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value for themselves, but for what they will buy. In another sense, because they are legal
tender, Federal Reserve notes are "backed" by allthe goods and services in the economy.
What are United States Notes and how are they different from Federal Reserve notes?
United States Notes (characterizedby a red seal and serial number) were the first national
curency, authorized by the Legal Tender Act of 1862 and began circulating during the
Civil War. The Treasury Department issued these notes directly into circulation, and they
are obligations of the United States Government. The issuance of United States Notes is
subject to limitations established by Congress. It established a statutory limitation of
$300 million on the amount of United States Notes authorized to be outstanding and in
circulation. While this was a significant figure in Civil War days, it is now a very small
fraction of the total curency in circulation in the United States.
Both United States Notes and Federal Reserve Notes are parts of our national currency
and both are legal tender. They circulate as money in the same way. However, the issuing
authority for them comes from different statutes. United States Notes were redeemable in
gold until 1933, when the United States abandoned the gold standard. Since then, both
currencies have served essentially the same purpose, and have had the same value.
Because United States Notes serve no function that is not already adequately served by
Federal Reserve Notes, their issuance was discontinued, and none have been placed in to
circulation since January 21, 197 1.
http:/lwww.treasury.gov/resource-center/faqs/CurrencylPages/legal-tender.aspx
The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 authorized the production and circulation of Federal
Reserve notes. Although the Bureau of Engravinq and Printing (BEP) prints these noteq
they move into circulation through the Federal Reserve System. They are obligations of
both the Federal Reserve System and the United States Government. On Federal Reserve
notes, the seals and serial numbers appear in green.
United States notes serve no function that is not already adequately served by Federal
Reserve notes. As a result, the Treasury Department stopped issuing United States notes,
and none have been placed into circulation since January 21,1971.

lt PryA.uW

hup://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/faqs lCurrencylPages/legal-tender.aspx

I \ I)l I'\lil\!l \l()[

lllr iltl \rl lt\

Resource Center
Legal Tender Status

I thought that United States cuffency was legal tender for all debts. Some businesses or
governmental agencies say that they will only accept checks, money orders or credit
cards as payment, and others will only accept crrrrency notes in denominations of $20 or
smaller. Isn't this illegal?
The pertinent portion of law that applies to your question is the Coinage Act of 1965,
specifically Section 31 U.S.C. 5103, entitled "Legal tender," vr,hich states: "United States
coins and crurency (including Federal reserve notes and circulating notes of Federal
reserve banks and national baxks) are legal tender for all debts, public charges, taxes, and
dues."
This statute means that all United States money as identifi.ed above are a valid and legal
offer of payment for debts when tendered to a creditor. There is, however, no Federal
statute mandating that a private business, a person or an organization must accept
currency or coins as for payment for goods and/or services. Private businesses are free to
develop their own policies on whether or not to accept cash unless there is a State law
which says otherwise. For example, a bus line may prohibit payment of fares in pennies
or dollar bills. In addition, movie theaters, convenience stores and gas stations may refuse
to accept large denomination currency (usually notes above $20) as a matter of policy.

What are Federal Reserve notes and how are they different from United States notes?
Federal Reserve notes are legal tender currency notes, The twelve Federal Reserve Banks
issue them into circulation pursuant to the Federal Reserve Act of 1913. A commercial
bank belonging to the Federal Reserve System can obtain Federal Reserve notes from the
Federal Reserve Bank in its district whenever it wishes. It must pay for them in fuil,
dollar for dollar, by drawing down its account with its district Federal Reserve Bank.
http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/faqs/CurrencylPages/legai-tender.aspx
Federal Reserve Banks obtain the notes from our Bureau of Eneraving and Printing
@EP). It pays the BEP for the cost of producing the notes, which then become liabilities
of the Federal Reserve Banks, and obligations of the United States Govemment.
Congress has specified that a Federal Reserve Bank must hold collateral equal in value to
the Federal Reserve notes that the Bank receives. This collateral is chiefly gold
certificates and United States securities. This provides backing for the note issue. The
idea was that if the Congress dissolved the Federal Reserve System, the United States
would take over the notes (liabilities). This would meet the requirements of Section 411,
but the govemment would also take over the assets, which would be of equal value.
Federal Reserve notes represent a first lien on all the assets of the Federal Reserve Banks,
and on the collateral specifically held against them.
Federal Reserve notes are not redeemable in gold, silver or any other commodity, and
receive no backing by anything This has been the case since 1933. The notes have no

TITI,E 2&-JI]DICIARY AND JUDICIAL PR,OCEDURE

Paele 34?

