Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2 Brakes
3 Belt Drives
Geometrical Relationships12
Analysis of Belt Tensions13
Condition for Maximum Power13
Selection of Flat Belts from the Manufactures
Catalogue13
Selection of V-Belts15
4 Chain Drives
Roller Chains20
Geometrical Relationships20
Power Rating of Roller Chains21
Sprocket Wheels24
A MEADinfo Publication
Stribecks Equation25
Equivalent Bearing Load26
Shinto Mathew
7 Spur Gears
8 Helical Gears
9 Bevel Gears
A MEADinfo Publication
Force Analysis57
Shinto Mathew
10 Worm Gears
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
FRICTION CLUTCHES
Notations:D = outer diameter of friction disk.
d = inner diameter of friction disk.
p = intensity of pressure.
P = total operating force.
(M t ) f = torque transmitted by friction.
z = number of pairs of contacting surfaces, for single plate
clutch z=one. (z = number of plates 1).
= coefficient of friction.
rd
rg
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
P=
(M t ) f
4
=
(D 2 d 2 )
Pz (D3 d 3 )
3 (D 2 d 2 )
(M t ) f
A MEADinfo Publication
Pz
4
(D + d )
Shinto Mathew
Cone Clutches
Uniform pressure theory
P=
(Mt ) f
(D 2 d 2 )
Pz (D3 d 3 )
=
3sin (D2 d 2 )
(M t ) f
Pz
(D + d )
4 sin
Centrifugal Clutches
Ps =
m 12 rg
1000
mr g rd z ( 22 12 )
(M t ) f
1000
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
Brakes
Notations:E = total energy absorbed by the brake.
K.E = kinetic energy absorbed by the brake.
P.E = potential energy absorbed by the brake.
m = mass of the system.
I = mass moment of inertia of the rotating body.
k = radius of gyration.
v1 , v 2 = Initial and final velocities of the system
E = M t
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
M t = NR
Where
= Braking Torque
R = Radius of the Brake Drum
= Coefficient of Friction
N = Normal reaction
Mt
N = plw
Where
p = Permissible pressure between the block and
the brake drum
l = length of the block
w = width of the block
R X = N
RY = ( N P )
(a c)
P=
N
b
Pivoted block brake with long shoe
P = Pmax cos
h=
A MEADinfo Publication
4 R sin
2 + sin 2
Shinto Mathew
M t = 2 R 2 wp max sin
1
Rwp max ( 2 + sin 2 )
2
1
RY = Rwp max (2 + sin 2 )
2
RX =
Mf =
Mn M f
C
Mn + M f
C
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
10
Band Brakes
P1 = tension on the tight side of the band.
P2 = tension on the loose side of the band.
p=
P
Rw
pmax =
P1
Rw
p = intensity of pressure.
w = width of the frictional lining.
Differential band brake.
P2 (a b e )
p=
l
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
11
Thermal Considerations
t =
E
mc
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
12
Belt Drives
GEOMETRICAL RELATIONSHIPS
Open belt drive
Dd
)
2C
1 D d
b = 180 + 2 sin (
)
2C
s = 180 2 sin 1 (
L = 2C +
(D + d )
2
(D d ) 2
+
4C
s = b = 180 + 2 sin 1 (
L = 2C +
A MEADinfo Publication
(D + d )
2
D+d
)
2C
( D + d )2
+
4C
Shinto Mathew
13
P1 mv 2
f
=
e
P2 mv 2
f
P1 mv 2
=e
2
P2 mv
sin(
Power transmitted= ( P1
1
)
2
(For V-belts)
P2 )v
v =
Pi
3m
Shinto Mathew
14
Fa
1.0
1.2
1.3
1.5
s (degrees)
Fd
HI-SPEED
FORT
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
15
40 50 63 76
44 50 63 76
100 112 125 152
125 152 180 200
90
0.0118v
(5.08)
0.0147v
(5.08)
SELECTION OF V-BELTS
Dimensions of standard cross-sections
Belt Section
Width
Thickness
Minimum pitch
W(mm)
T(mm)
diameter of pulley(mm)
A
13
8
125
B
17
11
200
C
22
14
300
D
32
19
500
E
38
23
630
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
