Western Australian Certificate of Education

Examination, 2014
Question/Answer Booklet

MATHEMATICS
2C/2D

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Ensure the label is straight and within the lines of this box.

Section Two:
Calculator-assumed
Student Number:

In figures
In words

Time allowed for this section

Reading time before commencing work: ten minutes

Working time for section:
one hundred minutes

Number of additional
answer booklets used
(if applicable):

Materials required/recommended for this section

To be provided by the supervisor
This Question/Answer Booklet
Formula Sheet (retained from Section One)

To be provided by the candidate

Standard items: pens (blue/black preferred), pencils (including coloured), sharpener,

correction fluid/tape, eraser, ruler, highlighters
Special items:

drawing instruments, templates, notes on two unfolded sheets of A4 paper,

and up to three calculators approved for use in the WACE examinations

Important note to candidates

No other items may be taken into the examination room. It is your responsibility to ensure
that you do not have any unauthorised notes or other items of a non-personal nature in the
examination room. If you have any unauthorised material with you, hand it to the supervisor
before reading any further.
Copyright School Curriculum and Standards Authority 2014
Ref: 14-077

*MAT2CD-S2*
MAT2CD-S2

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Number of
questions
available

Number of
questions to
be answered

Working
time
(minutes)

Marks
available

Percentage
of exam

Section One:
Calculator-free

50

50

331 3

Section Two:
Calculator-assumed

13

13

100

100

662 3

Total

100

Section

Instructions to candidates
1.

The rules for the conduct of Western Australian external examinations are detailed in the
Year 12 Information Handbook 2014. Sitting this examination implies that you agree to
abide by these rules.

2.

Write your answers in this Question/Answer Booklet.

3.

You must be careful to confine your response to the specific question asked and to follow
any instructions that are specified to a particular question.

4.

Spare pages are included at the end of this booklet. They can be used for planning your
responses and/or as additional space if required to continue an answer.
Planning: If you use the spare pages for planning, indicate this clearly at the top of
the page.
Continuing an answer: If you need to use the space to continue an answer, indicate in
the original answer space where the answer is continued, i.e. give the page number.
Fill in the number of the question that you are continuing to answer at the top of the
page.

5.

Show all your working clearly. Your working should be in sufficient detail to allow your
answers to be checked readily and for marks to be awarded for reasoning. Incorrect
answers given without supporting reasoning cannot be allocated any marks. For any
question or part question worth more than two marks, valid working or justification is
required to receive full marks. If you repeat any question, ensure that you cancel the
answer you do not wish to have marked.

6.

It is recommended that you do not use pencil, except in diagrams.

7.

The Formula Sheet is not to be handed in with your Question/Answer Booklet.

See next page

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Structure of this paper

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Section Two: Calculator-assumed

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D
(100 Marks)

This section has 13 questions. Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
Spare pages are included at the end of this booklet. They can be used for planning your
responses and/or as additional space if required to continue an answer.
Planning: If you use the spare pages for planning, indicate this clearly at the top of the page.
Continuing an answer: If you need to use the space to continue an answer, indicate in the
original answer space where the answer is continued, i.e. give the page number. Fill in the
number of the question that you are continuing to answer at the top of the page.
Suggested working time: 100 minutes.
Question 8

(7 marks)

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In a population of 100 people, 30 people have green eyes, five have both green eyes and brown
hair and 50 have neither green eyes nor brown hair.
(a)

Represent this information in the Venn diagram below, where G represents the set of
people with green eyes and B represents the set of people with brown hair.
(3 marks)

(b)

Determine the number of people having only brown hair.

(c)

Determine the probability that a person chosen at random from those with green eyes will
also have brown hair.
(2 marks)

See next page

(2 marks)

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Question 9

(7 marks)

Outside the Perth metropolitan area, the Water Corporation divides the State into Country north
and Country south. Annual water usage charges for Country north are given in the table below,
with towns being allocated to one of the five classes shown.

(a)

Usage (kL)
per year

Class 1

Class 2

Class 3

Class 4

Class 5

First 350 kL

$1.055

$1.381

$1.381

$1.381

$1.381

Next 150 kL

$1.404

$1.841

$1.841

$1.841

$1.841

Next 250 kL

$1.486

$2.043

$2.722

$3.202

$3.766

Over 750 kL

$1.734

$2.607

$3.470

$4.800

$6.474

Calculate the annual water usage charge for a property in a Class 1 town that uses
535kL of water.
(3 marks)

See next page

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Country north water use and price classes

(cost per kilolitre)

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(b)

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

In 2013, a family living in a Class 2 town used 570 kL of water and had an annual water
use charge of $902.51. Having now moved to a Class 5 town and not wishing to pay any
more for water, by how much must they reduce their annual water use? Give your answer
to the nearest kilolitre.
(4 marks)

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See next page

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

Question 10

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(5 marks)

(a)

Describe two different ways in which the sample of residents to be surveyed could be
chosen.
(2 marks)

(b)

Describe two factors that could skew or bias the results of the collected data. (2 marks)

(c)

Describe what the analysis of the collected data might show about the recreational
facilities.
(1 mark)

See next page

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Concern has been raised in a country town that its recreational facilities are inadequate. The
local government authority has employed a research company to collect and analyse a sample
of residents opinions. The current population of the town is approximately two thousand.

