Technological Institute of the Philippines

938 Aurora Boulevard, Cubao, Quezon City

A Project Proposal
Presented
To
College of Engineering and Architecture
Electronics Engineering Program

AUTOMATIC COLOR SORTING CONVEYOR BELT WITH THE

AID OF PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER

Submitted by:
Borja, Reynaldo D.
Balde, Ma. Kate Louriz D.
Perea, Ma. Shiela J.
Pua, Jesus Nio L.
Toribio, Mary Rose B.
Vergara, John Wilson E.

Submitted to:
Engr. Ryann Alimuin
Instructor

March 2015

Table of Contents
CHAPTER I................................1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND.1
Introduction....1
Background of the Study.2
Conceptual Framework4
Objectives..5
Scope and Delimitations..6
Significance of the Study.7
Definition of Terms...8
CHAPTER II..9
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE.9
Conceptual Literature..9
Related Literature...11
Relevance to the Present Study..14
CHAPTER III...16
METHODOLOGY...16

Project / Research Design16

Project Development.23
Operation and Testing Procedure28
Evaluation Procedure29
Evaluation Criteria..30
Instruments and Techniques Used31
CHAPTER IV32
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.32
Project Technical Description...32
Project Structure / Organization...33
Project Evaluation..34
CHAPTER V35
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS..35
Summary of Findings.35
Conclusions.36
Recommendations.37
References..38

CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
In the late 1960's Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) were first introduced. The primary
reason for designing such a device was eliminating the large cost involved in replacing the complicated
relay based machine control systems. Bedford Associates (Bedford, MA) proposed something called a
Modular Digital Controller (MODICON) to a major US car manufacturer. Other companies at the time
proposed computer based schemes, one of which was based upon the PDP-8. The MODICON 084 brought
the world's first PLC into commercial production.
For years, many industries used man power and conveyor belts to increase production capacity as
well as the transport, process, manufacture, sorting and organization of their finish products. Human
intervention is one important element in various industries like manufacturing, food processing, medical and
pharmaceutical, agriculture, electronics, and mining. However, according to studies, often times that
conveyor belts are one of the primary sources of manpower and worker fatalities and from year to year,
these mortalities increases. This result to lost time and resources as well additional payments were given
by the business for indemnity and damages.
To solve this problem the proponents have thought of making a conveyor belt that is color
sensitive, furthermore, it is automatic rather than manual with the use of Programmable Controlled Logic.
And since human intervention is restricted the technology can reduce the number of fatalities.

Background of the Study

Conveyor systems are commonly used in many industries, including the automotive, agricultural,
computer, electronic, and food processing. It is also applicable in the field of aerospace, pharmaceutical,
chemical, and mining.
Haulage usually represents more than 50% of the cost of a mining operation. The ratio of payload
to net weight of a truck is 0.8 to 1 compared to 3 to 1 for a conveyor belt. The fuel for a truck represents
62% of the total haulage cost, whereas fuel for a conveyor represents only 30% of the total haulage costs.
Since belt conveyors are electrically driven, mine operators have the option of using the cheapest power
source available. This may be the local utility or a fuel-driven generator.
Among its advantages is the belt conveyors capability to transverse grades of up to 30% (16)
compared to 10-12% (6) for trucks. This shortens the route a belt takes and gives it an excellent terrainfollowing capability. Belt Conveyors require light foundations with minimum support structures. Trucks
require the construction of appropriately graded roads. If the mine is in an isolated location, the construction
of heavy haul road is also necessary. This can be very expensive.
Between the years 2008 and 2010, an analysis classified 459 conveyor belt related accidents
reported for metallic/non-metallic surface mines (Goldbeck, 2009). Between 2009 and 2012, there were 50
conveyor belt related fatalities reported to the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) (Lucas et.al.,
2010). These accidents cost the industry millions of dollars, with each fatality costing an estimated $1.9
million. A rate calculated by estimating the value of lost time due to investigations and reports, payments to
families for compensation, insurance, and lower production rates following each incident (Lucas and
Thabet, 2012).

The establishment of the project will benefit most, the industries that includes automotive,
agricultural, computer, electronic, and food processing. The project can also be utilized in the field of
aerospace, pharmaceutical, chemical, and mining.
The proponents constructed the project for it to be beneficial not just to the industries and the
business sector but also to provide security and safety to the workforce and its personnel. Since the project
is PLC controlled, the proponents believe that it will decrease the number of conveyor belt related fatalities
in each field.

Conceptual Framework

INPUT

PROCESS

OUTPUT

Sorting
Conveyor with the aid o
Conducting research about theAutomatic
concepts ofColor
PLC and
conveyors.
Canvassing and purchase of materials and components
Initial breadboard testing
PCB Designing
Etching
Drilling
Humanware
Soldering
Proponents
Casing
Prototype Designing
Hardware
Checking
Conveyor
Final testing and troubleshooting
DC Motor
Proximity Sensors
Wheels
Connecting Wires
Acrylic Sheets
Software
Logo Soft Comfort
Arduino
Multisim

Figure 1: The Conceptual Framework

Objectives

General Objective:

To construct a proficient and fully operational Automatic Color Sorting Conveyor Belt with the aid of
Programmable Logic Controller.

Specific Objective:

The following specific objectives intended in order to attain the general objective.

To utilize relevant knowledge and principles in Electronics and programming in the creation of the
Automatic Color Sorting Conveyor Belt with the aid of Programmable Logic Controller.

To select the suitable electronic components and materials necessary for the construction of the
said project.

To technologically build particular prototypes for the execution of Automatic Color Sorting Conveyor
Belt with the aid of Programmable Logic Controller.

To develop existing mechanism through the addition of new and timely technologies.

Scope and Delimitations

The primary concern of the project is to make an Automatic Color Sorting Conveyor Belt with the
aid of Programmable Logic Controller. The proponents use the software Logo Soft Comfort, the use of
other PLC software is beyond the scope and therefore not included in the study. Furthermore, the project
focuses mainly on detecting the shade of the product with the use of a color sensor attached to it. In
addition, the project is supplied by four 1.5 volt AA batteries. Proponents used two DC motors, one is used
for the conveyor belt itself, for it to be fully operational and the other was to aid the thrusting element that
pushes the product. Aside from the colors green, red, and blue the color sensor would not recognize other
color since it is not programmed to do so.

Significance of the Study

This study will be an aid to the emerging conveyor system advances in this generation.
The following are the people whom will be the major beneficiary of this study:
Manufacturing Industry. The project can be utilize in industries in lined with products handling and
packing business with efficiency. Its usage will help promote the number of products that can be produce
within a certain amount of time with minimum human intervention.
Mining Industry. The project can assist the transportation, processing, stock-piling, and reclaim of bulk
and large lump sizes materials such as huge ores, rocks, and minerals.
Agricultural Industry. The project can help in the sorting, separation, process, and organization of various
agricultural products such as nuts, cereals, berries, rice, beans, and seeds with reduced manual labor and
an increase in production capacity.
Pharmaceutical Industry. The project can facilitate the transport, mixing and blending of powder and
granule ingredients necessary for the fabrication of food, drugs, and medical supplements, capsules, and
tablets.

Definition of Terms
Acrylic Sheets- used as the casing that enveloped minimum parts of the project.
Arduino- software that was used to make the color sensor operational.
Color Sensor- a type of sensor that detects the shade of a certain object.
Conveyor Belt- served as the carrying medium in which transports the materials that will be sorted.
Logo Soft Comfort- the software that was exercised to create the program for the Programmable Logic
Controller.
Motors- utilized as the thrusting element which drive the conveyor to move.
Programmable Logic Controller- a system that monitors the state of input devices and makes decisions
based upon a custom program to control the state of output devices.
Proximity Sensor- a sensor that was used to distinguish the presence of an incoming object.
Relay- a component that was used as a switching element of the project.
Wheels- served as rollers that made the conveyor belt progress.

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter took consideration of the existing literature regarding the Color Sorting Conveyor Belt
with the aid of Programmable Logic Controller by reviewing it thoroughly. While an in-depth conceptual
literature will be conducted on every major component of the circuit through the specification sheets
provided to drive home the point and set the tone for the study.
The chapter concludes with the conceptual approach for the study based on designing and
prototyping an effective Color Sorting Conveyor Belt with the aid of Programmable Logic Controller.
Conceptual Literature
Programmable Logic Controller
According to the Industrial Electronics by Petruzella F. D. (1996) state that the Programmable
Controller is made of a power supply, a processor unit, and I/O modules. The inputs can be a keyboard or
limit switches, pressure switches, thermostats, or any number of devices that can provide an on-off status.
The controller has a memory so that it can be programmed and can retain the information presented to it
and compares it to what has been programmed and then make a decision and send the required signal by
way of the output modules to the motor it is controlling.
Base from the industrial Electricity by Brunback M. and Nadon J. (2005) it states that the
Programmable Logic Controller can perform most control operations for very complex systems. Discrete I/O
modules perform on-off batch operations. Input analog modules are capable of interfacing with sensors and

