Ece Gate Paper 26 Answers

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Answer Keys:General Aptitude

1
10
711040
Electronics and Communication Engineering

1
80
10
11
0.057
12
8000
13
14
15
16
110.88
17
18
19
54
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
-10.6
27
29
30
31
102
32
33
34
36
37
30
38
39
40
43
18.02
44
437.9
45
4.11
46
66.85
47
50
2600
51
52
53
10
54
6.23
1.187
28
35
-1
41
42
48
49
-5.333
55
Explanations:General Aptitude
4.
If we let the original probability be x, we get:

x(1/2)(1/2)(1/2) = 1/64
x(1/8) = 1/64
x = (1/64)(8/1) = 8/64 = 1/8.
5.
We know the smallest number we can make is 1111 and the largest number we can make is
4444.
We also know that our numbers will be evenly distributed in the middle (i.e. 1112 is balanced
by 4443; 1113 is balanced by 4442). So, we can solve using the average formula.
Finally, we know that there are 4*4*4*4 = 256 numbers in our set.
Average = sum of terms/# of terms
sum of terms = average * # of terms
sum of terms = (1111+4444)/2 * 256 = 5555/2 * 256 = 5555*128 = 711040
6.
Let's call the children A and B. We can't have AB in the first two, in the middle two or in the
final two slots. That's three restricted cases. But we also can't have BA in the first two, in the
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middle two or in the final two slots. So, we need to multiply 3 by 2. In other words, to
account for order, you needed to multiply by 2.
Similarly, total number of cases is all the ways you can put A and B into any of the two slots:
4C2, but again you have to account for order, so: 4C2 *2.
Therefore,
Total = permitted + restricted
4C2*2 = permitted + 3*2
Permitted = 6.
7.
If x is the cost of each software license, the cost of each server is 10x.
The total cost of the purchase is
= 24(10x) + 10x= 240x + 10x= 250x
To determine the database software's percent of the total cost, divide the total cost of the
software by the total cost of the purchase. Thus,
= 10x/250x=0 .04 = 4%
8.
On dividing we get
88
9217
104
88
417
352
65
Therefore required number 9217 88 65 9217 23 9240

Electronics and Communication Engineering
1.
d cos
Array factor, Af cos
45 ,
1 2
Af cos cos 45
2 2
1
cos cos 45
2
for Af 0
cos 3
3.
cos 1 3
A minimum current must flow through inductor always. For this purpose a bleeder resistor is
connected across output terminal of power supply. Such that even if RL is disconnected, It
will allow path for minimum current flow through inductor and for better voltage regulation.
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4.
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R
2k
Current gain (Ai ) 1 2 1
2k
R1
1
I0 2 10 2 103 4A
PL I02 R L 16 5 80W
5.
Required probability=p(X<0)
(Shaded Area)
=p(Z<-2)
<0.5
Required probability is greater than 0
But less than 0.5

Z 2
6.
Z0
The Cauchy-Riemann equations in polar-from are

u 1 v
u v
r r
r
(1)
v 1 u
u
v
(2)
r
r
r
r
v
u
Also, f z e i i
r
r
v
1 v i u i i u
u v
f z e i
e i e i i
r r r

8.
XOR
Buffer
A
E-NOR
A
1
Inventor
1
th
At the end of 24 gate output = output 0 + buffer =A= 0
9.
Here if t ;
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y x 0
present value
Non causal
future value
Also x1 sin t
x1 sin t y1
x 2 sin t
x 2 sin t y 2
x1 sin t x 2 sin t
y3
y3 x1 sin t x 2 sin t y1 y 2
linear system.
10.
1. There is no coupling capacitor (CC), source capacitance are not there, Hence there is noattenuation at low-preference.
2.
A mid
f
1
fH
Here A mid g m R C ( R C is variable here)

So, Amid is not constant.
3. At higher frequencies, due to internal capacitance, gain was decreased.
11.
f x, y dx dy 1 C 210
x,y
P x y 4
1
210
4 42
2x y dx dy 2 35
2
V 10
2.5V cm
L 4
& Vd n E
V
n d
E
2 104
n
2.5
n 8000cm 2 V S
12.
Since, E
13.
Check for magnitude & phase for = 0 & =
14.
It represents trans-conductance amplifier.
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R4 R2
R 3 R1
Here R 4 2R,
R 3 2R,
R 2 R,
R1 R
VI
2R
From Negative resistance circuit
So, I L
2R
VI
Load
2R
R0
R 0 2R || 2R
R
R
V0
2R
2R
VI
R 0 Load
2R
15.
H1 (s)
2
10
, So, its time constant 1 5

s 0.2 1 5s
H 2 (s)
5
10
, Its time constant 2 2.

s 0.5 1 2s
H 3 (s)
10
10
; its time cons tan t 3 1

s 1 1 s
1 2 3
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and we know time constant is more means the system takes more amount of time to reach
steady state.
Curve Z is slowest corresponds to H1 (s)
X is fastest correspond to H 3 (s)
Y is moderate.
16.
fsi fs 2IF 1910kHz
fsi f s
1.386
f s fsi
IRR 1 Q 2 p 2 110.88
18.
Whatever be the current, the voltage across the resistor is constant.

