Answer Key For All Homework

Automotive Industries
Unit 1
Answer key
1 1 spanner / 2 pliers / 3 screwdriver / 4 paint-sprayer / 5 wrench / 6 tyre levers / 7 grease gun / 8 welder
2 1 jack / 2 compressor / 3 airline / 4 wheel balancer / 5 tyre changer / 6 4-post lift
3 1 paint-sprayer / 2 tyre levers, compressor, airline, tyre changer, wheel balancer, jack / 3 welder /
4 spanner, screwdriver, wrench, grease gun, 4-post lift
4 1 C / 2 cm / 3 cc / 4 hp / 5 hr / 6 km / 7 kph / 8 l / 9 mm / 10 rpm
5 1 AU / 2 AT / 3 DK / 4 DE / 5 LB / 6 LR / 7 SA / 8 SI / 9 SE / 10 CH
6 1 679,965 / 2 416,894 / 3 258,257 / 4 158,226 / 5 109,626 / 6 In sixth place is Brazil, with sixty-eight
thousand, five hundred units. / 7 In seventh place is Spain, with sixty-six thousand, six hundred and
fifty-seven units. / 8 In eighth place is Mexico, with fifty-three thousand, three hundred and ninety-five
units. / 9 In ninth place is the Netherlands, with forty-seven thousand, five hundred units. / 10 In tenth
place is France, with forty-seven thousand, four hundred and fifty-one units.
Pearson Longman 2008
www.pearsonlongman.com/technicalenglish
Unit 2
Answer key
1 1 bonnet / 2 body / 3 boot / 4 tailgate / 5 engine / 6 axle / 7 roof / 8 chassis
2 1 b / 2 d / 3 a / 4 c
3 a) four wheel drive / b) hatchback / c) limousine / d) convertible / e) saloon / f) coup / g estate car /
h) people carrier
4 1 A: Whats / B: Its / A: Whats, called in English / B: its called, 3 A: are / 4 A: are, called / B: Theyre
6 Use the box spanner to tighten or loosen the wheel nuts.

Use the jack to raise or lower the end of the car.
Use the tyre changer to take off or put on the tyre.
Use your fingers to take off or put on the dust cap.
7 1 hub cap / 2 wheel nuts / 3 jack / 4 wheel / 5 axle / 6 tyre changer / 7 valve / 8 tyre changer /
9 compressor / 10 airline / 11 dust cap / 12 wheel balancer / 13 axle / 14 wheel nuts / 15 hub cap
Unit 3
Answer key
1 1 engine / 2 drive shafts / 3 fuel tank / 4 pipeline / 5 engine / 6 fuel guage / 7 fuel tank / 8 brakes /
9 brakes / 10 silencer / 11 exhaust pipe / 12 silencer / 13 exhaust pipe
2 1 f / 2 c / 3 g / 4 b / 5 a / 6 h / 7 d / 8 e
3 1 What do the brakes do? / 2 What does the fuel tank do? / 3 What do the drive shafts do? / 4 What does
the exhaust pipe do? / 5 What does the pipeline do? / 6 What does the engine do?
4 1 front, rear / 2 rear, rear / 3 front, front / 4 front, front and the rear
5 1 in / 2 below / 3 at / 4 at / 5 above / 6 in / 7 on / 8 to / 9 below / 10 to
6 1 A: does / B: doesnt / A: does / B: does / A: have / B: has

2 A: do / B: I dont / A: do / B: do, have, has
Unit 4
Answer key
1 1 I / 2 J / 3 H / 4 G / 5 F / 6 D / 7 C / 8 E / 9 A / 10 B
2 1 When you push the direction indicator up, the right-hand indicator lights flash.

2 When you push the direction indicator down, the left-hand indicator lights flash.
3 When you pull the left-hand lever towards you, the headlights flash once.
4 When you push the right-hand lever up into the first position, the wipers operate at long or short
intervals.
5 When you push the right-hand lever up into the second position, the wipers operate at normal speed.
6 When you push the right-hand lever up into the third position, the wipers operate very fast.
7 When you pull the right-hand lever towards the steering wheel, the front windscreen washers work.
8 When you push the right-hand lever away from the steering wheel, the rear windscreen washers work.
3 a) 3 / b) 6 / c) 1 / d) 4 / e) 8 / f) 2 / g) 7 /h)
4 1 check / 2 Pull / 3 wipe / 4 Push / 5 pull / 6 check / 7 add / 8 top up / 9 Unscrew / 10 Pour / 11 Check /
12 Put / 13 screw / 14 Push
6 1 cant / 2 can / 3 can / 4 cant / 5s cant / 6 cant / 7 can
Unit 5
Answer key
1 1 cable / 2 ignition key / 3 starter motor / 4 engine / 5 alternator / 6 rectifier pack /
7 diodes / 8 battery / 9 negative terminal / 10 positive terminal
2 1 a / 2 c / 3 c / 4 b
3 1 e / 2 a / 3 d / 4 b / 5 f / 6 c
4 1 through / 2 around / 3 out of, into / 4 from, to
5 1 c / 2 b / 3 a

If the ignition is off, the starter motor doesnt work.
6 1 current flows from the battery to the lights. / 2 current doesnt flow from the battery to the radio. /
3 current doesnt flow to the starter motor from the battery. / 4 current doesnt flow from the alternator to
the battery. / 5 the battery becomes flat. / 6 electricity flows from the battery to the starter motor. /
7 electricity doesnt flow around the electrical circuit.
Unit 6
Answer key
1 1 c / 2 k / 3 h / 4 d / 5 j / 6 a / 7 g / 8 l / 9 e / 10 i / 11 b / 12 f
2 1 assessing, connecting, flattening, pulling, pushing, straightening / 2 cutting, fitting, gripping, hitting,
labelling, putting / 3 dismantling, measuring, raising, sliding, using, wiping
3 1 doing / 2 putting / 3 sanding / 4 painting / 5 removing / 6 using / 7 cutting / 8 welding / 9 replacing

4
Part
Material
Properties
1 seat cover
leather
strong, flexible, doesnt melt,

can burn
2 instrument panel
wood
hard, not flexible, you can cut

it, you cant bend it, you cant
stretch it, it doesnt melt
3 2-cylinder petrol engine
aluminium
light, strong
4 heavy goods vehicle tyres
1) rubber composite
2) steel cords
1) toug h, flexible
2) very strong, heavy
5 silencers
steel, coated with aluminium
strong, rigid, corrosion-resistant
6 wheels
1) steel
2) alloy
1) no information given
2) light, strong
7 fuel tanks
1) steel
2) plastic, with steel plates
1) rigid, hard, water-resistant

2) rigid, hard, water-resistant;
heat-resistant
5 1 A: Whats the instrument panel made of?
4 A: What are the bonnet and boot made of?
B: Its made of plastic.
B: Theyre made of steel.
A: Why do they use plastic?
A: Why do you use steel?
B: Because its cheap and light.
B: Because its tough and rigid.
2 A: What are the headlights and sidelights

made of?
5 A: What are the seat belts made of?
B: Theyre made of nylon.
B: Theyre made of chrome.
A: Why do they use nylon?
A: Why do you use chrome?
B: Because its strong and flexible.
B: Because its corrosion-resistant.
6 A: Whats the body shell made of?
3 A: What are the seat covers made of?
B: Its made of steel.
B: Theyre made of nylon and polyester.
A: Why do you use steel?
A: Why do they use nylon and polyester?
B: Because its rigid and hard.
B: Because its strong and cheap.
Unit 7
Answer key
1 Length: 4.8 m / Width: 2.0 m / Height: 1.9 m / Wheelbase (length) 2.9 m / Clearance (height) 0.41 m / Fuel
tank capacity: 82 l / Engine capacity: 2720 cc / Weight: 2494 kg / Max. wading depth: 0.6 m
2 1 A: How wide is the vehicle? / B: Its 2 metres wide.

2 A: How long is the vehicle? / B: Its 4.8 metres long.
3 A: How high is the vehicle? / B: Its 1.9 metres high.
4 A: How long is the wheelbase? / B: Its 2.9 metres long.
5 A: How high is the clearance? / B: Its 0.41 metres high.
6 A: How heavy is the vehicle? / B: Its 2494 kilograms.
7 B: 82 litres.
8 B: 2720 cc.
9 B: Yes, it can drive through water up to 0.6 metres deep.
3 1 any / 2 How much / 3 80 1-litre bottles / 4 How many / 5 what kind / 6 10 packets / 7 some /
8 How much / 9 40 litres / 10 any / 11 much / 12 15 tubes / 13 some / 14 What kind / 15 what kind /
1620packets / 17 any / 18 What kind / 19 What size / 20 5 large tins
4 1 How much will the new factory cost? / 2 How large will the roof of the factory be? / 3 How heavy will
the factory roof / 4 What will cool and heat / 5 How often will the AC system replace / 6 How many
skylights will there be in the roof of the factory / 7 When will the new factory be ready / 8 When will the
public be able to visit the factory / 9 the factory be open
Unit 8
Answer key
1 1 happened / 2 left / 3 returned / 4 found / 5 smashed / 6 drove / 7 had / 8 came / 9 ran / 10 crashed /
11 landed / 12 removed / 13 lifted / 14 put / 15 took / 16 stole / 17 took
2 1 smashed / 2 dented / 3 cracked / 4 broken / 5 torn off / 6 scratched / 7 tor / 8 dented, scratched /
9 smashed / 10 bent
3 1 They have fitted two new side lights, two new headlights and one new wing mirror. / 2 They have
replaced the front nearside window and windscreen. / 3 They have fitted a new boot lock and radio
antenna. / 4 They have repaired the nearside panel. / 5 They have serviced the brakes. / 6 They have
road-tested the car. / 7 They will replace the in-car multimedia system. / 8 They will fit a new seat cover
to match. / 9 They will repair the roof. / 10 They will replace two worn rear tyres after 1,000 km.
4 1 In / 2 started / 3 came / 4 every / 5 repeated / 6 became / 7 fell / 8 dried / 9 produced / 10 between /

11 In / 12 with / 13 had / 14 sold / 15 closed / 16 more / 17 more than
5 1 In 1914. / 2 Four. / 3 The same job. / 4 Because only black paint dried fast enough. / 5 There were more
car manufacturers in 1914. / 6 Japan.
Unit 9
Answer key
1 1 carburettor / 2 pump / 3 flexible pipe / 4 fuel pipeline / 5 filter / 6 fuel tank / 7 filler cap
2 1 c / 2 a / 3 h / 4 e / 5 g / 6 b / 7 f / 8 d
3 1 The fuel pipeline is suspended from the chassis. / 2 The carburettor is mounted on the engine. /
3 The filler cap is screwed into the end of the filler pipe. / 4 The fuel pump is mounted on the engine. /
5 The filter is fitted around the outlet pipe from the fuel tank. / 6 The fuel tank is bolted to the body. /
7 The flexible pipe is attached to the fuel pipeline. / 8 The fuel injector is fixed to the engine.
4 1 b / 2 d / 3 a / 4 c /
1 If you cant turn on the ignition, move the steering wheel from side to side. /
2 If a buzzer sounds when you open the drivers door, turn off the lights and indicator.
5 1 No, it doesnt. / 2 No, it doesnt. / 3 Yes, it is. / 4 No, they dont. / 5 Yes, it is. / 6 Yes, it is.
1 If the engine doesnt start, check the starter motor. / 2 If the engine doesnt start, turn off the ignition and
try again. / 3 If the battery is more than five years old, / replace it. / 4 the lights dont work, check the battery.
/ 5 If the distributor cap is split, replace it immediately. / 6 If the clutch cable is worn, replace it at once.
6 1 protected / 2 connected / 3 charge / 4 ask / 5 check / 6 refill / 7 stop / 8 remove / 9 check / 10 replace
Unit 10
Answer key
1 1 Dont / 2 Always / 3 Dont / Never / 4 Dont / Never, Always / 5 must /
6 Dont / Never, Always / 7 mustnt / 8 Dont / Never / 9 mustnt / 10 Always
2 It might be very hot.

There might be fuel inside the tank.
You could damage your eyes.
You might burn yourself.
You could get an electric shock.
3 1 run, slip / 2 use, start / 3 leave, roll / 4 allow, injure / 5 reverse, hit / 6 climb, fall / 7 service, trap/ 8 carry,
drop / 9 lift, injure / 10 walk, fall
4 1 found / 2 was / 3 was / 4 put / 5 was / 6 were / 7 were / 8 were / 9 crossed / 10 had / 11 told / 12 drive /
13 was / 14 was / 15 were / 16 drove / 17 fell / 18 was / 19 did not see / 20 went / 21 hurt / 22 was not
5 1 Where did the accident take place? / 2 When did it happen? / 3 Why did the accident happen? /
4 Were there any warning notices or floor markers? / 5 What fell off the fork-lift truck? / 6 Who walked
into the load on the ground? / 7 Why didnt he see the load on the ground? / 8 What did he injure?
Unit 11
Answer key
1 1 C / 2 B / 3 A
2 1 fuel pipeline / 2 fuel rail / 3 injectors / 4 pressure regulator / 5 return fuel pipeline / 6 fuel tank /
7 fuel pump / 8 pressure relief valve / 9 non-return valve / 10 fuel filter
3 1 b / 2 c / 3 c 4 / c 5 c
4 1 flow / 2 rise / 3 to close / 4 from entering / 5 to remain / 6 to enter / 7 to enter / 8 enter / 9 to turn /
10 to flow / 11 to change
5 1 allows / 2 prevents / 3 lets / 4 doesnt let / 5 allows / 6 causes / 7 makes
Unit 12
Answer key
1
Number of wheels
Fuel tank capacity

Max. engine speed
Max. speed (loaded)
Number of axles
Weight (empty)
Length
12,862 mm
4,354 or 4,922
Width
7,680 mm
1,750 rpm
Height
6,494 mm
Ground clearance
1,005 mm
Wheelbase
5,905 mm
54.3 kph
2
116,707 kg
Max. load
218 tonnes
2 1 has a height of about 6.5 metres and a length of more than 12.8 metres. / 2 has a weight of over 116
tonnes. / 3 a load of up to 218 tonnes. / 4 has a capacity of at least 4,900 litres. / 5 the front axle carries
about 46% of the weight; the rear axle carries about 54% of the weight. / 6 the front axle carries about
33% of the weight; the rear axle carries about 67% of the weight.
3 1 fuel tank / 2 exhaust / 3 silencer / 4 chassis / 5 engine / 6 disk brakes / 7 drive shaft / 8 battery /
9 steering wheel / 10 body / 11 suspension / 12 drum brakes
4 1 disconnected / 2 I have / 3 connected / 4 I havent / 5 lubricated / 6 disconnected and dismantled /

