ABSTRACT

This report provides a technical review for position and speed control of a
Brushless DC motor (BLDC) drive, including the background analysis using
sensors and its limitation. The goal is to improve the overall efficiency of system
by individually tackling the accuracy and repeatibility of system.The speed of
the BLDC motor is varied using the pwm pins of arduino in a open loop
system.The close loop control acquires a feed back from the rotary optical
encoder which in turn is fed to PID controller to achieve a steady accurate
output value.
INTRODUCTION

BLDC motors, also known as Permanent Magnet DC Synchronous

motors, have gained much of the popularity due to high performance and characteristics. As a
result these motors are widely used in industrial applications due to the sophisticated control
achievable over its characteristics.
The brushless DC motor is a synchronous electric motor that, from a modelling perspective,
looks exactly like a DC motor, having a linear relationship between current and torque,
voltage and rpm. It is an electronically controlled commutation system, instead of having a
mechanical commutation, which is typical of brushed motors. Additionally, the
electromagnets do not move, the permanent magnets rotate and the armature remains static.
This gets around the problem of how to transfer current to a moving armature. In order to do
this, the brush-system/commutator assembly is replaced by an intelligent electronic
controller, which performs the same power distribution as a brushed DC motor . BLDC
motors have many advantages over brushed DC motors and induction motors, such as a better
speed versus torque characteristics, high dynamic response, high efficiency and reliability,
long operating life (no brush erosion), noiseless operation, higher speed ranges, and reduction
of electromagnetic interference (EMI). In addition, the ratio of delivered torque to the size of
the motor is higher, making it useful in applications where space and weight are critical
factors, especially in aerospace applications

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this experimentation is to achieve optimal control over the
speed and position of of BLDC motor at highy effiecient performance.
COMPONENETS LIST:
S.No

Components

Quantity

Brusless DC Motor

01

Arduin UNO

01

L298 Dual H-Bridge .

01

Voltage Regulator

01

Optical Rotary Encoder (Quadrature)

01

Connecting Wires (Male to Male, Male to Female)

DCPower Source (24V , 5V )

01

PROBLEMS FACED DURING PROJECT :

Lack of availability of some components

Shortage of time for group discussion

Financial problems are also occur during project

Management also a big issue

CONCLUSION:

Thus by using this simple arrangement we can save wastage of water and
electricity. It is very important for us to control the use of natural resource
of energy. By using this circuit we can solve our purpose very easily.

PROGRAM CODE: