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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The Researcher would like to thank all the people who helped and supported
while writing this research paper.
Firstly, the Researcher would like to thank God for all the blessings He had given
me, The Researcher praise and love Him giving his family strength to support his
studies.
Lastly, the Researcher would like to thank his parents who taught him and gave
him knowledge to understand an everyday life. Also, to his teachers who continued to
give him full understanding in every subject they teaches him.

Approval Sheet

This research entitled Bataan Death March is hereby submitted to Ms. Kris
Kay H. Albo for partial fulfillment of the requirements in English III

This research is hereby approved and accepted with the rating of ___%

_________________
Ms. Kris Kay H.Albo
Teacher, English

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Acknowledgement .

Approval Sheet ..

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Table of Contents .

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Chapter I : The Problem and Its Background


A. Introduction .
Thesis Statement
B. State of the Problem..
C. Significance of the Study.
D. Definition of Terms

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Chapter II : Review of the Related Literature


I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.

The Bataan Death March


vii
The Scenario at the Bataan Death March
vii
The Death Toll and Survivors of the Death March
viii
The Life of the Prisoners during Japanese Occupation in the Philippines ix
The Aftermath of the Bataan Death March
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Chapter III : Conclusion and Recommendation


A. Conclusion
B. Recommendation

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Bibliography

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Preliminary Outline

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Chapter I
The Problem and Its Background

A. Introduction
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In the time of World War 2, occupation of Japanese in the Philippines many


things happen like massacring prisoner of wars, girls, and even childrens.
One of the notable events in occupation of Japanese in the Philippines was the
Martsa ng Kamatayan sa Bataan or Bataan Death March, this research paper
will give you idea, what happen in the Bataan Death March during the Japanese
Occupation of the Philippines.

B. Statement of the Problem


This research entitled Bataan Death March : The Struggle will tackle the
following questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

What is Bataan Death March?


When did the Bataan Death March started?
How long and far did they march?
How many have died and is there any survivors?
What happen to the POWs while marching?

C. Significance of the Study


This research about Bataan Death March : The Struggle was chosen for the
following reason:
This research will benefit the readers and the researcher on the part of the reader, it is
knowledge to the reader about what happen in Bataan Death March and it will give idea
to the readers how the people live in the time of World War 2, this will become an
inspiration to the readers to value their lives as they live now in peace. The researcher,
it gives a reminder of the Philippine History, this will give inspiration to the people to live
on how matter they are in a challenge of life, because our ancenstors struggle to free
our country.
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D. Definition of Terms
1. Death March - Is a forced march of prisoners of war or other captives or
deportees with the intent to kill, brutalize, weaken and/or demoralize as
many of the captives as possible along the way.
2. Prisoner of War A person who has been captured and imprisoned by the
enemy in war.
3. Guerilla Fighters Soldiers that escaped or who hide away from the
Japanese during the Japanese Occupation of the Philippines. A small
group of soldiers who is specialized in military tactics like ambushes.
4. Torture The action or practice of inflicting severe pain on someone as a
punishment or to force them to do.
5. Camp ODonnell The camp where the Japanese took their POWs.
6. World War A war involving many large nations all over the world.
7. Allied Power A major alliance of countries consisting US, United
Kingdom, France and Russia against the Axis Power of Germany
8. Peninsula A piece of land that almost surrounded by water.
9. Surrender Cease resistance to an enemy or opponent.
10. Water Buffalo The carabao; The national animal of the Philippines.

Chapter II
Review of Related Literature

I.

The Bataan Death March


According to Jennifer Rosenberg, a 20th Century History Expert, The
Bataan Death March was the forced march of American and Filipino Prisoner of
War by the Japanese during World War II, Japanese Occupation in the
Philippines.
In other sources, based from the Encyclopedia Britannica Website, Bataan
Death March is forced march of Allied soldiers that is stationed in the island of
the Philippines who got captured by the Japanese Forces in the early stages of
World War II in the Philippines.
Lastly, based on an article in about education website, Bataan Death
March started after the surrender of Allied sodliers in Bataan Peninsula, they
started to march in Mariveles, Bataan in April 9, 1942.

II.