7 repaired / 8 I havent / 9 Im doing that / 10 Have you inspected / 11 No, I havent done that /
12 Ill do that / 13 taken off / 14 Yes, I have / 15 removed the dents / 16 I havent removed them /
17 Ill do that
Petroleum
Answer key
1 1 well / 2 pipe / 3 tank / 4 string / 5 barrel / 6 field / 7 drill / 8 hole / 9 bit / 10 collar
2 1 oil field / 2 drill string / 3 drill bit / 4 drill pipe / 5 well hole / 6 drill collar
3 1 c / 2 h / 3 b / 4 f / 5 g / 6 a / 7 d / 8 e
4 1 ninety revolutions per minute / 2 four hundred and seventeen millimetres / 3 one hundred
(or a hundred) and fifty-nine litres / 4 fourteen kilometres / 5 five hundred and eighteen metres /
6 eight hundred and eighty barrels per day
5 1 90 rpm / 2 880 b/d / 3 417 mm / 4 518 m / 5 14 km / 6 159 L

6 1 stop / 2 down / 3 lower / 4 right / 5 pick up
7 1 names / 2 Whats / 3 Im / 4 work / 5 Pleased / 6 do / 7 Whats / 8 Im
Unit 1
Petroleum
Unit 2
Answer key
1 A drill pipe / B drill bit / C drill collar / D well hole / E drill string
2 The correct order is: 1 Attach the drill pipe to the drill bit. / 2 Put the collar on the drill bit. / 3 Fix the
kelly to the drill pipe. / 4 Trip the drill string into the well hole. / 5 Slide the kelly into the turntable. /
6 Switch on the power. / 7 Drill the hole. / 8 Attach another drill pipe to the string. / 9 Trip the drill string
out of the well hole. / 10 Install the casing in the well hole.
3 1 Raise the drill bit out of the well hole. / 2 Take the collar off the drill pipe. / 3 Push the drill string into the
well hole. / 4 Put the drill bit on the drill pipe and tighten it.
4 1 some / 2 what / 3 how / 4 need / 5 whats / 6 called / 7 what / 8 Theyre / 9 do / 10 Its
Petroleum
Unit 3
Answer key
1 1 T / 2 F theyre in the centre / 3 F theyre on the platform / 4 F theyre to the right / 5 T / 6 T
2 1 The motor is on the platform, to the right of the engines. / 2 The fuel tanks are on the platform, to the
left of the engines. / 3 The ramp is to the right of the platform and to the left of the racks. / 4 The mud pit
is below the pump and to the left of the water tank. / 5 The pump is on the platform, to the right of the
derrick.
3 Possible answers: 1 The water tank is below the platform to the right of the mud pit. / 2 The generator is
below the platform and the motor. / 3 The engines are on the platform, to the right of the fuel tanks.
4 1 The derrick supports the block and the kelly. / 2 The engines drive the generator. / 3 The fuel tanks store
fuel for the engine. / 4 The generator drives the motor. / 5 The pipe racks hold the drill pipes. /
6 The motor turns the turntable.
5 1 drive the motor, does / 2 do, hold the drill pipes / 3 drive the generator, do / 4 does, do, turns the
turntable / 5 Does, doesnt / 6 Do, dont
6 1 is / 2 Its / 3 use / 4 does / 5 grips / 6 are / 7 has / 8 have / 9 does / 10 hold / 11 work / 12 goes / 13 pull /
14 grips
Petroleum
Unit 4
Answer key
1 1 F its at the top of the derrick. / 2 T / 3 F the kelly is between the swivel and the turntable. / 4F the
cable moves diagonally upwards from the winch. / 5 T / 6 F it rotates.
2 1 d / 2 e / 3 a / 4 f / 5 c / 6 b
3 1 cant, can / 2 can, cant / 3 cant, can / 4 can, cant
4 1 Slide the kelly into the turntable. / 2 Lower the drill pipe into the well hole. / 3 Turn the handle of the
winch. / 4 Attach the drill pipe to the kelly. / 5 Raise the drill pipe out of the well hole. / 6 Hang the swivel
from the hook.
5 1 switch on, D moves / 2 switches on, B rotates / 3 Turn off, A doesnt / 4 turn off, C dont
6 1 has / 2 rotate / 3 does not / 4 releases / 5 moves / 6 lowers / 7 start / 8 rotate
Petroleum
Unit 5
Answer key
1 1 swivel / 2 kelly / 3 casing / 4 drill string / 5 drill collar / 6 drill bit
2 A annulus / B rock cuttings / C reserve pit / D shale slide / E mud return line / F shaker / G stand pipe /
H rotary hose / I mud pump
3 1 inlet / 2 outlet / 3 pump / 4 into

4 The correct order is: 1 The pumps suck the drilling mud out of the mud pits. / 2 They then pump the
fluid through a hose to the rotary equipment. / 3 From the rotary hose it enters the swivel and the kelly.
/ 4 It then flows down through the drill string. / 5 It then leaves the drill bit and flows around the annulus.
/ 6 The fluid picks up pieces of rock and sand. / 7 Then the mud rises up the well hole between the drill
pipe and the casing. / 8 At the top of the well, the fluid flows through the mud return line into the shaker.
/ 9 The shaker takes the cuttings out of the fluid. / 10 The fluid then goes into the mud pits again, and the
cuttings enter the reserve pit.
5 1 around / 2 from / 3 up / 4 through / 5 into / 6 down / 7 out of / 8 up

6 1 pull, push / 2 carries / 3 passes, flows / 4 leaves / 5 sinks, stay
7 1 If the pump is off, the drilling mud doesnt flow to the drill string. / 2 If the drilling mud doesnt flow, the
rock cuttings dont rise to the top of the well. / 3 If the engines are off, the kelly and the drill string dont
rotate. / 4 If the drill string doesnt rotate, the drill bit doesnt cut the rock.
Petroleum
Unit 6
Answer key
1 1 B / 2 C / 3 E / 4 F / 5 A / 6 D
2 1 made, bends, break / 2 heat, melt, cuts / 3 break/crack, pushes / 4 bend, pulls / 5 made, break, corrode
/ 6 pull/stretch, break
3 1 c F / 2 e D / 3 a B / 4 f E / 5 d A / 6 b C
4 1 The plastic in the engine does not melt when you heat it. / 2 This pipe is made of synthetic rubber
because it is corrosion-resistant. / 3 The rope is made of nylon because you cannot stretch it if you pull it.
/ 4 If you pull this synthetic fibre, it does not stretch or break. (does/ not)
5 1 are raising / 2 is turning / 3 is moving / 4 is pulling / 5 are attaching / 6 is happening / 7 are lowering /
8 is rotating / 9 is flowing / 10 are they doing / 11 are rotating / is cutting
Petroleum
Unit 7
Answer key
1 1 510 m / 2 200 m / 3 two / 4 100 m / 5 20 m / 6 300 m / 7 400 m / 8 1200 m
2 1 The pipeline is five kilometres long. / 2 The sea is five hundred metres deep. / 3 The heli-port is twenty
metres in width. / 4 The length of the drilling platform is forty metres.
3 1 The vertical well is 300 m deep. / 2 The derrick is 100 m high. / 3 The heli-port is 25 m long and 20 m
wide. / 4 The piles are 20 m deep. / 5 The drilling platform is 40 m long.
4 1 How high is the derrick above sea level? Its 210 metres high. / 2 Whats the area of the heli-port? Its
area is 500 m2. / 3 How deep is the sea at the platform? Its 500 m deep. / 4 Whats the width of the drilling
platform? It has a width of 30 m. / 5 Whats the total height of the jacket above the sea bed? Its height is
510 m.
5 1 The new platform wont be ready next year. Itll be ready two years from now. / 2 The rig wont have
horizontal wells. Itll have diagonal and vertical wells. / 3 The piles wont extend 40 metres below the
sea floor. Theyll extend only 35 metres. / 4 The crew quarters wont accommodate 500 workers. Theyll
accommodate only 400. / 5 The platform wont produce 40,000 bpd. Itll produce more than 60,000.
6 1 much / 2 many / 3 many / 4 much
Petroleum
Unit 8
Answer key
1 The correct order is: 1 Survey the land along the planned route. / 2 Clear the route and level it. /
3 String pipes in a line along the route. / 4 Dig a 2-metre trench along the route next to the pipe string. /
5 Weld the pipes into a long pipe section and bend it into shape. / 6 Lower the welded pipe section into
the trench and weld it to the pipeline. / 7 Cover the pipeline with earth. / 8 Test the pipeline. Pump fluid
through it and check for leaks.
2 1 planned / 2 surveyed / 3 cleared / 4 done / 5 laid / 6 strung / 7 dug / 8 finish / 9 completed / 10 welded /
11 welding / 12 finish
3 1 burnt / 2 cracks / 3 missing / 4 dents / 5 blocked / 6 twisted / 7 leaking / 8 broken