16
125
236
475
1000
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
17
Number _ of _ belts =
Where
(transmitted _ power _ in _ kW ) Fa
kW _ rating _ of _ belt Fd Fl
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
18
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
19
Li
3658
4013
4115
4394
4572
4953
5334
6045
6807
7569
A
-
B
1.11
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.18
1.19
-
Belt section
C
1.00
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.07
1.08
1.11
1.14
1.16
D
0.90
0.92
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.96
0.96
1.00
1.03
1.05
E
0.94
0.96
0.99
1.01
0.9
0.8
Fd
0.7
0.6
0.5
120
150
180
s (Degrees)
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
20
Chain Drives
Roller Chains
Dimensions and breaking loads of roller chains
ISO chain
number
Pitch p
(mm)
Roller
diameter
d1 (mm)
06 B
08 B
10 B
12 B
16 B
20 B
24 B
28 B
32 B
40 B
9.525
12.70
15.875
19.05
25.40
31.75
38.10
44.45
50.80
63.50
6.35
8.51
10.16
12.07
15.88
19.05
25.40
27.94
29.21
39.37
Width b1
(mm)
5.72
7.75
9.65
11.68
17.02
19.56
25.40
30.99
30.99
38.10
10.24
13.92
16.59
19.46
31.88
36.45
48.36
59.56
58.55
72.29
10.7
18.2
22.7
29.5
65.0
98.1
108.9
131.5
172.4
272.2
Geometric Relationships
n1
z
= 2
n2
z1
zpn
v
=
Average velocity,
60 10 3
Velocity ratio, i =
a z1 + z 2 z 2 z1 p
+
chain, L n = 2 +
p
2
2
a
2
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
21
2
2
p
z2 z1
z1 + z2
z1 + z2
a = Ln
8
+ Ln
4
2
2
2
P1v
1000
Where
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
22
kW rating of chain =
Where
(kW _ to _ be _ transmitted ) K s
K1 K 2
K s = service factor
K1
1
2
3
4
5
6
A MEADinfo Publication
1.0
1.7
2.5
3.3
3.9
4.6
Shinto Mathew
23
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
24
SPROCKET WHEELS
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
25
2
= cos
1
2 P2
=
1 P1
23
C 0 = P1 M
Where,
M = 1 + 2 (cos
)5 2
+ 2 (cos 2
)5 2 ]
C0 = Static load
1 , 2 ... = radial deflections at the respective balls.
360
z
Where
z is number of balls
z
is practically
M
z
5 for
M
1
C 0 = zP1
5
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
26
P1 = kd 2
kd 2 z
C0 =
5
Equivalent Bearing Load
P = XFr + YFa
C
L=
P
Where L = bearing life (in million revolutions)
C = dynamic load capacity (N)
p=3
(for ball bearing)
p = 10/3 (for roller bearing)
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
27
Fa
C0
0.025
0.040
0.070
0.130
0.250
0.500
Fa
Fr
Fa
Fr
> e
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.56
0.56
0.56
0.56
0.56
0.56
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.22
0.24
0.27
0.31
0.37
0.44
P = XFr + YFa
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
28
Basic load
ratings(N)
C
1480
4620
5070
8060
1430
5070
6890
9750
1560
5590
7800
11400
1680
6050
9560
13500
22900
2700
7020
9360
12700
15900
30700
3120
7610
11200
Designation
C0
630
1960
2240
3750
695
2240
3100
4650
815
2500
3550
5400
930
2800
4500
6550
11800
1500
3400
4500
6200
7800
16600
1960
4000
5600
61800
6000
6200
6300
61801
6001
6201
6301
61802
6002
6202
6302
61803
6003
6202
6303
6403
61804
16400
6004
6204
6304
6404
61805
16005
6005
Shinto Mathew
29
30
35
40
45
50
55
A MEADinfo Publication
52
62
80
42
55
55
62
72
90
47
62
62
72
80
100
52
68
68
80
90
110
58
75
75
85
100
120
65
80
80
90
110
130
72
15
17
21
7
9
13
16
19
23
7
9
14
17
21
25
7
9
15
18
23
27
7
10
16
19
25
29
7
10
16
20
27
31
9
14000
22500
35800
3120
11200
13300
