or glowing reaction with iron.
Rubric
Able to state the inference correctly.
2(d)
Score
3
Sample answer:
The solid of Iron(lll) bromide formed//Bromine combined with iron //Iron
is oxidized by bromine//Bromine is reduced by iron
2(e)
3(a)
Rubric
Able to arrange the three position of halogen based on the reactivity
toward iron in ascending order
Answer : Iodine. Bromine, Chlorine,
Score
Rubric
Able to give the correct arrangement of the metals
Score
3
Answer: Magnesium, Y, copper
61
Rubric
Able to give the name of metal Y correctly.
3(b)
Score
3
Answer: Zinc//Iron//Lead
Rubric
Able to give the three observations correctly.
3 (c)
Answer:
1. Brown solid deposited
2. Blue solution turns light blue
3. Zinc strip becomes pale blue.
Rubric
Able to give the problem statement correctly.
4(a)
Score
Score
3
Sample answer:
How is the effect of other metals on the rusting of iron when the metals
are in contact with iron.
Rubric
Able to state the three variables correctly.
4(b)
Answer:
Manipulated variable: Type of metals//Zinc and copper
Responding variable: Rusting of iron
Fixed variable: iron nail
Rubric
4(c)
4(d)
4(e)
Score
Sample answer:
When iron is in contact with a more electropositive metal/zinc, rusting
will not occur, when iron is
in contact with less
electropositive
metal/copper, rusting will occur.
Rubric
Able to list the apparatus and materials needed for the experiment.
Apparatus: two test tubes, test-tube rack,
Materials: hot agar-agar solution added with phenolphthalein and
potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) solution, iron nails, zinc strip, copper
strip, sand paper.
Score
Rubric
Able to give the procedures correctly
Score
Sample answer:
1. Clean 2 pieces of iron nails, zinc strip and copper strip with sand
paper.
2. Coil the iron nails with zinc strip and copper strip each.
3. Put the iron nails into two different test tubes
4. Pour hot agar into each test tube until the iron nail is immersed.
5. Leave the apparatus for about 1 day and record the observations.
62
Score
Rubric
Able to tabulate the data correctly
4(f)
Answer:
Experiment
Iron nail coiled with zinc
Iron nail coiled with copper
Observation
Score
PAPER 3 SET 2
Rubric
Able to construct the table correctly with the following aspects:
1(a)
Experiment
I
II
III
Ammeter reading/A
0.0
0.5
0.0
Rubric
1(b)
Score
Score

3
Sample answer:
Lead(II) bromide can conduct electricity in molten state//Naphthalene/Glucose
cannot conduct electricity in molten state
Rubric
Able to state the type of compound correctly
1(c)
Score
3
Answer: ionic compound

Rubric
Able to state all the three variables correctly:
1(d)
Answer:
Manipulated variable: type of compound
Responding variable: ammeter reading//conductivity of electricity
Fixed variable: state of compound//ammeter
Rubric
1(e)
Score
Score
3
Sample answer:
Molten ionic compound can conduct electricity but molten covalent compound
cannot conduct electricity.
Rubric
Able to state the operational definition correctly.
Sample answer:
When carbon electrodes are dipped into molten lead(II) bromide, ammeter
shows a reading/ammeter needle deflects
1(f)
63
Score
3
Rubric
Able to explain the difference in conductivity of electricity in Experiment I and
II.
Sample answer:
In Experiment II, molten lead(II) bromide consists of free moving ions that
carry the electrical current, In Experiment I molten naphthalene consists of
neutral molecules.
1(g)
Rubric
Able to classify the substances correctly.
Answer:
Substance can conduct electricity
Substance cannot conduct electricity
Carbon rod
Glacial ethanoic acid
Copper(II) sulphate solution
Molten polyvinyl chloride
1(h)
Rubric
Able to give the correct value of the reading.
2(a)
Answer: Final burette reading = 40.20 cm3

Initial burette reading = 47.20 cm3
X = 5.0 cm3
Rubric
Able to draw the correct graph with the following aspects.
2(b)
Score
Score
Score
3
Score
3
1. X axis and y-axis with label and unit

2. Correct scale
3. Correct shape of graph
Rubric
Able to determine the correct mole ratio.
2(c)
Answer:
Ag+ : Cl 1.0 x 5 : 1.0 x 5

1000
1000
0.005 : 0.005
1 : 1
Rubric
Able to write the ionic equation correctly.
2(d)
Score
Score
3
Answer: Ag+ + Cl- : $J&O
2(e)
Rubric
Score
3
Rubric
Score
Able to sketch the correct curve:

Graph constant at V = 10 cm3
64
2(f)
Able to classify the salts correctly.

