Mathematics IIB Circle

MATHEMATICS IIB CIRCLE
1.
2 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + (11) = 0
Find the equation of the circle passing through

points (3, 4), (3, 2), and (1, 4)
Sol: Let A (3, 4), B (3, 2), and C (1, 4)
+ + =
2.
Show that the points (1, 1), (-6, 0), (-2, 2) and (-2, 8) are concyclic.
Let the required eqn of the circle be

+ + + + =
Sol: Let A (1, 1), B (-6, 0), C (-2, 2) and D (-2, -8)
A (3, 4) lies on S=0,
(3)2 + (4)2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + = 0
+ + + + =
9 + 16 + 6 + 8 + = 0
A (1, 1) lies on S=0,
+ + + = . ()
(1)2 + (1)2 + 2 1 + 2 1 + = 0
B (3, 2) lies on S=0,
1 + 1 + 2 + 2 + = 0
(3)2 + (2)2 + 2 3 + 2 2 + = 0
+ + + = . ()
9 + 4 + 6 + 4 + = 0
B (-6, 0) lies on S=0,
+ + + =
(6)2 + (0)2 + 2 6 + 2 0 + = 0
C (1, 4) lies on S=0,
36 + 0 12 + 0 + = 0
(1)2 + (4)2 + 2 1 + 2 4 + = 0
+ + + =
1 + 16 + 8 + 0 + = 0
C (-2, 2) lies on S=0,
+ + + = . . ()
(2)2 + (2)2 + 2 2 + 2 4 + = 0
Solving eqn (1) & (2)
4 + 4 4 + 4 + = 0
6 + 8 + + 25 = 0
+ + + = . . ()
6 + 4 + + 13 = 0
0 + 4 + 12 = 0 { 4}
2 + 2 + + 2 = 0
+ + = . ()
12 + 0 + + 36 = 0
14 + 2 34 = 0
6 + 4 + + 13 = 0
+ = . ()
2 + 8 + + 17 = 0
4 4 4 = 0 { 4}
12 + 0 + + 36 = 0
= . ()
4 + 4 + + 8 = 0
Solving eqn (4) &
8 4 + 28 = 0
(5)
{ 2}
{ 4}
+ = . ()
-1
-1
Solving eqn
(g, f)=
1+3 3+0
01
01
1 1
= (2, 3)
Sub g and f values in eqn (1)
(4 ) &
(5)
-17
-7
(g, f)=
7+17 34+49
72
72
10 15
5
= (2, 3)
6(2) + 8(3) + + 25 = 0
12 24 + 25 + = 0 = 11
2(2) + 2(3) + + 2 = 0
, = 0
4 + 6 + 2 + = 0 = 12

, = 0
2 + 2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + (12) = 0
0 + 2 + + 1 = 0
8 + 10 + + 41 = 0
+ + + =
Since D (-2, -8) also lies on S=0
8 8 40 = 0
{ 8}
+ + = . ()
(2)2 + (8)2 + 4(2) + 6(8) 12

=4 + 64 8 48 12
= 68 68 = 0
.
3.
Solving eqn
(4) & (5)
-2
If (2, 0), (0, 1), (4, 5) and (0, c) are concyclic, and
then find the value of c.
103 320
+ + + + =
4(
(2)2 + (0)2 + 2 2 + 2 0 + = 0
4 + 0 + 4 + 0 + = 0
4+2
13
6
26
3
17
(g, f)=
A (2, 0) lies on S=0,
13
Sol: Let A (2, 0), B (0, 1), C (4, 5) and D (0, c)
4+2
)++4= 0
4=
2612
14
3
, = 0
2 + 2 + 2
+ + + = . ()
13
2 + 2
13
+2
17
17
14
+( )=0
6
14
3
=0
B (0, 1) lies on S=0,

(0)2 + (1)2 + 2 0 + 2 1 + = 0
Since D (0, c) also lies on S=0
0 + 1 + 0 + 2 + = 0
(0)2 + (c)2
+ + + =
17
3
13
3
14
3
(0)
17
3
=0
3c 2 17c + 14 = 0
C (4, 5) lies on S=0,
(4)2 + (5)2 + 2 4 + 2 5 + = 0
16 + 25 + 8 + 10 + = 0
+ + + = . . ()
3c 2 3c 14c + 14 = 0
3c[c 1] 14[c 1] = 0
1 3 14 = 0
1 = 0 3 14 = 0
= 1 =