(b) Nothins in this section shall authorize the

alienatlon, encumbrance, or taxation of any real
or personal property, includiag water rights, belong"ing to aay Indian or any Indian tribe, bantl,

or cournnnity that is held in trust try the

United States or is subject to a restriction
against alienation imposed by the United

States; or shall authorize regulation of the use

of such property in a, manner inconsisteut with
any Fecleral treaty, ag:reement, or statute or
with any regulation made pursuant thereto; or
shall confer jurisdiction upon the State to adjuclicate, in probate procoedings or otherwise, the
ownership or right to possession of such property or any interest therein.
(c) Any tribal ordinance or custom heretofore
or hereafter adoptecl by an Indian tribe, band, or

communlty in the exercise of any authority

which it may possess shal1, if not inconsistent
with any applicable civil law of the State, be
given full force and effect in the determination
of civil causes of action pursuant to this sectiou.
(Added Aug. 15, 1953, ch. 505, $4, 67 Stat. 589;
amended Aug.24,1954, ch. 910, $2, 68 Stat. 795;
Pub. L. 85-615, $2, AuS. B, 1958, 72 Stat. 5115; Pub.
L.95-598, title II, $239, Nov.6,1978,92 Stat.2668;
Pub. L.98-353, title I,9110, Juiy 10,1984,98 Stat.
342.)
AMENDMSNTS

19841-Subsec. (a). Pub.

L.

struek out "or Territories" after "Each of the States", struck out "or Terplaces,
ritory" af|er "State" ln 5
aJrd substituted

ofjurisdiction by any such State until

the people thereof have appropriately amended their

such. assumption

State constitution or statutes as the case may be."

CONSENT

"within the State" for "within the Territory" in item

to Alaska "withirr tbe State" for "within the Territory", which

a,mendment did not become effective pursuant to seetion 402(b) oI Pub. L. 95-598, a,s amended, set
out as an Effective Date noto preceding section 101 oi
Title 11, Ba.akruptcy.
1958-Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 8ffi15 gave Alaska jurj.sdictioB over civil causes of action between Indians or to

whioh Indians are parties which arlse in all Inrlian

couutry lrithio the Te$itory of A.laska.

lgfs&bsee. (a). Act Attg. 24, 1954, brought the Menominee Tribe within the provisions of this seetioa.
EFFECTIVE DATE oF 1984 A}mNDIIENT

Amendnent by Pub. IJ. 98-53 effective July 10, 1984,

see section 122(a) of Pub. L. 98-353, sot out as atr Effeotive Date note under seetion 151 of thls tlt1e.

O! UNITED STATES TO OT}IER SfA"E$

Aat Aug. 15, 1953, ch. 505, $7,6? Stat. 590, which s:ave
conseot of the United States to any othor State not
having jurisdiction w"ith respect to criminal offenses or
civil causes of action, or wtth respect to bobh, as provided for in this section atrd section U62 of Title 18,
Crimes and Crimiaal Procedure, to assume jurisdiotion
at such timo and in such ma,n-ner as the people of the
State shall, by Iegislative action, oblig:ate and bidd the
Btato to a,ssumptiotr thereof, was repealed by seotion
403(b) of Fub. L. 90-284, title IV, ,{pr. 11, 1968, 82 Stat.
?9, such repeal not to altest al]y ceBslon of jurisdiction
ma.de pursuant

to

plished Jan. 3, 1959, on issuance of Proc. No, 39S9, Jan,

3, 1959, 24 F.R,. 81, ?3 Stat. c16, as required by sectiotrs
1 and 8(c) of Pub. Ir. 85-508, July 7, 1953" 72 Stat. 339, set
out a,s notes Breceding sectiotr 21 of Title 48, Territories
and Iasular Possessions-

AMENDMENT OF' STATE CONSTITIJTIONS TO REMO]TE

IJEGAI, IMPEDIMENT; EFFEC1]IVE DATE

Section 6 of act Aug. 15, 1953, provided that: "NotwithsiaEding tho prorisiolls of al1y anabling Act for
the admi*siofl of a State, the consent of the Udted
States is hereby givon to the people of any State to
ameBd, where necessary, their State constltution or existing statutes, as the case may be, to remove any legal

impealimeni to bhe a$sumptioo ol civil and criminal ju-

ri$diction in accordatrce witlr the provlsions of thiB Act

ladding this section aqd section 1162 of Tible 18, Crimes
and Criminal Procedurel: Prouid,ed, That the provislons
of this Act sha1l not become effective with respect to

sEch

sectio[ prior

bo

lts

repea.l.