Soluble salt
Potassium chloride
Nickel nitrate
Ammonium carbonate
Insoluble salt
Barium sulphate
Rubric
Able to state the problem statement correctly.
3. (a)
Score
3
Sample answer:
What is the effect of size of zinc on the rate of reaction with sulphuric acid?
Rubric
Able to state the hypothesis correctly
3(b)
Score
3
Sample answer:
When size of zinc is smaller, the rate of reaction is higher.
Rubric
Able to state the all the variables correctly
3(c)
Score
3
Answer:
Manipulated variable: big sized granulated zinc and small sized granulated zinc
Responding variable: rate of reaction
Fixed variable: volume and concentration of sulphuric acid
Rubric
Able to list the necessary materials and apparatus needed.
3(d)
Sample answer:
Materials: big sized granulated zinc, small sized granulated zinc, 0.1 mol dm-3
sulphuric acid, water.
Apparatus: burette, conical flask, delivery tube with stopper, basin, retort,
basin, weighing balance, stop watch, measuring cylinder.
Rubric
Able to list procedures for the experiment
3(e)
Sample answer.
1. [5-10] g of big sized granulated zinc is weighed and put into the
conical flask.
2. Half filled a basin with water.
3. Fill burette with water and invert into the basin and record the initial
reading.
4. Measure 50 cm3of sulphuric acid and pour into the conical flask.
5. Stopper the conical flask and immediately start the stop watch.
6. Record the burette reading every 30 s intervals for 5 minutes.
7. Repeat the experiment by replacing the big sized granulated zinc with
small sized granulated zinc.
65
Score
Score
Rubric
Able to tabulate the data with the following aspects:
3(f)
Score
2
Time/s
Burette
reading/cm3
Volume of
gas/cm3
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
PAPER 3 SET 3
1(a)
RUBRIC
Able to record all the temperature accurately
SCORE
3
Sample answer :
Experiment 1
Initial temperature = 28.0
Highest temperature = 40.0
Change of temperature = 12.0
Experiment II
Initial temperature = 28.0
Highest temperature = 38.0
Change of temperature = 10.0
RUBRIC
Able to construct table accurately with correct title and unit
1(b)
SCORE
3
Sample answer :
Temperature
o
Initial temperature of mixture, C
o
Highest temperature of mixture, C
o
Change of temperature, C
1(c)
Experiment I
28.0
40.0
12.0
Experiment II
28.0
38.0
10.0
RUBRIC
Able to state the relationship between manipulated variable and responding variable
with direction correctly
Sample answer :
Manipulated variable : type of acid
Responding variable : heat of neutralisation
Direction : ?
The reaction between a strong acid and strong alkali produce a greater heat of
66
SCORE
3
neutralization than the reaction between a weak acid and strong alkali.//
The reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide produce a greater heat of
neutralization than the reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium hydroxide//
The heat of neutralization between a strong acid and a strong alkali is greater than the
heat of neutralization between a weak acid and a strong alkali
RUBRIC
Able to explain with two correct reasons
1(d)
SCORE
3
Sample answer :
This is to enable the change in temperature to be measured.

The change of temperature is needed to calculate the heat of neutralization
RUBRIC
1(e)
Able to state the formula accurately
SCORE
3
Sample answer :
Change in temperature = Highest temperature of mixture - initial temperature of
mixture
RUBRIC
Able to state three observation correctly
1(f)
SCORE
3
Sample answer :
1. A colourless mixture of solution is obtained
2. The vinegar smell of ethanoic acid disappears
3. The polystyrene cup becomes warmer
1(g)
RUBRIC
Able to state three constant variables correctly
SCORE
3
Sample answer :
1.
2.
3.
The volumes and concentration of the acid and the alkali

The type of cup used in the experiment
The type of alkali
RUBRIC
Able to calculate the heat of neutralisation for experiment I and II correctly
1(h)
Sample answer :
Experiment I
+ HDW UHOHDVHG
PF
= 50 x 4.2 x 12
= 2520 J
67
SCORE
3
Number of mole of sodium hydroxide = MV

= 2.0 x 25/1000
= 0.05 mol
0.05 mole of sodium hydroxide releases 2520 J heat energy
1.0 mole of sodium hydroxide releases = heat released / number of mole
= 2520 / 0.05
= 50400 J
Heat of neutralisation = - 50.40 kJ/mol
Experiment II
+ HDW UHOHDVHG
PF
= 50 x 4.2 x 10
= 2100 J
Number of mole of sodium hydroxide = MV

= 2.0 x 25/1000
= 0.05 mol
0.05 mole of sodium hydroxide releases 2100 J heat energy
1.0 mole of sodium hydroxide releases = heat released / number of mole
= 2100 / 0.05
= 42000 J
Heat of neutralisation = - 42.0 kJ/mol
RUBRIC
1(i)
Able to write the operational definition for the heat of neutralisation correctly. Able to
describe the following criteria
(i)
(ii)
SCORE
3
What should be done

What should be observed
Sample answer :
The heat of neutralization is defined as the temperature rises when one mole of water is
produced from reaction between acid and alkali
1(j)
RUBRIC
Able to state the relationship between type of acid and value of heat of neutralization and
explain the difference correctly.
Sample answer :
1. The heat of neutralization of a weak acid by a strong alkali is less than the heat of
neutralization of a strong acid by a strong alkali.
Explanation :
68
SCORE
3
2. Experiment I uses a strong acid whereas Experiment II uses a weak acid.

3. During neutralization of a weak acid such as ethanoic acid, small portion of the heat
released in experiment II is absorbed to help the dissociation of the ethanoic acid
molecules
1(k)
RUBRIC
Able to predict the temperature change accurately
SCORE
3
Sample answer :
Lower than 10oC
RUBRIC
Able to classify the acids as strong acid or weak acid.
1(l)
SCORE
3
Sample answer :
Heat of neutralization /kJmol-1
Type of acid
Ethanoic acid
- 50.3
Weak acid
Hydrochloric acid
- 57.2
Strong acid
Methanoic acid
- 50.5
Weak acid
Name of acid
RUBRIC
Able to record all the temperature accurately one decimal places.
2(a)
SCORE
3
Time 55.0 s at 30 oC
2(b)
RUBRIC
Able to construct table accurately with correct title and unit
SCORE
3
Sample answer :
Temperature/ oC
Time/s
1/time / s-1
30
55.0
0.018
35
48.0
0.021
40
42.0
0.024
RUBRIC
2(c)(i) Able to draw the graph of temperature against 1/time correctly
i) Axis x : temperature / 0C and axis y : 1/time /1/s
ii) Consistent scale and the graph half of graph paper
iii) All the points are transferred correctly
iv) Correct curve
69
45
37.0
0.027
50
33.0
0.030
SCORE
3
RUBRIC
2(c)(ii) state the relationship between the rate of reaction and temperature correctly
SCORE
3
The rate of reaction increases with the increase in temperature
RUBRIC
2(d
)
Able to predict the time taken
SCORE
3
From the graph, when temperature = 55 oC,

