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SA 2000 kg/hr
AAH 5000 L/hr
PA 1250 L/hr
ASA
product
Acid
waste
70C
Mixer
Pump
cooling
water
Heat
Filtration
Exchanger Sequence
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
From Equation 6
From Equation 7:
From Equation 8:
From Equation 9:
From Equation 1:
m SA, feed
2,000,000g /hr
gmol
= 14,400
MW SA
138.1g /gmol
hr
rcons,AAH = rcons,SA = 14,400 gmol/hr
rform,ASA = rcons,SA = 14,400 gmol/hr
rform,AA = rcons,SA = 14,400 gmol/hr
m SA, feed
MW SA
rcons,SA =
From Equation 2:
= 0.995
2,000,000g /hr
gmol
gmol
14,400
= 72.4
138.1g /gmol
hr
hr
(=10.0 kg/hr)
rcons,AAH
Chapter 14 Answer Key, Introduction to Chemical Engineering: Tools for Today and Tomorrow
g
cm 3
1.08 3 5,000,000
hr
cm
102.1g /gmol
From Equation 3:
PAVPA
=
MW PA
14,400
g
cm 3
1.68 3 1,250,000
hr
cm
998.0g /gmol
gmol
hr
gmol
= 14,400
hr
gmol
gmol
= 38,500
hr
hr
(= 3,930 kg/hr)
= 21,400
gmol
hr
(= 2,100 kg/hr)
From Equation 4:
(= 2,600 kg/hr)
From Equation 5:
n AA,out = rform,AA
(= 865 kg/hr)
(10)
Species balance:
Water: n water,in = n water,out + rcons,water
AA: n AA,in + rform,AA = n AA,out
Conversion:
Stoichiometry:
rform,AA
rcons,AAH
rcons,water
rcons,AAH
(11)
(12)
(13)
2
1
1
=
1
(14)
(15)
gmol
hr
(= 5,490 kg/hr)
waterVwater,in
rcons,water
MW water
Chapter 14 Answer Key, Introduction to Chemical Engineering: Tools for Today and Tomorrow
g
cm 3
1 3 22,000,000
cm
hr
18g /gmol
38,500
gmol
gmol
= 1,184,000
hr
hr
(= 21,300 kg/hr)
kg
hr
Filtration Sequence
Product Stream: This will consist of all of the ASA and SA that enter. These amounts are
ASA: 14,400 gmol/hr
SA:
72 gmol/hr
(the product stream will be 99.5 mole% ASA)
Acid Waste Stream: This will consist of all the AA, PA, and water that enter. These are:
AA:
91,400 gmol/hr
PA:
21,400 gmol/hr
Water: 1,184,000 gmol/hr
(the acid stream will be 7.0 mole% acetic acid, which is approximately 3.2 molar)
Equipment Sizing
Reactor
rcons,SA = rrxn,SAVreactor = krxn(cSAV)reactor
= krxn cSA,out Vreactor
= krxn
So,
Vreactor =
n SA,out
Vreactor
Vout
rcons,SAVout
r
m out
= cons,SA
k rxn n SA,out k rxn n SA,out out
gmol
g
14,400
9,500,000
hr
hr
=
= 880,000cm 3 = 880L
gmol
g
3600s
0.5s1 72
1.2
hr cm 3 hr
= 233 gal
Pump
The shaft work per mass of fluid is
Chapter 14 Answer Key, Introduction to Chemical Engineering: Tools for Today and Tomorrow
P1 P2
where the density of the streams is given as 1.2 g/cm3 (which converts to 74.9 lbm/ft3)
ws =
So,
ws =
22 + 260 psi
in 2
1hp
hp
= 0.986
144
3
2 550 ft lb /s
lbm /s
74.9lbm / ft
ft
f
g
hp 1hr 2.205lbm
W = m w s = 31,500,000 0.986
= 19.0hp
hr
lbm /s 3600s 1,000g
But this is power delivered to the fluid. The total power required to operate the pump
(Equation 7.11) is
Energy Balances
Reactor
J
gmol
9 J
The heat of reaction is H rxn rcons,SA = 85,800