So power =
V2
42
=
= 8W
R
2
df
dt
19.
E
3
df
dt
dt
3
3
df

dt
E2
E1
9
E tt E1 E 2 2 3 9 54J.
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20.
x t u 1 t ; t 0
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xt
u 1 t ; t 0
F.T
width
Area Sa .
;
2
width 2
2
x w 1 2 sa . 2sa
2
sin
xw 2
21.
By Eulers method, we have

4x
yn 1 y n hf (x n , y n ); there f (x, y) 2cos
4 &x 0 0, y0 1, h 0.25
3
y1 y 0 hf (x 0 , y 0 )
4(0)
y1 1 0.25 2 cos
1 1 0.25(1) 1.25
3
y 2 y1 hf (x1 , y1 )
4(0.25)
y 2 1.25 0.25 2cos
1.25 1.25 0.25[0.25] 1.1875
3
23.
For Nd>>ni we can assume n N d .

Now, n n i e
E F E i kT
n
E F E i kT log e
ni
2 1017
0.0259log e
10
1.5 10
E F Fi 0.424eV
The resulting band diagram is
EC
EF
0.424eV
Ei
EV
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24.
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x n
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Period 4
3
2
x n C k .e jk0 n ; 0
;
4 2
k 0
1 3
C k x n e jk0 n
4 n 0
1
k 0;c0 ;
4
1
k 1;c1 ;
4
1
k 2;c2
4
1
k 3;c3 ;
4
1
c k ; K;
4
25.
End address Start Address

B9FF AA00
0FFFH
For last byte all address lines are 1.

No. of Address lines = 12
Memory size 212 8 bit 4k 8bits
26.
along ab
y 0, dl dl u x
b
F.dl 0, F.dl 0
a
Along bc
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x 2, dl dy u y
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3 2
F.dl y 2 dy, F.dl y 2 dy

0
y
3
8
3
Along cd
y 2, dl dx u x
F.dl 4x 2 dx
a
4x 3
32
F.dl
4x
dx
b
2
3 0
3
2
Along da
x 0, dl dyu y
F.dl y 2 dy
a
2
F.dl y dy
b
So
8 32 8
10.6
3 3 3
A
27.
109
dr 9ln 2 6.238V
2(20 r)
B
VAB E.dl
B
28.
y3
8
3
3
ICD
I1 I2 I'0 I'3
4 :1
y AB x
A B x
x
x
MUX
y AB X
y ABCD
29.
dy
d
put y =x
x
dx
dx
A B
+x
d
2
2
2 2
x
1 2
dx x x + x + x
dx
d
1
dx
1 2
d =
(variable - seperable)
2
dx
1
x
y
By integrating Tan -1 = log x + c Tan -1 = lnx+c
x
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31.
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f 4 m 3,8,9
f 5 m 0, 2, 4,5,6,11,12,13,14,15
f m 0, 2,3, 4,5,6,8,9,11,12,13,14,15
a i 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 102
32.
The given circuit is a triangular wave oscillator using two OP Amps.

The frequency of oscillation is given as
Fr
1
4R1C
R2
1
33K
R 3 4 10k 0.01F 10K
Fr 8.25kHz
To make f 20kHz
R1
33.
1
4fC
R2
1
R
4
20K
0.01f
3
33K
4.125k
10K
x1[n] = x[n] + 4x(n-3)

y1[n] = y[n]+4y[n-3] [LTI system property]
y1 0 y 0 4y 3 0.5
y1 1 y 1 4y 2 0.5
y1 2 y 2 4y 1 0.5
y1 3 y 3 4y 0 0 4. 0.5
y1 4 y 4 4y 1 0 4 0.5
y1 5 y 5 4y 2 0 4. 0.5
y1 6 y 6 4y 3 0
34.
0.5 n
n 0,1, 2
n
32 0.5
n 3,4,5
y1 n
0
elsewhere
Since the network is in T it is better to find z-parameter first. Then y=z-1

At input port (KVL) V1 I1 0.5V2 I1 I 2
V1 0.5V2 2I1 I 2
..(1)
At output port (KVL) V2 I2 0.5V2 I1 I 2