19500
28100
43600
4030
12400
15900
25500
33200
55300
4160
13300
16800
30700
41000
63700
6050
15600
21200
33200
52700
76100
6240
16300
21600
35100
61800
87100
8320
6950
11400
19600
2080
5850
6800
10000
14600
24000
3000
6950
8500
13700
18000
31000
3350
7800
9300
16600
22400
36500
3800
9300
12200
18600
30000
45500
4250
10000
12300
19600
36000
52000
5600
6205
6305
6405
61806
16006
6006
6206
6306
6406
61800
16007
6007
6207
6307
6407
61808
16008
6008
6208
6308
6408
61809
16009
6009
6209
6309
6409
61810
16010
6010
6210
6310
6410
61811
Shinto Mathew
30
60
65
70
75
A MEADinfo Publication
90
90
100
120
140
78
95
95
110
130
150
85
100
100
120
140
160
90
110
110
125
150
180
95
115
115
130
160
190
11
18
21
29
33
10
11
18
22
31
35
10
11
18
23
33
37
10
13
20
24
35
42
10
13
20
25
37
45
19500 12200
28100 17000
43600 25000
71500 41500
99500 63000
8710
6100
19900 13200
29600 18300
47500 28000
81900 48000
108000 69500
11700
8300
21200 14600
30700 19600
55900 34000
92300 56000
119000 78000
12100
9150
28100 19000
37700 24500
61800 37500
104000 63000
143000 104000
12500
9800
28600 20000
39700 26000
66300 40500
112000 72000
153000 114000
16011
6011
6211
6311
6411
61812
16012
6012
6212
6312
6412
61813
16013
6013
6213
6313
6413
61814
16014
6014
6214
6314
6414
61815
10615
6015
6215
6315
6415
Shinto Mathew
31
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
32
Fa =
0.5Fr
Y
P = Fr when(Fa Fr ) e
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
33
30
35
40
45
50
A MEADinfo Publication
62
72
72
72
62
72
72
72
72
80
80
80
80
68
75
80
80
80
85
90
90
90
75
80
85
85
85
95
95
100
100
100
100
80
25
20.75
20.75
28.75
18
18.25
24.25
24.25
28
22.75
22.75
32.75
32.75
19
26
19.75
24.75
32
33
25.25
25.25
35.25
20
26
20.75
24.75
32
29
36
27.25
27.25
38.25
38.25
20
60500
52800
44600
72100
40200
48400
61600
57200
79200
68200
57200
89700
88000
49500
74800
58300
70400
96800
114000
80900
69300
110000
55000
79200
62700
74800
101000
84200
140000
101000
85800
132000
128000
57200
33206
30306
31306
32306
32007X
30207
32207
32207B
33207
30307
31307
32307
32307B
32008X
33108
30208
32208
33208
T2EE040
30308
31308
32308
32009X
33109
30209
32209
33209
T7FC045
T2ED045
30309
31309
32309
32309B
32010X
0.35
0.31
0.83
0.31
0.46
0.37
0.37
0.57
0.35
0.31
0.83
0.31
0.54
0.37
0.35
0.37
0.37
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.83
0.35
0.40
0.37
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.88
0.33
0.35
0.83
0.35
0.54
0.43
1.7
1.9
0.72
1.9
1.3
1.6
1.6
1.05
1.7
1.9
0.72
1.9
1.1
1.6
1.7
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.72
1.7
1.5
1.6
1.5
1.5
1.5
0.68
1.8
1.7
0.72
1.7
1.1
1.4
Shinto Mathew
34
50
60
70
A MEADinfo Publication
80
85
90
90
90
100
105
110
110
110
110
95
95
100
110
110
110
115
115
125
130
130
130
130
110
110
120
125
125
125
130
140
140
150
24
26
21.75
24.75
32
36
32
29.25
29.25
42.25
42.25
23
27
30
23.75
29.75
38
39
40
37
33.5
33.5
48.5
48.5
25
31
37
26.25
33.25
41
43
39
32
38
64400
80900
70400
76500
108000
145000
102000
117000
99000
161000
151000
76500
85800
110000
91300
119000
157000
157000
183000
145000
161000
134000
216000
205000
95200
121000
161000
119000
147000
190000
220000
168000
264000
209000
33010
33110
30210
32210
33210
T2ED050
T7FC050
30310
31310
32310
32310B
32012X
33012
33112
30212
32212
33212
T5ED060
T2EE060
T7FC060
30312
31312
32312
32312B
32014X
33014
33114
30214
32214
33214
T2ED070
T7FC070
T4FE070
3014
0.31
0.40
0.43
0.43
0.40
0.35
0.88
