Total number of hours (per semester) from

curriculum (84)

SYLLABUS

Name of discipline

PHYSIOLOGY
Type of final evaluation (E / V /
Year of study
I
II
C)
Numbers of
Discipline regime (Co compulsory, Op optional F - facultative)
Co
credits
Total number of
Total number of hours from
Total number of individual
75 hours per
84
curriculum
study hours
semester
Semester
*

Head of the discipline

E2
6
159

Prof. Dr. Simona Mihaela Slatineanu

Faculty

Medicine

* If the discipline has more semester of study, fill one

Medicina
syllabus for each semester

Departament

Morpho-functional Sciences

Total
Morphofunctional Sciences
84

C**

42

42

Profile

Medicine

Medicine

Specialisation

Medicine

** C course, L labs activities, P project or practical

Medicine
lessons

Minimum knowledge needed by students to understand the course concepts / internships / practical
lessons
Basic knowledge (high school) about:
anatomy and physiology of the body;
cell structure and function;
concepts of biochemistry, biophysics (from the first semester)

Objectives of the discipline

General objective:
The students will gain knowledge about the normal functions of the body and will be able to understand
into an integrative manner physiological processes, from cell to organism, thus gaining a solid foundation
for clinical medical sciences.
Educational offer of the discipline:
- theoretical training of the students in order to assimilate knowledge through systematic information on
functional integration phenomena from cell to organism
- presentation of some theoretical concepts during the practical classes by classic experiments (video) and
various computer simulations (mostly interactive);

- acquiring the practical skills by the students on proper execution of some maneuvers, based on accurate
procedures and understanding the issues explored;
- education of medical students in the spirit of the accurateness of the medical act, and the understanding
of the basic science crucial role for its level and for their professional training.
Lecture syllabus
Hours No.
PHYSIOLOGY AND FUNCTIONAL EXPLORATIONS

42

LECTURE 1. Structural and functional organization of living matter from molecule

to organism; functional systems of the organism. Fundamental properties of living
matter. Principles of functional integration (adjustment mechanisms, signalling and
control concepts in physiology). Functional involvement of chemical elements.

LECTURE 2. Functional systems of the cell. Membrane transport mechanisms.

PBL: transport mechanisms.

LECTURE 3. Resting membrane potential and its modifications; Excitability and

conductibility. Structural and functional organisation of the synapses; postsynaptic
responses types; neuromediators classes.

LECTURE 4. Control of the cellular functions; intercellular communication,

transduction of the extracellular signals and intracellular signalling. Membrane
receptors types.

LECTURE 5. The structure of the skeletal muscle and its functional organisation
(motor unit, motor plate). Mechanical properties of the skeletal muscle. Mechanisms
of the muscle contraction: excitation, excitation-contraction coupling, molecular
mechanism of the muscle contraction. PBL: muscle fatigue

LECTURE 6. Smooth muscle contraction. Morphological and functional

organisation of the vegetative nervous system. Physiology of the vegetative nervous
centres: sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Thermoregulation

LECTURE 7. Blood physiology: Blood plasma and blood cells. Haematopoiesis.

Red blood cells physiology. PBL: red blood cells parameters and types of anemia.

LECTURE 8. Blood physiology: the body's defence

microorganisms; leukocytes types and functions, inflammation.

against

LECTURE 9. Blood physiology: lymphocytes types and functions; antibodies and

their types of action; immunity.

LECTURE 10. Blood physiology. Haemostasis: Platelets physiology and

coagulation. PBL: blood transfusion rules, blood groups.

LECTURE 11. Digestion physiology. Morphological and functional features of the

digestive system. Mechanical and physical phenomena along digestion and their
control.

LECTURE 12. Digestion physiology. Chemical transformations of food constituents

along digestion process. Digestive secretions and their regulation.

LECTURE 13. Digestion physiology. Absorption. Regulation of food intake: hunger,

satiety, energy metabolism and weight status.

LECTURE 14. Liver physiology. Roles of the liver: digestive, metabolic, excretory.

systems

PBL: jaundice types.

Practical lessons syllabus - 42 ORE
PL 1. Introduction to the study of physiology; fundamental properties and
organization levels of the living matter; experimental method in physiology:
principles, experiments types, experimental models; investigation of functional
parameters (data acquisition, storage, data analysis).
PL 2: Cellular physiology. Membrane transport: classification, characteristics;
osmosis: red blood cells fragility test.
PL 3: Cellular physiology. Excitability and conductibility - study on the frog
neuromuscular preparation; resting membrane potential, action potential; conduction
velocity; electronervogram
PL 4: Cellular physiology. Excitability and
conductibility
electromyography and motor unit electromyography; cronaxy

3
3

Global

PL 5: Cellular physiology. Contraction of skeletal and smooth muscles; in vitro

study (twitch, tetanus, isometric and isotonic contraction); dynamometry, ergometry
muscle fatigue; relative infatigability of the nerve.
PL 6: Smooth muscle contraction: in vitro intestinal motility. Vegetative nervous
system: vegetative reflexes with clinical importance.