transmitters, and output analog modules can send control signals to final control elements used in a
continuous process. The CRT used by the PLC can display the same information as the PC.
On the other hand, Industrial Electricity and Motor Controls by Miller R. and Miller M. R. (2008), the
Programmable Logic Controller is an assembly of solid-state digital logic elements designed to make logical
decisions and provide control. PLCs are used for the control and operation of manufacturing process
equipment and machinery. The PLC is an industrially hardened computer, designed to perform control
functions in industrial environments.
Controller
In the definition of according to Industrial Electronics by Petruzella F. D. (1996), the controller
contains the power supply, operator controls, control circuitry and memory that direct the operation and
motion of the robot and communication with external devices.
According to Electricity by Brunback M. and Nadon J. (2005), the controller is the element in a
close-loop system that performs the decision making function. By comparing a set point value that
represents the desired condition in a process to a signal from a sensor that represents the actual condition.
The controller determines if and how a correction needs to be made. The operation that most controller
performs are simple on-off control and the most sophisticated PID control. The gain settings are made
during a tuning procedure and a defined control algorithm programmed by the system designer determines
how much and how fast the controller output will change in response to an error.
Moreover, according to Industrial Electricity and Motor Controls by Miller R. and Miller M. R. (2008),
the controller is a device or group of devices that serve to govern in some predetermine manner the
electrical power to the apparatus to which it is connected. As used with the motor, a device used to adjust
or vary the rotor speed.

Conveyor System
According to the Industrial Control Electronics: Devices, System and Applications by Bartelt, T.
(2002) it states that the conveyor belt is often used to transfer solid materials. The belt is powered by a
motor. The movement is horizontal, or on an upward or downward slope.
Related Literature
According to the invention Color Sorting System and Method by Jones C. S., Coolidge A. W., Cavin
D., Betts N. L., Moser J. M., and McGarvey K. J. (1992) with the patent # 5,085,325 color sorting system
and method which are particularly suitable for sorting fruits and vegetables. The objects to be sorted are
scanned with a color video camera, and the signals from the camera are digitized and utilized to address a
look up table. The look up table is preloaded to provide reject data at those addresses for colors to be
rejected. Several techniques for loading the look up table are disclosed. Then, on an online basis, the
success images address the look up table and the reject data is analyzed to drive appropriate reject
apparatus. In one embodiment, the data from the look up table is applied to a spatial filter, and objects are
rejected only if they have a certain number or sequence of unacceptable colors.
In addition, according to the inventors of Harvester Apparatus and Method for Separating Ripe Fruit
From Harvested Plants by Borchard M. (2002) with a patent # US 6,415,592 B1 A harvester system for
separating ripe fruit such as tomatoes from harvested plants includes first and second sorters for detecting
and sorting loose fruit and accepting or rejecting the loose fruit on the basis of the detected color and a
transport conveyor for recycling rejected loose fruit from the second sorter back through the first sorter.

According to the inventors of Conveyor Belt Inspection System and Method by Fromme C. C.,
Stager D. J. ,Pilarski T. E. , Bancroft B., Hegadorn T. E. (2006), with a patent # US 6,988,610 Systems and
techniques for detecting and reporting conditions of a conveyor belt by receiving image data from at least
one camera structured and arranged to capture an image of a portion of a conveyor belt, detecting an
object in the portion of the conveyor belt based on the received image data, and generating status
information associated With the portion of the conveyor belt based on the detected object.
The article by Pangaokar S. A.and Sharma V. K. Development of a PLC Based Elevator System
with Colour Sensing Capabilities for Material Handling in Industrial Plant, Power System Technology and
IEEE Power India Conference October 12, 2008, presents the design development and implementation of
a PLC based elevator control system incorporating color sensing features. This scheme is useful for
industrial applications where box of different colors are to be downloaded at different floors.
Based from an article by Zheng Y. and Xinfa D. The design and research of belt transport system
based on PLC, June 19-20, 2010, article focuses on the electrical control system and its characteristics of
the 4 belt conveyor system in the coal thermal power plant fuel Preparation System, as well as the design
of PLC control system hardware and control program. From the aspect of both hardware and software, the
article introduced the PLC application in the industrial control system, so as to solve the shortcomings and
deficiencies of the relay control system.
In addition, base on the journal by Yanbo C. and Lihua Z. Power plant coal conveyer coal link PLC
control system, Power Electronics Systems and Applications, June 8, 2011, the power plants conveying
system includes coal link and blending links. This design only involves conveying coal link in the system.
This power plant coal conveying link PLC control system is aimed at making some improvement for the
traditional coal-fired power plants which is a relay-based semi-automatic conveying control system with the