0.35
0.83
0.35
0.54
0.43
0.33
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.54
0.33
0.83
0.35
0.83
0.35
0.54
0.43
0.28
0.37
0.43
0.43
0.40
0.33
0.88
0.44
0.35
1.9
1.5
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.7
0.68
1.7
0.72
1.7
1.1
1.4
1.8
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.1
1.8
0.72
1.7
0.72
1.7
1.1
1.4
2.1
1.6
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.8
0.68
1.35
1.7
Shinto Mathew
35
70
80
90
100
150
A MEADinfo Publication
150
150
150
125
125
130
140
140
140
145
170
170
170
170
140
140
150
155
160
160
190
190
190
145
150
150
165
180
180
180
215
215
215
225
38
54
54
29
36
37
28.25
35.25
46
46
42.5
42.5
61.5
61.5
32
39
45
46
32.5
42.5
46.5
46.5
67.5
24
32
39
47
37
49
63
51.5
56.5
77.5
48
176000
275000
264000
128000
157000
168000
140000
176000
233000
264000
255000
212000
358000
336000
157000
205000
238000
270000
183000
238000
308000
251000
429000
119000
161000
212000
292000
233000
297000
402000
380000
352000
539000
347000
31314
32314
32314B
32016X
33016
33116
30216
32216
33216
T2ED080
30316
31316
32316
32316B
32018X
33018
33118
T2ED090
30218
32218
30318
31318
32318
T4CB100
32020X
33020
T2EE100
30220
32220
33220
30320
31320X
32320
32030X
0.83
0.35
0.54
0.43
0.28
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.31
0.35
0.83
0.35
0.54
0.43
0.27
0.40
0.33
0.43
0.43
0.35
0.83
0.35
0.48
0.46
0.28
0.31
0.43
0.43
0.40
0.35
0.83
0.35
0.46
0.72
1.7
1.1
1.4
2.1
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.9
1.7
0.72
1.7
1.1
1.4
2.2
1.5
1.8
1.4
1.4
1.7
0.72
1.7
1.25
1.3
2.1
1.9
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.7
0.72
1.7
1.3
Shinto Mathew
36
150
200
300
A MEADinfo Publication
270
270
320
320
280
310
360
360
420
49
77
72
82
51
70
64
104
76
402000
682000
765000
837000
446000
704000
737000
1140000
990000
30230
32230
30330
31330X
32940
32040X
30240
32240
32960
0.43
0.43
0.35
0.83
0.40
0.43
0.43
0.40
0.40
1.4
1.4
1.7
0.72
1.5
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.5
Shinto Mathew
37
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
38
BP 3
Pe = 3
1
log
e
L
R
=
L
90 log 1
e
R90
Where b = 1.17
A MEADinfo Publication
1b
Shinto Mathew
39
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
40
Pi h03
R
6 log e 0
Ri
Pi R 02 R i2
W =
2
R0
log e
R i
n ( R0 Ri )
(kW ) f =
6
h0
58.05 10
( kW ) f = power loss due to friction
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
41
( kW ) t = ( kW ) p + ( kW ) f
( kW ) t = total power loss
Reynolds Equation
3 p 3 p
h
h
+ h
= 6 U
x x z z
x
l
d
h0
c
0
1.0
0.1
0.9
0.2
0.8
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.8
0.2
0.9
0.1
0.97 0.03
1.0
0
0
1.0
0.1
0.9
0.2
0.8
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.8
0.2
0.9
0.1
A MEADinfo Publication
0.240
0.123
0.0626
0.0389
0.021
0.0115
_
0
1.33
0.631
0.264
0.121
0.0446
0.0188
r
f
c
70.92
69.10 4.80
67.26 2.57
61.94 1.52
54.31 1.20
42.22 0.961
31.62 0.756
_
_
0
0
85
79.5
26.4
74.02 12.8
63.10 5.79
50.58 3.22
36.24 1.70
26.45 1.05
Qs
p max
0
3.03
0
2.83
0
2.26
0
1.56
0
0.760
0
0.411
0
_
0
0
0
0
3.37 0.150
3.59 0.280
3.99 0.497
4.33 0.680
4.62 0.842
4.74 0.919
_
0.826
0.814
0.764
0.667
0.495
0.358
_
0
_
0.540
0.529
0.484
0.415
0.313
0.247
rcn
l
s
Shinto Mathew
42
0.1
0.9
4.31
81.62
0.2
0.8
2.03
74.94
0.4
0.6
0.779 61.45
0.6
0.4
0.319 48.14
0.8
0.2
0.0923 33.31
0.9
0.1
0.0313 23.66
0.97 0.03 0.00609 13.75
1.0
0
0
0
0
1.0
89.5
0.1
0.9
16.2
82.31
0.2
0.8
7.57
75.18
0.4