Retrocessior of jurisdiction by State acquired by

State purBuant to sectiorl 7 of Act Aug. 15, 1953, prior
to its repeal, seo $ectior 1323 of Title 25, Indian$.
$

1361.

Action to compel an officer of the United

States to perform his duty

The district courts shall have original Jurisdiction of any a,ctlon in the nature of mandamus
to compel an officer or employee of the United
States or any agency thereof to perform a aluty
owed to the plaintiff.
(Added Pub, L.87148, $1(a), Oct.5, 1962, ?6 Stat.
744.)
$

1362.

hdian tribes

The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of a1l civil actious, brought by any In*
dian tribe or band wlth a goverring body duly
recognized by the Secretary of the L:terior,
wherein the matter in controversy arises under
the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United
States.
(Added Pub.

L. 8M35,

S1, Oct. 10, 1S66, B0 Stat.

BBO.)

Jurors' employment righte

The district courts shall have orig:inal juriEdiotion of any civil actlon brought for the protection of jurors' employment unaler section 1875
of this tit1e.
(Added Pub. L. 95-572, S6(bX1), Nov. 2, 19'lB, 92
$

186S.

Stat.

2457.)

A.DMISSION OF ALASKA AS STATE

Admissiou of Alaska il1to the Union was accom-

TO

ASSUME JUR,ISDI0TIoN

98-353

relatiug to Alaska,.
197&-Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95-698 directed the a.mendmenb of subsec. (a) try substitutiag in bhe item relating

$ 1S6$

PB,Io& PE,ovISIoNs

A prior section
thls tltle.

1383

was renumbered section 1366 of

EFFEoTI

DATE

oI Pub. L. 95-5?2 provided that:

'o(a) Exoepi as provided in subseetion (b)

Section

of this section, the ameadmeats made by this Act [enactillgi this

sectiotr and section 1875, renumbering section 1365, reIati[g: to corstructioll ol references to law$ of the
Uoited States or Acts of Congress, as section 1364, and
amending: $ectioos 1.863, 1865, 1866, 1869, and 1871 of this
titlel shall apply with resllect to any girand or petib
juror summoned lor servlce or actua,lly serving on or
after the date of onactment of this Act [Nov. 2, 1978].
"(b) The amondmeot made by section 5 of this Act
[amentling: sectlon L8?1 of this title] sha]l apply with respect to any gratrd or petit juror serving on or after the
sixtieth day foilowiag the date of etractment of this Act
lNov. 2, 19781."

TITLEI 2&_JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE

1357
EFFAC"TT\TE

DATE OF

hjurios under Federal laws

The district courts shall have original jurlsdiction of any civil action comrrenced by any
person to recover damage$ for any injury to his
person or property oa accolutt of a&y aet done
by him, unde? any Act of Congress, for the protection or collectlon of any of the revenues, or
to enforce the risht of citizens of tho United
$tates to vote in any State.
1357.

(June 25, 1948, ch.646, 62 Stat.934.)

IIrstOaNCar, AND REVISIoN NOTES
Based on title 28, U,S.C., 1940 ed., $41(11) (Mar. 3,
ch. 231, $24, par. 11, 36 Stat. 1092.)

1911,

Words "any civil actlon" were substituted for "aI]

suits," in view of Rulo 2 of the Federal Eules of Civil
Proceilure.

Minor changes were mr.de in Bh-raseolog"y$

1358. Eminent domain

The district courts sha1l have origi:raI jurisdiction of al1 proceedings to condefim real estate

for the use of the United States or its

alepart-

ments or ageneie$.
(June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat.935.)