1/time = 0.033 s-1
Time = 1/0.033
= 30.3 s
RUBRIC
2(e)(i) Able to state all variables correctly
SCORE
3
Manipulated variable : Temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution

Responding variable : Rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric
acid//time taken for the sign X disappear
Constant variable : Concentration and volume of sodium thiosulphate solution and
hydrochloric acid
RUBRIC
2(e)(ii) Able to state how to manipulate one variable while keeping the other variables
constant.
Temperature is the manipulated variable.
Heating sodium thiosulphate with several different temperatures by remaining the
70
SCORE
3
concentration and volume of sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid constant helps
maintain the responding variable.
RUBRIC
2(f)
Able to give the hypothesis accurately
SCORE
3
Manipulated variable : Temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution

Responding variable : Rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric
acid//time taken for the sign X disappear
The higher the temperature, the higher the rate of reaction is
RUBRIC
Able to state the relationship between temperature and the rate reaction in our daily
lives correctly
2(g)
SCORE
3
The lower the temperature, the lower the rate of food turns bad
RUBRIC
Able to Marke a statement of the problem accurately and must be in question form
3(a)
SCORE
3
Does concentration of ions affect the product of electrolysis process at the anode?
RUBRIC
Able to state the relationship between manipulated variable and responding variable
correctly
3(b)
SCORE
3
The higher the concentration of ions at the anode, the higher its tendency to be
discharge.
RUBRIC
Able to state all the three variables correctly
3(c)
SCORE
3
Manipulated variables : concentration of sodium chloride solution

Responding variables : product formed at anode
Controlled variables : quantity of current, carbon electrodes
3(d)
RUBRIC
Able to state the list of substances and apparatus correctly and completely
Materials : 0.0001 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution, 2.0 mol dm-3 sodium chloride
solution.
Apparatus : carbon electrode, electrolytic cell, test tubes, dry cell, blue litmus paper,
wooden splinter, Bunsen burner.
71
SCORE
3
3(e)
RUBRIC
Able to state a complete experimental procedure
SCORE
3
Fill electrolytic cell with 0.0001 mol dm -3 sodium chloride solution.

Connect carbon electrodes to the power supply and ammeter.
Switch on the circuit for half hour.
Collect the gas at the anode and test with a glowing wooden splinter and a damp
blue litmus paper.
5. Repeat the step 1 to 4 by replacing 0.0001 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution with
2.0 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution.
1.
2.
3.
4.
RUBRIC
Able to draw a suitable table with title correctly
3(f)
Solution
Observation
0.0001 mol dm-3sodium

chloride solution
2.0 mol dm-3sodium
chloride solution
4 (a)
SCORE
3
Product formed at
anode
RUBRIC
Able to give the statement of problem correctly.
SCORE
3
Sample answer:
Does the type of electrode/anode affect the choice of ions to be discharged?
RUBRIC
4 (b)
Able to state all variables correctly.
SCORE
3
Sample answer:
Manipulated variable : Type of electrode/ anode
Responding variable : Product formed at anode
Controlled variable : Electrolyte
RUBRIC
4(c)
SCORE
Able to give the hypothesis accurately

Sample answer:
Type of electrode/anode will influence the choice of ion to be discharged// type of

electrode/anode will produce different product.
4(d)
RUBRIC
Able to list completely the materials and apparatus.
Sample answer:
Materials:
72
SCORE
3
copper(II) sulphate solution, (0.5 2.0) mol dm-3 //any suitable solution that
match with metal plate used.
carbon rod
copper plate// any metal plate that match with a solution used.
wooden splinter// any suitable material used for
testing a gas or any product at anode.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Apparatus:
1.
2.
3.
4.
4(e)
electrolytic cell
battery
connecting wire
test tube
RUBRIC
Able to state all procedures completely and correctly.
SCORE
3
Sample answer:
1. Fill the electrolytic cell (beaker) with half full of copper (II) sulpahate solution
(any suitable electrolyte that match with metal plate used).
2. A test tube filled with copper (II) solution is inverted on the anode carbon
3.
4.
5.
6.
4(f)
electrode.
Complete the circuit.
Electricity is flowed.
Record observation at anode..
Step 1-5 is repeated using copper plate
RUBRIC
Able to exhibit the tabulation of data correctly.
SCORE
2
Sample answer:
Type of electrode
Carbon
Copper/any metal
Observation
PAPER 3 SET 4
1(a)
Rubric
Able to state all the observations and inferences correctly
Score
Sample answers:
Observations
1. Zinc electrode become thinner
2. Brown deposite is formed at
copper electrode//thicker
3. Blue solution turn to
colourless/ become paler //
The intensity of blue solution
decrease
Inferences
Zinc atom ionised to zinc ions//zinc atom
ionises
Copper atom is formed
Copper(II) ions is discharged to copper
atom//concentration of copper(II) ion
decreases
Rubric
73
Score
1(b)
Able to state all the voltmeter readings accurately with unit
Sample answer:
Zinc and copper : 1.4 V
P and copper
: 0.8 V
Q and copper : 2.8 V
R and copper : 0.4 V
1(c)
Rubric
Able to construct a table to record the voltmeter reading for each pair of metals
accurately
Sample answer:
Pairs of metals
Zinc and copper
P and copper
Q and copper
R and copper
1(d)
Voltage / V
1.4
0.8
2.8
0.4
Rubric
Able to arrange all the metals in ascending order in electrochemical series
Score
Score
3
Sample answer:
Copper, R, P, Zinc, Q
1(e)
Rubric
Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding
variable with direction.
Score
3
Sample answer:
The further the distance between two/pair of metals in the electrochemical series the
higher/larger/bigger the voltage value.
1(f)
Rubric
Score
3
Sample answer:
Manipulated variable : Pairs of metals
Responding variable :Voltmeterreading/voltage/potential difference
Constant variable : copper electrode, copper(II) sulphate solution
1(g)
Rubric
Able to state the operational definition for the potential difference accurately
Sample answer:
The potential difference is the voltmeter reading when two different metals are dipped
in an electrolyte.
74
Score
3
1(h)
Rubric
Able to classify the cations and anions in copper(II)sulphate solution correctly
Score
3
Sample answer:
Cations
anions
1(i)
Rubric
Able to predict the positive terminal and the voltage value correctly
Sample answer:
Positive terminal
P
1(i)
Cu2+, H +
SO42-, OHScore
3
Voltage /V
2.0
Rubric
Able to explain the relationship between the time for negative terminal to corrode and
the position in electrochemical series accurately
Score
3
Sample answer:
The distance between magnesium and copper in electrochemical series further//the
distance between zinc and copper in electrochemical series is closer
Rubric
2 (a)
Sample answer:
The reactivity (of alkali metals with oxygen) increase from lithium to potassium. //
Lithium, sodium and potassium / alkali metals show similar chemical in their reactions
with oxygen.
2 (b)
Rubric
Able to state the three variables correctly:
1. Method to manipulate variable.
2. The responding variable.
3. The controlled variable.
Sample answer:
(i) Use different types of (alkali) / (group 1) metals
(ii) Reactivity of metals with oxygen // Vigorousness of the reaction between
metals and oxygen.
(iii) Oxygen gas // size / mass of metal
1 (c)
Score
Rubric
Able to state the relationship correctly between the manipulated variable and the
responding variable.
Score
Score
3
Sample answer:
(The lower/higher the position of metal in)/(Going down/up) Group 1, the more/less
75
reactive is the metal in reaction with oxygen. //