0.6
2.83
60.86
0.6
0.4
1.07
46.72
0.8
0.2
0.261 31.04
0.9
0.1
0.0736 21.85
0.97 0.03 0.0101 12.22
1.0
0
0
0
0.514
0
4.82
0
85.6
40.9
17.0
8.10
3.26
1.60
0.610
0
3.43
3.72
4.29
4.85
5.41
5.69
5.88
_
322.0
153.0
61.1
26.7
8.8
3.50
0.922
0
3.45
3.76
4.37
4.99
5.60
5.91
6.12
_
0.973
1.0
0
0.173
0.318
0.552
0.730
0.874
0.939
0.980
1.0
0
0.180
0.330
0.567
0.746
0.884
0.945
0.984
1.0
0.152
_
_
0.523
0.506
0.441
0.365
0.267
0.206
0.126
0
_
0.515
0.489
0.415
0.334
0.240
0.180
0.108
0
c = R-r
Where c = radial clearance (mm)
R = radius of bearing
r = radius of journal
e
c
= 1
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
43
h0
is called the minimum film thickness variable
c
The Sommerfed number is given by
r n s
S =
c p
2
2n s fWr
10 6
Temperature Rise
8.3 p (CFV )
( FV )
t
= Ti +
2
t =
Tav
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
44
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
45
Spur Gears
The pitch circle diameter is given by
d 1 = mz
Centre to centre distance,
a=
mn ( z p + z g )
2
zg
zp
np
ng
1.50
8.00
1.75
9.00
2.00
10.00
2.25
11.00
2.5
12.00
2.75
14.0
3.00 4.0
16.00 20.00
3.50 4.5
18.00
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
46
Force Analysis
60 10 6 (kW )
Mt =
2n
pt =
2 mt
d1
Pr = Pt tan
Pt
cos
Number of Teeth
PN =
2
sin 2
Pressure angle ( )
z min =
z min (Theoretical)
z min (Practical)
14.5 0
20 0
25 0
32
17
11
27
14
Face Width
(3m)<b< (12m)
In preliminary stages of gear design, the face width assumed
as ten times of module.
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
47
S b = mb bY
Values of the Lewis form factor Y for 20 0 full depth involute
system
z
Y
z
Y
z
Y
A MEADinfo Publication
15
0.289
27
0.348
55
0.415
16
0.295
28
0.352
60
0.421
17
0.302
29
0.355
65
0.425
18
0.308
30
0.358
70
0.429
19
0.314
32
0.364
75
0.433
20
0.320
33
0.367
80
0.436
21
0.326
35
0.373
90
0.442
22
0.330
37
0.380
100
0.446
23
0.333
39
0.386
150
0.458
24
0.337
40
0.389
200
0.463
25
0.340
45
0.399
300
0.471
26
0.344
50
0.408
Rack
0.484
Shinto Mathew
48
Cv =
3
3+v
Cv =
6
6+v
5 .6
5 .6 + v
Peff =
C s Pt
Cv
Peff = (C s Pt + Pd )
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
49
Electric
motor
Turbine/Multi
cylinder engine
Single-cylinder
engine
1.10
1.25
1.50
1.25
1.50
1.75
1.75
2.00
2.25
Generators-feeding
mechanisms-belt conveyorsblowers-compressors-agitators
and mixers
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
50
60 10 6
m=
13
(kW )C ( fs )
znCv b S ut Y
m 3
c2 sin cos (1 E1 + 1 E 2 )
A MEADinfo Publication
1.4
Shinto Mathew
51
S w = bQd 1p K
Q=
2z g
zg z p
E1 = E 2 = 207000 N mm 2
= 20 0
c = 0.27(9.81)( BHN ) N mm 2
where BHN=Brinell Hardness Number.
Therefore,
BHN
K = 0.16
100
60 10 6
m=
13
(kW )C ( fs )
z 2p n p Cv b QK
A MEADinfo Publication
Sw
2
Shinto Mathew
52
Helical gears
P
cos
mn = m cos
Pn =
m n = normal module
m = transverse module
pa =
p
tan
tan n
tan
zmn
d=
cos
cos =
a=
m n ( z1 + z 2 )
2 cos
p zg
=
g zp
Where i=speed ratio for helical gear
Suffixes p and g refer to the pinion and gear respectively
a is the centre to centre distance between two helical gears
having z1 and z 2 as the number of teeth.
The normal pressure angle is usually 20 0 .
i=
z
cos 3
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
53
Tooth proportions
In helical gears, the normal module mn should be selected
from standards. The first preference values of the normal
module are m n (mm) 1, 1.25, 1.5, 2, 2.5,3,4,5,6,8 and10.