HrsroBrcAl AND Il,EvrsIoN NorES

Based on sectior 257 of title {0. U.S.C., 1940 ed.. Public
Bulldings, Property, and Works (Aus. 1, 188$, ch. 728, $1,
25 Stat. 357; Ma,r.3, 1911, ch.231, $291,36 Stat.1167).
The veaue provisions of sectiotr 2A? of title 40, U.S.C.,
1940 ed., are i&corporated in sectioD 1403 of this title.

Other provisioas of section 257 of

title

ed., are retained in said tltle 40.

Changies were made ia phraseology.
$

40, U.S.C., 1940

1859. Parties coIueively joined or made

A distriet court shall not have jurisdiction of

a civil ection in which any party, by assignment
or otherwise, has beer improperly or colluslvely
made or joined to invoke the jurisdiction of such
court.

(June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 935.)

}IISToR,IOAL AND ltE\,IsIoN NoTEs

Based on

tible

28, U.S.C., 1940 ed. $$41(1) and 80 (Mar.

10S1, 1098; May 14,

3, 1911, ch. 231, S$24(1), S7, 36 Stat.

ch.283, $1,48 Stab.775; Aus.21,1937, ch.726, !1,50

Stat. ?38; Apr. 20, 1940, eh. 117, 54 Stat. 148).
Other provlsiotrs of section 41(1) of title 28, U.S.C.,
1940 ed., are ioeorporated in sections 1331, 1332, 1341,
1342, 1345, and 1354 of this tltle.
Provisi,ons of seetios 80 oi title 23, U.S.C., 1940 ed,., for
payment of costs upon alismi8sal of an action for lack
of jurisdictlon are i[corporated ln section 1919 of this
iitle. Other provisions of said section 80 appear in sec1934,

tion

1447

of

thls iitle.

Prorislons of sectiotr 80 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., for

alismissai of an action not really afld substafltially involving a dispute or controversy within the jurisdietion
of a district court, were omitted as u[necessary. Any
eourt will dlsmiss a. case not withitr its jurisdiction
when its atbention is tlrawa to tbe fact, or even on its
owl1

motion.

346

Irhraseology," see, 35 I1l. Law R,ev., January 1941, Bp.

1g8O AMENDMEN'IT

Amendment by Pub. IJ. 96-41? appllcable with respeot

to civii actiors commenced on or after the 90th tlay
after Nov. 1, 1980, see soction 701(c)(1)CB) of Pub. L.
96-41?, set oub a.s a aote u[der section 251 of this title.
$

Pase

The as,5lgree clause in section 41(1) of tiile 28, U.S.C,,

1940 ed., "1s a jumble of legislative jarBon." (For furttror refereaces to the coasequeaces of "its obscure

569-571.)

Ahe revised section chaoges this clauee by conlining

cases wherein the asBignment its im-

its application to

properly or collusively made to invoke Jurisdiction.

Furthermore, the dlffrculty of apFlying the original
clause is overcofiie and the original purpose of such
clause is better served by substantially followitrg seotioa 80 of iitle 28, U.S.C.. 1940 ed.
The assigaoe plause was incorporated i]l the origiual
Judiciary Aot of 1?89. Such section 80 was enacted in
1875. The history of the assiinee clause "shows cle&rly
hhat its purpose alld effect, at the time of its enactment were to preve[t the conferring of jurisdiction on
tho Federal courts, ou grounds of dlversity of citizensbip, by assignmerlt, in cases where it wou]d not othorwise exist." (Sowell v. Fed,eral Reserue Bank, 7925, 45
B.Cr. 528, 529, 208 U.B. 449, 453, 69 L.Ed. 1041, 1048.) Thus
the purpose of the assiguee clause was to prevetrt the
maaufacture of I'ederal jurisdiction by the device of assig:nment. It achieves thls purpose only partially. For

example,

the

a$$igxxee

clause excepts tlro types ol

ehoses in action fmm its coveragei (1) Foreign bill of

exchange; antl (3) corporate bearer paper. But this does
$ot Brevent the use of assig:nment of these choses tn a,c-