The lower/higher the metal in Group 1 the more/less reactive the reaction with
oxygen.
Rubric
Able to give the operational definition accurately by stating the following three
information.
2 (d)
Score
alkali metals
vigorously / more vigorous / reactive with oxygen
more / highly reactive
Sample answer:
An alkali metal that reacts more vigorously with oxygen is a more reactive metal.
Rubric
Able to state the position of metal X in Group 1 accurately.
2 (e)(i)
Score
Sample answer:
Period 5/6/7
2 (e)(ii)
Rubric
Able to arrange the metals in ascending order based on their reactivity.
Score
Sample answer:
Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, X // Li, Na, K, X
2 (f)
Rubric
Able to state the relationship between the mass of sodium and the time taken for the
metal to burn completely in oxygen gas.
the higher the mass / the bigger the size

the longer the time taken
burn completely
Score
Sample answer:
The higher the mass of metals, the longer the time taken to burn completely. //
The bigger the size of metals, the longer the time taken to burn completely.
2 (g)
Rubric
Able to record all the readings with one decimal place accurately.
Sample answer:
10.1 , 10.6, 10.9
76
Score
2 (h)
Rubric
Able to state observations for blue and red litmus paper correctly.
Score
Sample answer:
Solutions
Gas Jar I
Gas Jar II
Gas Jar III
2 (i)
Red litmus paper

Turns blue
Turns blue
Turns blue
Blue litmus paper

No change
No change
No change
Rubric
Able to write the two balanced chemical equations for the reaction accurately.
Sample answer :
i. 4Na + O 2 2Na2O
and
ii. Na2O + H2O 2NaOH
Notes: Sodium can be replaced with any alkali metals from Table 1.
2 (j)
Score
Rubric
Able to give the statement of the problem accurately. Response is in question form.
Sample answer:
Does the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution affect the rate of reaction
between sodium thiosulphate solution and sulphuric acid? //
How does the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution affect the rate of
reaction? between sodium thiosulphate solution and sulphuric acid?
3 (b)
Score
Rubric
Able to classify all alkaline solutions into strong alkali and one weak alkali
correctly.
Sample answer:
Strong alkali : Sodium hydroxide / NaOH,
Potassium hydroxide / KOH
Calcium hydroxide / Ca(OH)2
Weak alkali : Ammonia solution/ NH 3
3(a)
Score
Rubric
Able to state the three variables correctly
Sample answer:
Score
Manipulated variable: Temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution

3
5 HVSRQGLQJ YDULDEOH 5DWH RI UHDFWLRQ 7LPH WDNHQ IRU PDUN ; WR EHFRPH
invisible /disappear
Constant variable: Volume and concentration of sodium thiosulphate/ sulphuric acid
/ size of conical flask
3 (c)
Rubric
Able to state the relationship correctly between the manipulated variable and the
responding variable with direction.
Sample answer:
77
Score
3
The higher/lower the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution, the higher/lower

the rate of reaction. //
The higher/lower the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution, the
VKRUWHUORQJHU WKH WLPH WDNHQ IRU PDUN ; WR GLVDSSHDU IURP VLJKWYLHZ
3(d)
Rubric
Able to give complete list of materials and apparatus
Sample answer:
Materials : Sodium thiosulphate solution, sulphuric acid.
Apparatus : Conical flask, ,bunsen burner, measuring cylinder, stop-watch,
filter paper.
Rubric
3(e)
Score
Score
Able to list all the steps correctly

Sample Answer:
1. ; PDUN LV GUDZQ RQ D SLHFH RI ZKLWHILOWHU FDUGERDUG SDSHU

2. 50 cm3of sodium thiosuphate solution [(0.01-1.0) mol dm ]-3is
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
78
measured with a measuring cylinder and is poured into a conical flask.