The Scenario at the Bataan Death March


Based on Wikipedia Encyclopedia, prisoner were stripped of their

weapons and valuables and told to march to Balanga, Bataan. Some of the POWs
were beaten, mistreated and bayoneted to death and in the first day of the march on

their way to Camp O Donnell in Capas, Tarlac, allegedly the Japanese soldiers
executed 300+ soldiers near the Pantingan river.
It was added by Tom Lansford, a professor in University of Southern
Mississipi and author of the book World War II in Pacific : An Encyclopedia, that the
POWs receive only a little amount of food and water and some died along the way from
heat, dehydration, and hunger. Some POWs just drank water from filthy water buffalo
wallows on the side of the roads, but if without permission from the Japanese, mostly
the prisoners got shot or killed by the Japanese if they tried to drink from the wallows.

III.

The Death Toll and Survivors of the Death March


According to Michael Norman, author of the book named Tears in the
Darkness : The Story of the Bataan Death March. The nine day trek to Capas,
Tarlac has claimed 1000+ prisoner lives before they reach the Camp O Donnell
in Capas, Tarlac.
In addition, Glenn Frazier and Lester Lenny, the survivors of the Bataan
Death March said that if they had known what was ahead of them at the
beginning of the Death March they would just fight to the death than to surrender
to the Japanese.
Lastly, the notable survivors of the Bataan Death March were Vicente
Lim (The First Filipino graduate from the USA West Point Academy), Ramon
Bagatsing (Mayor of Manila), Jose Calugas (A Filipino reciepient of Medal of
Honor), Jose B. Lingad (Governor of Pampanga).

IV.

The Life of the Prisoners during Japanese Occupation in


Philippines
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According to the film, I have watch, The Great Raid a film by John
Dahl, most of the prisoners was not treated humanely. The Japanese soldiers
burn the prisoners even bury alive too and they barely got food, medecines and
water, and alot of people is dying because of the poor sanitation in the Prisoner
Camp.
In addition, mostly the Japanese just dug out mass graves in the
surrounding area of the camp for the prisoners who have died. The prisoners
were forced to do hard labors too without resting, but reportedly too that many
prisoners have escaped the camp but some are unlucky that get caught by the
Japanese and were executed.

V.

The Aftermath of the Bataan Death March


According to an article in history channel website about Bataan Death
March, America avenged its defeat in the Philippines and the inhuman treatment
of the Japanese on the prisoners. In October 1944 General Douglas MacArthur
landed on Leyte Gulf for the campaign to recapture the Philippines, General
MacArthur who in 1942 had famously promised to return to the Philippines made
good on his word. In February 1945, US-Filipino forces have recaptured the
Bataan Peninsula and freed the prisoners of Bataan Death March and in early
March, 1945, The City of Manila had been recovered by the US-Filipino forces
this marked the end of the Japanese occupation in the Philippines.

Chapter III
Conclusion and Recommendation

Conclusion
In conclusion, the life during the the Japanese Occupation of the Philippine
Islands, were really hard, according to the veterans and survivors of the World War II in
the Philippines, that they suffered greatly just because to survive and fight for their
country and to see their family again, and to the soldiers now fighting in other land this
story will serve as an inspiration to them to survive.

Recommendation
I recommend this research about Bataan Death March to those who are
interested in History of the Philippines on World War II in Pacific, this was one of the
bloodiest war crime of the Japanese soldiers in the pacific. The readers and students
should read more of history, so they will know about the history of their country and
about the world.

Bibliography
The Great Raid, John Dahl, Miramax Films, 2005
Jennifer Rosenberg, (August, 2007), The Bataan Death March, About Education
(Online), optout@about.com
http://www.en.wikipedia.org, Bataan Death March, February 22, 2015.
Lansford, Tom. World War II in the Pacific: An Encyclopedia New York, NY: Garland
Publishing Incorporated, 2001

http://www.history.com Bataan Death March, April 2007


San Pedro, Restituta and Erlinda F. Andal. Ang Bayan Ko : Binagong Edisyon Metro
Manila, Quezon City: Abiva Publishing House Incorporated, 1998
Norman, Michael. Tears in the Darkness : The Story of the Bataan Death March New
York, NY; Macmillan, 2009
http://www.britannica.com Bataan Death March, October 15, 2014.

Preliminary Outline
Bataan Death March

I.
II.

The Bataan Death March


A. Date and Place of the Death March
The Scenario of the Death March
A. The first day of the March

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III.
IV.

V.

B. The second day until the arrival of POWs in the camp


The Survivors of the Death March
A. Renown Survivors
The Life of Prisoners of War during Japanese Occupation of the
Philippines
A. War Crimes of the Japanese
The Aftermath of the Bataan Death March
A. General MacArthurs Leyte Landing

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