Text 1 Former Gitmo detainee said running Afghan battles

1LASHKAR GAH, Afghanistan – A man freed from Guantanamo more than two years ago after he

2claimed he only wanted to go home and help his family is now a senior commander running
3Taliban resistance to the U.S.-led offensive in southern Afghanistan 16, two senior Afghan

4intelligence officials say.

5Abdul Qayyum is also seen as a leading candidate to be the next No. 2 in the Afghan Taliban

6hierarchy17, said the officials, interviewed last week by The Associated Press.

7The story of Abdul Qayyum could6 add5to the complications President Barack Obama is facing4

8in fulfilling his pledge to close the prison at Guantanamo by sending some prisoners back to
9their home countries12 or to other willing nations, while putting others on trial.

10U.S. intelligence asserts that 20 percent of suspects released from the Guantanamo Bay prison
11have returned to the fight and the number has been steadily increasing15.

12Qayyum's key aide in plotting attacks on Afghan and international forces is another former
13Guantanamo prisoner, said the Afghan intelligence officials as well as a former Helmand

14governor, Sher Mohammed Akundzada. Abdul Rauf, who told his U.S. interrogators he had only
15loose13connections to the Taliban, spent time in an Afghan jail before being freed last year.

16He rejoined the Taliban, they said. Akundzada said he warned authorities against releasing both
17him and Qayyum.

18Like Qayyum, Rauf is from Helmand province in southern Afghanistan. During the Taliban's rule,
19which ended in late 2001, Rauf was a corps commander in the western province of Herat and in

20the Afghan capital, Kabul, said Akhundzada.

21The intelligence officials were interviewed in Helmand, where the Taliban control several11

22districts, and spoke on condition of anonymity lest they attract the militia's attention.
 From Text 1
Former Gitmo detainee said running
Afghan battles
1 nouns in apposition -
2 nominalisation -
3 a predicative adjective -
4 a non finite verb is facing (line 7)
5 a bare infinitive add (line 7)
6 a modal auxiliary verb could (line 7)
7 an intensifying adverb -
8 a third person reflexive pronoun -
9 a demonstrative functioning as a pronoun -
10 a demonstrative functioning as a determiner -
11 a quantifier functioning as a determiner several (line 21)
12 a prepositional phrase to their home countries (line 9)
13 an adjective phrase only loose (line 14-15)
14 a verb phrase in the past perfective form -
15 a verb phrase in the present progressive has been … increasing (line 11)
form
16 a noun phrase with a non-finite clause as a senior commander running Taliban
postmodifier resistance to the U.S.-led offensive in
southern Afghanistan (line 2-3)
17 a noun phrase with this structure: a leading candidate to be the next
premodification + head noun + No. 2 in the Afghan Taliban hierarchy
postmodification (line 5-6)
18 a sentence in the passive voice -
19 a complex sentence -
20 a sentence in the imperative mood -

Text 2 Buddhist, Taoist leaders accept pastor’s apology

1His family issued a statement late last night, saying: ‘We understand the gravity of the issue.

2We have taken steps to resolve the matter, and would like to put this9 behind us and focus on
3promoting religious harmony.’

4Pastor Tan’s personal call made all the difference to the Buddhist and Taoist leaders yesterday.
 1‘When I saw him, he looked very sorry3 and remorseful – frankly, he looked terrible,’ said Taoist
2Federation chairman Tan Thiam Lye. ‘I was convinced of his sincerity.’

3Venerable Kwang Sheng, who heads both the Singapore Buddhist Federation and the inter-faith
4Inter-Religious Organisation (IRO), described the one-hour meeting as candid and friendly.

5On Monday, Pastor Tan had been hauled up by the ISD and told that his remarks to his flock
6about Buddhism and Taoism were inappropriate. 18 He posted an apology on the church’s

7website on Monday night.

8Yesterday, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for Home Affairs Wong Kan Seng 1told The

9Straits Times he was heartened that the religious leaders had met to resolve their differences.

10‘What Pastor Rony Tan said and did at his evangelism sharing sessions was clearly offensive

11to Buddhists and Taoists19,’ he said. ‘In fact, it has angered even Singaporeans who are not
12Buddhists and Taoists.’