The solution is slowly heated until 30 oC.
5 cm3of hydrochloric acid [(0.1- 2.0) mol dm -3
] is measured with a
measuring cylinder and is added to the conical flask. A stop-watch is
3
started immediately.
The conical flask is swirled and is placed on a filter paper with a mark
;
7 KH ; PDUN LV REVHUYHG YHUWLFDOO\ IURP WKH WRS
through the solution.
The stop-ZDWFK LV VWRSSHG LPPHGLDWHO\ ZKHQ WKH ; PDUN FDQQRW EH
seen. Time is recorded.
The experiment is repeated by using the sodium thiosuphate solution at
40 oC, 50 oC, 60 Co and 70 Co respectively.
Rubric
Able to tabulate the data with following aspects
3 (f)
Score
1. Correct titles with units

2. Complete list of temperatures
Sample answer:
Temperature ( oC)
Time (s)
30
40
50
60
70
PAPER 3 SET 5
Rubric
Able to state four observations correctly
1(a)
Score
Sample answers:
Observations at anode
Blue litmus paper : turn red then bleached / decolourise
Glowing splinter : no change
Blue litmus paper : no change
Glowing splinter : is rekindled / relighted
Rubric
1(b) Able to state the colour change in the copper (II) chloride solution correctly
Score
3
Sample answer:
The intensity of the blue solution decreases / reduced //
Blue colour of solution fades gradually //
Blue solution becomes light blue
Rubric
1(c) Able to state all the variable and the action to be taken correctly
Score
Sample answer:
Name of variables
Concentration of copper (II) chloride
solution
Gas collected at anode
Type of solution
79
Action to be taken
Change the concentration from 1.0 mol
dm-3to 0.001 mol dm -3
The change of damp blue litmus paper
and glowing splinter
Use the same copper (II) chloride
solution
Rubric
1(d) Able to state the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding
variable with direction.
Score
3
Sample answer:
The higher the concentration of ion in the solution in the electrolyte, the higher the
chance the ion discharged at anode
Rubric
Score
3
1(e) Able to classify the ions correctly

-write the name or symbols of the ions.
Sample answer:
Cations
Copper (II) ions, Cu2+
Hydrogen ions, H+
Anions
Hydroxide ions, OHChloride ions, Cl-
Rubric
Able to state all the observation and inference correctly.
Sample answer:
Observation
White fume is released
White solid is formed
The mass of crucible and its content
increases
2(a)
inference
Magnesium oxide is formed
Magnesium reacts wth oxygen
Rubric
Able to state all the masses accurately
2 (b)
Sample answer:
The crucible and lid = 25.35 g
The crucible, lid and magnesium ribbon = 27.75 g
The crucible, lid and magnesium oxide when cooled = 29.35 g
2 (c)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
80
Rubric
The mass of Mg = 27.75 25.35
= 2.4 g
The mass of Oxygen = 29.35 27.75
= 1.6 g
The number of mole of Mg = 2.4/24
= 0.1 mole
The number of mole of O = 1.6/16
= 0.1 mole
The ratio of Mg : O = 1 : 1
The empirical formula is MgO
Score
Score
Score
Rubric
0.1 mole of Mg reacts with 0.1 mole of oxygen//
1 mole of Mg reacts with 1 mole of oxygen
Score
Rubric
Able to predict and give a reason for the prediction
Score
2 (d)
2 (e)
Sample answer:
3
Cannot because copper is a less electropositive metal. Copper cannot reacts with
oxygen gas to produce copper (II) oxide.
2 (f)
Rubric
Able to classify the oxides into two groups, those which are basic oxides and those
which are acidic oxides correctly
Score
Sample answer:
Basic oxides
Magnesium oxide
Copper (II) oxide
Acidic oxides
Sulphur oxide
Carbon dioxide
Rubric
Able to give the statement of the problem accurately. Response is in question form.
Score
3
3(a)
Sample answer
How does ethanoic acid and ammonia solution affects the coagulation of latex?
3(b)
Rubric
Able to state the three variables correctly
Score
3
Sample answer:
Manipulated : ethanoic acid and ammonia solution
Responding
: coagulate / coagulation of latex
Fixed
: latex
3(c)
Rubric
Able to state the relationship correctly
Score
3
Ethanoic acid coagulates the latex while ammonia solution does not coagulate the
latex.
3(d)
Rubric
Able to state the complete list of apparatus and material as follows.
Materials: ethanoic acid 0.5 mol dm-3 and ammonia solution
Apparatus: Beaker, measuring cylinder, glass rod, dropper
81
Score
3
Rubric
3(e)
Score
3
Able to list all the steps correctly
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
10 cm3of latex is poured into a beaker.

Ethanoic acid is added into the beaker using a dropper.
The mixture is stirred using glass rod.
The beaker is left aside.
The observation is recorded
Experiment is repeated using ammonia solution to replace ethanoic
acid.
Rubric
3(f)
Score

Mixture
Latex + ethanoic acid
Latex + ammonia solution
Observation
PAPER 3 SET 6
1(a)(i)
RUBRIC
Able to record all reading accurately with units
Sample answer :
Experiment
I
II
III
Copper
1.35 cm
1.60 cm
1.50 cm
SCORE
3
Bronze
1.20 cm
1.00 cm
1.20 cm
RUBRIC
1(a)(ii) Able to construct the table with correct label and unit
SCORE
3
Sample answer :
Type of
blocks
Copper
Bronze
1(b)
I
1.35
1.20
Diameter of dents (cm)