features of more faults, the lower reliable of the operation. This paper adopts the advanced PLC as control
system including the hardware configuration and software design for the conveying system. Adopting king
view as the PC monitor realizes the real-time monitoring of the conveying system.
In an article review by Dai J. X. Research on the reliability of underground coal mine belt
conveyor system, Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering (MACE), 2011 Second International
Conference, July 15 17, 2011, the theory of reliability and in terms of the method of computer simulation,
this article will establish the reliability simulation model of the underground coal mine belt conveyor,
calculate the reliability index of the system and identify the weak links of the mine transportation system.
According to the reliability model, it concludes from the computational results that it's applicable to analyze
the reliability of underground mine transportation system, using the testing method of the reliability
simulation.
From Google Patents, a device called Conveyor Belt Condition Monitoring System with patent
number US008662290B2, invented by Wigger M., Charlotte N. C., Myers G. M., and Hurd D., dated March
4 2014, A conveyor belt monitoring system is disclosed that uses sensors to measure magnetic disruptions
(events) in a conveyor belt Which are indicative of one or more splice joints, rip panels and reinforcing
cord damage. The system may comprise a plurality of sensing components, including coils or Hall Effect
sensors for sensing rip panels, splices and generalized reinforcing cord damage. The system may also
have RFlD-based rip panels and may use RFID chips to identify various belt components. A PLC-based
control system may communicate with the aforementioned components via an Ethernet link. Data received
by the control system is used to chart belt Wear and damage trends and to provide user alarms when
signal levels exceed predetermined norms. The system may stop the belt when imminent belt failure is
predicted. The PLC-based control system is highly scalable and will integrate easily into existing conveyor
control systems and facility-Wide monitoring systems.

Relevance to the Present Study

From the past studies, magazines, journals, documents, unpublished works and articles gathered,
the proponents are able to model an idea or a concept on how to construct a device and also able to select
the right elements to use for the said project.
The project is supplied by a 1.5 volt DC source and might as well uses a DC motor, one for the
thrusting element and one for the conveyor belt itself. This idea came from Industrial Control Electronics:
Devices, System and Applications by Bartelt, T. (2002) which states that the conveyor belt is often used to
transfer solid materials. The belt is powered by a motor. The movement is horizontal, or on an upward or
downward slope.
The idea of using a color sensor was acquire to the invention of Apparatus for Sorting Fruit
According to Color by Greenwood C. S., and Chamberlin D. W. (1973) with a patent # 3, 770, 111 the
apparatus was used for sorting fruit according to the its color thereof includes a conveyor which is arranged
to receive fruit in bulk, singulate the fruit into a randomly spaced arrangement, and transport the fruit
through a sorting head to a discharge station where the fruit can be discharged to one of three locations in
accordance with its color characteristics as determined by the sorting head. This head includes a plurality
of lights for illuminating the surface of the fruit as it passes through the head and a ring spaced radially from
said conveyor which is adapted to mount the inlet ends of a plurality of fiber light guides so that they define
a cylindrical band. However, in this project, rather that fruits; we used Lego Blocks with different colors to
which the device will sort.

CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
Project / Research Design
The proponents will utilize different existing technologies and build a prototype that consists of
a conveyor that will be powered by a 6volt DC motor and a color sensor that is controlled by the
Arduino. This prototype is going to sort Lego Blocks according to their color using actions that is
propagated by the conveyor. A Lego piece is put into the conveyor and the sensor is going to dictate
the flow of the conveyor, if the sensor sensed that a Lego is blue it will allow the piece to go through the
right side. If the sensor sensed that the Lego piece is green it will counter the flow of the conveyor and
it will turn to the other side and if it reached the right side of the conveyor it will trip the light dependent
resistor thus stopping the conveyor from turning. Lastly, if it sensed that the color is red, the conveyor is
not going to turn on and another DC motor is going to turn on and it will push the Lego piece in front of
the conveyor. All of these will be run by the coded program in the PLC.

Figure 2: Schematic for the forward and reverse control of the conveyor.

Figure 3: Schematic Diagram for the Stoppage of the conveyor using an LDR as a trigger.

