Western Australian Certificate of Education

Examination, 2013
Question/Answer Booklet

MATHEMATICS
2C/2D

Section Two:
Calculator-assumed
Student Number:

Please place your student identification label in this box

In figures
In words

Time allowed for this section

Reading time before commencing work: ten minutes

Working time for section:
one hundred minutes

Number of additional
answer booklets used
(if applicable):

Materials required/recommended for this section

To be provided by the supervisor
This Question/Answer Booklet
Formula Sheet (retained from Section One)

To be provided by the candidate

Standard items: pens (blue/black preferred), pencils (including coloured), sharpener,

correction fluid/tape, eraser, ruler, highlighters
Special items:

drawing instruments, templates, notes on two unfolded sheets of A4 paper,

and up to three calculators approved for use in the WACE examinations

Important note to candidates

No other items may be taken into the examination room. It is your responsibility to ensure
that you do not have any unauthorised notes or other items of a non-personal nature in the
examination room. If you have any unauthorised material with you, hand it to the supervisor
before reading any further.
Copyright School Curriculum and Standards Authority 2013
Ref: 13-082

*MAT2CD-S2*
MAT2CD-S2

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Number of
questions
available

Number of
questions to
be answered

Working
time
(minutes)

Marks
available

Percentage
of exam

Section One:
Calculator-free

50

50

331 3

Section Two:
Calculator-assumed

13

13

100

100

662 3

Total

100

Section

Instructions to candidates
1.

The rules for the conduct of Western Australian external examinations are detailed in the
Year 12 Information Handbook 2013. Sitting this examination implies that you agree to
abide by these rules.

2.

Write your answers in this Question/Answer Booklet.

3.

You must be careful to confine your response to the specific question asked and to follow
any instructions that are specified to a particular question.

4.

Spare pages are included at the end of this booklet. They can be used for planning your
responses and/or as additional space if required to continue an answer.
Planning: If you use the spare pages for planning, indicate this clearly at the top of
the page.
Continuing an answer: If you need to use the space to continue an answer, indicate in
the original answer space where the answer is continued, i.e. give the page number.
Fill in the number of the question that you are continuing to answer at the top of the
page.

5.

Show all your working clearly. Your working should be in sufficient detail to allow your
answers to be checked readily and for marks to be awarded for reasoning. Incorrect
answers given without supporting reasoning cannot be allocated any marks. For any
question or part question worth more than two marks, valid working or justification is
required to receive full marks. If you repeat any question, ensure that you cancel the
answer you do not wish to have marked.

6.

It is recommended that you do not use pencil, except in diagrams.

7.

The Formula Sheet is not handed in with your Question/Answer Booklet.

See next page

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Structure of this paper

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

Section Two: Calculator-assumed

(100 Marks)

This section has 13 questions. Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
Spare pages are included at the end of this booklet. They can be used for planning your
responses and/or as additional space if required to continue an answer.
Planning: If you use the spare pages for planning, indicate this clearly at the top of the page.
Continuing an answer: If you need to use the space to continue an answer, indicate in the
original answer space where the answer is continued, i.e. give the page number. Fill in the
number of the question that you are continuing to answer at the top of the page.
Suggested working time: 100 minutes.

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Question 7

(5 marks)

The Venn diagram below shows two events, A and B, and some probabilities.

Determine
(a)

P(A

B).

(2 marks)

(b)

P(A

B).

(1 mark)

(c)

P( ).

(1 mark)

(d)

P(A|B).

(1 mark)

See next page

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Question 8

(6 marks)

Income tax rates for 201213 for both Australian citizens and foreign residents working in
Australia are given in the tables below. The rates apply from 1 July 2012.
Australian citizens
Tax on this income
Nil
19c for each $1 over $18 200
$3572 plus 32.5c for each $1 over $37 000
$17 547 plus 37c for each $1 over $80 000
$54 547 plus 45c for each $1 over $180 000

Foreign residents
Taxable income
0$80 000
$80 001$180 000
$180 001 and over
(a)

Tax on this income

32.5c for each $1
$26 000 plus 37c for each $1 over $80 000
$63 000 plus 45c for each $1 over $180 000

Calculate the tax payable by an Australian citizen with a taxable income of $144 280 in
the 201213 financial year.
(3 marks)

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Taxable income
0$18 200
$18 201$37 000
$37 001$80 000
$80 001$180 000
$180 001 and over

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(b)

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

Calculate the taxable income of a foreign resident who paid $43 530.60 in tax in the
201213 financial year.
(3 marks)

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See next page

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Question 9

(4 marks)

(a)

Using a capture-recapture method, estimate the number of people who attended the
festival.
(3 marks)

(b)

Estimate the number of people in attendance who did not have a ticket.

See next page

(1 mark)

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An event organiser is concerned about the number of people attending concerts without tickets.
In a recent music festival, 6000 tickets were sold but the festival security company reported that,
in a sample of 56 people, four people had no ticket. Assume that all 6000 ticket holders attended
the concert.

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

Question 10

(4 marks)

Peta was investigating prime numbers and made the conjecture:

For every two-digit prime number p, p 13, at least one of p 10 or p + 10 is prime.