tiotr to create the trecesgary diversity or allerag:e for

jurisdistional purposes. $uch sectlon 80 does, however,

prevent that. (See Bullord, u. Cita of Cisco, 1933, 54 S.Ct.
177, 290 U.S. 179, 78 L.Ed. 254, 93 A.L.R,. 141.) Its coverag'e
against collusive jurisdiction is unlimited, and its aIF
proach is direct. The assignee clause, on tho other
hand, preve[ts the bona fide assignee of a chose in action withio its torms from resortingi to the Federal
courbs urless bhere is jurisdlctioE to support bhe assig:nee-pla.lntiffs case and a showing that ihere would
have been jurisdiction if the assiginor had broughb the
action i:r lieu of the assignee-plaintif{. Since the asslg:nee clause dealB with the bona fide assieinge, there
has been much litig:atlon to determine the as8lglIments
which sbould or should not be within the purview of the
clause. Thus the courts have thought it ad\risable to
Iimit the term "chose in action" and exclude from its
scope (1) aa implled in law duty or promise, and (2) a
transfor of a property iaterestt and to exclude an as*
signment by operation of law from the coveraie of tbe

clause. Intermeaiiate assignments and reassignment

also give &ifficulty.

civil jurisdiction in acfione to which

fndig-s are parties
(a) Eacb of the States listed in the following
table shall have jurisdiction over civil aauses of
action between Indi"ans or to which Indians are
parties which arise in the areas of Indian country listed opposite the name of the State to the
same extent that such $tate has jurlsdiction
over other civil causes of action, a,nd thoEe ci1iil
laws of sueh State that are of general appllcation to private persons or private property shall
have the same force and effect within such fndian country as they have elsewhere within the
$

1$60. State

Statei

State of

Alaska
California

Indian country affected

All Indian country within

the

State.

All Indlan courtry withiu

the

State.

Millnesota

.4"11

Nebraska

AU Indian oountry within the

Oregon

All Inilian country withirl the

State, except the Wa,rm

Wisconsin

AII lndian country within

Indian cou&try within the

State, excepi tho Red Lake

Iieservatiou,
Sta,te.

Springs Reservation.
State.

the

?3d CoITGBESS. SESS.

I.

CHS. +8,

49' JUSE 5, 6, 1933.

113

r"r'5

g-*trtr K:r
#*,fffi
*r:!9,,:!,!/2m
Ta'
ilffi#$
nmrisiot conteiied io or rr& with repect to 8try oblrgatnon wrrlctr
a

'purporA

gve the obligoo r right to rcqdrs p*yt.*9 in gpld or

lcy'

s*

ffi.ff ffi-Hqgtry,,fi,1-tfr Hg"ffiffij"*ffi

Every-obrigation,,m,b"-ffi f,t"# Trfff#:ffi,S#,hffi"
rhether-or uo6 eny--rucL-Pryvism

leHofors or f,eresf6r iDcore4

i" ;;"fi;Atetd" or -ras wi6

{gsPeet t}emtot

nhilt ss aicrcuryepa

ffiffiffi?j#I'i"#fiiu??J,?ffi,ff :Hffl,"#g'9,$ffi d
*
BfHHffiffi#q,Tt'a:
#ffiS
fr.Sffi.'86tr8ffi#,ffiifi&
invali'lr6
not
sh&ll
p"rddoa
;;tffifil th" Iep".t;};r;""h
-

:?,ffi lxrryr sffiil$ffi.,T"ffiS;"ru6

*-ffiE
r#,.ffi#

-e "dil,d6*ffiH"**g*ffimffi..c&c,,*,'
drculs6,g notes of

ffifi i""t"dt"c-f"a*"t"n"s"c !4.s_",d

ffif ffi

#$ffirlffifft ffii$lffi" e)'{,x#"",,-trr

a*l';&'"ffi#"rT,ffiJ$#,%rt*
ty tu6@

to rrise ravuui foi eitmondiary erpoqea^incnrred

o.t

ffir*Tr*fff-*E#%;

ildt'socL ttd-basli rndlor dhc purpm', epproved !fiey 151'

igs8. iE eomded to roitd rs follows;
-rifr ffi
tho Unitsil- g!s!6 -(igdudisg. rqd
""a--"i*.na*,t
ssat cirmldiDg notes of trr6dsrsl Bem've banks
eret nsrs rotss
*d ;d"r"l-b8nHtrc amci*ionI) hestofoq or leruftpr qinsd
or ieme& shstl bo logrl trdr for all debts' publig-and privetat

rHY

ff*ffidlr'#,,1*#-

for tfte "i.rlg pim. E[dl bs lqal tmder mly at valuatioo in

pmportion
6 tlfrir riturl YsighL'
Appovadr&mt 6' 1933' 4'{l P.u.
lcEArrEB

4e.I

AN AgT

tt crtrbllrtucot of r ndiood-oployracot ty!tt-@- eod.-for

rttt ttc Stst"" t! thc pootlou ol luie ryrto, aad for otl.'