4 1 dug / 2 used / 3 saw / 4 lit / 5 came / 6 made / 7 excavated / 8 drilled / 9 invented / 10 completed
Petroleum
Unit 9
Answer key
1 1 supply station / 2 regulator station / 3 gauges / 4 pipeline / 5 terminal / 6 control station
2 1 c / 2 f / 3 e / 4 d / 5 b / 6 a
3 1 measure / 2 compresses, pumps / 3 check, switch off / 4 give / 5 falls, transmits / 6 receive, send
4 1 they are / 2 they wont / 3 they havent / 4 it isnt / 5 they didnt / 6 it has
5 1 suspended from / 2 mounted on / 3 connected to / 4 disconnected from
6 Possible answer: Check the pressure valve. If the pressure is too low, close the valve stations, but if the
pressure is too high, release the pressure. Then check the temperature valve. If the temperature is too
high, switch off the pump, but if it is not too high, increase the pump speed.
Petroleum
Unit 10
Answer key
1 1 D / 2 J / 3 E / 4 A / 5 C / 6 B / 7 F / 8 I / 9 H / 10 G
2 1 never / 2 always, mustnt / 3 always, never / 4 mustnt, must
3 Possible answers: 1 A guard rail on a stairway was missing. / 2 There were no guards on the winch. /
3 Three drillers did not wear their hard hats. / 4 There were nuts and bolts missing from the swivel. /
5There were no cables for the tools. / 6 The walkway was blocked with hoses.
4 1 happened / 2 did it happen / 3 had / 4 was he / 5 high was he / 6 he fall / 7 Did he wear / 8 did he have
Petroleum
Unit 11
Answer key
1 1 valve / 2 well head / 3 casing / 4 well hole
2 Possible answers: 1 c prevents D / 2 d makes G / 3 b allow E / 4 f lets F / 5 g prevents A / 6 e stops C /
7 a causes B / 8 h permit H
3 1 The steel pipe prevents water from entering the well hole. / 2 The perforating gun makes holes form
in the side of the casing. / 3 The perforations allow oil to enter the bottom of the well. / 4 The tubing lets
oil rise up to the well head. / 5 The packer prevents oil from flowing between the tubing and the casing.
/ 6 The well head stops oil from escaping from the well. / 7 Acid causes limestone rock to dissolve and
break up. / 8 Valves permit the crew to stop the flow of oil through the well head.
4 1 The turntable makes the kelly rotate. / 2 The heli-port allows helicopters to land on the oil platform. /
3 The pumps cause the mud and rock cuttings to rise to the top of the well. / 4 The shaker prevents large
cuttings from entering the mud pit. / 5 The hole in the swivel lets the drilling mud flow into the kelly. /
6 The blowout preventer stops oil and gas from exploding out of the well hole.
5 Correct order: 1 The electric motor makes the gear box operate. / 2 This makes a lever move up and
down. / 3 The lever causes a polish rod to go up and down. / 4 This rod is attached to a sucker rod. /
5 This rod is connected to a piston. / 6 When the sucker rod moves up, it causes the pump to move up. /
7 The suction from the pump makes the oil flow up the tubing.
Petroleum
Unit 12
Answer key
1 1 Yes, they have. / 2 In the fourth week of January / 3 Installing the lifting and rotary system, setting up the
mud tanks and mud pumps, and connecting the mud pipes and hoses / 4 In the third week of March.
2 1 Have you raised / 2 did you assemble / 3 assembled / 4 Are you installing / 5 setting up / 6 connecting /
7 will you string / 8 do
3 1 dug / 2 have drilled / 3 transported / 4 installed / 5 assemble / 6 assembled / 7 raised / 8 installed /
9 doing / 10 setting up / 11 are connecting / 12 strung / 13 string / 14 wont put / 15 put / 16 will set up
4 1 Detach the kelly from the travelling block. / 2 Fill in the mud and reserve pits. / 3 Disconnect the mud
pipes and hoses from the equipment. / 4 Dismantle the rig platform. / 5 Take down all the electric cables.
/ 6 Lower the derrick. / 7 Remove the equipment from the site. / 8 Uninstall the power system and detach
it from the cables.
5 Best order for dismantling the rig (other answers are possible): 1 1 / 2 7 / 3 4 / 4 6 / 5 3 / 6 5 / 7 8 / 8 2
6 Possible answer (based on 5): First of all, my team detached the kelly from the travelling block. Next,
we uninstalled the power system and detached it from the cables. Then, we took down all the electric
cables. Next, we disconnected the mud pipes and hoses from the equipment. After that, we lowered
the derrick and dismantled the rig platform. Next, we filled in the mud and reserve pits. And finally, we
removed all the equipment from the site.
Unit 1
Answer key
1 The tanker driver. He pumped 36,000 litres of fuel into the wrong tank.
2 1 T / 2F / 3T / 4T / 5T / 6F
3 1 start / 2Drain / 3drain / 4 refill / 5put in / 6top up / 7start / 8Drain / 9refill / 10put in / 11top up /

12run / 13put in / 14start / 15Drain / 16refill
4 1 pushing it down now, taken it off / 2topping it up now, flushed it out / 3lifting it up, taken them off.
4 switching it on now, turned them on.
5 1 screwdriver / 2wire brush / 3gear lever / 4jack / 5wheel gun / 6box spanner / 7tyre valve
8 dipstick
6 1 tighten, using / 2measure, looking / 3check, attaching / 4adjust / 5clean, brushing / 6raise /
7 loosen / 8put, using
Unit 2
Answer key
1 1g / 2b / 3e / 4d / 5h / 6a / 7c / 8f
2 1 broaching / 2turning / 3filing / 3chiselling / 5drilling
3 1 Bernard usually planes flat workpieces in the morning and chisels screw-heads in the afternoon. But today
hes milling brake disks in the morning and filing brake drums in the afternoon.
2 Pedro usually turns bolts in the morning and turns drive shafts in the afternoon. But today hes planing gear
wheels in the morning and chiselling nuts in the afternoon.
3 Michael usually grinds exhaust pipes in the morning and grinds valves in the afternoon. But today hes
turning crankshafts in the morning and turning connecting rods in the afternoon.
4 Wayne usually files engine blocks in the morning and drills engine blocks in the afternoon. But today hes
turning pistons in the morning and grinding gear wheels in the afternoon.
4 Job B
5 1 worked / 2 left / 3became / 4studied / 5was awarded / 6started / 7went / 8am looking /
9 enclose / 10gives
Unit 3
Answer key
1 A3 / B4 / C1 / D6 / E5 / F2
2 The Seden has the best owners comments.
3 1 the cheapest / 2the worst / 3the noisiest / 4least / 5less comfortable / 6better / 7less economical /