Figure 4: Ladder Diagram for the PLC

Materials
Table 1: Price List
Components

Quantity

Price

Arduino nano

Php650

Color Sensor

Php425

Light Dependent Resistor

Php30

Laser

Php120

Relay

10

Php450

DC motors

Php600

Transistor (2n2222)

Php30

Resistor

Php8

Wheels

Php496

PCB

Php75

Wires

30

Php300

Male header

10

Php40

Screw

1 pack

Php40

Battery

20

Php320

Battery Holder

Php40

Total

98

Php3624

Materials for Conveyor

Table 2: Price list
Materials

Quantity

Price

Acrylic

Php200

Mighty Bond

Php80

Sticker paper

Php 100

Php102

Stands

Php 500

Mat

Php 300

Total

15

Php1282

Double Sided Tape

Component Description

Table 3: Resources, Figures, Symbols, and Descriptions

Material

Resistors

LDR

Relay

Image

Symbol

Description
Resistor is a passive
two-terminal
electrical
component
that
implements
electrical
resistance as a circuit
element.

A photoresistor or lightdependent resistor (LDR)

or photocell is a lightcontrolled
variable resistor.
The resistance of
a
photoresistor decreases
with increasing incident
light intensity; in other
words,
it
exhibits photoconductivit
y. A photoresistor can be
applied in light-sensitive
detector circuits, and
light- and dark-activated
switching circuits.
Relay is
an electrically operated s
witch. Many relays use
an electromagnet to
mechanically operate a
switch,
but
other
operating principles are
also used, such as solidstate relays.

DC motor

Transistor
(2n2222)

Arduino Nano

A DC motor is any of a
class of electrical
machines that converts
direct current electrical
power into mechanical
power. The most
common types rely on
the forces produced by
magnetic fields. Nearly
all types of DC motors
have some internal
mechanism, either
electromechanical or
electronic, to periodically
change the direction of
current flow in part of the
motor.

The 2N2222 is
a
common NPN bipolar
junction transistor (BJT)
used for general purpose
low-power amplifying or
switching applications. It
is designed for low to
medium
current,
low power,
medium voltage, and can
operate at moderately
high speeds. It is made
in the TO-18 metal can
as shown in the picture.
Arduino is
an open
source
computer
hardware and software
company, project and
user community that
designs
and
manufactures kits for
building digital devices
and interactive objects
that can sense and
control the physical

world.

Color
Sensor

TCS3200 Color Sensor

is a complete color
detector, including a
TAOS TCS3200 RGB
sensor chip and 4 white
LEDs. The TCS3200 can
detect and measure a
nearly limitless range of
visible
colors.
Applications include test
strip reading, sorting by
color, ambient light
sensing and calibration,
and color matching, to
name just a few.

Project Development
The development of the prototype is a step-by-step process in its completion. It is the
construction, and finding of materials to build the prototype until it is finished. The phases of the
development of the prototype is discussed and as well as the material selection. This section provides
the explanation on how the color sorting conveyor will be developed and created.
Activity 1: Conducting a research
The proponents will gather information about the Color Sensor using Arduino through the use
of internet, books, journals, article etc.

Figure 5: Schematic Diagram of the Project

Activity 2: Canvassing of the Electronic Components

The proponents will determine the availability of the major components such as Arduino, proximity
sensor, DC motors and relay before finalizing their schematic diagram.
Activity 3: Initial Breadboard simulation and troubleshooting
The proponents will now test the functionality of the schematic diagram. Troubleshooting will also
take place to consider different parameters that may affect the circuitry.

Figure 6: Test the circuit diagrams in breadboard to see if they are working.

Activity 4: Creating the design in the Printed Circuit Board and Checking
After the initial breadboard simulation, the construction of a design in the Printed Circuit Board took
place; holes were drilled in the PCB. The PCB design is then checked for possible open and shorted
connections.

Figure 7: Checking of the connections in the PCB

Activity 6: Soldering of the components to the PCB
The electronic components will now be soldered to the PCB. Errors in the circuit usually occur with
the connection and orientation of the components thus proper connection and soldering of every
component must be observed carefully.

Figure 8: Mount the components and solder

Activity 7: Constructing the conveyor
This activity is comprised of designing a layout for a conveyor, putting all important components
such as proximity sensors and dc motors. The orientations of the components are also included in this
activity.

Figure 9: Designing the conveyor.

Activity 8: Connecting the wires

Figure 10: Connect the necessary wires.

Activity 9: Finalizing the connection of the components to the conveyor

Figure 11: Final form of the conveyor

Operation and Testing Procedure

There are many factors that we considered to have a working prototype, the use of circuit
wizard is a big help. We tested the different circuits using circuit wizard so that we may know if it is
properly working. The ladder diagram was also tested if it would work properly.

