02/05/14

Lngua Inglesa II
Profa. Ma. Glauce Soares Casimiro

Tema 1: Talk About Personal

Communication

Subject
Pronouns
I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They

Object
Pronouns
Me
You
Him
Her
It
Us
You
Them

Oraes com dois objetos. E.g.:

He gave me some flowers (enfatiza o objeto
direto).
He gave flowers to me (enfatiza o objeto
indireto).

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Em ingls, h verbos que podem ser seguidos

tanto pelo objeto direto quanto pelo objeto
indireto. E.g.:
I sent Mary flowers.
I sent flowers to Mary.
She bought him a gift.
She bought a gift to
him.

1. Se o objeto indireto vier imediatamente

aps o verbo, no se usa preposio:
They gave Harold a new car.
Mrs. Jones offered the girls a cake.
My grandma always
wishes me a good luck.

2. Se o objeto indireto vier em segundo lugar,

ou seja, aps o objeto direto, obrigatrio o
uso de preposio:
They gave a new car to Harold.
Mrs. Jones offered a cake
to the girls.
My grandma always
wishes a good luck to me.
rea de segurana para
intrprete de Libras.

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3. Porm, se o objeto direto for um pronome

(it, this...), no haver opo para a colocao
do objeto indireto, pois, sua posio na frase
ser, obrigatoriamente, depois do objeto
direto e sempre com preposio.
I bought it for my sister.
Can you send it to him?
Ill get it for you as soon
as I can.

Ateno para essas observaes:

A. Read & write: esses verbos, quando
seguidos apenas pelo objeto indireto, exigem
o emprego obrigatrio da preposio:
Please, read to me.
You must write to your
parents next weekend.

Por outro lado, se em frases com os verbos

read ou write houver objetos diferentes, ou
seja, um direto e um indireto, possvel
coloc-los tanto imediatamente aps o verbo
como aps o outro objeto:
Read me the letter.
Read the letter to me.
You must write your
parents an e-mail.
You must write an e-mail
to your parents.

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B. Promise, show e tell: o objeto indireto

desses verbos, quando no houver objeto direto
na frase, deve vir, obrigatoriamente, sem
preposio. No entanto, se o objeto direto
estiver na frase e for um pronome, o uso da
preposio ser obrigatrio.
I can t promise you. /
I cant promise it to you.
Show him. /Show it to
him.
Can you tell me?

C . O v e r b o s a y d e v e s e r s e g u i d o,
obrigatoriamente, por um pronome na funo
de objeto direto e por um objeto indireto com
preposio.
Can you say it to me?

The Five Senses and Linking Verbs

Os sentidos so habilidades fsicas de:
Touch
Taste
Sight
Smell
Hearing
Os verbos de ligao so usados para
expressar sensaes provocadas ou
relacionadas a um desses
sentidos.
To feel: I feel fine.
To Look: He looks ill.

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To Sound: You sound disappointed

To Seem: She seems hungry.
To Smell: The pizza smells delicious.
To Taste: The pasta tastes strange.

CONTINUANDO...

What is an object?
An object in grammar is a part of a
sentence, and often part of the predicate. It
refers to someone or something involved in
the subject's "performance" of the verb. It
is what the verb is being done to.

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Leila wrote the poem - the "poem" is the

object.
"Leila" is the subject, the doer or performer,
while "wrote" is the action, and "poem" is
the object involved in the action.

Types of object
There are two types of object: direct and
indirect objects.
Direct object
A direct object answers the question
"What?"

David repaired his car - his car is the direct

object of the verb repaired (What did
David repair?)
The man visited the museum - the
museum is the direct object of the
verb visited (what did the man visit?)

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Indirect Object
An indirect object answers the question "To
whom?" or "For whom?".
There must be a direct object for an indirect
object to be placed in a sentence. In other
words an indirect object cannot exist
without a direct object.

They sent him a postcard - him is

the indirect object of the verb sent.(To
whom did they send a postcard?)
He bought his son a bike - his son is
the indirect object of the verb bought.
(For whom he bought a bike?)

What are linking verbs?

Another way to define linking verbs is that
linking verbs do not express action but
connect the subject and verb to more
information. Some words can function both
as a linking verb and an action verb as you
will see in some of the
sentences below.

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Examples of linking verbs

Michael is a football fan.
Is isnt something that Michael can actually
do. Instead, it connects the subject, Michael
to more information about him, that he
really enjoys playing or watching the ball.
So in this sentence is is
a linking verb.

The dogs are barking angrily at the cat.

Are isnt something dogs can do. Are
connects the subject, dogs, to information
about them, that they are mad at the cat.