8 the best / 9most / 10higher / 11the most reliable / 12more comfortable / 13more expensive
4 1 higher / 2heavier / 3stronger / 4longer / 5greater / 6higher / 7heavier / 8higher / 9more expensive /

10heavier / 11greater / 12less / 13more / 14noisier
5 1T / 2F / 3T / 4F / 5T / 6F
Unit 4
Answer key
1 1 Bus chassis / 2Delivery area / 3Panel pressing / 4Body assembly line / 5Paint shop / 6Trim line /
7 Final assembly line
2 1 The frame of the bus is assembled in the factory. The bottom part of the bus is assembled outside by another
company. / 2floor, windows, lighting, insulation, seats / 3sanding, washing, cleaning, spray-painting, baking
3 1 Then / 2Lastly / 3At the end of this stage / 4Before / 5next / 6At the end of this process / 7After
8 While / 9Finally / 10last of all / 11At the same time / 12at this point / 13Finally
4 1c / 2e / 3h / 4g / 5f
/ 6d / 7a / 8b
5 Sample answer: It is longer, wider and lower. It has more doors, which are wider. It can go up and down.
It holds more passengers. It has very few seats.
6 1 Because the bus carries large numbers of passengers. / 2To allow passengers to get on and off quickly
and easily. / 3AC system, all-round windows, electronic indicator boards. / 4To allow easy boarding. /
5 To allow wheelchair users and people with infant pushchairs to board the bus. / 6To allow more
people inside the bus; because the passengers travel only a short distance.
Unit 5
Answer key
1 1 steering shaft coupling / 2pinion / 3rack / 4track rod ball joint / 5track rod / 6universal joint /
7 ball swivel joint / 8suspension arm / 9steering column / 10steering wheel
2 1 A steering column is a long round shaft that is rotated by the steering wheel. / 2A safety coupling is a
joint that separates upon impact. / 3A universal joint is a joint in a shaft that allows rotation when the
shaft is not in a straight line. / 4A rack is a flat toothed bar that engages with the pinion and moves in
a straight line. / 5A pinion is a toothed wheel that rotates and engages with the rack. / 6A track rod
ball joint is a joint that allows the car wheel to be turned.
3 1 PAS pump / 2oil / 3control valve / 4control valve / 5control valve / 6Oil / 7ports / 8piston /
9 power cylinder / 10control valve / 11ports / 12Oil / 13port / 14piston / 15power cylinder
4 1 vehicle / 2machine / 3system / 4device / 5an instrument / 6a tool / 7a handbook /

8 a generator / 9system / 10a person
5 1 An HGV is a (heavy goods) vehicle that is used to transport goods. / 2A petrol engine is a self-running
machine that propels a car or small van. / 3The transmission is a system that transfers power from the
crankshaft to the wheels. / 4A sensor is a device that detects changes in the cars operating or running
systems. / 5A speedometer is an instrument that displays a vehicles speed. / 6A jack is a tool that
raises the end or side of a car for a wheel change. / 7The owners manual is a handbook which
explains how to operate the controls. / 8The alternator is a generator which generates electricity to
charge the battery. / 9SATNAV is a navigation system which transmits and receives information via
satellite. / 10An autobody technician is a person who repairs damaged bodywork.
Unit 6
Answer key
1 Ventilation d / Ignition c / Containment a / Exchange e / Separation b

a) Are there, Are there / b)Are there / c)Is there / d)Is there / e)Is there
2 Dont: 1 2 3 5 8 9 10 11 / Do: 4 6 7 12
3 1 Containers of flammable liquids must be kept closed when not in use. / 2The working area needs to be
kept dust-free by regular cleaning. / 3Flammable dusts should not be allowed to build up in working
areas. / 4Flammable solids have to be kept away from heaters and electrical equipment. / 5Gangways
and exits must be kept clear of all materials containing flammable solids. / 6Hoses should not be
used with flammable gases if they become damaged or worn. / 7Oxygen must not be used instead of
compressed air. / 8The labels and safety data sheets for chemicals need to be checked.
4 dust-free / well-ventilated / flammable / clear closed / lidded / fresh (air) / suitable

5 1 should be sprayed, should be allowed / 2should be removed, should be cleaned / 3should be trickle-
charged / 4should not be allowed / 5should be emptied / 6should be carried out, should be changed /
7should be slackened, should not be slackened / 8should be lubricated / 9should be placed / 10should
be removed, stored
Unit 7
Answer key
1 Sample answers: 1the oil level might be too low. / 2the coolant temperature could be too high; the
coolant level may be too low; the radiator fan may have failed. / 3there must be a fault with the charging
system; the battery terminals may be slack, or the alternator drive belt might be loose or broken; the
alternator could have failed. / 4the brake fluid level may be too low. / 5the front brake pads must have
reached their maximum wear level; the rear brake pads may also have reached their maximum wear
level. / 6there could be a malfunction with the system; both systems must be defective.
2 A5 / B3 / C1 / D2 / E2 / F4
3 1 Try switching off the engine and checking the oil level. / 2Why dont you check the coolant level first?
If the coolant level is correct, you could check the radiator fan fuse and renew it if necessary. / 3First,
switch off the engine. Then you could check the battery terminals and alternator drive belt. / 4Why dont
you check the brake fluid level and top up if necessary? If the brake fluid level is correct, you could take
the vehicle to a garage for checking. / 5Why dont you take the vehicle to a garage? You could ask the
garage to check the rear brake pads at the same time. / 6You should take the vehicle to a garage as soon
as possible.
4 1 The oil level was topped up. / 2The radiator fan fuse was renewed. / 3The battery terminals were
tightened. / 4The alternator drive belt was replaced. / 5The engine management system (EMS) was
reset. / 6The brake fluid level was topped up. / 7The front brake pads were replaced. / 8The rear brake
pads were checked.
5 Sample answers: 1Try freewheeling down the hill. / 2Why dont you get your passengers to push-start
the car? / 3You could try tow-starting the car. / 4Why dont you use jump leads to start the engine of the
car with the flat battery? / 5In this situation, you must use jump leads. / 6You should buy a new one.
Unit 8
Answer key
1 1 brake fluid reservoir / 2master cylinder / 3footbrake / 4brake fluid / 5drum brakes / 6single-line
hydraulic layout / 7disk brakes / 8lever / 9cable / 10rear drum brakes
2 1 b / 2c / 3b / 4b / 5b / 6a / 7c / 8a / 9c
3 1 shoes / 2back-plate / 3axle tube / 4Friction linings / 5supply pipe / 6shoes / 7drum / 8disk /
9friction pads / 10supply pipe / 11friction pads / 12disk / 13interconnecting pipe / 14pistons
4 1 a disk brake / 2a drum brake / 3a disk brake / 4the front wheels / 5the rear wheels /
6when the brake pedal is operated
Unit 9
Answer key
1 1 shortest / 2at intervals / 3approximately / 4more rapid / 5continuous / 6less than / 7over / 8less than
2 1 above / 2the desired speed / 3at the speed / 4more than / 5more than / 6in steps / 7less than /
8 higher / 9approximately
3 1 The parking distance warning system calculates how far away the obstacle is. / 2You can tell how far
you are from the obstacle by listening how fast the audible warning signal is. / 3The functioning of the
system depends on how fast the driver is reversing. / 4The functioning of the reversing sensors depends
on how clean they are. / 5The functioning of the cruise control system depends on how fast you are
driving. / 6The cruise control system measures how long you are driving at a speed of more than 10 kph
over the stored speed. / 7You can decide how you decelerate by pressing or holding the rocker switch.
4 1 It should be checked. / 2Yes, it should be serviced now; the air filter element should be replaced; the
housing should be cleaned. / 3The oil level in the final drive for the gearbox should be checked. / 4The
camshaft drive belt and tensioner roller should be replaced. / 5The air filter element and the spark plugs
should be replaced.
5 1 fortnightly / 2every fortnight, before any long journey / 3at recommended service intervals
4 regularly, as necessary / 5over time, once a year
Unit 10
Answer key
1
Component
Property
Example
Material
conductor
allows the flow