Figure 12: Simulation of the Program

Evaluation Procedure
The following steps were conducted to evaluate the color sorting device that the proponents
constructed in terms of its relevance, efficiency, effectivity and its sustainability.

Plug in the project prototype to its power source.

Connect the different wirings to its respective inputs and outputs to the Programmable

Logic Controller.
The DC motor will then be turned on, thus, allowing the conveyor to turn with respect

to its polarity.
Place the Lego Blocks on top of the conveyor.
The sensor is now going to determine what color and what actions are to be done.
If it sensed that it is color blue, it will continue to turn clockwise.
If it sensed that it is color green, it will turn counter-clockwise
If it sensed that it is color red, another DC motor will be turned on and it is going to
push the Lego in front of the conveyor.

Evaluation Criteria
To make sure that the device would give the best of its functionality, the following criteria were observed
and evaluated:

Table 4: The Evaluation Criteria

Criteria

Element

Expected Value/
Expected

Delay Time
Product
Detection
Direction

Color Sensor
LEGO Blocks
Red
Green
Blue
Red
Green
Blue

Direction
1.5 second
1.5 second
2 seconds
2 seconds
Center
Left
Right

Instruments and Techniques Used

The researchers utilized some equipment to complete this project. This includes the following.
Multimeter
It was used to measure the resistance, current and voltage of every point in the circuit that needed
to be required. This includes the power supply up to the output of the circuit.
Multisim
This software is used to simulate the circuit and to further analyze the behavior of the circuit.

Oscilloscope
This equipment is used to depict the waveform that the device is generating. In addition, it can be
used to measure the peak value of each point of the circuit in terms the amplitude hence can be a
substitute if the absence of the multimeter is observed.
Websites in the internet
This helped the researchers in troubleshooting and to decipher supplementary information about
some of the components that is used. Furthermore, this provided the researchers on significant documents
that are related in constructing the aforementioned device such as datasheets and theories.

CHAPTER IV
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Project Technical Description

DC motor

Thrusting
Element
Battery
1.5 V DC
Holder
Source

Color Sensor
Support

Bas

Roller

Conveyor

Figure 13: The Project Technical Description

Project Structure / Organization

Table 5: List of Activities and the Dates they were performed

ACTIVITY

DATE

Purchase of materials

February 15, 2015

Research

February 16-18, 2015

Initial Design

February 20, 2015

Breadboarding

February 21, 2015

Troubleshooting for the circuit February 22-23, 2015

design
Initial Coding

February 25,2015

PCB Designing

February 26,2015

Etching

February 25,2015

Soldering

February 25,2015

Drilling

February 25,2015

Final Coding and Troubleshooting

February 25,2015

Prototype Making

February 26- March 7,2015

Documentation

February 15- March 10,2015

Final Testing

March 10,2015

Project Evaluation
Table 6: The Project Evaluation
Criteria

Delay Time
Product
Detection
Direction

Element

Color Sensor
LEGO Blocks
Red
Green
Blue
Red

Measured Value/

Expected Value/

Percent

Direction

Expected

Difference

2 seconds

Direction
1.5 second

25%

1.5 second
2 seconds
1.75 seconds
Center

1.5 second
2 seconds
2 seconds
Center

0%
0%
14.29%
0%

Green
Blue

Left
Right

Left
Right

0%
0%

CHAPTER V
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary of Findings
The main goal of the project is to construct a proficient and fully operational Color Sorting
Conveyor Belt with the aid of Programmable Logic Controller. The project can be supplied by 6 volt AA
batteries for it to be fully operational. The software Logo Soft Comfort can be use to create complex codes
needed for the project. Additionally, the project focuses mainly on detecting the shade of the product with
the use of a color sensor attached to it. The project also utilizes two DC motors, one is used for the
conveyor belt itself, for it to be fully operational and the other was to aid the thrusting element that pushes
the product. The project will not recognize other color since it is not programmed to do so, aside from the
colors green, red, and blue.