To
umvldc for
- -ofipor.tio!

,@GrE
-rffir

PorPo6..

Be

it

Md b! tha BMc od Eouc of Bepqaenturioec of tla

o"lii Eida ilri-ti a. corrgncq aueittcl"-T.1oat .(r) :a oldsr dHtEH'xo.

to nromote tls bgtrhliehrrcBt ;sfl mrintmmm of I nstronal EtSm
of

-nublic

emplovment

offs

tiom is

hEby created

ir

-uEhd

-erF

SfHffitrf
Employ' rrsr'

the-Dcpart-

nsit of lr$r i funan to bo ho'rn rg rli llnitd StslF

-"nt S"rrico. et ths [3ad of which thsll bs a diregtor. Thq dimctor -apDotlmt,ctc'ot

#Hiffi r##J"mFsf*-r:"#;lnffi
Der antrurtr

"*

of three monthg efter the ensc*Ectt of *t#ffi;g

existigg i+ th" Deprrtenen-t f,raarodtitnor
"'--'
oi Lobor shall 60 itotisUea; enil all record+ files, and Propepy
(including ofrce equipment) of the existing employment aernce

"*rfr..Ufio ths exoirrtim

tlil' 'L"t-tn" empblnent servica-uow
A6A3?r--9rt--8

?Bd

112

co!{GnESS. sEss.

ICEAPTEB

--r,]f"*ffi

46.1

I.

CHS.

4H8.

JIINU 3,5,

1933.

AI{ Ag?

JL'}H#&oi"Tffi mil"ll#f
h-nEI,,Hffi foffi?'S#lH"f
f;6turY d tbe United Stotea
Bedt enactedv tt?lc q*4:

",f 'tff

trIftr'ffiWffii:'#
to withdraw

-u* h
Mcorohr ww A*eil SW'cc of A'turioa
orwbcda"a t"
^- rae ^iT.#"r"t-kii

;i HrI
ffi "ffi
[fl-*]ta"']H"fi]?#,#
'[i'fi
A"r-:i6*i]*r
;ffiffiffi"
ItH'fi Jt"H$,#Jiftr'fl*.f,t]rif,
th st{L:Lq**:
ffr-J
toai"'s
if;T"ffif#-t#triti
is"hereby, authorized

in the Stets
+r,. rr"nominee
i""q lndians iD

of 'Wiscolsin

$IFEHfl#-ffi*He,;;mmw:fiffi;

-ffietrs
J"ffirIJ*d

}risonsor u
;i",Hr#*';ffi,i}tr*'?li*}f;
th" tf;;-i"d Tribe of lodi* 9{ Qe S$to ofEsy
aE the ssid Scretlry
Precrrbo'
teg"t"tions

Approved, June 3, 1933-

tcEAPrEn

#ffi

47'l

JorNT BEEoLImolr

,-**ffi^gyo,,f#f

fi fr $*JWnAffi

s&H.'oo

ffil

ii;;* -ia+ff HH,ffhff #ffid:

";;",;
appmvea a#*t a,1ffiItr,
ka
i;a:;ffii.ii[- f*Xffu*,ffi1r'6
ffi,.by,repoald.
is
;;-td*fu

'ffi i,;H
El

lotl *

i?,,*i:;.

fr;rL-

1?e,

APPmved, Juns

6 1933'

ICIIAPIEB 1I.I

rDa.IE
I0a,

JOIT{" EDAOLTIf,ION

udfcu Y'I@ to tLt

-ldEEE-Er--""*ntg'Ige**"lt_
IEJ.Ba

?o aeoru

oolst tEd

srrcndr

of

tto tldlod Strte'

srd

-Hffi1^*."""uffi*ffiffi?trH

ffim.,.itliill'a"*f"iia
the'

i"iii.f "t t[" C""g"q

to insiDtsin at ell times

mlff;i*g-t*tJlffi"t'"ffi.f;,J"F,*,o*tH
d,ffi
it
fore,
be

--

a/

THE

STATT]TES AT LARGE
OT

UNITED

lEE

STAT

OFAMERICA
:

