Western Australian Certificate of Education

Examination, 2012
Question/Answer Booklet

MATHEMATICS
2C/2D

Section Two:
Calculator-assumed
Student Number:

Please place your student identification label in this box

In figures
In words

Time allowed for this section

Reading time before commencing work:

Working time for section:

ten minutes
one hundred minutes

Number of additional
answer booklets used
(if applicable):

Materials required/recommended for this section

To be provided by the supervisor

This Question/Answer Booklet

Formula Sheet (retained from Section One)

To be provided by the candidate

Standard items: pens (blue/black preferred), pencils (including coloured), sharpener,

correction tape/fluid, eraser, ruler, highlighters
Special items:

drawing instruments, templates, notes on two unfolded sheets of A4 paper,

and up to three calculators approved for use in the WACE examinations

Important note to candidates

No other items may be taken into the examination room. It is your responsibility to ensure that
you do not have any unauthorised notes or other items of a non-personal nature in the
examination room. If you have any unauthorised material with you, hand it to the supervisor
before reading any further.
Copyright School Curriculum and Standards Authority 2012
Ref: 12-088

*MAT2CD-S2*
MAT2CD-S2

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Number of
questions
available

Number of
questions to
be answered

Working
time
(minutes)

Marks
available

Percentage
of total exam

Section One:
Calculator-free

50

50

3313

Section Two:
Calculator-assumed

12

12

100

100

6623

Total

150

100

Section

Instructions to candidates
1.
The rules for the conduct of Western Australian external examinations are detailed in
the Year 12 Information Handbook 2012. Sitting this examination implies that you

agree to abide by these rules.
2.

Write your answers in the spaces provided in this Question/Answer Booklet. Spare pages
are included at the end of this booklet. They can be used for planning your responses
and/or as additional space if required to continue an answer.
Planning: If you use the spare pages for planning, indicate this clearly at the top of
the page.
Continuing an answer: If you need to use the space to continue an answer, indicate in
the original answer space where the answer is continued, i.e. give the page number.
Fill in the number of the question(s) that you are continuing to answer at the top of the
page.

3.

Show all your working clearly. Your working should be in sufficient detail to allow your
answers to be checked readily and for marks to be awarded for reasoning. Incorrect
answers given without supporting reasoning cannot be allocated any marks. For any
question or part question worth more than two marks, valid working or justification is
required to receive full marks. If you repeat an answer to any question, ensure that you
cancel the answer you do not wish to have marked.

4.

It is recommended that you do not use pencil, except in diagrams.

5.

The Formula Sheet is not handed in with your Question/Answer Booklet.

See next page

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Structure of this paper

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Section Two: Calculator-assumed

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D
(100 Marks)

This section has twelve (12) questions. Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces
provided.
Spare pages are included at the end of this booklet. They can be used for planning your
responses and/or as additional space if required to continue an answer.
Planning: If you use the spare pages for planning, indicate this clearly at the top of the page.
Continuing an answer: If you need to use the space to continue an answer, indicate in the
original answer space where the answer is continued, i.e. give the page number. Fill in the
number of the question(s) that you are continuing to answer at the top of the page.
Suggested working time: 100 minutes.

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Question 7

(4 marks)

Given C = 6.2 102 and D = 7.7 103, determine the value of:
(a)

C D.

Give the answer in scientific notation.

(b)

C D.

Give the answer to two (2) significant figures.

(2 marks)

(2 marks)

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Question 8

(6 marks)

From 1 July 2011, these fees (including GST) were recommended by the Real Estate Institute of
Tasmania.

Selling price of each property

Real estate fees

Does not exceed $10 000

10.73% with a minimum of $100

From $10 001 $50 000

$1073 plus 5.85% of excess over $10 000

From $50 001 $100 000

$3413 plus 4.10% of excess over $50 000

From $100 001 upward

$5463 plus 3.88% of excess over $100 000

Jenny owns several properties in Tasmania.

(a)
If Jenny sells a house for $320 000, how much does she have to pay in real estate fees?

