IgA is not restricted by tissue layer

GI epithelium has M cell (specific to the region) with channel allowing immune cells
access to lumen
IgA bound to antigen, M cell recognize, transport
Secondary Lympathic Organs
MALT organ formed of all motile cells
GALT, BALT
Peyers patches (m cells) lymphoid follicle, antigen dependent B cell
proliferation, ileum
Appendix
Tonsils many folds called tonsilar crypts
Lymph Nodes
Pto/LTo are ssnk whereas PhTo is pseudostratified
Reticular Epithelium (rete=net) with 1) fenestrated basement
membrane and 2) decreased number of desmosomes similarities to
stellate reticulum with desmosomes linking cells like tips of stars
together

Spleen
White pulp if you have blood infection,
Splenic macrophages

Subclavian vein is where lymphathic rejoins systemic circulation

Embryologylymphatic vessels sprout from veins
Capsules around lymph nodes are sheet like toth CT
Reticulated epithelium, stellate-like
High Endothlial VEnules/post capillary venule = Simple cuboidal epithelium with
RBC inside are part of systemic circulatory
Active around lymph nodes, good at pulling blood cells
Paracortex, all lymphoid space minus cortex

b lymphocyte is in lymphoid follicle and in cortex

t lymphocyte is outside lymphoid follicle
basement membrane houses dividing b stem cells
ask about where each cell is located
only place in body with double positive cells come from thymus
remember eosinophils have denser granules
Th 0 cells are nave t lymphocytes
Basophils make IL-4. (Th2 respond to IL-4)
IFN gama = interferon gama
Crucial and under appreciated for killin cancer
Tb infects the lung, spread through droplets in the air
Islands of fibrosis, immune cells, aveolar ducts taking up too much space (not
dense)
Tuberculosis bacteria allows self to be cleaned up by aveloar macrophage,
sits in phagosomeshould fuse with lysosome, but it changes wall of phagosome so
lysosome cannot bind to it. Now bacteria is stuck there and allowed to divide until
macrophage lyses leads to necrosis which stimulates immune response
(macrophages are killing lung tissue, little by little)
Transplant rejection
Good to transplant: non-vascularized tissue (cornea layered sheets rotated
90 degrees ea-- or cartilage), live, endocrine organs
OK: fetus, bone
Tough: kidney, skin, xenografts
(easiest way to transplant kidney is take it from twin brother (matched blood
type)
Lack of mhc-1 on cells of syncytiotrophoblast

Autoimmune disease
Central tolerance thymus
Peripheral tolerance unknown (possibly liver gets ride of sel-reactive lymphocytes)
Multiple sclerosis autoimmune to myelin (shows up in blue stain normally but will
have pink where its not) slowing down transmission of electrical signal

Celiac disease against gluten leading to chronic inflammation of gut villi are
deleted from intestinal surfacecannot absorb anything
Rheyatoid arthritis
Affects joints, woven bone in adult, no periosteum, maybe osteoclast present
Allergies
Cause is unknown but have theory involving Th0
IgG lower, IgE higher in response to allergies.mast cells promote allergic
reaction
Cytokine environment produces IgE, body gets use to this, but when older
you now dont make appropriate IgG and have allergic response

Colon lots of goblets cells only

Stomach see goblet cells but glands also
Intestine see goblet and secreting cells