4 + 0 + + 4 = 0
0 + 2 + + 1 = 0
4 2 + 3 = 0
+ = . ()
14
3
() +
14
3
=0

4.
Find the equation of the circle whose centre lies on

X-axis and passing through
(-2, 3), (4, 5)
5.
Find the equation of the circle passing through

points (4, 1), (6, 5)and whose centre lies on the
line + = .
Sol: Let A (-2, 3), B (4, 5)
Sol: Let A (4, 1), B (6, 5)
+ + + + =
+ + + + =
A (-2, 3) lies on S=0,
A (4, 1) lies on S=0,
(2)2 + (3)2 + 2 2 + 2 3 + = 0
(4)2 + (1)2 + 2 4 + 2 1 + = 0
4 + 9 4 + 6 + = 0
16 + 1 + 8 + 2 + = 0
+ + + = . ()
+ + + = . ()
B (4, 5) lies on S=0,
B (6, 5) lies on S=0,
(4)2 + (5)2 + 2 4 + 2 5 + = 0
(6)2 + (5)2 + 2 6 + 2 5 + = 0
16 + 25 + 8 + 10 + = 0
36 + 25 + 12 + 10 + = 0
+ + + =
+ + + =
Solving eqn 1 & 2
Solving eqn 1 & 2
4 + 6 + + 13 = 0
8 + 2 + + 17 = 0
8 + 10 + + 41 = 0
12 + 10 + + 61 = 0
12 4 28 = 0 { 4}
4 8 44 = 0 { 4}
+ + = . ()
+ + = . ()
, 4 + 3 24 = 0
(, )
4 + 3 24 = 0
. . , =
+ + = ()
= 0 (3)
Solving eqn 3 & 4
3 + 0 + 7 = 0
11
3 = 7
24
(g, f)=

3
+ 13 + = 0 =
2839
3
67
7
3
15
5
20
5
8(3) + 2(4) + + 17 = 0
24 8 + 17 + = 0 = 15
67
+2 0 +( )=0
( + ) =
38
, = 0
2 + 2 + 2
(1)
4( ) + 6(0) + + 13 = 0
28
38
= (3, 4)
4833 4424
, = 0
2 + 2 + 2 3 + 2 4 + (15) = 0
+ + = .

7.
Show that the circles + + =
, + + + = touch each other.
Find the point of contact and eqn of tangent at
point of contact.
6.
Sol: eqn s of the given circles

x2
+ y2
Show that the circles

+ = , + + +
+ = touch each other. Find the point of
contact and eqn of tangent at point of contact.

S x 2 + y 2 4x 6y 12 = 0 . . (1)
6x 2y + 1 = 0 . . (1)
S x 2 + y 2 + 6x + 18y + 26 = 0 . . (2)
S x 2 + y 2 + 2x 8y + 13 = 0 . . (2)
, : C1 3, 1 ,
, : C1 2, 3 ,
=
+
=
1 =
32
+ 12
2 =
12
42
1=
1 = 22 + 32 + 12 = 4 + 9 + 12 = 5
=3
2 = 32 + 92 26 = 9 + 81 26 = 64 = 8
13 = 17 13 = 4 = 2
(2 1 )2 + (2 1 )2
1 2 =
=
32
1 3
+ 41
1 2 =
=
1 2 Internally in the
ratio 1 : 2 = 3: 2 = :
2 + 1 2 +1
3+6 12+2
x2
3+2
(5)2 + (12)2 = 25 + 144 = 169=13
.
1 2 Internally in the
ratio 1 : 2 = 5: 8 = :
3+2
P=
2 + 1 2 +1
5 3 +8(2) 5 9 +8(3)
5+8
5+8
3 14
5
y2
6x 2y + 1 = 0
y2
+ 2x 8y + 13 = 0
+ 93
3 1 +2(3) 3 4 +2(1)
= 0
x2
1 2 = 1 + 2
3 2
1 2 = 1 + 2
P=
(2 1 )2 + (2 1 )2
(4)2 + (3)2 = 25 =5
C2 3, 9
C2 1, 4
-8x+6y -12=0 { 2}
4 3 + 6 = 0.
15+16 45+24
13
1
13
21
13
= 0
x 2 + y 2 4x 6y 12 = 0
x 2 + y 2 + 6x + 18y + 26 = 0
-10x-246y -38=0 { 2}
5 + 12 + 19 = 0.