After the evaluation, the project positively showed that it is capable of detecting three colors, sort
and place them to their designated areas with the aid of a color sensor. Relays should be supplied by the
right amount of voltage as well as high enough current rating for it to function. The reflected lights of the
product can affect the sensitivity of the color sensor, thus, even if it works to the three colors it still has a
percentage error.
The project can be applied in wide variety of industries like manufacturing, food processing,
medical and pharmaceutical, agriculture, electronics, and mining. And since it does not need human
supervision and uses up-to-date technology we can say that it can help solve problems in the said
industries. Furthermore, the proponents believe that this project will enhance the production capacities of
these various industries.
Conclusions
Based on the assessment done by the proponents, they landed on the following conclusions:

Through various softwares like Logo Soft Comfort and Arduino, the proponents were able to
construct a proficient and fully operational project named Color Sorting Conveyor Belt with the aid
of Programmable Logic Controller.

In relation to the construction of the project, knowledge and principles in Electronics and
programming were utilized to compose the Color Sorting Conveyor Belt with the aid of
Programmable Logic Controller.

The project was build with selected and functional electronic components and materials for it to
operate the way the proponents want it to.

The proponents were able to technologically build particular prototypes for the execution of Color
Sorting Conveyor Belt with the aid of Programmable Logic Controller.

The project had utilized existing mechanism through the addition of new and timely technologies.

Recommendations
Based on the research and the evaluation, the following recommendations were hereby forwarded
to provide more extensive study on the Color Sorting Conveyor Belt with the aid of Programmable Logic
Controller:

The proponents recommend the use of other microprocessor unit with a higher voltage and current

rating.
The proponents suggest the creation of a more complex program in Arduino to cater most of the

colors rather than just three.

The proponents imply innovating the device and replacing some of the parts that will be well suited
to the project. This includes introducing a new system that will harness and improve the projects
capacity and capabilities.

The proponents strongly suggest the addition of a counter and LED display circuit which tallies the

number and show the color of the processed product, respectively.

The proponents advocate that the projects technology be use in various industries to help them

increase their product fabrication and minimize accidents and fatalities of their workers.
The proponents propose to future researchers that they should visit different sectors and industries

which use conveyor belts for them to gather more advance and complex ideas about the project.
The proponents advise the use of other PLC software such as Step 7 and others.

References

Bartelt, T. (2002). Industrial Control Electronics: Devices System & Applications.

Brumback, M., & Nadon, J. (2005). Industrial Electricity.
Miller, R., & Miller, M. R. (2008). Industrial Electricity & Motor Controls.
Petruzella, F. D. (1996). Industrial Electronics.

TECHNOLOGICAL

Ma. Kate Louriz D. Balde

Blk 1 Lot 15 Homepoint village 2, Angono Rizal 1930/

INSTITUTE OF
THE

Picture

PHILIPPINES

09061927648/katelouriz@yahoo.com

OBJECTIVES
As an electronics engineering student, the opportunity to apply the knowledge, skills, and training
obtained throughout the program is my primary objective. Added to that is the opportunity to broaden the knowledge
and skills presently acquired.

EDUCATION

Technological Institute of the Philippines Quezon City (2011-present)

National College of Business and Arts- (2007-2011)

 Angel of Wisdom Academy (1998-2007)

AREAS OF EXPERIENCE

Humanities and Social Sciences (HSSS)- representative (2012-2013)

Peer Guidance Counselling club- treasurer (2010-2011)

SEMINARS AND TRAININGS

Patent Searching (2013)

ACHIEVEMENTS / HONORS

3rd Honorable mention (2011)

SKILLS AND INTERESTS

Dancing

Surfing the Internet

Listening to music

Cooking

PERSONAL QUALITIES

Friendly

Responsible

Cheerful

Optimistic

TECHNOLOGICAL

BORJA, REYNALDO D.

INSTITUTE OF THE
PHILIPPINES
Quezon City

15 ITALIA ST. MUZON, TAYTAY, RIZAL

09358582694
reynex1127@yahoo.com

OBJECTIVES
I would like to be part of a company that will help me to further improve my different skills to make me a
better Electronics Engineer and eventually allow me to help my family members financially.
EDUCATION
Tertiary

: Technological Institute of the Philippines, Quezon City

Bachelor of Science in Electronics Engineering
938 Aurora Boulevard, Cubao, Quezon City
S.Y. 2011-present

Secondary:
Taytay, Rizal
Primary:
Taytay, Rizal

NCBA TAYTAY
S.Y.2006-2010
NCBA TAYTAY
S.Y.2000-2006

AREAS OF EXPERIENCE
Documentation

Training

Qualitative Analysis

System Development

SEMINARS AND TRAININGS

Patent Search Seminar- Workshop

Technological Institute of the Philippines
August 17, 2013

Micro Media flash Professional and Presentation

Technological Institute of the Philippines
January 29, 2011

ACHIEVEMENTS / HONORS
Member of IECEP
SECES member
SKILLS AND INTERESTS
Knowledge in Microsoft Office Application, DEV C++ and AutoCad
AFFILIATIONS
Society of Electronics Engineering Students (SECES)
Member
(2014)