(3 marks)

(b)

Jenny wants to reduce the number of properties she owns. She is trying to decide
whether to sell a house for $320 000 or sell a group of four apartments, for $80 000
each. Which option will result in her paying the smaller amount of real estate fees and
how much less will she pay in fees with this option?
(3 marks)

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Real Estate Fees/Commission in Tasmania

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Question 9

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D
(6 marks)

Marine researchers were interested in estimating the population of sea lions in one of the
breeding colonies on the west coast of Western Australia. On one day, they observed and
tagged 23 sea lions in the colony. After allowing time for these tagged sea lions to mix with the
others, they observed a sample of 20 sea lions and found that seven of them had tags.
(a)

Use the capture-recapture technique to estimate the total population of the sea lion
colony.
(2 marks)

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Three days later, the marine researchers observed a sample of 24 sea lions, and found that five
of these were tagged.
(b)

Use this additional information to form a better estimate of the total population of the sea
lion colony.
(2 marks)

The researchers involved in this study were challenged by other marine researchers, who
claimed that the population estimate was inaccurate because some of the sea lions originally
tagged had lost their tags.
(c)
(i)

If this was the case, would such a claim imply a higher or lower estimate of the
sea lion population than that calculated in Part (b)?
(1 mark)

Justify your answer to Part (c)(i).

(ii)

See next page

(1 mark)

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Question 10

(7 marks)

The table below produced by the Australian Bureau of Statistics shows results compiled from
Household Use of Information Technology (HUIT) data collected by the Multipurpose Household
Survey (MPHS) for 201011.
Household Use of Information Technology, Australia, 201011
Home internet access
Households
Households
without
with home
home
internet
internet
access
access
New South Wales
568
2164
Victoria
458
1684
Queensland
355
1347
South Australia
160
497
Western Australia
163
714
Tasmania
62
146
Northern Territory
14
51
Australian Capital
16
122
Territory
Total households
1796
6725
Households
(in thousands)

Households with home internet access

by frequency of access
Every
day

At least
weekly

At least
monthly

Never/
Dont
know

1666
1280
1037
373
557
110
39

411
354
269
109
129
29
9

43
34
40
10
21
4
2

44
16
1
5
7
3
1

98

21

5160

1331

155

79

Note: All data are rounded.

(a)

Determine the total number of households surveyed.

(2 marks)

A household is randomly selected from those surveyed.

(b)

Determine the probability that the household had home internet access.

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(2 marks)

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CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

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(c)

Determine the probability that the household was in Western Australia and accessed the
internet at home every day.
(1 mark)

(d)

Given that the household had internet access, determine the probability that it was in
Victoria.
(2 marks)

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Question 11

(8 marks)

P1

P2

P3

P4

P5

P6

P7

P8

P1

25

18

16

12

19

P2

25

22

20

24

25

22

23

P3

18

22

10

15

16

20

21

P4

16

20

10

19

21

28

27

P5

24

15

19

15

20

10

P6

12

25

16

21

15

28

30

P7

19

22

20

28

20

28

18

P8

23

21

27

10

30

18

The city needs to establish a minimal cost network.

(a)

Use Prims algorithm to determine the minimal cost.

(4 marks)

(b)

Represent the solution found in Part (a) as a network.

(2 marks)

P1

P2
P3

P8

P4

P7
P6

P5

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A city is to host an economic forum to be attended by the leaders of a number of nations. To

ensure the safety of the leaders a sophisticated communication network, linking a number
of control points, is to be set up. There are eight control points P1, P2, ..., P8 and the costs, in
thousands of dollars, of establishing a direct link between points is given in the following table.

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

(c)
The planners realise that the cost of connecting the control points P1 and P2 can be

reduced by $8000 by using a remote device. By how much does the use of the remote

device reduce the minimum cost of constructing the network? Justify your solution.

(2 marks)

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D
CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

1010

Question12
12
Question

marks)
(9(9
marks)

Hannawas
used
her calculator
to determine
a function
that that
modelled
the temperature
T (inTC)
Hanna
using
her calculator
to determine
a function
modelled
the temperature
(in on
C)
3
2
3
2
one
day
last
summer.
HerHer
temperature
function
waswas
T = T0.01t
+ t0.266t
t0.957t
+ 21.77
. The
on
one
day
last
summer.
temperature
function
.