of an electrical
current
wire, bar
copper, platinum,
gold, silver
insulators
resists the flow

of an electrical
current
insulation material
for a cable
glass, plastic,
rubber, porcelain,
PVC
semiconductors
allows some
electrical current
to flow
temperature
sensor
silicon, germanium
2 1 component / 2properties / 3good conductors / 4insulating material / 5resistance value /

6 electrical current / 7affect
3 1 current / 2signals / 3resistance / 4higher / 5lower / 6overheat / 7fuses / 8blade connectors /

9 plastic housing / 10conductor / 11blown fuse
4 1 The driver left the headlights on, so the car had a flat battery. / 2Since the driver tried the starter motor
again and again, the battery became flat. / 3The driver didnt have a spare fuse, therefore he couldnt
replace the blown fuse. / 4The wire in the circuit melted since the wrong fuse was used. / 5The
mechanic didnt have a wiring diagram for the car and as a result couldnt repair the car. / 6The fuse
blew because the current in the circuit was too high. / 7The driver couldnt see out of the rear window,
as the rear windscreen heater was broken.
5 1e / 2a / 3d / 4g / 5b / 6f / 7c
Unit 11
Answer key
1 A 3 / B5 / C1 / D6 / E2 / F4
2 1 taper roller bearings / 2roller bearings, spherical roller bearings / 3ball bearings / 4a bush bearing, a
split bearing / 5spherical roller bearings, taper roller bearings, double-row ball bearings
3 1 inner race / 2cage / 3balls / 4outer race

4 1 quarries and landfill sites

2 8.8 litre 6-cylinder engine; top speed of 10 kph in travel mode; work mode is slower; independent power
and control for each track
3 Bucket width: 3.3 m; bucket capacity: 4.7 m3
4 Rigid box-sections; steel frame; bucket of high-strength low alloy steel
5 Sections: resist torsional forces. Frame: flexibility, durability and resistance to forces. Bucket: resists
dents and damage
6 Designed for comfort and ease of operation; AC and heating (standard); 2 groups of instruments:
gauges, warning indicators
5 Sample answer:

1 The aim of the design was to produce an articulated dump truck with greater power and the ability to
carry increased payloads. The designers considered the needs of users, for example, quarries, landfill
sites, the forestry industry and construction sites.
2 The new design has a 5.9 litre engine with a top speed of 50 kph.
3 The truck has a maximum payload capacity of 20 tonnes, or 12 m3. The increased dimensions allow
the truck to carry a payload 15% greater than before.
4 The powerful engine drives the truck through six forward gears and three reverse gears. One main
advantage is that the driver can choose manual or automatic transmission. The design uses a twin
hydraulic system, one for steering and tipping and the second for braking and suspension. In addition
there is a power-assisted dual braking system.
5 The design uses high tensile strength steel for the chassis to support the increased payload. The
advantage of the box-section reinforcements is that the truck has greater rigidity and resistance to
increased loading forces.
6 The redesigned drivers cab features reduced noise and vibration from the engine, plus improved
visibility and stability. AC is fitted as a standard feature.
Unit 12
Answer key
1 1 lead acid battery / 2nickel-metal hybride battery / 3li-ion battery / 4cathode / 5anode / 6electrolyte
2
lithium-ion (li-ion)
nickel-metal hybride (NiMH)
lead-acid
Watt-hours per kg of battery
150
6070
25
% loss of charge per month
5%
20%
3 1 first made in the 1970s / 2referred to as insertion / 3referred to as extraction / 4extracted from the
anode / 5extracted from the cathode / 6obtained / 7stored in the batteries
4 1 The lithium batteries which were first made in the 1970s were not as safe as the current li-ion batteries.

2 Lithium moves into the anode or cathode, a process which is referred to as insertion.
3 Lithium moves out of the anode or cathode, a process which is referred to as extraction.
4 When the cell discharges, the lithium which is extracted from the anode is inserted into the cathode.
5 When the cell charges, the lithium which is extracted from the cathode is inserted into the anode.
6 The advantage of li-ion chemistry is the high open circuit voltage which is obtained in comparison to
other batteries like lead-acid or nickel-metal hybride.
7 Laptops use the energy which is stored in the batteries through the movement of lithium ions.
5 1 e / 2c / 3g / 4i / 5f / 6h / 7b / 8j / 9d / 10a
6 1 rechargeable / 2store / 3application / 4functional / 5manufacture / 6popular
Unit 1
Answer key
1 A 2 / B 7 / C 4 / D 3 / E 9 / F 1 / G 5 / H 10 / I 6 / J 8
2 1 f / 2 c / 3 b / 4 a / 5 d / 6 e
3 1 You trip in the drill string by lowering it through the rotary table into the well hole. / 2 You rig up by
raising the derrick and assembling the equipment on the rig. / 3 You make up the string by attaching the
drill bit to the drill collar and drill pipes. / 4 You break out the string by unscrewing all the drill pipes from
one another. / 5 You trip out the string by lifting the drill bit, collar and drill pipes out of the well hole. /
6 You lay down the pipes by putting them down horizontally on the pipe racks. / 7 You shut in the well
by closing all the valves on the well head and stopping oil from pouring out. / 8 You install the casing by
running a casing pipe down the well and fixing it in the well with cement.
4 1 shutting, in, shut, in / 2 tripping, out, tripped, out

5 1 Were setting them back now. OK, weve set them back. / 2 Were laying them down now. OK, weve
laid them down. / 3 Were picking it up now. OK, weve picked it up. / 4 Were making it up now. OK,
weve made it up.
6 1 rotary table / 2 casing / 3 winch / 4 drill bit / 5 hook / 6 drill collar