Tomas always feels tired when he stays up

playing video games all night.
Feels connects the subject, Thomas, to his
state of being, tired.
Learning to speak a new
language seems impossibly hard at first.

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Seems connects the subject, a new

language, with something said about it, that
its difficulty can be deceiving at first.
There are other verbs that are known as
true linking verbs and they are as follows:

Any form of the verb be which includes am,

it, is, are, were, was, has been, are being,
etc. Also, become and seem are linking
verbs. These verbs are called true linking
verbs because they are always linking
verbs.

Then there are verbs that can be linking

verbs or action verbs. These include feel,
look, remain, grow, appear, smell, taste,
turn, and sounds.

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VAMOS PRATICAR

01) Mark the alternative that completes correctly the

sentence below:
Mr. Lee should give ____________________.
a) A bunch of flowers his wife.
b) His bunch of flowers a wife.
c) His wife a bunch of flowers.
d) A bunch his flowers of
wife.
e) His wife lowers of a
bunch.

02) Rewrite the sentences changing the word order.

Ex.: They gave Mary a new T-shirt. The gave a new
T-shirt to Mary.
a) John bought Susan some flowers.
b) Mrs. Jones offered the girls a cake.
c) My grandma always wishes a good luck to me.
d) I promised to deliver her
the parcel.

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03) Complete the sentences with the words in

brackets in the correct order.
a) Will you show ___________________?
(your/my sister/to/new car)
b) You should write _________________. (email/an/Betty)
c) I can gave _________
_____. (book/her/the/to)

04) Read the sentences, underline the linking

verb and circle the action verb.
a)Suellen left her hairdryer at her mothers
house.
b)Travelling by plane appear to be very safe.
c)Claudia hurried back
home after finish work.

05) Transform the sentences:

a) She is making a cake for Dad.
b) He is writing a card to her.
c) They are buying a birthday present to their
mother.
d) He always asks difficult
questions to us.

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06) Identify if the verbs in bold are linking

verbs or action verbs.
a) Martin was asked to prove that the maid
did it.
b) There was no doubt in his adversarys mind
that his argument would prove faulty.
c) The sign says to stay
behind the line when
contemplating a work of
art.

FINALIZANDO

In English, the five senses are:

Sight
Hearing
Taste
Touch
Smell

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The corresponding verbs, which mean that

we passively receive sensations, are:
To see (sight)
To hear (hearing)
To taste (taste)
To touch (touch)
To smell (smell)

I see a blackbird outside my window.

I hear loud music from my neighbors house
every Friday night.
Can you taste chili in this sauce?
He hurt his finger badly and didnt want me
to touch it.
She smelled smoke and
knew the house was
burning.

One handy little trick is to see if you can

substitute is, and, or are and see if the
sentence still makes sense. If it does then
youre dealing with a linking verb. If it
doesnt make sense after the substitution,
then its an action verb.
Stella tasted anchovy
pizza for the first time.

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Stella is anchovy pizza? Of course not! So in

this case, tasted is an action verb and
expresses something Stella is doing.
The anchovy pizza tasted delicious.

The anchovy pizza is delicious? Some

people think so! Sense tasted can be
replaced with is, the verb tasted is a linking
verb in this sentence.
I smelled the cookies baking as soon as I
walked in the door.

I am the cookies? Not me. Smell, in this

case is acting as an action verb.
The cookies smell divine.
The cookies are divine? Absolutely! Have
one! Smell is a linking verb in the above
sentence.
When Karen felt
the slimy fish, she
dropped it immediately.

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Here are some examples of sense verbs:

See= 'Can you see that airplane?
Look='She looked at the painting carefully.'
Hear = 'I heard the phone ringing.'
Sound = 'She sounds like Madonna.'

Feel = 'Abdul felt his chair move.

Taste= 'Can you taste this soup for me?
Watch = 'They watched the film together.
Smell = 'Cigarette smoke smells terrible.'

Compare these two sentences to see the

difference in meaning between base and
ing verbs. The sense verb is saw (see).
'I saw her play football.' = I saw the whole
game of football/ I saw the whole action.
'I saw her playing
football' = When I saw
her she was playing.

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We can use sense verbs with adjectives to

describe our personal opinions and thoughts
about things:
'This cake tastes delicious.'
'The seawater feels warm.'
'You look tired.'
'Fresh bread smells
great.'
'This new band sound
original'

We use subject + sense verb + like + object to

compare the similarity between two nouns. For
example:
'Your father looks like Father Christmas.'
Your father (subject) + looks (sense verb) + like
+ Father Christmas (object)
'Perfume smells like
flowers.'
'This tastes like dog
food!'

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