MARCII 1933 to Jt llE 1934

CONfi'NNET{T BF;IIOLIIrION$
RECEIiIT TNEATIES AND CONVETTIONS, EXEfiITIYE PROCI.AMXTIONS
AT{D AGNEMIE{IB,
"IITEOTDTilENT
CONSTmffION
TO ?EE"WENTT-I'INST

EtllD,tnlllli@, rxD FITEEE, lf 4ltmntTr ot coltoGE

I'ITDT 1ffE DIIEI!(rX O' re EECATITNT OF AAS

YOL.

XLVIII

IN TWO PARTS

Pear l-Public Acte and Resollrtions.

Penr z-Privatc Aras snd Reeolutior& Concmeut ResolutionE
Tteaties aud Couveutious, Erwutiye Prrodamations
and AgremoNrtE, Twe*ty-ffret Amadment to tle

Comtitutior.

PANT

:l

os 330 'D

FASMGfIION:

Fcrbtr$cfr-htutoaDrctlft&rro,D.C"

I$l

- -

-- elo6H.0(3ldra)

LIE

G
R{R)'
OF

C O.\GRE55
of Busrn ess Flnterprists
I)uplicadon Services Section

( )t-tice

THIS IS TO CERTIFY that the collections of the Library of Congress contain apublication
entitled TIIE STATUTES AT LARGE OF TI{E UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, and that
the attached photocopies (from PART l, VOL. XLVilD - the title page and pages 112 and I 13
on which appears H.J. Res. 192, aJOINT RESOLUTION To assure uniform value to the coins
and currencies of the United States, June 5, 1933 - are a true representation from that work.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the seal of the Library of Congress is affixed hereto on

May2,2012.

Offiee of Business Enterprises

Library of Congress

101 Inticpendcnce .\vcnue, SL) V'ashingon, DC

20540-4917'ltl 202.70?.5630 wut'.ltc.Err,: duplicationseruices($rx.gov

LoAN

*r

100059346

(C) Payment of Gosts and E(penses

li Lender has required immediate payment in full, as described above, Lender may require Borrower to pay costs

and expenses includ'ing reasonable and customary attorneys'fees for enforcing this Note to the extent not prohibited
by appiicable law, Suctifees and costs shall bear inierestfrom the date of disbursement atthe same rate as the principal
of this Note.

7.

WAIVERS
Borrower and any other person who has obligations under this Note.vfiaive the rights of presentment and.notice of
dishonor, "Presentment" means the right to require Lender to demahd payment of apounts due. "Notiie of dishonor"
means the right to require Lender to give notice to other persons that drnounts duehave not been paid,

8.

GIV]NG OF NOTICES
Unless applicable law requires a different method, any notice,that musj be given to Borrower under this Note will
be given Uy il6livering it or by mailing it by first class mail to Borrower dt the property addresb above or at a different
addless if Borrower has given Lender a notice of Bopower's different address,
Any notice that mustte given to Lender under this Note will be given by first class mail'to Lender at the address
stated in Paragraph 4(B) or at a different address if .Borrower ii given a notice of that pifferent address,

9.

OBLIGATIONS OF PERSONS UNDER THIS NOiE

lf more than one person signs this Note, each lerson is'fully and personally obligated to keep all of the promises
made in this Note, inciuding the promise to paythefultamountowed, Any persgn who_ is a.guarantor, suretyor.endorser
of this Note is also obligatet to cio these thihgi. Any person who takes overthese obligations, including the obligations
of a guarantor, surety 6r endorSer of this Noie, is itso obligated to keep tll of the promises made in this Note' Lender
may-enforce its rightsunderthis Note against each person individually oragainst allsignatories together. Any one person
signing this Nots may be required to pay all of the amounts owed under this Note.
BY SIGNING BELOW, Borrower accepts and agrees to the terms and covenants contained in this Note.

(SeaI )

Brenda Bryant

ro80 loN00L8d

Z lo Z

aEBd
96/0

'cul'sluetuncoo eulluo
erBlsBln}l VHJ

- oloN oleH po)qJ

LOAN

*! 100069346

NOTE
Multistate
NEW .IERSEY

River Edget

,ruNE 30, 2010

I Date I

LI State

tcitYl

/lp'

6330 Mozart Dri.ve, Rive

I

Property

&

\o
1.