8.
Find the transverse common tangents of the circles
4 18 = 3 + 3
+ + = , + +
+ = .
3 + 4 21 = 0.
3 + 4 21 = 0 1 = 0.
S x 2 + y 2 4x 10y + 28 = 0 . . (1)
9.
x2
y2
Find the direct common tangents of the circles

+ + = , +
+ + = .
+ 4x 6y + 4 = 0 . . (2)
, : C1 2, 5 ,
C2 2, 3
S x 2 + y 2 + 22x 4y 100 = 0 . . (1)
1 = 22 + 52 28 = 4 + 25 28 = 1
S x 2 + y 2 22x + 4y + 100 = 0 . . (2)
, : C1 11, 2 , C2 11, 2
2 = 22 + 32 4 = 4 + 9 4 = 9 = 3
2 2
+ 35
= 225 = 15
= 25 = 5
. .
1 2
Internally in the ratio 1 : 2 = 1: 3 = :
2 + 1 2 +1
2+6 3+15
112 + 42 100 = 121 + 4 100
2 =
1 2 > 1 + 2
P=
112 + 22 + 100 = 121 + 4 + 100
1 =
(4)2 + (2)2 = 16 + 4 = 20
4 18
4
(2 1 )2 + (2 1 )2
1 2 =
=
1 2 +3(2) 1 3 +3(5)
1+3
(2 1 )2 + (2 1 )2
1 2 =
1+3
11 + 11
(22)2 + (4)2 = 484 + 16 = 500
= (1, )
1 2 > 1 + 2
. .
9
Eqn of tangent is 1 = ( 1 ) (1, )

2
= 1
2 9
2
1 +1 +
2 1
4 2 +4
=1
And
1
0
9
2
44 8
2
31
31
= (22, 4)
2 1 = 2
=
1 1=0
=
3
4
1 +1 +
2 + 2
11 1 2 22 4
( )2 +(1)2
3 11 1(11) 3 2 1(2)
22 4 = 0 (1)
=
S.O.B.S
3 = 4 =
+ 4 = 22 + 4 = 22
=1
42 + 1 4 = 42 + 4
33+11 62
(2 1)2 = 42 + 4
Eqn of tangent is 1 = ( 1 ) (22, 4)
2 + 2
2 (2)2(5)2 +9
2 + 1 2 +1
P=
1 1 = 1
(2 )2 +(2)2
1 2
Internally in the ratio 1 : 2 = 15: 3 = 3: 1:
= 1
2 2 2 + 9 = 0 (1)
=
+ 2 2
11 2
2 +1
=5
=5
S.O.B.S
(11 + 2)2 = 25(2 + 1)

1212 + 4 + 44 = 252 + 25

962 + 44 21 = 0
11. If , are the angles of inclination of tangents

through a point p to the circle x2+y2=r2, then find
locus of p when cot + =k.
962 + 72 28 21 = 0
24 4 + 3 7(4 + 3) = 0
24 7 4 + 3 = 0
24 7 = 0 4 + 3 = 0
7
24
, =
3
4

+4 =
7
24
22 24 + 96 = 7 156
7 24 250 = 0.
And
+4 =
3
4
22 4 + 16 = 3 + 66
3 + 24 50 = 0.
Sol: given equation of the circle x2+y2=r2.

(1)
: Let P(x1, y1) be the any point on the locus
Equation of tangent through p with slope m is
Y= 1 + 2
This passes through P(x1, y1)
1 =1 1 + 2
1 -1 = 1 + 2
S.O.B
(1 1 )2 = ( 1 + 2 )2
1 2 + 2 1 2 21 1 = 2 (1 + 2 )
1 2 + 2 1 2 21 1 = 2 + 2 2 )
2 1 2 2 21 1 + 1 2 2 = 0
Where m1, m2 be the slopes of the tangents
which make angles 1 , 2
m1=tan1 , m2=tan2
Given cot1 + cot 2 =k.
3 + 24 50 = 0 7 24 250 = 0.
1 2
1
1
1 2
2 1
1 2
1 + 2 = 1 2
10. Find the equation of the circles which touch