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Question 11

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D
(5 marks)

Sandra was investigating odd numbers and made the conjecture that the product of any three
consecutive odd numbers is divisible by five.

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(a)

Test Sandras conjecture with three different sets of three consecutive odd numbers.

(3 marks)

(b)

What conclusion can you draw about Sandras conjecture on the basis of your results
from part (a)? Justify your answer.
(2 marks)

See next page

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

Question 12

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(8 marks)

To minimise the cost, the network design consultant decides to use a minimal spanning tree
solution.
(a)

Determine the minimum cost and indicate clearly the minimal spanning tree solution on
the network above.
(5 marks)

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A high speed communication network linking 12 centres A, B, C, D, , J, K, L is to be

constructed. The possible connections are given in the following network. The number on each
arc represents the cost, in thousands of dollars, of establishing a direct link between the nodes
that the arc joins.

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(b)

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

The network design consultant discovers that the cost for the link FE is incorrect and
should have been $37 000. How does this information change the solution in part (a)?
Justify your answer.
(3 marks)

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See next page

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

10

Question 13

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(8 marks)

(a)

What is the maximum amount of the product, in units per day, that can be moved from
the warehouse W to the distribution centre M? Show systematic working.
(5 marks)

See next page

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The diagram below shows a transport network connecting a companys warehouse W to its main
distribution centre M. The products are moved from W to M through a number of intermediate
centres A, B, , H. The number on each arc represents the maximum number of units of a
product that can be moved per day along the network link.

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(b)

11

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

What effect, if any, would there be on the maximum daily flow of the product from W to M
if the capacity of the link FE was increased by 20 units per day? Justify your answer.

(3 marks)

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See next page

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

12

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Question 14

(9 marks)

A sample of 1000 people was asked to respond to the question, Should the building of highrises on the beachfront be banned? with either a Yes or a No.
The results were recorded on the basis of where the respondents lived, as shown in the table
below. Beach residents were classified as those living within 10 km of the ocean.
Response
Beach resident
Non-beach resident

Yes
60%
20%

No
15%
5%

Male
Female

Beach resident
45%
30%

Non-beach resident
10%
15%

(a)

How many people in the sample responded with a No?

(b)

Determine the probability that a person selected at random from the sample of 1000
people was a non-beach resident who responded with a No.
(1 mark)

(c)

(i)
How many people in the sample were females who responded with a Yes?

(2 marks)

(ii)

How many of the females from part (c) (i) were non-beach residents?

See next page

(2 marks)

(1 mark)

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The second table shows the gender distribution of those in the sample who responded with a
Yes.

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

13

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

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(d)

Given that a person chosen at random responded with a Yes and was a female,
determine the probability that she was a non-beach resident.
(2 marks)

(e)

Determine the probability that a person chosen at random who voted with a Yes was a
male.
(1 mark)

See next page

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

14

Question 15

(11 marks)

The following table displays the percentage distributions of persons aged 2564 years, by level
of educational achievement, across 12 countries in 2010.

Below upper
secondary
education (%)

Upper secondary
and non-tertiary
education (%)

Tertiary
education (%)

Tertiary and
advanced
research
programs (%)

Australia

29

34

10

27

Canada

13

38

24

25

France

41

12

18

Germany

14

59

17

Greece

36

41

17

Italy

46

40

Country

Japan

14

56

19

25

Korea
(Republic of)

20

41

12

27

New Zealand

21

39

17

23

Sweden

14

52

25

11

52

10

27

11

48

10

31

United
Kingdom
United
States of
America
(a)

Determine the value for A in the table.

(b)

Give a reason to explain why there are empty cells in the table for Italy and Japan.

(1 mark)

(c)

What was the median level of educational achievement in Australia for people aged
2564years in 2010?
(1 mark)

See next page

(2 marks)

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Level of educational achievement of persons aged 2564 years in 2010

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

15

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

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(d)

Which country appears to have had the highest proportion of its population aged
2564 years who had not achieved education at the tertiary level? Justify your answer.

(2 marks)

(e)

Consider the claim that In 2010, Australia had more people whose level of educational
achievement was below upper secondary than Germany. State whether you agree with
this claim and give two reasons to justify your conclusion.
(3 marks)

(f)

Some students studying this data added up all the numbers in the tertiary education (%)
column and averaged them to get 11.75%. They concluded that Throughout the world,
11.75% of people aged 2564 years have completed a tertiary education. Give two
reasons for rejecting this conclusion.
(2 marks)

See next page

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

16

Question 16

(4 marks)

In preparation for developing a spreadsheet to investigate the influence of the other variables on

at 2
.
2

(a)

Show how the formula can be rearranged to give a formula for calculating a.

(b)

Using your formula from part (a), find the value of a when s = 66, u = 5 and t = 6.

(2 marks)

See next page

(2 marks)

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a, Kerry decided to rearrange the formula s = ut +

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

17

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

Question 17

(6 marks)

A ladder has 21 rungs and from the bottom to the top each rung is shorter than the one before it
by a constant amount. The bottom rung is 400 mm long and the top rung is 320 mm.

