A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TYPE OF EMPLOYEES 2015

WITH GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES

A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TYPE

OF EMPLOYEES WITH GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES
Asri Bin Osman
Master in Business Administration (MBA),Arshad Ayub Graduate Business School,
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam,
Selangor, Malaysia
0162276625,oasri@yahoo.com

Sumaiyyah Roshidi
Master in Business Administration (MBA),Arshad Ayub Graduate Business School,
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam,
Selangor, Malaysia
013-3022987, sumaiyyah281@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The purpose of the research is to study the role of Personality Types,
Gender and Age difference in organization. Sample of the present research
consisted of 18 male and 22 female employees. Their minimum educational
qualification was graduation . All the respondents were individually
approached and they were requested to fill the demographic data sheet and
personality types questionnaire.

. Their age range was from 20 to 39

years. They were divided into three groups according to their age, early
adulthood is from age 20 to 29 years, middle adulthood is from age 30
to 39 years and upper adulthood is from age 40 to 49 years. Personality
type, Type A and Type B personality was measured by using Job
Demand and Worker Health Survey (Shermerhorn , osborn, Uhl-Bien,
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A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TYPE OF EMPLOYEES 2015

WITH GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES
Hunt, 2012). their ratings on large score regarding Type A (36 and
also above) and Type B Personality rating (22 and below) and Type AB
Personality the way it is thought to have combine characteristics
regarding Type The and B personalities with the total rating (23-35).
Moreover gender and age change in individuality types seemed to be
counted through the test.

INTRODUCTION

Our identities decide how we act and respond, and also how we interface with
and react to the world. In spite of much research, the sources of identity are still
a riddle. However numerous hypotheses endeavour to clarify them. A few
analysts suggest that youngsters take in identity from their guardians; others
trust identity is altered from conception. A few hypotheses address how
environment, hereditary qualities, and society impact the improvement of
identity. Identity sort alludes to the mental grouping of diverse sorts of
individuals. Identity sorts are recognized from identity qualities, which come in
distinctive levels or degrees. As per sort speculations, for case, there are two
basics sorts of individuals, thoughtful people and extraverts.
With reference to the consumer behavior, personality is an important factor
because the trait people possess affect the way consumers behave and prefer
products, (Gilbert. A. & Churchill, J, 1999)
Individuality is usually classified into three wide-ranging categories based on
Personality Sorts. These are generally Type A, Variety B in addition to
Type AB Individuality.
Personality

features

like

workaholics,

ambitiousness,

aggressiveness,

competitiveness, drive, anxiety, need pertaining to control in addition to

unrealistic perception of emergency are conceptualized as features of Type A
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A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TYPE OF EMPLOYEES 2015

WITH GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES
Individuality. And features for type B is relax toward their task with minimum
pressure.
According to (Friedman, M. & Rosenman, R. H. , 1974) define the Type A
personality as An action-emotion complex that can be observed in any person
who is aggressively involved in a chronic, incessant struggle to achieve more
and more in less and less time, and if required to do so, against the opposing
efforts of other things or other person. People characterized by moderate
ambitiousness and drive, accommodating attitude, cooperativeness, in general,
an easy going approach to life are conceptualized as Type B Personality.

It is also possible to have a mix characteristics of Type A and B personalities,

which is classified as Type AB personality (www.sedona.com)

2 METHOD
2.1

Sample :

A sample of 40 employees, 18 males and 22 females were taken on the

basis of convenient sampling technique from different department but
in the same company at PETRONAS Twin Towers, Kuala Lumpur.
Respondents in this study were comes from various major such as
Business Administration, Finance, and Engineering. Occupation was
not recorded so as to assure respondents of anonymity. Their age range
was from 20 to 39 years. They were divided into three groups
according to their age, early adulthood is from age 20 to 29 years,
middle adulthood is from age 30 to 39 years and upper adulthood is
from age 40 to 49 years.

2.2 Materials:
2.2.1 Demographic Data Sheet:

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A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TYPE OF EMPLOYEES 2015

WITH GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES
It included information related to employees gender,
race, age, education level, marital status and monthly
personal income.

2.2.2 Personality Type Scale

It consists of nine questions. All respondent are requested to
read each of the questions carefully and circle and give rate
for each statement that based on their true self. The
maximum score for each statement is 5 and total maximum
score is 45. Responses were totalled and compared to a
scoring key to determine personality type. Type A
personalities tend to score 36 and above. Type B
personalities tend to score 22 and below. Scores of 23 to 35
indicate a balance or mix of Type A and Type B.

MEASURES
Personality type, Type A and Type B personality was measured by using
Job Demand and Worker Health Survey (Shermerhorn , osborn, Uhl-Bien,
Hunt, 2012) This scale was composed of nine items. Sample items included
I hate giving up before Im absolutely sure my work is done and I
approach my work more seriously than most people I know measured on
five-point Liker type scale ( 1 = not true at all, 3 = not true or untrue, and 5
= very true)

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A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TYPE OF EMPLOYEES 2015

WITH GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES

Procedure

Individuals were approached into their company. They were being

requested to voluntarily get involved as taste and well informed that
administration of list of questions and scale will take not more than ten
minutes. Moreover most information gathered will be kept top secret. After
using consent group data bed sheet was filled up. After number of data
employees been collected and the data were being divided straight into three
groups on such basis as their ratings on large score regarding Type A (36
and also above) and Type B Personality rating (22 and below) and Type AB
Personality the way it is thought to have combine characteristics regarding
Type The and B personalities with the total rating (23-35). Moreover gender
and age change in individuality types seemed to be counted through the test.
.