II
III
1.60
1.50
1.00
1.20
Average diameter
of dents (cm)
1.48
1.13
RUBRIC
Able to state the observation correctly and accurately
Sample answer :
The average diameter of dents on bronze block is 1.13 cm and the average
diameter of dents on copper block is 1.48 cm//
The size / diameter of dents on bronze block is smaller than size / diameter of
dents on copper block//
82
SCORE
3
1(c)
RUBRIC
Able to state the inference correctly and accurately
SCORE
3
Sample answer :
Bronze is harder than copper //
Copper is less harder than bronze
1(d)
RUBRIC
Able to state operational definition correctly
SCORE
3
Sample answer :
The smaller dent produced when 1 kg weight is dropped on the block.
1(e)
RUBRIC
Able to explain the arrangement of particles in the materials correctly
SCORE
3
Sample answer :
1. The atomic size of tin is bigger than copper // the atomic size of tin
and copper are different.
2. The presence of tin atoms in bronze disrupts the orderly arrangement
of copper atoms.
3. Reduces / prevent the layers of atoms from sliding over each other
easily
1 (f)
RUBRIC
Able to state the hypothesis correctly
SCORE
3
Sample answer :
Bronze is harder than copper //
Copper is less harder than bronze
1 (g)
RUBRIC
Able to state all three variables and all three action correctly
Sample answer :
(i)
Name of variables
Manipulated variable:
Type of materials //
copper and bronze
(ii) Responding variable:
Diameter of dent
(iii) Controlled variable:

Mass of weight // height
of the weight // size of
steel ball bearing
83
Action to be taken
(i) The way to manipulate variable:
Replace copper with bronze
(ii) What to observe in the responding
variable:
The diameter of the dent formed on
copper block and bronze block
(iii)The way to maintain the control
variable:
Uses same mass of weight // same
height of the weight // same size of ball
bearing
SCORE
3
2(a)
RUBRIC
Able to state 5 correct observations.
SCORE
3
Sample answer
Test tube
1
2
3
4
5
Observation
blue colour /solutions
High intensity of pink colour/ solutions
High intensity of blue colour /solutions
Low intensity of pink colour/ solutions
Low intensity of blue colour /solutions
RUBRIC
2(a)
Able to state 5 correct inferences.
SCORE
3
Sample answer
Test tube
Inference
2+
1
Iron(II) / Fe ions formed / produced in the solutions //
Iron / Fe rusted/corroded/oxidised
Iron(II) / Fe2+ ions are not formed /produced in the solutions //
2
Iron / Fe does not rust/ corrode/oxidised
Magnesium/Mg rusted/corroded /oxidised
Iron(II) / Fe2+ ions formed / produced in the solutions //
3
Iron / Fe rusted/ corroded/ oxidised
Iron(II) / Fe2+ ions are not formed /produced in the solutions //
4
Iron / Fe does not rust/ corrode/oxidised //
Zinc/Zn rusted/ corroded / oxidised
Iron(II) / Fe2+ ions formed / produced in the solutions //
5
Iron / Fe is rusted / corroded/ oxidised
2(b)
RUBRIC
Able to explain a difference in observation correctly between test tube 2 and 3
SCORE
3
Sample answer
Iron/Ferum/Fe in test tube 2 does not rust/ corrode/ oxidised because ferum is
in contact with a more electropositive metal, but iron/Ferum/Fe in test tube 3
rusts/ corrodes/ is oxidised because
ferum is in
contact with a less
electropositive metal. //
In test tube 2, magnesium is more electropositive than ferum/iron and and in
test tube 3, copper is less electropositive the ferum/iron.
2(c)
RUBRIC
Sample answer
When a more/less electropositive metal is in contact with iron/ferum/Fe, the
metal inhibits/(speeds up) rusting/corrosion of iron //
If the metal in contact with iron is higher/lower than iron/ferum/Fe in
electrochemical series, the rusting/corrosion of iron is slower/faster //
84
SCORE
3
2(d)
RUBRIC
Able to state all the variables in this experiment correctly.
SCORE
3
Sample answer
(i) Manipulated variables : Type/different metal // position of metal in
electrochemical series
(ii) Responding variable : Rusting / corrosion // presence of blue/pink colour
(iii) Constant variable : Size/mass of iron nail // type of nail // clean iron nails //
temperature // medium in which the iron nail are kept
2(e)
RUBRIC
Able to state the operational definition for the rusting of iron nail correctly.
SCORE
3
Sample answer
Rusting occurs when iron nail is in contact with copper/tin /less electropositive
metal and form blue colouration in potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) solution
2(f)
RUBRIC
Able to classify all the metals correctly.
Sample answer
Metals that inhibit rusting
Magnesium/Mg
Zinc/Zn
2(g)(i)
SCORE
3
Metals that speed up rusting

Tin/Sn
Copper/Cu
RUBRIC
Able to state the relationship between the time taken and the amount of rust
formed correctly.
SCORE
3
Sample answer
The longer the time taken, the greater/bigger/larger the rust formed // The
longer the time taken, more rust is formed // The rust formed is
greater/bigger/larger, when the time taken is longer.
2(g)(ii)
RUBRIC
Able to predict the time taken for the iron nail to completely rust correctly.
SCORE
3
Answer
Less than 5 days
2(h)(i)
RUBRIC
Able to record the voltmeter readings correctly in one decimal place.
Answer
Pairs
of metal
Magnesium and iron
Iron and copper
Iron and zinc
Iron and tin
85
Positive
terminal
Iron
Copper
Iron
Tin
Voltmeter reading
(V)
2.0
0.8
0.4
0.2
SCORE
3
2(h)(ii)
RUBRIC
Able to draw a labelled diagram accurately.
SCORE
3
Sample Answer
Voltmeter
Magnesium/Mg
Iron/Fe
Dilute sulphuric
acid /H2SO 4
3 (a)
RUBRIC
Able to Marke a statement of the problem accurately and must be in
question form
SCORE
3
Sample Answer
Able to How do the heat of neutralisation for reactions between acids and
alkalis of different strengths differ?
3 (b)
RUBRIC
SCORE
3
Manipulated Variable : different strength of acid // hydrochloric acid and

