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i. Extreme cold
c. Polyextremophiles
i. Many different extreme environments
d. Halophiles
i. Salty conditions
9. What are the three main types of bacteria according to their shape? How do
each type look? Provide one example of each.
a. Bacilli
i. Rod Shaped
ii. Ex) Bacillus Anthracis (Cause of Anthrax)
b. Cocci (Coccus)
i. Spherical
ii. Ex) Staphylococcus aureus (Flesh Eating Bacteria)
c. Spirilla
i. Curved walls
ii. Ex) Borrelia Burgdorferi (Lyme Disease)
10.What defines a living thing? (main characteristics)
a. Living organisms are composed of cells.
b. Living organisms reproduce via DNA.
c. Living organisms obtain energy from environment.
d. Organisms actively maintain internal conditions.
e. Groups of organisms evolve.
f. They follow the biological hierarchy
11.What is the plasma membrane, what functions to performs, where is it found?
a. A double bilipid layer that surrounds cells, and it provides a boundary
between the environment and the contents of the cell.
12.Define and provide one example of unicellular and pluricellular.
a. Unicellular
i. Consisting of only one cell
ii. Ex) Amoeba
b. Pluricellular
i. Consisting of more than one cell
ii. Ex) Duck
13.Define DNA and describe its importance for living organisms.
a. A molecule that encodes genetic instructions used for the development
and functioning of all known organism.
b. DNA is the blueprints as to how to make an organism.
14.Why do we say that even consumers depend on solar energy?
a. Consumers depend on other consumers and producers, and producers
get their energy from sunlight.
15.List and define the levels of biological organization (atom,, biosphere)
a. Atom
i. Building block of everything
b. Molecules
i. A combination of atoms
c. Cells
i. Basic unit of all life
d. Tissues
i. Group of cells
e. Organs