The standard proportions of the addendum and dedendum
are,
Addendum (ha ) = mn
Dedendum (h f ) = 1.25mn
Clearance (c) = 0.25mn
Addendum circle diameter d a is given by
z
+ 2
d a = mn
cos
2 .5
d f = mn
cos
sin
p t = Tangential component
p r = Radial component
p a = Axial or thrust component
pt = p cos n cos
p a = pt tan
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
54
tan n
p r = pt
cos
2 mt
pt =
d
Beam strength of helical gears
S b = m n b Y
Pt =
2M t
d
C s Pt
Peff =
Cv
C s = service factor (from table)
C v = velocity factor
The velocity factor ,
Cv =
5.6
5.6 + v
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
55
en p z p br1r2
Pd =
Sw =
cos 2
Q=
Q=
2 z1g
z1g + z1p
2 zg
zg + z p
Q=
K=
2 zg
zg z p
1
1
+
E1 E2
c2 sin n cos n
A MEADinfo Publication
1.4
Shinto Mathew
56
n = Normal
pressure angle
BHN
K = 0.16
100
(20 0 )
S w = Peff ( fs )
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
57
Bevel Gears
D
2 cos
z
z1 =
cos
zp
tan =
zg
zg
tan =
zp
rb =
+ =
Dp
A0 =
2
A0 is given by
Dg
+
Force Analysis
D p b sin
rm =
2
2
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
58
Mt
Pt =
rm
Ps = Pt tan
Pa = Pt tan sin
b
S b = mb bY 1
A0
Where S b beam strength of the tooth
m = module at the large end of the tooth
b = face width
3)
Y = Lewis form factor based on formative number of
teeth
A0 = cone distance
Pt =
2M t
D
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
59
b = (10 m) or ( A
3)
(Whichever is smaller)
S w = bQd 1p K
S w = wear strength
Where
d 1p = 2rb
Sw =
Q=
0.75bQD p K
cos
(Buckinghams equation)
2z g
z g + z p tan
1
1
sin cos
+
E
E
g
p
K=
1. 4
When pinion as well as the gear is made of steel with 20 0
pressure angle, the value of K is given by
2
c
BHN
K = 0.16
100
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
60
Pt =
2M t
D
Peff =
C s Pt
Cv
Electric
motor
Turbine/Multi
cylinder engine
Single-cylinder
engine
1.10
1.25
1.50
1.25
1.50
1.75
1.75
2.00
2.25
Generators-feeding
mechanisms-belt conveyorsblowers-compressors-agitators
and mixers
C v = velocity factor
The velocity factor for cut teeth is given by
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
61
Cv =
6
6+v
5.6
5.6 + v
r1 =
2
2
D g b cos
r2 =
2
2
Peff = (C s Pt + Pd )
Stress in gear tooth due to bending
S b = Peff ( fs )
Stress in gear tooth due to pitting
S w = Peff ( fs )
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
62
Worm Gears
Notations:z1 = number of starts on the worm
z2 = number of teeth on the worm wheel
q = diametral quotient
m = module
d1 = pitch circle diameter of the worm
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
63
d1
m
l = p x z1
q=
d 2 = mz 2
p x = m
l = mz 1
a=
1
m( q + z 2 )
2
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
64
i =
z2
z1
F = 2m (q + 1)
l r = (d a1 + 2c) sin 1
+
d
2
c
a1
Force Analysis
( P1 ) t = tangential component on the worm
( P1 ) a = axial component on the worm
( P1 ) r = radial component on the worm
( P1 ) t =
2M t
d1
( P1 ) a = ( P1 ) t
( P1 ) r = ( P1 ) t
sin
(cos sin + cos )
vs =
n 1
( 60 )( 1000
1
d 1 n1
(60000 ) cos
(cos tan )
=
(cas + cot )
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
65
b1
b1
Sb2
wheel
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
66
m = module
2 nM t
kW =
60 10 6
Where
A MEADinfo Publication
( M t)
Shinto Mathew
67
X c1 , X c 2
worm wheel
Yz = zone factor
Thermal Considerations
H g = 1000(1 )kW
Where H g = rate heat generation
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew
68
H d = k (t t 0 ) A
Where H d = rate of heat dissipation
k = overall heat transfer coefficient of housing
20
walls W m C
t = temperature of the lubrication oil. ( 0C )
k (t t 0 ) A
1000(1 )
1000(1 )kW
t = t0 +
kA
kW =
A MEADinfo Publication
Shinto Mathew