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(a)

Test Petas conjecture with three different two-digit prime numbers p 13.

(b)

What conclusion can you draw about Petas conjecture, on the basis of your results from
part (a)?
(1 mark)

See next page

(3 marks)

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Question 11

(12 marks)

The two-way table below shows some of the characteristics of the residents of an over-50s
lifestyle village. Residents are classified according to age, gender and source of income.

Female
Under
65 and
65
over

16

42
53

Total
48
122

(a)

Complete the table.

(3 marks)

(b)

How many residents depend on a pension?

(c)

If a resident is selected at random, what is the probability that the resident is

(1 mark)

(i)

male?

(1 mark)

(ii)

at least 65 years old?

(1 mark)

(iii)

pension dependent, given that they are female and aged under 65?

See next page

(2 marks)

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Wholly self-funded
Pension dependent
Total

Male
Under
65 and
65
over
22
18
28

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(d)

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

Use the information from part (a) to complete the following Venn diagram.

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See next page

(4 marks)

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

10

Question 12

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(7 marks)

(a)

What is the fastest route from the central business district S to the port P? To obtainfull
marks, numbers must be added to the above diagram to show that an appropriate
method has been used.
(4 marks)

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The network below represents a rail transport network connecting the central business districtS
to seven metropolitan centres A, B, C, G and a port P. The number on each arc represents
the time, in minutes, that a train takes to travel between the centres.

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

11

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

(b)

State the time required by the route found in part (a).

(c)

Following a storm the rail link DG is flooded and not available. What effect, if any, will this
have on the fastest rail link connecting the central business district and the port? Justify
your answer.
(2 marks)

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See next page

(1 mark)

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

12

Question 13

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(7 marks)

(a)

What is the maximum amount of product, in units per day, that can be moved from
production centre A to the central distribution centre H? Show systematic working to allow
your solution to be checked.
(5 marks)

See next page

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The diagram below represents a product distribution network linking a production centre A to a
central distribution centre H. The products are moved from A through a number of intermediate
centres, B, C, D, E, F and G. The number on each arc represents the maximum number of units
of product that can be moved per day along the network segment.

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(b)

13

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

What effect, if any, would there be on the maximum daily flow of product from A to H if the
capacity of the link DG was increased to 45 units per day? Justify your answer.

(2 marks)

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

14

Question 14

(9 marks)

Units

2016

2021

2026

2031

2036

2041

2046

2051

2056

Total population

000

2527

2765

3000

3231

3453

3669

3880

4088

4293

Population aged
014 years

19.1

19.0

18.5

18.1

17.6

17.3

17.2

17.1

17.0

Population aged
1564 years

66.5

65.1

64.1

63.3

62.8

62.4

62.1

61.4

60.8

Population aged
65 years and over

14.4

15.9

17.4

18.6

19.6

20.3

20.7

21.5

22.2

Population aged
85 years and over

1.8

1.9

2.2

2.5

3.2

3.7

4.0

4.3

4.6

Median age of total

population

years

37.5

38.3

39.2

40.0

40.7

41.1

41.4

41.8

42.1

Population living in
the capital city

74.6

75.1

75.6

76.0

76.5

76.9

77.4

77.8

78.2

(a)

What is the projected median age for people in Western Australia in 2046?

(b)

What is the projected percentage of people in Western Australia aged 1564 years
in 2021?
(1 mark)

(c)

What is the projected population of people in Western Australia aged 1564 years
in 2021?
(2 marks)

See next page

(1 mark)

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The following table shows details of the projected population for Western Australia to 2056, at
which time it is estimated that the total population will be 4 293 000, of which 78.2% will be living
in the capital city.

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

15

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

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(d)

What is the estimated percentage increase in total population from 2016 to 2056?

(3 marks)

(e)

The government is considering a plan to encourage people to move away from the
capital city. Describe how this would affect the projected median age reported in this
table.
(2 marks)

See next page

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

16

Question 15

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(11 marks)

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The diagram shows the graphs of y = 2(0.5)x and y = 4 x.

(a)

Use the graphs given to estimate the solutions to the equation 2(0.5)x = 4 x. Show on
your graph where you found the solutions.
(3 marks)

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CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

17

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

(b)

On the diagram, sketch the graph of y = 0.5(x + 2)(x 3)2.

(c)

Use the graphs to determine the number of solutions to the equation

0.5(x + 2)(x 3)2 = 4 x.

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(d)

(3 marks)

(1 mark)

Use your calculator to determine the coordinates of the point(s) of intersection of the two
functions y = 2(0.5)x and y = 4 x. Express your answer(s) correct to two decimal places.

(4 marks)

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

18

Question 16

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(10 marks)

(a)

To develop the mine a road needs to be constructed along the line segment AC. Using
trigonometry, calculate the length of this road to the nearest metre.
(4 marks)

(b)

If the road along AC is costed to the nearest metre at a rate of $1500 per metre, what is
the total cost of constructing the road?
(1 mark)

See next page

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The diagram below (not drawn to scale) is a survey plan of a mining lease for an area of land
ABCD. All dimensions are in metres (m) and angles are in degrees.