7 Possible answers: 1 You make the kelly rotate by means of the rotary table. / 2 You prevent the sides of
the well hole from collapsing using a casing pipe. / 3 You raise and lower the cable by using a winch. /
4You cut the rock at the bottom of the well by means of the drill bit. / 5 You attach the kelly to the swivel
using the hook. / 6 You add a heavy weight to the drill bit by using the drill collar.
Unit 2
Answer key
1 1 drilling engineer / 2 mud engineer / 3 toolpusher / 4 motorhand / 5 driller / 6 derrickhand /
7 roughneck / 8 roustabout
2 1 manages / 2 reports / 3 does not / 4 receives / 5 is / 6 reports to / 7 control / 8 handling /

9 works / 10 supervises
3 1 was / 2 studied / 3 have / 4 joined / 5 doing / 6 completed / 7 attending / 8 planning / 9 attend

4 Possible answers: 1 What was your first oil job, and where was it? / 2 When did you join the Marina
Rig? / 3 Where are you working at the moment, and what job are you doing? / 4 What qualifications
do you have? / 5 Where did you study for your diploma? / 6 When did you start work on the New Star
offshore platform? / 7 When did you do your safety training? / 8 Are you following any training courses at
the moment?
Unit 3
Answer key
1 A Fixed platforms / B Compliant towers / C Sea star platforms / D Tension leg platforms / E Spar platforms
2 1 F / 2 F / 3 T / 4 T / 5 T / 6 T
3 1 longer and wider / 2 deepest / 3 deep / 4 strongest, most flexible / 5 least flexible 6 / long
4 1 more lightweight / 2 shallower / 3 shorter / 4 cheaper / 5 easier / 6 safer / 7 fewer / 8 less / 9 small /
10 largest / 11 deepest / 12 most economical
Unit 4
Answer key
1 1 Surveying and mapping the sea bed / 2 Planning the route of the pipeline / 3 Constructing the pipes /
4 Connecting the pipes into a pipeline / 5 Laying the pipeline on the sea bed / 6 Burying the pipeline
under the sea bed / 7 Cleaning out the pipeline before use
2 A Fig 2 / B Fig 1 / 1 trench / 2 pipeline / 3 stinger / 4 anchor line / 5 anchor / 6 gravel

3 1 The oil is brought onshore by means of pipelines. / 2 The pipes are covered with bitumen and concrete.
/ 3 The pipes are welded together on the lay barge. / 4 The new pipeline is laid on the sea bed using a lay
barge. / 5 The lay barge is winched forwards using its anchor lines. / 6 A trench is dug under the pipeline
using a pipe trenching barge.
4 1 The pipes are coated with bitumen, which protects them from water. / 2 The sailors switch on the
winch, which pulls the barge forwards. / 3 The pipes are taken to the welders, who join them together
into a pipeline. / 4 The pipeline is guided by a stinger, which prevents it from sinking too quickly. /
5 They use a pipeline inspection gauge, which cleans out the pipe. / 6 The pipeline route is planned by
surveyors, who map the sea bed.
5 1 c / 2 a / 3 e / 4 b / 5 d
6 Possible answer: First, the jacket is fabricated onshore. Next, the finished jacket is towed out to the field
in calm weather and launched into the sea. Next, the jacket is turned right side up by flooding the tanks
in its legs. Then piles are driven to secure the jacket to the sea bed. Finally, the platform is brought to the
jacket and lifted onto the jacket by means of cranes.
Unit 5
Answer key
1 1 annular BOP / 2 blind ram BOP / 3 shear ram BOP
2 1 blind ram BOP / 2 annular BOP / 3 shear ram BOP
3 Possible answers: 1 Whats the blowout preventer for? / 2 Where is the BOP located? / 3 Why is the BOP
needed? (or, Whats the BOP needed for?) / 4 How is the well shut down by the blind ram BOP? / 5 When
do the oil workers start the kill procedure? / 6 How are the rams on the BOP operated (or, powered)?
4 1 blowout preventer / 2 annular BOP / 3 shear ram BOP / 4 choke line / 5 seal of an annular BOP /
6 blades on a shear ram BOP / 7 plates on a blind ram BOP / 8 BOP stack
5 1 which / 2 for / 3 to / 4 that / 5 to / 6 for / 7 as / 8 used
Unit 6
Answer key
1 The following rules were broken: 5, 7
2 A 6 / B 5, 7, 8, 9 / C 1, 10 / D 3, 4 / E 2 / F 11, 12 / G 14, 15, 16 / H 13
3 Possible answers: 1 PPE must be worn at all times on the platform. / 2 The response time of the safety
vessel has to be checked. / 3 A danger zone needs to be established and clearly marked around the
rotary table. / 4 Lanyards have to be taken off near moving equipment. 5 Loose clothing, long hair,
jewellery and watches need to be removed or confined. / 6 Dangerous items must not be brought aboard
offshore oil rigs.
4 1 should be, marked / 2 should be installed / 3 should not be permitted / 4 should be located / 5 should
be set up / 6 should be removed
Escape routes on oil platform
TSR
6 You are here (point B). To reach the TSR, follow these directions. Go straight ahead. Take the second
turning on your right and go straight ahead. Then take the first turning on your left and go straight ahead.
You will come to a T junction. Turn
left. The TSR is on your right.
J7274
PEARSON Tech Eng Webiste Petroleum 02
aw_06_04_J7274.eps
AW by HL Studios
Unit 7
Answer key
1 1 gas / 2 oil / 3 water / 4 cap rock / 5 reservoir rock / 6 source rock
2 A Fig 2 / B Fig 3 / C Fig 1
3 1 F / 2 T / 3 T / 4 T
4 1 be, dont / 2 have, set up, drilling / 3 be, drill / 4 trapping, looking
5 (a) 4 / (b) 6 / (c) 1 / (d) 9 / (e) 7 / (f) 8 / (g) 2 / (h) 3 / (i) 5
6 1 Our company was asked to do a survey of Zone 3. / 2 The survey was completed last week on
schedule. / 3 The survey report was received yesterday. / 4 No direct evidence of oil deposits was found. /
5 Some interesting features were observed. / 6 An anticline and a fault were seen.
Unit 8
Answer key
1 1 T / 2 F / 3 T / 4 F / 5 T / 6 T
2 1 Because it cant be used as it is. It contains a mixture of useful substances, but they have to be
separated out. / 2 That different substances have different boiling points, and therefore condense at
different temperatures. / 3 The tray. / 4 To allow the gas to bubble through the liquid and help it to
condense more quickly.
3 A 5 / B 7 / C 6 / D 1 / E 3 / F 8 / G 2 / H 4
4 1 which / 2 When / 3 by / 4 As / 5 for / 6 from / 7 that / 8 to
5 1 has to be refined, can be used for petrol or jet

2 oil was burnt in lamps, is extracted from
3 is boiled, the factions are converted into
4 fluid is collected by, is carried out of the fractionator through a
Unit 9
Answer key
1 offshore: Fig 1 / onshore: Fig 2
2 1 seismic wave / 2 air gun / 3 hydrophone / 4 rock layer / 5 thumper truck / 6 plates / 7 geophone /
8 seismic recording truck
3 1 thumper truck / 2 seismic recording truck / 3 seismic ship / 4 air gun / 5 geophone / 6 hydrophone
4 1 ground survey / 2 rock layers / 3 air gun / 4 shock waves
5 1 Do you know how old the rock is? / 2 Find out what kind of rock is under this point. / 3 They study
the rock to check how porous it is. / 4 We need to know how much liquid or gas the rock contains. /
5 Seismology studies how seismic waves move through the Earth. / 6 The geophysicist estimates exactly
how deep the oil is.
6 1 for example / 2 in other words / 3 However / 4 In addition