PL 7: Blood physiology, respiratory function: blood plasma and blood cells:

hematocrite, erithrocyte sedimentation rate; RBC count

PL 8: Blood physiology, respiratory function: Hemoglobin determination; blood

spectroscopy; blood detection; red blood cells parameters; blood typing
PL 9: Blood physiology, defence function: WBC count; leukocyte formula

PL 10. Blood physiology, hemostasis: platelet count; bleeding time; coagulation

time; prothrombin time (Quick)
PL 11. Oral digestion: sampling of saliva; secretory mechanisms; chemical
examination of saliva; digestive role and thermolability of the salivary amylase

PL 12. Gastric digestion: gastric juice sampling; secretory mechanisms; HCl and lactic
acid determination, measurement of the gastric juice acidity; action of labferment

PL 13. Intestinal digestion: bile, pancreatic and intestinal juice sampling;

Differentiation of gastric and intestinal proteolysis products; secretory mechanisms;
determination of the pancreatic amylase. Bile: chemical and emulsifying properties of
bile.

PL 14: Revision

Practical skills achieved by the end of the year/semester

1. Haematocrit determination.
2. Erythrocytes sedimentation rate determination
3. Red blood cell count
4. Haemoglobin determination by Gowers-Sahli method

5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Haemoglobin spectroscopy: pathologic haemoglobins determination

Methods of blood detection
Blood typing systems determination: ABO and Rh systems
White cell blood count. Differential white blood cell count (leucocytes formula).
Platelets count

10.
11.
12.
13.

Bleeding time determination

Coagulation time determination.
Prothrombin time determination.
Measurement of the gastric juice acidity and secretory flows.

14. Biliary pigments detection

15. Pancreatic amylase assessment

Percentage of final grade

(Total = 100%)

The final grade results from

exam / colloquium answers (final evaluation):
MCQ test
Oral and practical exam

50%
35%

- final answers at the practical lessons

15.00%

- revisions tests during the semester

7.50%

- activities like subjects / papers / essays / translations /

projects etc.
- other activities (SPECIFY): colloquium

7.50%

Describe the practical final evaluation E / V (eg written paper (descriptive and / or multiple
choice test and / or problems, etc.), oral examination, individual or group colloquium, project,
etc.).
- Oral practical exam followed by unique MCQ test

Estimate the total time (hours per semester) of the individual study activities required
(fill with 0 activities not required)
3
1. Reading and study of the lecture notes
8. Preparing oral presentations
1
2. Study after book, lecture handouts
3. Study of the minimal references
indicated
4. Suplimentary documentation at the
library
5. Specific activity training
Seminars and / or LABORATORY

7
3
2
2

9. Preparing final examination

20

10. Consultations

11. Practical documentation

12. Internet documentation

6. Making of themes, essays, translations,

etc...

13. Other activities ....

7. Preparing control papers

14. Other activities....

TOTAL number of hours of individual

study (per semester) =50

Compulsory references:
1. Berne RM, Levy MN, Koeppen BM, et al: Berne & Levy: Principles of Physiology, 5th ed. St.
Louis, Elsevier Mosby, 2004
2. Guyton AC, Hall JE: Textbook of Medical Physiology, 11th Ed. Philadelphia, Saunders, 2006.
3. Slatineanu SM, Dumitriu IL, Vata LG, Cojocaru E, Gurzu B: Principles and methods for
practical lessons of physiology, 1st ed. Iasi, Gr T Popa, 2012
4. Slatineanu SM, Dumitriu IL, Vata LG, Cojocaru E, Gurzu B: Handbook of practical
physiology and functional explorations, 1st ed. Iasi, Gr T Popa, 2012
Supplementary references for Physiology lectures and practical lessons
1. Despopoulos A, Silbernagl S: Color Atlas of Physiology, 5th ed. Thieme, 2003
2. Ganong WF: Review of Medical Physiology, 22nd ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2005
3. Sherwood L: Fundamentals of physiology: a human perspective, 3rd ed. Belmont, Calif.,
Brooks/Cole, 2006.

Date:

Signature of Didactic activity coordinator