= 1.24 x10
14,400
gmol
hr
hr
Thus, the amount of cooling water needed is that which will provide that much sensible
cooling:
Q water = m water C p water (Tout Tin )
so,
m water =
Q water
1.24 x10 9 J /hr
g
=
= 13.4 x10 6
C p water (Tout Tin )
hr
J
4.184
( 40C 18C )
gC
= 13,400 L/hr
= 3,550 gal/hr
Mixer
As explained in Technical Information item #4, Q reactor outlet = Q ultrapure water
m reactor outlet C p reactor outlet Tfinal Treactor outlet = m ultrapure water C p water Tfinal Tultrapure water
solving:
Tfinal =
m reactor outlet C p reactor outlet Treactor outlet + m ultrapure water C p water Tultrapure water
m reactor outlet C p reactor outlet + m ultrapure water C p water
Chapter 14 Answer Key, Introduction to Chemical Engineering: Tools for Today and Tomorrow
g
J
g
J
9,500,000 1.67
( 70C ) + 22,000,000 4.184
(25C )
hr
gC
hr
gC
=
= 31.6C
g
J
g
J
9,500,000 1.67
+ 22,000,000 4.184
hr
gC
hr
gC
Heat Exchanger
The heat duty is Q duty = m mixer out C p mixer out Texchanger out Texchangerin
g
J
J
= 31,500,000 3.41
( 31.6 25C ) = 709,000,000
hr
gC
hr
= 672,000 Btu/hr
m water
Q water
709x10 6 J /hr
g
=
=
= 19.7x10 6
= 5,200 gal/hr
Heat
Exchanger
25C
18C Cooling water
T1 = 5C = 9F
T2 = 7C = 12.6F
12.6F 9F
= 10.7F
ln12.6F 9F
Btu
From Table 10.4, U 50
hr ft 2 F
Tlog mean =
A=
Q duty
U Tlog mean
Btu
hr
=
= 1,260 ft 2
Btu
50
(10.7F )
2
hr ft F
672,000
Economics
Capital Investment
Chapter 14 Answer Key, Introduction to Chemical Engineering: Tools for Today and Tomorrow
Reactor Cost:
M &S
1469
.61
.61
47.0 (V gal ) =
47.0 ( 233gal ) = $2, 300
814
814
Cooler Cost:
M &S
398 A ft 2
814
Pump Cost:
M &S
gal
421 V
min
814
.65
1469
398 1260 ft 2
814
.65
= $74, 400
.46
cm 3
gal 1m 3 1hr
gal
264.17
= 139
Where V = 3.15x10 7
3
6
3
hr
m 10 cm 60min
min
1469
gal
421 139
Pump Cost =
814
min
So
.46
= $7, 300
$2,900,000
= $51,380,000 / yr
kg day year
lbm hr
$0.49 5000L 1.08kg 2.205lbm 24hr 365days
AAH:
= $51,110,000 / yr
kg day year
lbm hr L
$0.34 1250L 1.68kg 2.205lbm 24hr 365days
PA:
= $13,790,000 / yr
kg day year
lbm hr L
TOTAL = $116,280,000/yr
SA:
Ultrapure Water:
$0.03 22,000L 1.0kg 2.205lbm 24hr 365days
= $12,750,000 / yr
kg day year
lbm hr L
$0.03
gal 24hr 365days
Cooling Water:
3,550 + 5,200
= $2,300 / yr
hr day year
1000gal
$0.05
745.7W 1kW 24hr 365days
Electricity:
(22.4hp)
= $7,300 / yr
hp 1000W day year
kW hr
Chapter 14 Answer Key, Introduction to Chemical Engineering: Tools for Today and Tomorrow
Operating Cost = 1.55($116,280,000+$12,750,000+$2,300+$7,300) = $200,000,000/yr
Sales:
Aspirin:
Acid Waste:
= $199,910,000 / yr
kg day year
lbm hr
$0.013 28,900kg 2.205lbm 24hr 365days
= $7,260,000 / yr
hr
kg day year
lbm
TOTAL SALES
= $207,170,000/yr
ROI =
NAPAT
$3, 720, 000 / yr
=
= 21.8%
CapitalInvestment
$17, 030, 000