13He felt that the pastor had done14 the right thing by meeting the Buddhist and Taoist leaders to
14apologise.

15‘I am also heartened to learn that the Buddhist and Taoist leaders, while understandably upset
16with the incident, have accepted Pastor Tan’s apology and have urged restraint on the part of

17their religious communities. This is also the right thing to do.’

From Text 2
Buddhist, Taoist leaders
accept pastor’s apology

1 nouns in apposition Deputy Prime Minister and

Minister for Home Affairs Wong
Kan Seng (line 12)
2 nominalisation -
3 a predicative adjective sorry (line 5)
4 a non finite verb -
5 a bare infinitive -
6 a modal auxiliary verb -
 7 an intensifying adverb -
8 a third person reflexive pronoun -
9 a demonstrative functioning as a pronoun this (line 2)
10 a demonstrative functioning as a determiner -
11 a quantifier functioning as a determiner -
12 a prepositional phrase -
13 an adjective phrase -
14 a verb phrase in the past perfective form had done (line 17)
15 a verb phrase in the present progressive form -
16 a noun phrase with a non-finite clause as -
postmodifier
17 a noun phrase with this structure: premodification -
+ head noun + postmodification
18 a sentence in the passive voice Pastor Tan had been hauled
up by the ISD and told that
his remarks to his flock about
Buddhism and Taoism were
inappropriate. (line 9-10)
19 a complex sentence ‘What Pastor Rony Tan said and
did at his evangelism sharing
sessions was clearly offensive to
Buddhists and Taoists,’ (line 14-
15)
20 a sentence in the imperative mood -

1
 Text 3 Change through dialogue
1Through superior strategies, recruitment, delegation, and motivation, the Thracian

2general flatly7 defeated the Spartans at Tanagra, and went on to become one of the
3most prominent Athenian politicians and philosophers of the times.

4Deep change had happened.

5The strongest military of the time had lost to a mere merchant with no battle

6experience whatsoever — a foreigner who turned out to be the most ardent of all
7Athenians, one of its best commanders ever.

8Which brings us to this question: How did Socrates induce the staunchest of
9opponents, Nicomachides, to himself8 refute his strongest beliefs, and become an

10ardent supporter of change, without using any form of coercion whatsoever?

11The following is what I call SE-R-V-E-S — or SEven Rules for Veritable, Effective

12Socratism:
131. Display naiveté when asking questions.

142. Allow the other party to rephrase its arguments through repeat exposure of its
15most deeply entrenched beliefs and doctrines (“foreigners won’t stand for Athens”,

16“choirmasters won’t fight”, and “businessmen don’t win battles”).

173. Never lose patience when listening.

184. Devise a series of clever analogies.20

195. Let the other party naturally come to a state of self-inflicted puzzlement (aporia)

20at the futility of its own arguments. Do not exploit this10 puzzlement in a way that
21would cause loss of face. Never say: “Ah! See, I told you! You see how smart I am?”

226. Guide the other party to the rightful conclusion2, which it has to reach by itself.
237. Now let the other party enrol you to their “own conclusion”, claim ownership of it

24and become a catalyst of change.

25This9 should cause even the staunchest of adversaries to willingly become the most

26ardent supporter of your cause.

27Leadership, Socrates reminds us — even in the toughest of environments, even with

28the strongest of hierarchies — never gives any particular leader the right to order.
 From Text 3
Changes through dialogue

1 nouns in apposition -
2 nominalisation rightful conclusion (line 22)
3 a predicative adjective -
4 a non finite verb -
5 a bare infinitive -
6 a modal auxiliary verb -
7 an intensifying adverb flatly (line 2)
8 a third person reflexive pronoun himself (line9)
9 a demonstrative functioning as a pronoun this (line 25)
10 a demonstrative functioning as a determiner this (line 20)
11 a quantifier functioning as a determiner -
12 a prepositional phrase -
13 an adjective phrase -
14 a verb phrase in the past perfective form -
15 a verb phrase in the present progressive form -
16 a noun phrase with a non-finite clause as -
postmodifier
17 a noun phrase with this structure: premodification -
+ head noun + postmodification
18 a sentence in the passive voice -
19 a complex sentence -
20 a sentence in the imperative mood Devise a series of clever
analogies. (line 18)