7 1 about / 2 one-third / 3 just over / 4 one-eighth / 5 one-tenth / 6 one-eighth / 7 just under / 8 one-tenth
Unit 10
Answer key
1 1 viscous / 2 fluid / 3 immiscible / 4 miscible / 5 volatile / 6 stable / 7 flammable / 8 non-flammable
2 1 viscous / 2 miscible / 3 flammable / 4 volatile / 5 fluid / 6 immiscible / 7 non-flammable / 8 stable
3 1 When petrol evaporates, the gas is flammable. / 2 Oil floats on the surface of the sea because it cannot
be mixed with water. / 3 This lubricating oil remains viscous at high temperatures. / 4 We need to buy an
oil that can be poured easily when it is cold. / 5 Jet fuels such as avtur must have a low volatility. / 6 This
oil is too dangerous because it can be ignited at a low temperature.
4 1 Objective / 2 Procedure / 3 Result

5 First, heat a hot plate to 135C. Secondly, shake the oil sample vigorously to make the water molecules
spread equally through the oil. Finally, drop a small amount of oil onto the hot plate using a clean
dropper. If you dont hear any crackling, and you dont see any bubbles of vapour after a few seconds, the
oil is free of water. However, if you see bubbles or hear crackling, there is some water in the oil.
6 1 of / 2 to / 3 is / 4 is / 5 to / 6 if / 7 is / 8 does / 9 does / 10 is
7 1 This oil must not be used because it contains water. / 2 This fuel ignites at low temperatures, and so
it is too dangerous for cars. / 3 Jet planes need fuels with low volatility, since they fly at high altitudes. /
4Well be driving in a cold country, and therefore we must use an oil with a low pour point.
Unit 11
Answer key
1 1 fractional distillation / 2 alkylation / 3 reforming / 4 cracking / 5 treating / 6 blending
2 1 fractional distillation, distillation column, separate fractions from crude oil, cool fractions at different
temperatures / 2 cracking, cracking unit, break down heavy hydrocarbons, heat under high pressure / 3
reforming, reformer, combine hydrocarbons, heat under pressure, use platinum as catalyst / 4 alkylation,
alkylation unit, change hydrocarbons, use sulphuric acid as catalyst / 5 treating, treatment unit, remove
sulphur, pass through chemical filters / 6 blending, blender, create products such as petrol, mix fractions
together
3 Choose any three from these: 1 Fractional distillation takes place in the distillation column. The purpose
of this process is to separate the fractions. It is done by cooling the fractions at different temperatures. /
2 Cracking takes place in the cracking unit. The purpose of this process is to break down heavy
hydrocarbons into smaller, lighter ones. It is done by heating them under high pressure. / 3 Reforming
takes place in the reformer. The purpose of this process is to combine hydrocarbons into larger, heavier
ones. It is done by heating them under pressure, using platinum as a catalyst. / 4 Alkylation takes place
in the alkylation unit. The purpose of this process is to change the hydrocarbons. It is done by using
sulphuric acid as a catalyst. / 5 Treating takes place in the treatment unit. The purpose of this process is to
remove sulphur from the hydrocarbons. It is done by passing the hydrocarbons through chemical filters. /
6 Blending takes place in the blender. The purpose of this process is to create products such as petrol. It
is done by mixing the fractions together.
4 1 for coming / 2 to explain / 3 by saying / 4 brings me to / 5 lets look at / 6 move / 7 turn to / 8 shows /
9 shown / 10 like to
5 1 advantage, that / 2 disadvantage, which / 3 drawback, of / 4 benefit, be / 5 would, recommend /

6 suggest, should
Unit 12
Answer key
1 1 2 km / 2 300 m / 3 28 m / 4 35 km / 5 2 miles/ 6 8 km
2 1 F / 2 T / 3 F / 4 F / 5 T / 6 T
3 Possible answers: 1 What shape are snake wells? / 2 What are the advantages of snake wells? / 3 How
are snake wells able to hit small targets so accurately? / 4 How are the pressure and temperature inside
snake wells monitored? / 5 When was the Champion West field discovered and developed? / 6 How is
data transferred from the equipment to the surface of the snake well?
4 1 be produced / 2 be developed / 3 are controlled / 4 are generated / 5 are monitored / 6 is transmitted /

7 were drilled / 8 was extracted / 9 was not located / 10 found / 11 was not used / 12 was inserted /
13 was extracted / 14 was increased / 15 were reduced / 16 were added
5 1 that are / 2 which was / 3 which is / 4 that is / 5 which were / 6 which are

Answer Key For All Homework

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Answer Key For All Homework

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Automotive Industries

Pearson Longman 2008

Use the jack to raise or lower the end of the car.

Use the tyre changer to take off or put on the tyre.

Use your fingers to take off or put on the dust cap.

Pearson Longman 2008

2 A: do / B: I dont / A: do / B: do, have, has

Pearson Longman 2008

6 1 cant / 2 can / 3 can / 4 cant / 5s cant / 6 cant / 7 can

Pearson Longman 2008

If the ignition is off, the starter motor doesnt work.

Pearson Longman 2008

3 1 doing / 2 putting / 3 sanding / 4 painting / 5 removing / 6 using / 7 cutting / 8 welding / 9 replacing

strong, flexible, doesnt melt,

hard, not flexible, you can cut

3 2-cylinder petrol engine

4 heavy goods vehicle tyres

steel, coated with aluminium

strong, rigid, corrosion-resistant

1) rigid, hard, water-resistant

5 1 A: Whats the instrument panel made of?

4 A: What are the bonnet and boot made of?

B: Its made of plastic.

B: Theyre made of steel.

A: Why do they use plastic?

A: Why do you use steel?

B: Because its cheap and light.

B: Because its tough and rigid.

2 A: What are the headlights and sidelights

5 A: What are the seat belts made of?

B: Theyre made of nylon.

B: Theyre made of chrome.

A: Why do they use nylon?

A: Why do you use chrome?

B: Because its strong and flexible.

B: Because its corrosion-resistant.

6 A: Whats the body shell made of?

3 A: What are the seat covers made of?

B: Its made of steel.

B: Theyre made of nylon and polyester.

A: Why do you use steel?

A: Why do they use nylon and polyester?

B: Because its rigid and hard.

B: Because its strong and cheap.

Pearson Longman 2008

2 1 A: How wide is the vehicle? / B: Its 2 metres wide.

2 A: How long is the vehicle? / B: Its 4.8 metres long.

3 A: How high is the vehicle? / B: Its 1.9 metres high.

4 A: How long is the wheelbase? / B: Its 2.9 metres long.

5 A: How high is the clearance? / B: Its 0.41 metres high.

6 A: How heavy is the vehicle? / B: Its 2494 kilograms.

9 B: Yes, it can drive through water up to 0.6 metres deep.

Pearson Longman 2008

4 1 In / 2 started / 3 came / 4 every / 5 repeated / 6 became / 7 fell / 8 dried / 9 produced / 10 between /

Pearson Longman 2008

Pearson Longman 2008

6 Dont / Never, Always / 7 mustnt / 8 Dont / Never / 9 mustnt / 10 Always

2 It might be very hot.

There might be fuel inside the tank.

You could damage your eyes.

You might burn yourself.

You could get an electric shock.

Pearson Longman 2008

2 A: do / B: I dont / A: do / B: do, have, has

9 B: Yes, it can drive through water up to 0.6 metres deep.