0.5V2 I1 2I 2
V2 2I1 4I 2
..(2)
Substitute (2)in (1)
10
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V1 0.5(2I1 4I1 ) 2I1 I2
I1
I1 2I2 2I1 I2
3I1 3I2
...(3)
I2
0 .5 V 2
V1
From (2)and (3)
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3 3
z
2 4
2
1 4 3 3
y z 1
6 2 3 1
3
1
2
1
2
35.
x1 = -x1 + u1
y = x1 +x 2
.
x 2 = -2x 2 + u 2
x
y = 1 1 1
x2
.
x1 1 0 x1 u1
. 0 2 x 2 u 2
x 2
System is observable
CT : A T CT
36.
1 -1
1 -2
Driving point admittance
37.
1
1
2s
5s
10
10 100s 2 5s 100s 2 5s 10
50s
50s
Fundamental period of S(t) is 2 units.

t
t
period of S 6, period of S 10
3
5
Period of y(t) LCM(6, 10) 30
38.
Total number of rules is 8 as shown below

Rule 1:
y p q r
x 0 0 0
Pc 0.5 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.9

0.9
Pe 0.1
Pc Probability of correct reception

11
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Pe Probability of error
Rule 2:
Rule 3:
Rule 4:
Rule 5:
Rule 6:
Rule 7:
Rule 8:
y p q r
x 0 0 1
Pc 0.5 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.5 0.1
y p q r
x 0 1 0
Pc 0.5 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.9
y p q r
x 0 1 1
Pc 0.5 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.1
y p q r
x 1 0 0
Pc 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.9
y p q r
x 1 0 1
Pc 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.5 0.1
y p q r
x 1 1 0
Pc 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.9
y p q r
x 1 1 1
Pc 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1
0.86
Pe 0.14
0.57
Pe 0.43
0.53
Pe 0.47
0.47
Pe 0.53
0.43
Pe 0.57
0.14
Pe 0.86
0.1
Pe 0.9
Optimum receiver is one where probability of error is minimum

Thus Rule 1 is decision rule for optimum receiver.
39.
The voltage at node 1 will be

V1
15 1
5V
2 1
12
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For, Vi 5.7V, v o Vi
V1 15 V1 VO Vi
0
2k
1K
1K
V1 15 2V1 2VO 2Vi 0
3V1 2VO 2Vi 15
(1)
And V0 V1 0.7
.(2)
Solving Equation (1) & (2)

5V0 2Vi 15 2.1 17.9
So, v o 0.4Vi 3.42
40.
a11 a12
Consider the matrix A of order two be A =
a 21 a 22
If is the Eigen value of A then there exists a non-zero vector X such that A X = X .
a11 a12
We can write
a 21 a 22
1
1
1 1 1

a 21 a 22 1 1
a11 a12 1
1
6
a
4
21 a 22 4
a 21 4a 22 24 (2)
Solving (1) & (2); we get a 22 5 & a 21 4
The element a21 is 4
41.
since x1[n] is of length 4

x2 [n] is of length 5
we need to pad one zero in x1[n]
x1 n 1, 2,3, 4,0
Now let us perform linear convolution
1 2 3 4 0
2 2 4 6 8 0
1 1 2 3 4 0
2 2 4 6 8 0
1 1 2 3 4 0
2 2 4 6 8 0
y n 2,5,10,16,14,15,10,8,0
fiveelement
Take next 4 elements and add them with four elements.
y ' n 17,15,18,16,14
13
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42.
div r 1 1 1 3
By Gauss divergence theorem,
r.Nds
43.
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divrdV 3dV 3V
v
When one diode is connected the current across it is

i IS e V1 VT ..(1)
With two diodes the current will divide into two parts.
Now, current will flow i/2 instead of i
So, i 2 Is eV2 VT (2)
Divide (2) by (1)
i2
e V2 V1 VT
i
V2 V1 V
so, V VT ln 2 V 26 103 ln 2 V 18.02 mV
44.
The total energy associated in a system equal to

1 n
We W1 W2 W3 W4 Qi Vi
2 i 1
2We Q1V1 Q 2 V2 Q3 V3 Q 4 V4
Because of symmetry of the system
2We 4Q1V1
Q3
Q2
Q4
3 109
1
11
72.98 V
4 0 r12 4 0 r13 40 r14
4 0
2
We 2Q1V1 2 3 109 72.98 437.9 nJ
V1
N N
Vbj VT ln a 2 d
ni
5.
5 1015 5 1016
Vbj 26 103 ln
0.72V
20
2.25 10
2 V N
1
X n s bi a
e N d N a N d
s 11.7 0
12
12
2 11.7 8.85 1014 0.72 5 1015
1
Xn
16
15
16
1.6 1019
5 10 5 10 5 10
X n 4.11 106 cm
46.
With the charge in a line,
14
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L dl
40 109 108
, L
C/m
40 R
2(2)
(108 / )(2)d
4(10
0
/ 36) 29
From fig, R 29m,dl (2m)d
48.
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R
2
66.85V
When poles are on real axis no damping we have to calculate k at break away period
Break away point
dk
0
ds
x s s 2 s 4
dk d 3
s 6s 2 8
ds ds
3s 2 128 8 0
12 144 96 12 48
6
6
s 0.845, 3.63
s
s 0.845 is on root focus gain at this points
Gain at this point