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

19

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

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(c)

Using trigonometry, determine the size of ABC.

(d)

Using trigonometry, determine the area of the lease contained in triangle ADC. (2 marks)

See next page

(3 marks)

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

20

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Question 17

(8 marks)

Quarter
1
2
3
4
5

Month and year

September 2008
December 2008
March 2009
June 2009
September 2009

Interest rate
7.02%
4.35%
3.25%
3.00%
3.00%

15
16

March 2012
June 2012

4.25%
3.54%

A diagram of his plot of the entire data is given below.

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Quentin recorded and graphed official quarterly interest rates over four years beginning in
September 2008. A table showing part of his data is given below.

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

21

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

Using his calculator Quentin determined that the quarterly interest rate as a percentage could be
modelled by the cubic function y = 0.0104x3 + 0.275x2 2.04x + 7.9.

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(a)

Sketch Quentins function on the diagram on the opposite page.

(4 marks)

(b)

Use Quentins function to determine the interest rate in September 2012.

(2 marks)

(c)

Use the sketch of Quentins function to estimate the greatest difference between the
actual interest rate and the rate given by Quentins function.
(1 mark)

(d)

Why would Quentins function have been inaccurate in predicting interest rates in 2013?

(1 mark)

See next page

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

22

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Question 18

(8 marks)

Eddy and Eileen have decided to invest $16 000 for their eight-year old son Gary. He is to be
given the money on his twentieth birthday, in twelve years time. They have chosen a savings
fund that pays interest at the rate of 4.8% per annum compounded quarterly.
The following table shows the value of the investment at three-monthly intervals during the first
two years.

(a)

Value of investment

$16 000
$16 000 1.012 = $16 192
$16 192 1.012 = $16 000 1.0122 = $16 386.30
$16 386.30 1.012 = $16 000 1.0123 = $16 582.94
$16 582.94 1.012 = $16 000 1.0124 = $16 781.94
$16 781.94 1.012 = $16 000 1.0125 = $16 983.32
$16 983.32 1.012 = $16 000 1.0126 = $17 187.12
$17 187.12 1.012 = $16 000 1.0127 = $17 393.36
$17 393.36 1.012 = $16 000 1.0128 = $17 602.08

The value of the investment at the end of each three months (quarter) can be written as:
Value = A(1.012)n where, n is the number of quarters.
(i)

What is the value of A?

(1 mark)

(ii)

What is the value of n after two years?

(1 mark)

(iii)

What is the quarterly interest rate?

(1 mark)

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Time
At start
After 3 months
After 6 months
After 9 months
After 1 year
After 15 months
After 18 months
After 21 months
After 2 years

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

23

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

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(b)

Determine how much Gary will receive on his twentieth birthday.

(3 marks)

(c)

Write a recursive rule for the value of the investment after n quarters.

(2 marks)

See next page

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

24

Question 19

(9 marks)

Louise and Andrea were tossing a fair coin and investigating run size. They had defined run
size as the number of times the toss resulted in the same outcome (either heads or tails) before
changing.

(a)

Write an example in which 10 coins are tossed and there is a run of size 3, followed by a
run of size 5, then a run of size 2.
(1 mark)

(b)

The result from 20 tosses of a coin are shown below.

HHHTTHHTTTHHHTHTHHTT

(1 mark)

How many run sizes of 3 are there?

(c)

Louise and Andrea had tossed a fair coin 100 times in their investigation and recorded
the number of times each run size occurred. The results are given in the table below.
Run size
Frequency

1
18

2
9

3
9

4
5

5
1

6
2

(i)

What was the largest run size?

(ii)

In the process of calculating the mean size of a run, Louise divided by 100 while
Andrea divided by 44. Who was correct? Explain.
(2 marks)

See next page

(1 mark)

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Examples:

Five tosses resulting in HHHTT represents a run of size 3, followed by a run of size 2.

Six tosses resulting in TTTHHT represents a run of size 3, followed by a run of size 2,
then a run of size 1.

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED
(d)

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(e)

25

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

Using the information in part (c), determine

(i)

the mean size of a run.

(1 mark)

(ii)

the median size of a run.

(1 mark)

(iii)

the standard deviation of the run size.

(1 mark)

Louise and Andrea wanted to collect more data and decided it would be quicker to runa
simulation using a spreadsheet on their calculators. What calculator function would be
useful to generate numbers to represent the outcomes of the coin toss?
(1 mark)

See
next
page
End
of questions

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

26

CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

Additional working space

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CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

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CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

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CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

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Additional working space

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CALCULATOR-ASSUMED

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Question number:

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MATHEMATICS 2C/2D

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Section Two
Question 8

Australian Taxation Office. (2012). Income tax rates [Tables].

Retrieved April 21, 2013, from www.ato.gov.au/content/12333.htm

Question 14

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2012). Population projections [Table].

Retrieved April 21, 2013, from
www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/4102.0Sep%2020
12. Used under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia
licence.

Question 17

Data source: Reserve Bank of Australia. (2013). Interest rates.

Retrieved August 5, 2013, from
www.rba.gov.au/statistics/tables/index.html#share_mkts

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