PERSONAL QUALITIES
Willing to be trained and learn
Trustworthy
Hardworking
Has experience in public relation

TECHNOLOGICAL

JESUS NINO L. PUA

INSTITUTE OF THE
PHILIPPINES
Quezon City

T3, 11E, ESCALADES, 20TH A VENUE, CUBAO, QUEZON CITY (632)

09152318880
ninopua727@yahoo.com

OBJECTIVES
I would like to be part of a company that will help me to further improve my different skills to make me a
better Electronics Engineer and eventually allow me to help my family members financially.
EDUCATION
Tertiary

: Technological Institute of the Philippines, Quezon City

Bachelor of Science in Electronics Engineering

938 Aurora Boulevard, Cubao, Quezon City
S.Y. 2013-present
Secondary:
Primary:

Infant Jesus Montessori School

Santiago City,Isabela
S.Y.2006-2010
Infant Jesus Montessori School
Santiago City,Isabela
S.Y.2000-2006

AREAS OF EXPERIENCE
Documentation

Training

Qualitative Analysis

System Development

SEMINARS AND TRAININGS

Patent Search Seminar- Workshop

Technological Institute of the Philippines
August 17, 2013

Micro Media flash Professional and Presentation

Technological Institute of the Philippines
January 29, 2011

ACHIEVEMENTS / HONORS
Member of IECEP Isabela

Ministry facilitator.
SKILLS AND INTERESTS
Knowledge in Microsoft Office Application, DEV C++ and AutoCad

Athletic (playing basketball, volleyball, badminton)

AFFILIATIONS
Society of Electronics Engineering Students (SECES)
Member
(2014)
IECEP Isabela Member
PERSONAL QUALITIES
Willing to be trained and learn
Trustworthy
Hardworking
Has experience in public relation

Toribio, Mary Rose B

L21 BLK2 Rafaella II Subdivision Ampid I, San Mateo, Rizal
09359011045
rose_toribio@ymail.com

Objective
To be in an environment that prioritizes knowledge and skills enrichment while everybody is making s
significant contribution to the success of the industry.

Personal Data

Nickname: Rose

Weight: 45 kg

Gender: female

Religion: Catholic

Age: 25

Dialect: English and Filipino

Date of Birth: May 4, 1989

Mothers name: Toribio, Flora B.

Place of Birth: Quezon City

Occupation: Sewer

Civil Status: SIngle

Fathers name: Toribio, Honesto Q.

Citizenship: FIlipino

Occupation: (deceased)

Height: 53

Educational Background:

Tertiary Education
Technological Institute of the Philippines
Bachelor of Electronics and Communication Engineering
938 Aurora Blvd., Cubao, Quezon City
2012 - Present

Secondary Education
Saint Joseph Montessori Integrated School Foundation
Green Field Ampid 1, San Mateo, Rizal

Primary Education
Ampid I Elementary School
Sta. Maria Ampid I San Mateo, Rizal

Personal Background
TECHNOLOGICAL

Vergara, John Wilson E.

INSTITUTE OF THE
PHILIPPINES
Quezon City

Project 2, Quezon City

09461170256
will2win_03@yahoo.com

Class 2016
48

OBJECTIVES
Technological Institute of the Philippines Graduate in Bachelor of Science in Electronics

Engineering.
ECE Board Passer Licensed Electronics Engineer.

To gain experience and be aware of the activities done in office/field.

To practice, develop and make use of my skill in order for me to be better in the future.
To contribute to the betterment of my workplace.

EDUCATION
Technological Institute of the Philippines
(BS Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Divine Word College of San Jose
(Secondary Level)
La Curva Elementary School
(Primary Level)

2011 to present
2007 to 2011
2002 to 2007

SEMINARS AND TRAININGS

Leadership Training
Run for Pasig River
ECE Seminars

ACHIEVEMENTS / HONORS
With Distinction

2011

SKILLS AND INTERESTS

49

 Leadership Skills

Technical Skills
Teamwork skills
Solving Mathematical Problems

AFFILIATIONS
NAME

POSITION HELD

YEAR

HSSS

Member

2012 2013

SECES

Member

DSG

Member

2012 2013

ACE-Q

Member

2011 2012

2012 2013

PERSONAL QUALITIES
Industrious
Creative
Efficient

50