2x-3y+1=0 at (1, 1) and having radius .
Sol: given two circles touch the line
2 3 + 1 = 0 (1)
(1, 1)
= 13
The centres
1 , 2
1 1 , 1 = (1, 1)
2
3
3
Slope of (1) = - ( ) =
Slope of line 1 2 =
3
= =
=
3
13
2
13
The centres 1 , 2
= 1 , = 1
= 1 13
2
13
, 1 13
3
13
= {1(2), 1 3}
= (1-2, 1+3) and (1+2, 1-3)
= (-1, 4) and (3, -2)
Eqn of the circle with 1 1, 4
= 13
2
( + 1)2 +( 4)2 = 13
x 2 + y 2 + 2x 8y + 4 = 0
Eqn of the circle with 2 3, 2
= 13
( 3)2 + ( + 2)2 = 13
x 2 + y 2 6x + 4y = 0.
2 1 1
1 2 2
1 2 2
1 2 2
(1 2 2 )
21 1 =
The equation of locus of P(x1, y1) is
2 = ( 2 2 )
12. Show that the poles of tangents to the circle

x2+y2=r2 w.r.to the circle (x + a) 2+y2=2a2 lie on
y2+4ax=0.
Sol: Let P(x1, y1) be the pole of tangents of the
circle x2+y2=r2 w. r. to the circle S(x + a)
2+y2=2a2
x 2+y2 +2ax-a2=0
Now the polar of p w.r.t to S=0 is S1=0
xx1+yy1+a(x+x1) - a2=0
x(x1+a) +yy1+ (ax1- a2) =0.. (1)
1 + + = 0,
= 1 + , = 1 , = 1 a2
+ + = 0
2 + 2 = 2 2 = 2 ( 2 + 2 )
(1 2 )2 = 2 {(1 + )2 + 1 2 }
2
{ 1 2 = 2 {(1 + )2 + 1 2 }
1 2 + (1 + )2 (1 )2 = 0 1 2 +
41 = 0
the equation of locus of P(x1, y1) is y2+4ax=0

13. If the chord of contact of a point P with respect to
the circle x2+y2=a2 cut the circle at A and B such

that AOB =900 then show that P lies on the circle
x2+y2=2a2.
Sol: Given circle x2+y2=a2... (1)
Let p(x1, y1) be a point and let the chord of
contact of it cut the circle in A and B such that
AOB=900. The equation of the chord of contact
of p(x1, y1) with respect to (1) sis xx1+yy1a2=0.. (2)
The equation to the pair of lines OA and OB is
given by x2+y2-a2
1 + 1 2
2
=0
Or 2 x 2 + y 2 1 + 1 2 = 0
2 2 1 2 21 1 + 2 2 1 2 = 0
(3)
Since AOB=900, we have the coefficient of
2 3 + 2 3 = 0
2 1 2 + 2 1 2 = 0
1 2 + 1 2 = 22
Hence the point p(x1, y1) lies on the circle
x2+y2=2a2.
14. Prove that the combined equation of the pair of

tangents drawn from an external point p ( , )
to the circle S=0 is = .
Sol: given that p (x1 , y1 ) is an external point on
S=0 let AB be the chord of contact of P to the
circle S=0 and its equation is 1 = 0
Let Q (x2 , y2 ) be any point on the locus
i.e. , be a point on the pair of tangents
the ratio that the line AB divides PQ can be
determined in 2ways :
(1) PB:QB is equal to 11 : 22 .(1)
(2) The line
1 =
0
11
Points p (x1 , y1 ), Q (x2 , y2 ) in the ratio-
12
(2)
From (1), (2) we get
11
22
11
11
22
11
12
S.O.B
12 2
11 22 = 12 2
Hence the equation of the locus of
Q (x2 , y2 ) is S1 2 = SS11 .
{ (x2 , y2 ) replaced by (x, y)}

Mathematics IIB Circle

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Mathematics IIB Circle

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MATHEMATICS IIB CIRCLE

Find the equation of the circle passing through

Sol: Let A (3, 4), B (3, 2), and C (1, 4)

Let the required eqn of the circle be

A (3, 4) lies on S=0,

Let the required eqn of the circle be

A (1, 1) lies on S=0,

B (3, 2) lies on S=0,

B (-6, 0) lies on S=0,

C (1, 4) lies on S=0,

C (-2, 2) lies on S=0,

Solving eqn (1) & (2)

Solving eqn (1) & (2)

Solving eqn (2) & (3)

Solving eqn (2) & (3)

Solving eqn (4) &

Sub g and f values in eqn (1)

Sub g and f values in eqn (1)