k
1 K 3.1
0.845 0.845 2 0.845 3
On imaginary axis
Characteristic equation s3 6s 2 8s K 0 48 K
So root locus leaves real a B when k = 3.1 and move forwards imaginary axis till k < 48
stable, at k =48 marginally stable at when K > 48 unstable.
49.
A B C TA B D B C SC B R C B A B C
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
15
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The sequence at the output C for the next seven clock pulses is 1100110.
50.
Among 99users, there are

12 complete group of 8users and 1 complete group of 3users
Each group requires a bandwidth of 200 kHz.
Thus total bandwidth required is
12 1 200 2600 kHz

51.
x t .x t 1
2B
x t 2
B 2
x 3t
3B
Addition of above signal will have bandwidth of 3B

Thus sampling rate needed is 6B.
52.
53.
Potential difference across the depletion width is calculated by area under the electric
1
AW
field so it is given by A .W
2
2
so for unit step ess 0
Type of system: 2
so for unit ramp ess 0
s 2 10 s 2
t2
10 2
for
k a Lt 2
2
t
0
2
s s 1 s 10
10
ess
54.
1
0.5
ka
for
t2
ess 0.5
2
So,
t2
ess 20 0.5 10
2
From given figure

G s
As B 5
s 1 s 4
The root locus passes through point 4 2i, it must satisfy angle condition.
16
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A 4 2 j B
3 2 j 2 j
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180o
2A
1
0
Tan 1
90 180 Tan 2 3 180
B
4A
2A
1
o
Tan 1
Tan 2 3 90
B 4A
2 2A
1 .
0
3 B 4A
4A
3
B 4A
3B 12A 4A
16A 3B
B 16
A 3
So, zero is S
B
5.333
A
55.
1
j
xt
A .e .e jt d
2
0
1
1
A 0 e j 2 .e jt d
2 2 B
2
2 B
A .e
j 2 jt
A 0 2 B j t 2
A 0 2 B j t 2
e
d
e
d
2 0
2 0
A0
2 B
e d
cos t 2 d
0
A 0
2 B
sin t d
0
A0
cos 2 Bt 1 .
t
17

Ece Gate Paper 26 Answers

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Ece Gate Paper 26 Answers

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ECTest ID: 161276

Answer Keys:General Aptitude

Electronics and Communication Engineering

If we let the original probability be x, we get:

ECTest ID: 161276

Therefore required number 9217 88 65 9217 23 9240

ECTest ID: 161276

But less than 0.5

The Cauchy-Riemann equations in polar-from are

At the end of 24 gate output = output 0 + buffer =A= 0

ECTest ID: 161276

Here A mid g m R C ( R C is variable here)

Check for magnitude & phase for = 0 & =

It represents trans-conductance amplifier.

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, So, its time constant 1 5

, Its time constant 2 2.

; its time cons tan t 3 1

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fsi fs 2IF 1910kHz

Whatever be the current, the voltage across the resistor is constant.

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By Eulers method, we have

For Nd>>ni we can assume n N d .

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End address Start Address

For last byte all address lines are 1.

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F.dl y 2 dy, F.dl y 2 dy

ECTest ID: 161276

The given circuit is a triangular wave oscillator using two OP Amps.

R 3 4 10k 0.01F 10K

x1[n] = x[n] + 4x(n-3)

Since the network is in T it is better to find z-parameter first. Then y=z-1

At output port (KVL) V2 I2 0.5V2 I1 I 2

Substitute (2)in (1)

ECTest ID: 161276

V1 0.5(2I1 4I1 ) 2I1 I2

From (2)and (3)

Driving point admittance

Fundamental period of S(t) is 2 units.

Total number of rules is 8 as shown below

Pc 0.5 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.9

Pc Probability of correct reception

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Pc 0.5 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.5 0.1

Pc 0.5 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.9

Pc 0.5 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.1

Pc 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.9

Pc 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.9 0.5 0.1

Pc 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.9

Pc 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1

Optimum receiver is one where probability of error is minimum

The voltage at node 1 will be

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Solving Equation (1) & (2)

since x1[n] is of length 4

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When one diode is connected the current across it is

The total energy associated in a system equal to

2 11.7 8.85 1014 0.72 5 1015

With the charge in a line,

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