0.01
0.266
0.957
t 21.77
function
applied
from
midnight
(t
=
0)
to
midnight
(t
=
24)
.
The function applied from midnight (t = 0) to midnight (t = 24).
(a) OnOn
axes
below
sketch
temperature
function
hour
period. (4 marks)
(4 marks)
(a)
thethe
axes
below
sketch
thethe
temperature
function
forfor
thethe
2424
hour
period.

40
38
36
34
32
30
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
2

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

(b) What did Hannas function suggest the temperature was at 5.00 pm?
(b)
What did Hannas function suggest the temperature was at 5.00 pm?

See
nextpage
page
See
next

24

tt(hours)
(hours)

(1 mark)
(1 mark)

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TT(C)
(C)

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

11

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

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(c)

The actual maximum temperature of 35.1 C occurred at 1.00 pm. Comment on how
accurate her function was for modelling the maximum temperature.
(2 marks)

(d)

According to the function, for what percentage of the 24 hour period was the temperature
above 30 C?
(2 marks)

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

12

Question 13
The graph of y =

(11 marks)

x
+ 8 has been drawn on the axes below.
2
y
12
10
8
6

2
4

4
6
8
10
(a)

Sketch the graph of y = 1.5x on the axes given.

(b)

Use the graph to estimate the solution of the equation 1.5x = + 8. Show on your graph
2
where you found the solution.
(2 marks)

(4 marks)

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CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

13

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

(c)
Use your calculator to determine the second solution to the equation 1.5x = + 8.
2

(2 marks)

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(d)

The graphs of y = 1.5x and y = 2x + c are to have one point of intersection.

Which would be the better estimate of c such that the graphs of y = 1.5x and y = 2x + c
have only one point of intersection: c = 3, c = 0, c = 3? Explain your answer. (3 marks)

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

14

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
Question 14

14

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D
(11 marks)

connecting flight.
Of 570 passengers who travelled from Perth to London on two flights, 152 had their first flight
delayed.
these delayed
65Perth
missed
second,
connecting
flight.
total of
96flight
Of 570Of
passengers
who passengers,
travelled from
to their
London
on two
flights, 152
hadA their
first
passengers
missed
their
second,
connecting
flight.
delayed. Of these delayed passengers, 65 missed their second, connecting flight. A total of 96
passengers missed their second, connecting flight.
Let D represent the set of passengers with their first flight delayed and M represent the set of
Let D represent
the set
of passengers
with their
first flight delayed and M represent the set of
passengers
who missed
their
second, connecting
flight.
passengers who missed their second, connecting flight.
(a)
Complete the Venn diagram below to show this information. Complete all regions.
(a)
Complete the Venn diagram below to show this information. Complete all regions.
(4 marks)
(4 marks)

(b)
(b)

(c)

Determine: n(D M).

(1 mark)

Determine: n ( D M ).

(1 mark)

If one of these passengers is selected at random, determine

(c) If one P(D

of these
is selected at random, determine
(i)
| M).passengers

(i)

P ( D M ).

(2 marks)

(ii) P(D M).

(ii)

(2 marks)

(2 marks)

P ( D M ).

(2 marks)

See next page

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Question 14
(11 marks)
When travelling from Perth to London, passengers need to take two flights. Unfortunately,
theInfirst
flight
sometimes
delayed,
and this
can result need
in passengers
missing
second,
order
to is
travel
from Perth
to London,
passengers
to take two
flights.their
Unfortunately,
the
connecting
flight.
first flight is sometimes delayed, and this can result in passengers missing their second,

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(d)

15

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

Determine the proportion of passengers who missed their second, connecting flight, even
though their first flight was not delayed.
(2 marks)

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D
CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Question 15

16
16

Question 15

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

(7 marks)

(7 marks)

What
is the
maximumamount
amount of ore,
which
from
the
(a) (a)What
is the
maximum
ore, in
intonnes
tonnesper
perminute,
minute,
thatcan
canbebemoved
moved
from
stockpile
S
to
the
loading
station
L?
Show
systematic
working
to
allow
your
solution
to
be

the stockpile S to the loading station L? Show systematic working to allow your solution

checked.

to be checked.
(5 marks)
(5 marks)

See next page

See next page

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In a mining operation ore is moved from a central stockpile S to a loading station L through
In a
mining operation
ore is moved
a central stockpile
to aE loading
station by
L through
an
an ore
processing
plant consisting
of from
six processors
A, B, C,S D,
and F linked
a system
ore processing plant consisting of 6 processors A, B, C, D, E and F linked by a system of
of conveyor
belts. The network below displays the operation with the arcs representing the
conveyor belts. The network below displays the operation with the arcs representing the
conveyor
belts.
TheThe
number
onon
each
arc
maximumamount
amount
ore,
in tonnes
conveyor
belts.
number
each
arcrepresents
represents the
the maximum
of of
ore,
in tonnes
per per
minute,
that which
can be
moved
along
thatthat
conveyor
belt.
minute,
can
be moved
along
conveyor
belt.

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(b)

17

17

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

What effect, if any, would there be on the maximum flow of ore from S to L if the capacity
of
theeffect,
conveyor
beltwould
FE wasthere
increased
15maximum
tonnes per flow
minute?
Justify
What
if any,
be onbythe
of ore
fromyour
S toanswer.
L if the capacity
(2 marks)

(b)

of the conveyor belt FE was increased by 15 tonnes per minute? Justify your answer.

(2 marks)

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See next page

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

18

Question 16

(11 marks)

The estimated resident population of Western Australia at 30 June 2011, according to the
Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), has been grouped into equal-sized intervals and these
data are shown in the table and frequency histogram below.
Estimated resident population for
Western Australia, at 30 June 2011

500 000
400 000
300 000
200 000
100 000
0

22

37 52 67
Age (years)

82

97

(a)

For these data, determine

(i)

the modal class.

(1 mark)

(ii)

the largest possible range.

(1 mark)

(iii)

the mean.

(1 mark)

(iv)

the standard deviation.

(1 mark)

(v)

the median class. Justify your answer.

See next page

(2 marks)

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014
1529
3044
4559
6074
7589
90104
Total

600 000

Frequency

Age (years)

Frequency
(number of
persons)
453 747
515 339
502 452
462 003
286 187
114 436
12 246
2 346 410

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

19

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

The estimated resident population of Tasmania at 30 June 2011, according to the ABS, has
been grouped into equal-sized intervals and these data are shown in the table and frequency
histogram below. The mean age for this population is 39.48 years and the median class is 3044
years.
Estimated resident population for
Tasmania, at 30 June 2011

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014
1529
3044
4559
6074
7589
90104
Total

(b)

Frequency
(number of
persons)
97 694
96 220
94 446
107 789
78 337
32 710
12 246
519 442

120 000
100 000
Frequency

Age (years)

80 000
60 000
40 000
20 000
0

22

37 52 67
Age (years)

82

97

Does Western Australia or Tasmania tend to have ages that are more spread out? Justify
your choice.
(2 marks)

(c)

A typical resident, in terms of their age, is to be chosen to represent each state. Should
these typical residents be chosen from the same age intervals? Explain your answer.

(3 marks)

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MATHEMATICS
2C/2D
CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

20 20

Question
17 17
Question

(10 marks)
(10 marks)

The Jones
familyare
is planning
The Jones
planning the
the back
back garden
garden of
of their
their new
new house.
house. The
Thediagram
diagrambelow
below(not
(notdrawn
drawn to
to scale)
shows
the
area.
All
dimensions
are
in
metres
and
angles
are
in
degrees.
scale) shows the area. All dimensions are in metres and angles are in degrees.
A

8.2 m
8.2m

B
75

9.0
m
9.0m

8.2m
8.2
m

8.4m
8.4 m

The Jones family decides to build a limestone wall (one block high) from A to C to partition off the
(a) The
decide
build
limestone
wall (one block high) from A to C to partition off the
playground
areaJones
ACD from
thetorest
of athe
back garden.
playground area ACD from the rest of the back garden.
(a)

Using trigonometry, calculate the length of this wall.