ethanoic acid
Responding variable : the value of heat of neutralisation
Fixed variable : volume and concentration of acid // volume and
concentration of alkali // polystyrene cup
3 (c)
RUBRIC
Able to state the relationship between manipulated variable and responding
variable correctly
SCORE
3
The value of heat of neutralisation for reaction between strong acid and
strong alkali is higher than of reaction between weak acid and strong alkali//
The value of heat of neutralisation for reaction between hydrochloric acid
and sodium hydroxide is higher than of reaction between ethanoic acid and
sodium hydroxide
3 (d)
RUBRIC
Able to state the list of substances and apparatus correctly and completely
Apparatus : Measuring cylinders, polystyrene cup with covers, thermometer
3
Material : 2.0 mol dm3sodium hydroxide, 2.0 mol dm ethanoic
acid, 2.0
3
mol dm hydrochloric acid
86
SCORE
3
3 (e)
RUBRIC
Able to state a complete experimental procedure
SCORE
3
1. Measure 50 cm3of 2.0 mol dm -3 sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
3 (f)
solution using a measuring cylinder. Pour it into a polystyrene cup

with a cover.
Measure 50 cm3of 2.0 mol dm -3 hydrochloric solution, HCl solution
using another measuring cylinder. Pour it into another polystyrene
cup with a cover.
Leave both the polystyrene cups on the table for 5 minutes. After 5
minutes, measure and record the initial temperatures of both the
solution.
Pour the hydrochloric acid, HCl quickly and carefully into the
polystyrene cup containing sodium hydroxide solution.
Stir the mixture using the thermometer.
Record the highest temperature of the reaction mixture.
Repeat steps 1 to 5 using ethanoic acid to replace the hydrochloric
acid.
RUBRIC
SCORE
3
Hydrochloric acid
Ethanoic acid
Initial temperature of alkali, C

o
Initial temperature of acid, C
Highest temperature of the
o
reaction mixture, C
PAPER 3 SET 7
1 (a)
RUBRIC
Able to record all the readings accurately to two decimal points with units.
SCORE
3
Sample answer:
3
Activity I : 26.05 cm ,326.90 cm , 30.05
cm
3
Activity II : 13.30 cm , 25.85 cm ,3 38.45 cm
1(b)
3
3
RUBRIC
Able to construct a table containing the following information:
1. Headings in the table
2. Transfer all data from 1(a) correctly
3. With units
SCORE
3
Sample answer:
Titration
number
87
Initial burette reading /

cm3
Final burette reading /

cm3
Volume of acid /
cm3
RUBRIC
1
2
3
1(c)
1(d)
1(e)
1(f)
1(g)
1(h)
1(i)
0.80
13.40
25.90
SCORE
13.30
25.85
38.45
12.50
12.45
12.55
RUBRIC
Able to show all the steps to calculate the concentration of sulphuric acid correctly.
Sample answer:
Step 1: Write the chemical equation:
2NaOH + H2SO 4 Na2SO 4+ 2H O
2
Step 2: Calculating the number of moles of sodium hydroxide
Number of mol of NaOH : 0.1 x 25 // 0.0025
1000
Step 3: Calculating the concentration of sulphuric acid
Concentration of H2SO 4 : ( 0.0025 x 1000 ) // 0.1 mol/dm 3
12.50 x 2
SCORE
3
RUBRIC
Able to state the colour change correctly
Sample answer:
Activity I : Pink change to colourless
Activity II : Yellow change to orange
SCORE
3
Able to state the correct type of acid in activity I and II and give the correct reason.
Sample answer:
Type of acid : Activity I use monoprotic acid and Activity II use diprotic acid.
Reason
: The volume of acid used in activity I is twice with the volume of acid
used in activity II.
RUBRIC
Able to state the colour change correctly
Sample answer:
Yellow change to orange and finally change to red
SCORE
3
RUBRIC
Able to predict the volume with the unit
Sample answer:
More than 25.00 cm3// 25.05 50.00 cm 3
SCORE
3
Able to state all the variable correctly

Manipulated Variable : Type of acid uses // type of indicator
3
-3
Responding Vvariable : Volume of acid to neutralize 25.0 cm of mol
dm
sodium
hydroxide solution // Change in the colour of the indicator.
Fixed Variable : Concentration and volume of sodium hydroxide solution.
RUBRIC
Able to state the hypothesis (relate the manipulated variable with the responding
variable) correctly.
Sample answer:
If use different type of acid to neutralize 25.0 cm3of 1.0 mol dm -3 sodium hydroxide
solution, the volume of acid use also different//
Different indicator used in the titration create different colour.
88
SCORE
3
RUBRIC
1(j)
1(k)
SCORE
RUBRIC
Able to give the operational definition for the end-point of titration in activity I
correctly. Able to describe the following criteria
What should be done
(i)
What should be observed
(ii)
Sample answer:
When hydrochloric acid is added to sodium hydroxide solution with phenolphthalein,
pink turns to colourless.
SCORE
3
RUBRIC
Able to classify all the acids into strong acid and weak acid correctly.
SCORE
3
Sample answer:
Strong acid
Nitric acid
Phosphoric acid
Weak acid
Ethanoic acid
Ascorbic acid
RUBRIC
2(a)
2(b)
Able to state the inference accurately

Sample answer
When alcohol react with carboxylic acid, ester is formed//Esters have sweet pleasant
smell property
RUBRIC
Able to construct a table correctly with the following information:
1. Columns with titles for alcohol, carboxylic acid, Ester
2. Name of all alcohols, carboxylic acid and ester
Alcohol
Methanol
Ethanol
Propanol
2(c)
Carboxylic acid
Ethanoic acid
Propanoic acid
Methanoic acid
RUBRIC
Able to name the alcohol and carboxylic acid correctly.
Alcohol: Propanol
Carboxylic acid: Butanoic acid
Able to state the three variables correctly.