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(a)

How much shorter is each rung than the rung below it?

(b)

Give a recursive rule for calculating the length (Tn) of the nth rung from the rung below it.

(2 marks)

(c)

Give a non-recursive formula for calculating the length of any rung.

See next page

(3 marks)

(1 mark)

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

18

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(9 marks)

(a)

On April 16 Mitch borrowed $15 500 from his parents to purchase a car. He agreed to
an interest rate of 7.2% per annum on the amount owing and to make repayments every
six months. How much interest was added to the loan on October 16 when his first
repayment was due?
(2 marks)

(b)

On April 16, Magda borrowed $15 500 to purchase a car. She makes repayments of $400
each month. The interest on the loan is charged at 7.2% per annum reducible monthly.
(i)

Complete the following table to determine how much Magda still owes after
making her sixth repayment.
(4 marks)
Date

Amount

Interest

Repayment

April 16

Amount remaining
$15 500.00

May 16

$15 500.00

$93.00

$400.00

$15 193.00

June 16

$15 193.00

$91.16

$400.00

$14 884.16

July 16

$14 884.16

$89.30

$400.00

$14 573.46

August 16

$14 573.46

$87.44

$400.00

$14 260.90

September 16

$14 260.90

$85.57

$400.00

$13 946.47

October 16

$400.00

See next page

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Question 18

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(ii)

19

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

Write a recursive rule for the amount, Tn , Magda owes after n months. (3 marks)

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See next page

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

20

Question 19

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(11 marks)

(a)

Use trigonometry to determine the size of the angle ABC to the nearest degree. (5 marks)

See next page

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The diagram below (not drawn to scale) shows a section of a construction consisting of three
steel beams AB, BC and AC.

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

21

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

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(b)

Use the sine rule to determine the size of the angle BCA.

(c)

The section ABC needs to be covered with insulation material. The cost of insulation is
$22 per square metre. Determine the total cost of insulation.
(3 marks)

See next page

(3 marks)

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

22

Question 20

(10 marks)
x

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The functions y = 3 and y = x are represented in the graph below.

(a)

Comment, with reasons, on the conjecture 3 > x for all whole numbers x > 1. (2 marks)

See next page

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(b)

23
3

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

Graph the function y = 1.5x + 18x + 67.5x + 85 on the axes on page 22. Label all
important features clearly.
(5 marks)

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(c)
Comment, with reasons, on the conjecture 3 < 1.5x + 18x + 67.5x + 85 for x < 0.

(3 marks)

Seeofnext
page
End
questions

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

24

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Additional working space

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Question number:

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CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

25

Additional working space

Question number:

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

26

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Additional working space

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Question number:

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CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

27

Additional working space

Question number:

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Section Two
Question 9

Water Corporation. (n.d.). Country north water use tiers and price
classes [Table]. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from
www.watercorporation.com.au/my-account/rates-and-charges/countryrates
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Question 15
Section Two

Adapted from: Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). (2012).

Distribution of persons aged 2564 years by level of educational
attainment [Table]. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from
Water Corporation. (n.d.). Country north water use tiers and price
www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/4102.0Sep%2020
classes
April 12, 2014,
from 2.5 Australia licence.
12.
Used[Table].
under aRetrieved
Creative Commons
Attribution
www.watercorporation.com.au/my-account/rates-and-charges/countryrates

Question 9

Question 15

Adapted from: Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). (2012).

Distribution of persons aged 2564 years by level of educational
attainment [Table]. Retrieved April 12, 2014, from
www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/4102.0Sep%2020
12. Used under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia licence.

This documentapart from any third party copyright material contained in itmay be freely copied, or communicated on an
intranet, for non-commercial purposes in educational institutions, provided that the School Curriculum and Standards
Authority is acknowledged as the copyright owner, and that the Authoritys moral rights are not infringed.
Copying or communication for any other purpose can be done only within the terms of the Copyright Act 1968 or with prior
written permission of the School Curriculum and Standards Authority. Copying or communication of any third party
copyright material can be done only within the terms of the Copyright Act 1968 or with permission of the copyright owners.
Any content in this document that has been derived from the Australian Curriculum may be used under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Australia licence.
This documentapart from any third party copyright material contained in itmay be freely copied, or communicated on an
intranet, for non-commercial purposes in educational institutions, provided that the School Curriculum and Standards
Published by the School Curriculum and Standards Authority of Western Australia
Authority is acknowledged as the copyright owner, and that the Authoritys moral rights are not infringed.

303 Sevenoaks Street

CANNINGTON
WA the
6107
Copying or communication for any other purpose can
be done only within
terms of the Copyright Act 1968 or with prior
written permission of the School Curriculum and Standards Authority. Copying or communication of any third party
copyright material can be done only within the terms of the Copyright Act 1968 or with permission of the copyright owners.
Any content in this document that has been derived from the Australian Curriculum may be used under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Australia licence.

Published by the School Curriculum and Standards Authority of Western Australia

303 Sevenoaks Street
CANNINGTON WA 6107