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A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TYPE OF EMPLOYEES 2015

WITH GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES

RESULTS
A(36-45)

B(0-22)

10%

AB(23-35)

0%

90%

Pie chart 1: Personality types percentage

Personality Type
N
Percentage (%)
A
4
10%
B
0
0%
AB
36
90%
Total
40
100
Table 1 : Personality types percentage

Based on the pie chart its shows that 90% from 40 respondents which is 36 employees falls into
type AB personality category, while another 10% from 40 respondents which is 4 employees
falls into type A personality category.

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A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TYPE OF EMPLOYEES 2015

WITH GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES
Male

Female

45%
55%

Pie chart 2: Percentage based on Gender

Gender
N
Percentage(%)
Male
18
45%
Female
22
55%
40
100
Total
Table 2: Percentage based on Gender

Based on the pie chart its shows that 45% from 40 respondents which is 18 employees represent
male. Meanwhile, another 55% from 40 respondents which is 22 employees represent female.

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A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TYPE OF EMPLOYEES 2015

WITH GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES
20-29

30-39

40-49

14%

28%
60%

Pie chart 3: Percentage based on Age

Age
N
Percentage(%)
20 below
0%
0%
20-29
24
60%
30-39
11
27.50%
40-49
5
12.50%
50 above
0%
0%
40
100
Total
Table 2: Percentage based on Age

Based on the pie chart its shows that 45% from 40 respondents which is 18 employees represent
male. Meanwhile, another 55% from 40 respondents which is 22 employees represent female.

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A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TYPE OF EMPLOYEES 2015

WITH GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES

Personality types
B

AB

Gender
Male
Female

3
1

0
0
0

19
17

Ages
Below 20
0
0
0
20-29
3
0
21
30-39
0
0
11
40-49
1
0
4
50 and Above
0
0
0
Table 4: Numbers of employees based on gender and age according to personality types

Based on the table above, we can conclude that for the gender it shows 19 respondents
of males are belongs to personality type of AB and age range from 20 to 29 years have the
highest number of respondent that is 21 employees which they all have these mixed personality
type characteristics features of A and B such as relax and all the personality type A features
characteristics . Meanwhile, 17 of females belong to the same personality type. Minority number
of males and females belongs to personality type A, which is 3 and 1 respondent respectively
and also the highest number of respondent for type A is 3 are most likely belong to group age of
early adulthood range from 20 to 29 years where they tend to have more energy, abilities and
confident in working when making the decisions. Furthermore, they all have these characteristics
features such as workaholics, ambitiousness, aggressiveness, competitiveness, drive, anxiety
towards the organization.

6 Conclusion
Type A personality features characteristic, it will make the company perform well and easily
achieve their goals and objective but there are tendency to increase their work pressure. Type B,
they tend to becomes more relax towards their task hence lower work pressure than type A. Type
AB they tend to balance their personality type with all the features characteristic from
personality type A and B.
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WITH GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES

Bibliography
(n.d.). Retrieved from www.sedona.com.
Friedman, M. & Rosenman, R. H. . (1974). Type 'A' behaviour and your heart . Organizational Behaviour
10th ed , 383.
Gilbert. A. & Churchill, J. (1999). Marketing research . Methodological Foundation U.S.A.
Shermerhorn , osborn, Uhl-Bien, Hunt. (2012). Personality Types . In organizational Behaviour 12th (pp.
W-51).

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WITH GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES
APPENDIX
Your Personality Type
Instructions:
Please circle your answers. Thank you.
Section A
Statements

Not
True at
All

Not True
or Untrue

Very
True

1. I hate giving up before Im

absolutely sure that my work is
done.

2. Sometimes I feel that I should not

be working so hard, but
something drives me on.

3. I thrive on challenging situations.

The more challenges I have, the
better.
4. In comparison to most people I
know, Im very involved in my
work.
5. It seems as if I need 30 hours a
day to finish all the things Im
faced with.
6. In general, I approach my work
more seriously than most people
I know.

7. I guess there are some people

who can be nonchalant about
their work, but Im not one of
them.
8. My achievements are considered
to be significantly higher than
those of most people I know.

9. Ive often been asked to be an

officer of some group or groups.

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A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY TYPE OF EMPLOYEES 2015

WITH GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES

Section B: Demographic Questions

Please tick

on the answer that you choose. Only give one answer per question.

1. Sex:
Male

Female

2. Race:
Malay

Chinese

Indians

Others

3. Age:
Under 20

40 49

20 29

50 59

30 39

60 and above

4. Education Level:
SPM
Diploma

Master Degree
PHD

Bachelors Degree

5. Marital Status:
Single

Others

Married

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6. Monthly personal income (RM) :
Less than 1000

3001 4000

1000 2000

4001 5000

2001 3000

5001 and above

End of questions. Thank you!

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