(i)
Using trigonometry, calculate the length of this wall.

(ii)

(b)

(3 marks)
(3 marks)

Limestone blocks come in 500mm lengths. How many blocks will the Jones need
to buy?
(2 marks)
Limestone blocks come in 500 mm lengths. How many blocks will the Jones family need
to buy?
(2 marks)

See See
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pagepage

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9.0m
9.0
m

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

21

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

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(c)

The playground area is to be covered by a shade sail with poles at A, C and D. Using
trigonometry, determine

(i)

the size of the angle ACD.

(3 marks)

(ii)

the area of the playground ACD.

(2 marks)

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CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
22
MATHEMATICS 2C/2D
CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
22
MATHEMATICS 2C/2D
CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
MATHEMATICS 2C/2D
22
Question 18
(10 marks)
Question 18
(10 marks)
Question 18
(10 marks)
Triangle PQR has a base of (21 2x) cm and perpendicular height of x cm, as shown in the
Triangle PQR has a base of (21 2x) cm and perpendicular height of x cm, as shown in the
trianglePQR
below.
Triangle
has a
base of (21 2 x) cm and perpendicular height of x cm, as shown in the
triangle
below.
triangle below.

R
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21 2x 21 2x
(a) If
(a) Ifx x==44, calculate
calculate the
the area
area of
of the
the triangle.
triangle.
(a) If x = 4 calculate the area of the triangle.

(2(2
marks)
marks)
(2 marks)

(b) Determine an expression for the area function of the triangle in terms of x, i.e. complete
(b) Determine an expression for the area function of the triangle in terms of x, i.e. complete
the following:
(b)
Determine
an expression for the area function of the triangle in terms of x, i.e. complete
the following:

the following:
A(x) = A(x) =
(1 mark)
(1 mark)
A(x) =
(1 mark)

(c) Sketch the area function on the axes below. Clearly label all significant features.
(c) Sketch the area function on the axes below. Clearly label all significant features.
(c)
Sketch the area function on the axes below. Label all significant features clearly. (4 marks)
(4 marks)

(4 marks)

A(x)

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page
See
next page

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CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

23

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

(d) What is the maximum possible area of triangle PQR?

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
23

(d)

(e)

(1 mark)
MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

What is the maximum possible area of triangle PQR?

(1 mark)

Line AB has been drawn parallel with base QR of the triangle and passing through point
P.

(e)
Line AB has been drawn parallel with base QR of the triangle and passing through

point P.

B
A
P
S

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21 2x

(i)

For the point S, on line AB, what is the maximum area of triangle QRS? (1 mark)

(i)

For the point S, on line AB, what is the maximum area of triangle QRS? (1 mark)

(ii)
If point S could be moved anywhere along line AB, where should S be located in

order to maximise the area of triangle QRS?
(1 mark)

(ii)

If point S could be moved anywhere along line AB, describe how the location
would affect the area of triangle QRS.
(1 mark)

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next
page
End
questions

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

24

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Additional working space

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Question number:

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CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

25

Additional working space

Question number:

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

26

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Additional working space

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Question number:

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CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

27

Additional working space

Question number:

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Section Two
Question 8

Data source: Independent Real Estate Consulting. (n.d.). Agents fees, real
estate fees, real estate commission TAS, effective 1 July 2011. Retrieved
March 13, 2012, from http://irec.com.au/index.php?c=4.

Question 10

Data source: Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2012, February 23). 8146.0

Household use of information technology, Australia, 201011 [Excel
spreadsheet]. Retrieved March, 2012, from www.abs.gov.au. Licensed
under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia licence.

Question 16

Data source: Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2011, December 19).

31010DO002_201106 Australian demographic statistics, June 2011 [Excel
spreadsheet]. Retrieved March 27, 2012, from abs.gov.au. Licensed under
a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia licence.

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