Sample answer
Manipulated variable : Hexane and hexene
Responding variable : Colour change of bromine water // colour change of
potassium manganate (VII) solution
Fixed variable : Bromine water//acidified potassium manganate (VII) solution
89
SCORE
3
Ester
Methyl ethanoate
Ethyl propanoate
Propyl methanoate
RUBRIC
2(d)(i)
SCORE
3
SCORE
3
SCORE
3
RUBRIC
2(d)
(ii)
Able to state the hypothesis accurately
SCORE
3
Sample answer:
Hexene declourised the brown colour of bromine water, hexane does not// Hexene
declourised the purple colour of acidified potassium manganate(VII)
solution, hexane does not
2(d)(iii)
RUBRIC
Able to predict and Marke explanations accurately
SCORE
3
Answer
1. Hexene
2. Percentage of carbon atoms per molecule hexene is higher than hexane
3. Percentage of carbon in hexane = 72 x 100
84
= 85.71 %
4. Percentage of carbon in hexane = 72 x 100
86
= 83.72 %
3(a)
RUBRIC
Able to state the problem statement accurately
Sample answer
Are the effectiveness of the cleansing action of soap and detergent in hard water
different?
3(b)
RUBRIC
Able to state the three variables accurately.
SCORE
SCORE
3
Answer
Manipulated variable: Soap and detergent
Responding variable: Effectiveness of cleansing action // the ability to remove
the oily stains on cloth
Fixed variable: cloth with oily stains, hard water
3(c)
RUBRIC
Able to state the hypothesis accurately with direction
SCORE
3
Sample answer
The cleansing action of a detergent is more effective in hard water than a soap
3(d)
RUBRIC
Able to state the complete list of apparatus and material as follows
SCORE
3
List of apparatus : 2 beakers, , glass rod

List of material : Hard water, soft water, soap and detergent solution, 2 pieces of
cloths stained with oil
3(e)
RUBRIC
Able to state procedures correctly as follows
1. [50 - 200] cm3of hard water is poured into a beaker

2. Soap is added into the beakers
90
SCORE
3
3.
4.
5.
6.
A piece of cloth stained with oil is immersed in the solution

The cloth is shaken/rubbed/stirred
Observation is recorded
Repeat steps 1 6 by using detergent .
RUBRIC
3(f)
SCORE

Sample answer
Type of cleaning agent
Soap
Detergent
Observation
91

Answer Chem P Score X A Plus Module 2013

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@Hak cipta BPSBPSK/SBP/2013

Perfect Score & X A Plus Module/mark scheme 2013

@Hak cipta BPSBPSK/SBP/2013

MODULE PERFECT SCORE & X A-PLUS 2013

SET 1 :THE STRUCTURE OF ATOM, PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS AND

between the naphthalene molecules / particles.

The particles move faster

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

Atom W and Y have the same number of valence electrons

(iii) To estimate the age of fossils /artefacts.

Perfect Score & X A Plus Module/mark scheme 2013

@Hak cipta BPSBPSK/SBP/2013

Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

shows nucleus and three shells occupied with electron

Label 12 proton, 12 neutron

Perfect Score & X A Plus Module/mark scheme 2013

@Hak cipta BPSBPSK/SBP/2013

Atom F has achieve stable/octet electron arrangement // has 8 valence electron

Show coloured ion//formed complex ion//has various oxidation number//act as

Increasing of proton number.

Na/sodium, Mg/magnesium ....

Atomic size decreases across the period // Period 3.

1. Number of protons in atom increases when across the period.

Chlorine more reactive than bromine

Perfect Score & X A Plus Module/mark scheme 2013

@Hak cipta BPSBPSK/SBP/2013

1. P can be change to Q through freezing process.

1. P can change to R through boiling.

move faster as the temperature increase

1. R can be change to P through condensation process.

Perfect Score & X A Plus Module/mark scheme 2013

@Hak cipta BPSBPSK/SBP/2013

Atom Q and atom R form ionic bond.

Atom R receives an electron to form ion R-//equation and achieve a stable

Perfect Score & X A Plus Module/mark scheme 2013

@Hak cipta BPSBPSK/SBP/2013

12 represents the nucleon number.

Able to draw the structure of an atom elements X.

Perfect Score & X A Plus Module/mark scheme 2013

@Hak cipta BPSBPSK/SBP/2013

Atoms W and Y form covalent bond.

Atom X and atom Y form ionic bond.

Perfect Score & X A Plus Module/mark scheme 2013

@Hak cipta BPSBPSK/SBP/2013

1. Correct number of shells and valence electrons

1. Floats and moves fast on the water

Neutral molecules are not

Perfect Score & X A Plus Module/mark scheme 2013

@Hak cipta BPSBPSK/SBP/2013

Compound formed between X

Molecule formed between Z and

Ionic bond is formed because X

Covalent bond is formed because

Inovelve sharing of electron

1.Correct electron arrangement of 2 ions

3. X atom with an electron arrangement of 2.8.2 donates 2 valence electrons to

achieve the stable octet electron arrangement, 2.8. X 2+ ion is formed //

4. Y atom with an electron arrangement of 2.6 accept 2 electrons to achieve the

stable octet electron arrangement, 2.8. Y 2- ion is formed //

Perfect Score & X A Plus Module/mark scheme 2013

@Hak cipta BPSBPSK/SBP/2013

1. A crucible is filled with solid P until it is half full.

using connecting wire.