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antenna
Antenna aperture
In electromagnetics and antenna theory, antenna aperture or
effective area is a measure of how effective an antenna is at
receiving the power of radio waves. The aperture is defined as
the
area,
oriented
perpendicular
to
the
direction
of
an
Po
PDi
be
impedance
matched
to
the
antenna's
feedpoint
impedance.
Although this concept is based on an antenna receiving a radio
frequency wave, knowing Aeff directly supplies the (power) gain
of that antenna. Due to reciprocity, an antenna's gain in
as
well
transmitting
be
used
antenna.
to
Note
compute
that
Aeff
the
is
performance
a
function
of
of
a
the
pattern.
When
no
direction
is
specified,
Aeff
is
I ( ) =
Aeff
A phys
which
reduce
the
power
output.
Aperture
efficiencies
of
Aeff = AI ()
where A =
D 2
4
aperture,
I () is a function, termed the aperture efficiency (or
illumination efficiency), which takes into account both
the radiation pattern of the primary radiator and the
effect of the angular aperture.
Note: The radiation efficiency is the usual efficiency that
deals with ohmic losses. Since horn antennas are often used as
feeds,
and
these
have
very
little
loss,
and
because
the
per
square
metre)
aperture
(square
metres)