PARTIES

and assigns. "Lender"

"Borrower" means each person signing at

MEANS REAL ESTA{rE MORTGAGE

and its successors and assigns,

2.

BORROWER'S
ln return for a loan

THOUSAI{D

(u,s.

SIX

HI,'NDRED
. oo.

$48,571

date of disbursement

(
3,

princ

)st

s.L25Z
PROM

security instrument that is dated the

protects the Lender from losses

same
which

rffi
"W

1sr
remaining on the

day of each month

daY of

1sT

Date,"

U will

to Borrower,

willl
and

(D) Ailonge to this Note for payment adiustments

lf an allonse providins ioi p"vin"iit ao;ustmenis'is eiecutea bv B:T.o*:11?9:*t-yi$^tlil-I"-t"";lf,i:i::::T,"":i
as if the allonge were
shal be in"oido*t;Jinto ano ;haii ;;end and supplement the covenants of this Note
allonge
the
a part of this Note,
gllargted Payment Allonge [-.l Growing Equity Allonge
fit'"iX "pplicaUle boxl E
[---l Other [specify]

5.

BOHHO\'\IER'S RIGHT TO PREPAY

Borrower has the righiio'p"v ir',E a"ut evidenced by this Note, in whole

o.r

in P3rt,

without charge or penalty, on the

firstdayofanymonih,lEnoerlnittacceptprefayrnlni.i"oul"rdaysprovidedthaib.orrowerpaysinterestontheamount
by regulations of the secretary'
prepaid for the remainder of the month
lf Borrower makes

ioine;;tent required uy.t-enoer and permitted

upurti"rpr"p"vment, there,iriiiu" no &',"ng"6

in

th" due daie or

in

the ainountof the monthlypayment

unless Lender agrees in writing to those changes'

6.

BORROWER'S FAILURE TO PAY

(A) Late Charge for Overdue Payments
lf Lender has notreceived

of this Note, by the end'

amount

of FouR

of
vr

as described in Paragraph 4(c)

collect a late charge in the
may
Lender
is
due,
payment
the
a'tter
days
q.
"uidno'ir
) of the overdue amount of each
fercent

tirefullmonth[ plyment required bythe security lnstrument,

15
Lr

-'-

obot

I ACCEPT YOUR CHARGES FOR VALUE & CONSIDERATION AND RETURN THIS ITEM TO
YOU FOR FULL DISCHARGE, CLOSURE AND SETTLEMENT OF THE ACCOI.JNT. POST FULL
SETTLEMENT & CLOSURE OF LOAN NUMBER 1000693468'HA CASE NUMBER 105-5820332703 &, AUTOTRIS & CUSIP ACCOLINT NUMBER 313565048, IN ACCORD WITH UCC 3-401, UCC
3.4I9,HJR 192IPUBLIC LAW 73-IO, LTNCITRAL, LINILOS & I"IN CHARTER, CONRESSIONAL
RECORD page A3220 of May 11,1955, Title 31 U.S.C. Sec. 5118(d)2.
PLEASE USE MY EXEMPTION FOR FULL SETTLEMENT & CLOSURE OF THIS ACCOIINT AS
THIS ACCOLINT IS PRE.PAID AND EXEMPT FROM LEVY.

oate:

Y2o.ul,n/utu

itl 2olS
AE t.

By:
Tiyemerenaset Ma'at El OrM
Authorized representative for:
BRENDA BRYANT OTM
Clo 6TA Mozart Drive
Riverdale, Georgia 13 029 61

Jurat
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (http ://www.un. ore/esa/socdev/unpfi i/documents/DRlP S-en.pdt)
United Nations Convention on Economic, Sccial & Cultural Rigtrts, United Nations
Charter; Articles 55 8L 56, UNCITRAL, UNILOS, Presidential Proclamation 7500, H.J.R.
194, S. Con. Res. 26, S. 1200, H.J.R.3, U.S. Department of the Treasury.
me

Personally

Known

this day of Ylewa/ap

t'7

,2015,

Produced Identification

Type of ID

t6
Jott
c7
C"**1.",* E.pr*t /

My